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Each species is listed under its English and scientific name; no distinction is made between entries for eggs, larvae or adults. A page reference may encompass more than one appearance of an item on a single page. Any entry qualified by a sex designation refers to the adult insect. Where a term is abbreviated in the text, the abbreviation follows the index entry for that term.
Prefixes to page numbers indicate the location of (B) boxes, (F) figures, (M) distribution maps, and T (tables).
absence of free water:
and egg survival, 35, 91
and larval survival, 138
absolute numbers. See population size
Acarina. See Hydracarina
accompanying behaviour, adult, B218, 219
acetate gel electrophoresis, 142
active behavioural mode, larva, T119
Aeschnophlebia longistigma, 107
Aeshna affinis, 193
Aeshna caerulea, 18, 28, 45-47, T100, F120, 124, 159, B167, T170, B172, B205, 266, 287, 288, 320, M324
Aeshna cyanea, 17, F18, 22, 45, 47, 73, 82, 92, 96, 98, T100, 110, 118, T119, F121, 134, 138, 140, 144, F146, B163, F163, 163, F165, F166, T170, TT179, F180, 188-9, F190, 199, 200, 202, F213, 220, F221, 222, 228, 231, 233, 237, F239, 239, 242, 252, 253, F263, 295, 323, M325
Aeshna grandis, 12, 23-4, 45, 47, F80-1, 88, F90, 91, T100, T170, 189, 191, 193, 217-8, 242-3, 260, F263, 295, M326
Aeshna isosceles, 29, F30, 45, 47-8, 74-5, T100, F101, 197, 287, 291, 298, 299, F299, 320, M327
Aeshna juncea, F28, 28, 45, 48, 91-2, T100, 117, 124, 132, 135, 137, 160, T170, 191, 235-7, 242-3, F263, 288, M328
Aeshna mixta, 22, 45, F46, 47-8, 72, 92, T100, T171, 174, 181-2, 188, 198, 201, 204, 206-8, 213, 217, 232, 295-6, F297, 323, M329
Aeshna subarctica, 79, B76
Aeshna viridis, 74
Aeshnidae, B5, 13, 16, 45-51, 62, 82, 87-8, 91-2, T100, F115, 116-8, T135, B154, 211, 216, 228, 233, 250, 253, 255, 258, 280, 283
aestivation, 181, 183
age, adult, determination of, 175, F176-7
aggressive behaviour
female, 235
larva, 134
male, 209, 234-5, 238, 241
See also density, repertoires
agonistic behaviour, larva, 134, 142, 148
agriculture, 287, 305, 307
Agriocnemis pygmaea, 134
Agrion (newsletter), 11
alpha male, 241
alternative reproductive behaviour, 241, 242
See also satellite males
amniotic fluid, 105
Amphibia
as definitive hosts of Trematoda, 131
as oviposition substrates, 82
as predators of adult, 199, 230
as predators of larva, 132
Anax ephippiger, 45-6, 51, 206, 216, 219, 316, M330
Anax imperator, B5, 13, 17, 22-3, 45-8, F49-50, 72, F77, 79, 87, 93, T100, B108, F108-9, 115-6, 118-9, 121, 137, 141, 145, F147, 147-8, 152, 156, F158, 158, F159, 159-60, T161, 161-2, B163, F163, 163, F165, 166, F166, T170, 173, T179, 185, 189, 191, 217, F237, 237-8, 263, 270, 294-6, 317, 323, M331
Anax junius, 45-6, 50, 87, 134, 159, 184, 206-7, 212, 221-2, 253, 317, M332
Anax parthenope, 45-6, 50-1, 85, 88, 92, 193, 253, 294, F295, 316, M330
Anotogaster sieboldii, 244
antipredation behaviour
adult, 92-3, 201-2
larva, 113-4, 132-4, T135
Apis mellifera, as prey, 216, 222, B223, 252
apolysis, B145
Araneida
as predators of adult, 197, 199, F200
as prey of adult, 214
Argia moesta, 96
Arrenuridae. See Hydracarina
Arun Valley, 29, 51
Ashton Water, 303
Ashton Water Dragonfly Sanctuary, F303, 303
assimilation efficiency, B127, 127, 144
Austrolestes colensonis, 35, 107, 110
autotomy by larva, 113, 135
Aves,
as definitive hosts of parasites, 131-2
as predators of adult, 91, 158-161, T161, 197-8, F198
as predators of larvae, 132
Avon Valley, 306 Azure Damselfly. See Coenagrion puella
Azure Hawker. See Aeshna caerulea
Balfour-Browne, Frank, 268
Banded Darter. See Sympetrum pedemontanum
Banded Demoiselle. See Calopteryx splendens
Basingstoke Canal, 293
basking, adult, F63, 184, F187, 187-8,
Bath, W. Harcourt, 268
bats, See Chiroptera
BDS. See British Dragonfly Society
Beautiful Demoiselle. See Calopteryx virgo
Beckitt, William, 266
bees. See Apis mellifera
Benfleet, 286
Berne Convention, 300
Beynon, Tim, 272
biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), 138-40, 291
biocontrol,
by adult, 214, 221-3
by larva, 129, 223, B224
Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP), 300, 303, F304, 306,
Biodiversity Convention, 300-1
bioindicators, Odonata as, 140-1
biological oxygen demand. See biochemical oxygen demand
Biological Records Centre (BRC), 270, 275
biomass, larva, 127, 129
biotope, B70
birds. See Aves
Black Darter. See Sympetrum danae
Black-tailed Skimmer. See Orthetrum cancellatum
blastokinesis. See katatrepsis
Blue-tailed Damselfly. See Ischnura elegans
Bough Common, F30
Boyeria irene, 73, 139, 193
Brachythemis leucosticta, 219
Brachytron pratense, 29, 45-7, 51, 69, T100, 103, 116, 118, F120, 134, T135, T170, F248, F263, 287, 291, F293, 296, 304, 320, 324, M334
Breckland, 288
British Dragonfly Society (BDS)
awards, 278
Conservation Officer, 277-8, 305
Dragonfly Conservation Group (DCG), 11, 273-4, 303
Dragonfly News, 11, 274
Dragonfly Recording Network (DRN), 273, 276-7, 305,
foundation, 11, 272
grants, 278
Journal, 11, 274
local groups, 274-5, 305
Management Fact Files, 278
Migrants Recording Scheme, 276, 279
nomenclature, 6
Odonata Recording Scheme (ORS), 271-2, 275
patron, 303
periodicals, 274
Rare Dragonfly Project (RDP), 276, 300, 304
website, 279
British Red Data List, 300, 320, 321,
British Waterways, 277
Burnham Beeches, 275
burrowers (larval type), F53, F55, 78-9, 117, T119, 122, F123, 124, 139
Caliaeschna microstigma, 139
Calopterygidae, 2, 6, 31, 33, 51, B70, B72, 85, 87, T100, 101, 138, 140, 152, 202, 217, 228-9, 234, 245, 253, 258, 263
Calopteryx dimidiata, 77
Calopteryx haemorrhoidalis, 78, 131, 197, 215, 230, 245, 251
Calopteryx maculata, 192, 202, 238, 249
Calopteryx splendens xanthostoma, 194, 238
Calopteryx splendens, 23, 31, 33, 77, 78, 85, 112-3, 131, 139, 167, T170, 178, 191, 220, 231, 236, 237, 239, 242, 250-2, 256, 263
Calopteryx virgo, 26, 31, F32-3, 33, 78, 85, 94, 96, B104, 106, 139, B167, T170, T179, 220, F229, 230-1, F231, F236, 236, 239-40, 242, 256, F263, 287, M346
camouflage
adult, 200
larva, 116, 121, 134, F136
cannibalism, 116, 119, 132-3, 138
See also intra-odonate predation
carbamates, as pollutants, 140
Castle Marshes, 74
caudal appendages, larva, 2, 13, F37, F113, 113-4, 134-5, 148, 269
caudal lamellae. See caudal appendages
Ceratopogonidae, as ectoparasites, 197
cercariae of Trematoda, invasion of larva, 131
Cercion calamorum, 240
Ceriagrion tenellum, 17, 28, 38-40, 75, 86, F113, F168, T171, F195, 197, 238, 287-8, 290, M347
Cestoda, as parasites of larva, 132
Cham, Steve, 276, 316
Charpentier, Toussaint de, F263
Chasers, 59, 61-2, F153-5, F201, F229
Checklist of British species, 309-12
Chelmick, Dave, 270, 272
Chiroptera, as predators of adult, 199
claspers (larval type), F46, 78, 118, T119, F120, 124, F131, 132, T135, F146, 279
climate change, 129, 173-4, 181-2, 193, 217, 288, 291, 294-5, 298, 306-7, 325, M329, M331, M357, M369, M371-2
Clonfin, Loch, F290
Clutch size. See oviposition
Coenagrion armatum, 40, F263, 268, 285-6, 320, M336
Coenagrion hastulatum, 18, F19, 23, 38, 40, 117, 132, 167, 169, T171, 193, 196, F263, 266, 320
Coenagrion lunulatum, 23, 29, 38, 40-1, F40-1, 271, 287
Coenagrion mercuriale, 26, 38, 41-2, 75, 79, 89, F109, F113, 160, F168, T171, 191-2, 196, 204, 208, F263, 266, 287-8, 299-301, F301-2, 303, 306, 318, 320, M339
Coenagrion puella, 13, 22-3, 38, F39, 42, 86, 88-9, 92, 94, F95, 95-6, 106, 133, 169, T171, 173, T179, 189, 191, 195-7, F199, 200, 203, 235, 243-4, 255-6, F263, M340
Coenagrion pulchellum, 13, 29, F30, 38, 42, 86, 88, T171, F263, 268, 287, 320, M341
Coenagrion scitulum, 42, 268, 285-6, 320, M342
Coenagrionidae, 38-45, 93, T100, 106, F113, 117, 135, 152, T171, 224, 258, 316
cohort splitting. See larval development
Coleoptera, as predators
of adult, F80, 89
of larva, 132, 133
collecting dragonflies
adults, 4, 8-9, 178, 272-3, 280, 299, 312-318, B314-5, 316-8
code of practice, B314-8
larvae, 142-3, F142, 279, 313
See also voucher specimens
colour, adult, 186
change during maturation, F176, 186
change, reversible, 185
forms, 45, F177-8, 186
commensals
of adult, 111, 193-4, 208, 216
of larva, 130, B130
Common Agricultural Policy, 307
Common Blue Damselfly. See Enallagma cyathigerum
Common Club-tail. See Gomphus vulgatissimus
Common Darter. See Sympetrum striolatum
Common Hawker. See Aeshna juncea
commuting flights, B205
competition, adult, 202-3, 226, 228
compound eye,
adult, 1, 211, F211
larva, 1
ultraviolet sensitivity, 71
conservation, 269, 272-3, 284, 288, 304
Key Sites, 272
need, 285
practice, 299
priorities, 308, 319-321
prospects, 305
Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), 319-321
contact guarding See guarding
‘convenience polyandry’, 252
cooling behaviour, adult. See thermoregulation
copulation
duration, 59-60, 249-51
formation of wheel, 245, F247-8, F296
frequency, 254
marks, 160
stages, 249-50
termination, 257
See also mating
Corbet, Philip Steven, 11, 269-70, 272, 278
Corbet, Sarah Alexandra, 82
Cordulegaster bidentata, 78, 139
Cordulegaster boltonii F26, 26, F54-5, 54-5, 72-3, 78, 80, 102-3, 111, T119, 122, F123, 124, 129, T135, 139, 147-8, 166, T170, 192-3, 201, 208, 220, 232, 238, 263, 288, M343
Cordulegaster insignis, 139
Cordulegaster picta, 139
Cordulegastridae, 54-5, T100, T135, 138, 228, 233, 250, 253, 255
Cordulia aenea aenea, 13, 22-3, 56-8, 92, T119, 121, 124, 132, T135, 149, F149, 152, T170, 174, 178, 220, 232, 233-4, 239, 243-4, F263, 275, 282, 287-8, 320, M335, F123, F149, F190, F232, F285
Cordulia aenea amurensis, F56, 137, 178, T179, 230, 233, 240, 244, F240
Corduliidae, 13, 56-7, F56-7, T100, 117, 121, 130, 152, 204, 216, 229, 233, 237, 246, 253, 255, 283, 275 Cornmill Meadows Dragonfly Sanctuary, 275, F304, 304
Coryphaeschna ingens, 222
Cotswold Country Park, 289, F289
Countryside Council for Wales, 274, 300
Countryside Restoration Trust, 288, 305
courtship, 31, 78, 230, 245, 252
Crenigomphus renei, 156
Crocothemis erythraea, 60, 294, 317, M344
Crocothemis servilia, 60, 223, B224, 316
Crustacea, as prey, 124
Curry, Henry, 272
Curtis, John, F265, 265
Daguet, Caroline, 278
Dale, James C., 265, F122
DARTER recording software, 277
Darters, 58-67
Dawlish, 316
death feigning. See reflex immobilisation
deep burrowers (larval type), T119, 124
defence behaviour
adult, 201-2
larva, 113, 133-7
density, adult response to, 233-5, F239, 239, F240
description, of British species, F261-4, 263,
desiccation. See absence of free water
development
egg, 98-9, 102-3, 110
larva, 144-8, B145
See also aestivation, diapause, siccatation
diapause
adult, 206
egg, 60, 97-9, 103, 110, F169, 173 larva, 162, F166, 173
diaphragm, larva, 2, 3, 114, F115
diel patterns, adult
basking, 184, 187
flight, 184-189
hatching, 107
oviposition, 92-3
diet
adult, 214-6
larva, 124-5
Diptera
as commensals, 111, 194, 208
as parasites of adult, 197
as predators of adult, 199
as prey of adult, 216-8, 222
as prey of larva, 280
dispersal, adult, 73, 78, 203-4, 209, 282
dissolved oxygen concentration, 138
distribution of British Odonata, 16-18, 20, 173, 269, 270-1, 275, 284, 287, 295, 305, 319, F322, 323-72
dominance
adult, 202, 209, 228, 238, 241
larva, 134
Donovan, Edward, 263
Downy Emerald. See Cordulia aenea
Dragonflies in focus, 277
Dragonfly Conservation Group (DCG). See British Dragonfly Society
dragonfly, names, 4-8
Dragonfly Project, 304
Dragonfly Recording Network. See British Dragonfly Society
Dragonfly Society of the Americas, 6
DragonflyIreland, 276-7
See also evaporative cooling, thermoregulation
Dunn, Roderick, 272
ecdysis, 97, 107, B145, F146
ectothermy, adult, 186-7
See also thermoregulation
egg
arrangement of sets, 84, 85
burster, 106
development, 98-9, 103, 110
diapause, 98, 99, T100, 103, 110, F169, F173
external morphology, 97, 101-2, F101-2
fertilization, 102, 252
hatching, 105-6, F106, F108
lifetime production, F95
parasitoids, B104, 105, 110
vitelline membrane, 106, F106
embryonic development, 97-9, 102-3, 110
Emerald Damselfly. See Lestes sponsa
EM50 value, F163, 164
emergence, 195, 280
curve, 152, 162, F163, 163, B163, F166, 173-4, F163, F166
diel pattern, 156, F158-9, 158-9, 161, 183
divided, 159, F159, 161
duration, 156
inverted, 149, F150
mortality, 149, 158-60, F158, T161, 183
posture, 148, F149, 152
protandry, 161
searching movements, 148, F149
seasonal pattern, 160, 162, F166, 189
stages, 152, B153, F153-8
total numbers, 152
Emperor Dragonfly. See Anax imperator
Enallagma cyathigerum, 23, 38, 42, 73, 78, 85, 87, 89, 91, 131, 133, T171, F185-6, 185, 191, 196, 202, 214, 239, 249, 250, 256, F263, M348
Enallagma exsulans, 214
Enallagma praevarum, 131
encounter site. See rendezvous
endothermy, 158, 183, 187
See also thermoregulation
energetics, 225
energy balance, 126, 219-20
budget, 126, B127
efficiency, 126, B127, 127
flow, T128
transformation, B127, F128
English Nature, 273, 300
Environment Agency, 274, 278, 300
Epallage fatime, 139
Ephemeroptera, 2
epibionts, of larva, B130
Epiophlebia superstes, 107
Epiophlebiidae, 3
Epping Forest, 275
Erythromma najas, F20, 23, 38, 42-3, 71, 88, 132, 156, T170, 178, 220, B284, M349
Erythromma viridulum 23, 38, 43, 88, 277, 295, M350, F296
escape behaviour, larva, 134-5
Esmee Fairburn Foundation, 277
EU Habitats Directive and subsidies, 288, 300
Evans, W.F., 266
evaporative cooling, 91, 183-4
See also thermoregulation
Eversham, Brian, 275
extinction, 286, 291, 307, M336, M342, M363
extraction industries, 289-90
exuviae, 13, F128, 149, F151, 152, 283, 313
eye. See compound eye
faecal pellets, 114, 125, 126, F128, 143, 215-6
Farming and Wildlife Advisory Group, 273, 288, 305,
fecundity, 94-5
clutch size, 94
interclutch interval, 94
and weather, 94-5
feeding,
adult, 212, 216
capture success, 217-8, B218
economic significance, 221-4, B223-4
handling prey, 216
larva
capturing prey, B114-5
predatory sequence, 116-8, F118
prey type, 124-5
female choice, 254, 257
fertilization. See egg
final-stadium larva (F-0), B145
first-stadium larva. See prolarva
fishes
as oviposition substrates, 83
as predators, 78, 112, 117, 132, 135, 137
as prey, 124
Fish Pond, F77
fliers and perchers, 45, 59, 184, 187, 232-3, 312
flight
diel periodicity, 189, 217, 228
mechanism, 210
flight, type, 235, F236
hovering, 234
patrol. See patrol flight.
See also repertoires
flying season, 173, 189, F190, 193, 202-3, 230
foraging, adult, 212, 215, 225
diel pattern, 215
efficiency, 217-8
modes, 215, 218
strategies, 217, B218
See also accompanying behaviour
foraging, larva, 116, 126
modes, 213-4
versatility, 116
forestry, 288-9, 305, 307
Fort, Tom, 306
Four-spotted Chaser. See Libellula quadrimaculata
Fraser, Frederick C., 269
French, Graham, 277
frogs,
as definitive hosts of Trematoda, 131
as predators of adult, 191
Gambles, Robert Moylan, 269
Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust, 288
garden ponds, 280, B281-2
Gardner, Eric, 269, 271
gleaning, 214, 224
global warming. See climate change
Gomphidae, 51-4, F52, T100, 130, 152, 255
Gomphus flavipes, 156
Gomphus simillimus, 102
Gomphus vulgatissimus, 23, 51, F52-3, 53, 102, 122, 130, 138-40, T170, F263, 287, 291, 319-20, M351
Grand Canal, F294
Great Silver Diving Beetle, as predator, F80
green corridors, 288
Gregarinida. See Protozoa,
Grosvenor Museum, 4
growth, 112, F165
rate, 162, 164, 167, B168, 169, 172
ratio, 144-5, B145
guarding, 255
contact, 256
non-contact, 256
precopulatory, 87, B255
postcopulatory, F83-4, 226-7, 250, 252-3
sentinel position, 38 habitat, B70
biotope, B70
latency, B76
niche, B70
secondary, 22, B76, 308
selection, 69-97, 203, 298
sink, B76
source, B76
stem, 22, B76, 96, 257, 276, 308
types in Britain, 21-31, B70
See also wetland types
habitat change, related to
canals, 293
climate, 294-8, 306-7
extraction industries, 289-90
forestry, 288-9
water abstraction, 306
water quality, 291, 307
habitat management, 288, 305
Habitats Directive, 300
Hagenius brevistylus, 202
Hairy Warriorfly. See Brachytron pratense
Hammond, Cyril O., F267, 270-1
handling adults, 312-3
Harcourt Bath, W, 268
Harris, Moses, 263, F264-5
Hatchet Pond, F23
hatching. See egg
Hawkers, 45-51
Hayter-Hames, Jane, 269
head-arrester system, 119, 212, 312, F213
Heath, John, 270
Hemiptera
as predators, 133, 137
as prey, 214
hibernation, 183
HicklingBroad, 285, T135
hiders (larval type), F57, 78, T119, 121-2, 124, 280, F123
highest steady density, B283
Hirudinea, as predators of larvae, 132
hoarding, adult, 217
hockey-stick posture, female, 244
homing. See philopatry
Honey Bees. See Apis mellifera
Hughes, Ted, xv
Hunting. See foraging
Hydracarina, as parasites, 194-7, F195
Hymenoptera,
as parasitoids, 91, 95, B104, 105, 110, 194, 209
as prey, F105, 216-7, 222, B223, 252
identification,
British Odonata, B14, B15, 21-23, 141
Early-stadium larvae, 141-2
immature adult. See prereproductive period
immersion, adult. See evaporative cooling
insect growth regulators, as pollutants, 140
instar. See stadium
interaction,
adult, interspecific, 234-42, 252-3
larva, 113
interclutch interval. See fecundity
International Commission for Zoological Nomenclature, 4
International Journal of Odonatology, 11
intramale sperm translocation (IST), 246, 253
intra-odonate predation,
adult, 216
larva, 132-3
Irish Damselfly. See Coenagrion lunulatum
Ischnura elegans, 21, 23, 38, 43, 73, 85, 87, 92, 132, 134, 138, 140, F150, T171, 173, 175, F176-7, 178, 186, 188-9, F190, 195-6, 202-3, 212, 214, 217, 228, 244, 249-50, 256, 268, 271, M352
Ischnura hastata, 103
Ischnura pumilio, 38, 43, 45, 75, 85, 101, 107, T171, 178, F178, 187, 250, 255, F263, 287, 290, 320, M352
Ischnura ramburii, F248
Ischnura verticalis, F105
jet propulsion, larva, 3, 114, 159
Johnson, Ian, 273
Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC), 274, 277, 319
kairomones, larva, 135
katatrepsis, 103
Keeled Skimmer. See Orthetrum coerulescens
Key sites, 275-7, 279
Killarney National Park, F29
Kimmins, Douglas, 268
Kirby, William Forsell, 263, F263
Koenigswarter de, Kari, 303
labial protraction, F115
labial strike. See labial protraction
labium, larva, 1,3, B5, 13, B114-5, F115, 134, B145, 147-8, Large Red Damselfly. See Pyrrhosoma nymphula
larval development, 189
cohort splitting, 167
regulated, 169-73, B172
See also seasonal regulation, voltinism
Latchmoor, F27
latitude compensation, 164, 169
Lea Valley, 275, 289
Lea Valley Park Authority, 275, 304
Leach, William Elford, B5, 263
lead, as pollutant, 140
legislation, 299-303
Lesser Emperor. See Anax parthenope
Lestes barbarus, 34-5, 69, 183, 193, 294, M354
Lestes disjunctus australis, 189
Lestes dryas, 29, F34, 34, 36, F81, T171, F190, 263, F263, 266, 271, 287, 320, M355
Lestes nympha, 266
Lestes sponsa, 23, 34, F35, 36, 70, F81, F83, 84, 67-8, 95, 98-9, 103, 135, 144, F169, 169, T171, 175, 181-3, F182, 188, F190, 196, 202, 216, 227, 250, 252, 256, M356
Lestes virens, 183, 252
Lestes viridis, 34, B76, 107, 161, 183, 185
Lestidae, 6, 34-6, T100, 103, 152, 216,
Leucorrhinia caudalis, 235
Leucorrhinia dubia, 59, F60, 61, 124, 132, 134, T161, T170, 175, 178, 193, 198, 230, 235, 239-40, F263, 266, 298, F298, 320, M360,
Leucorrhinia pectoralis, F190
Libellula depressa, 22, 59, 61-2, F61, 79, F101, 107, T119, 122, 138, F153-5, T170, 173, 200, F201, 230, 243, 252, F263, 287, 295-6, M357,
Libellula fulva, 21, 23, 59, 62, 122, T170, 243, F263, 287, 291, 320, M358
Libellula quadrimaculata, 59, 62, 122, 131-2, T135, 138, T170, 173, 197, 202, 220, 228, F229, 240, 242-3, F263, M359 Libellulidae, 13, 16, 58-60, F64, 92, T100, 130, T135, 141, 148, 152, 198, 229, 233, 241, 256, 283,
life cycles,
Types, B167-8, T170-1, 172, 174, 181,
See also seasonal regulation, voltinism
lifetime reproductive success (LRS), 55, 95-6, 254, 256
light-growth effect, 164
Linnaeus, Carolus, 4, 260, F262-3
localisation, male, 228-30, 233-5
longevity, adult, 191, 254, 284
See also survivorship
Longfield, Cynthia, F267, 268-70, 286
Lough Beg, F29
Lucas, William, 268
MacKenzie Dodds, Ruary, 303
as cues for habitat selection, 71, 73-5, 78-9
as larval refuges, 133, 139, B281
as oviposition substrates, 79
as perches, 133
as predators, 199, F199
See also proximal cues
Mahoney, George, 279
maiden flight, 152, 158, 160, 197, B205
male-female encounter. See rendezvous, territory
Malgassophlebia, 105
Mammalia, as beaters, B218, 219
marking
adult, 209, F221, 282, F285, 312,
larva, 209
mark-recapture, F192, B283-4,
mate choice, by female, 254
mating
success, 230
systems, 254
See also copulation
maturation. See prereproductive period
McGeeney, Andy, 272
McLachlan, Robert, 266, F267
Merritt, Robert, 271-2, 275
metals, as pollutants, 140
metamorphosis, B5, B145, 173, 189
external signs, 147-8, F147
mortality during, 137
synchronization, 162, 164
metapopulations, B76
microbials, as pollutants, 140
microhabitat, larval, B70, 70, 143
mid-air foraging, 213-5
Migrant Hawker. See Aeshna mixta
Migrant Recording Scheme. See British Dragonfly Society
migrant species, 16, 48, 50-1, 60, 62, 64-7, 87, 181, 206-7, 294-5, F295, M330, M332-3, M344, M368-70,
migration, 131, 198, B205, 206-8, 255
Mill, Peter, 272
Miller, Peter, 278
Mollusca, as prey, F118, 214
Monks Wood, 275
monitoring dragonfly populations, 282, B283
Montgomery Canal, 293
Moore, Norman Wilfred, 269-70, 273, 278, 282, B283, 303
Moors River, 58, 291
Morton, Kenneth, 266, F267
Mouffet, Thomas, 258, F259, 260
moulting. See ecdysis
Müller, Otto Friedrich, F263
Murray, Charlotte, 278
names
common, 4, 6-7, 271
scientific, 4, B5, 6-7
National Biodiversity Network (NBN), 277, 279, 323
National Dragonfly Biomuseum, F303, 303-5
National Trust, 274
Natural England, 273, 300
Nature Conservancy Council (NCC), 272-3
Nehalennia speciosa, 74
Nene, River, 293
Neobasis, 103
Neurogomphus, 124
New Forest, F27, 53, 58, 208, 286,
Newman, Edward, F265, 266
niche, B70, 75, 117
non-contact guarding. See guarding
non-territorial modes, 239, 242, 256, 283
non-trivial flights, 204, B205
Norfolk Broads, 293
Norfolk Damselfly. See Coenagrion armatum
Norfolk Hawker. See Aeshna isosceles
Northern Damselfly. See Coenagrion hastulatum
Northern Emerald. See Somatochlora arctica
Notulae Odonatologicae, 11
obelisk posture, 86, 184
obligatorily univoltine (Type 3) species, B168, F169, T171, 181, 183, F190
Odonata Recording Scheme (ORS), 275
Odonata
antiquity, 1-2, 210
classification, 2-3
features, 1
Odonatologica, 11
odonatology in Britain pre-1930, 258-268 1930-1960, 268-270 1960-1983, 270-272 1983 onwards, 272-9
odonatology
advances in, 3, 9
science of, 3-4
development in Britain, 258-279
ommatidia. See compound eye
Onychogomphus uncatus, 137
Ophiogomphus cecilia, 79
optimal foraging theory, 217
Orange-spotted Emerald. See Oxygastra curtisii
organochlorines, as pollutants, 140
organophosphates, as pollutants, 140
Orthetrum brunneum, 193
Orthetrum cancellatum, Fvi, 23, 59, 62, F63, T135, 159, T170, 188, 197, 217, 230-2, 246, 250-1, F263, 295-6, M361,
Orthetrum coerulescens, F21, 59, 64, 122, T135, F156, T170, 193, 220, 225, 230, 240-2, 253, 278, 288, M362
Oscar, 82
Osteichthyes. See fishes
Ouse Valley, 289
oviposition, 227, 252, 280
clutch size and number, 94
diel periodicity, 92-3, 188
duration, 93
endophytic, 31, 79, B80, F81, F88, F101, 105, 197,
epiphytic, B80
episodes, 60, 91, 94
exophytic, B80, F84, 93, 183
group, 88, F88, F101
guarded, 60, 85-9, F88, 92-3, 230
movements, 79-82
ovipositor, F45, 54-5, 60, 80, F81-2, 93, 349
postponed 253, 255-6
predation during, 86, 89, 91-3
rate, 93
scooping, B80
substrate choice, F45, 79, 82-3, 349
surrogate substrates, 96, 110
underwater, 38, 85, 87, 89, 91, 239
Oxygastra curtisii, 56, 75, 233-4, 285-6, F286, 291, 320, M363
Pachydiplax longipennis, 220
Palaeoptera, 2
Pantala flavescens, 64, 137, 206
Paragomphus genei, 156
parasites
of adult, B72, 194
of larva, B130
parasitoids, of egg, B104
Parker, Katherine, 278
Parr, Adrian, 276
Parr, Mike, 82
parthenogenesis, 103
particle size, sediment, B119, 124
pathogens, 130
patrol flight, F221, 232-4, F232, 241, F237
peat bogs, 28, F29, 61, 64, B70, 117, 288, 290
Peat Campaign, 274
penis, dual function, F248
perchers, 184, 187-8, 215, 217, 220, 232-3, 312
Perithemis tenera, 244 125
pest suppression. See biocontrol
pharate condition, B145, 194
philopatry, 69 photographing dragonflies, 316
photoperiod, as cue for regulation, B172
Pinniger, E. B. 286
Planaeshna milnei, 107
plant oils, as pollutants, 140
Plathemis lydia, 241
Platycnemididae, 36, 38, T100, 152, 249
Platycnemis pennipes, 21, 23, 36, F37, 38, 53, 73, 77, 79, 86, F88, 88-9, 138, 236, 245, 287, 293, 298, 304, M365
polarized light, 71-2, 110, 203
Pollard Walk, 282, B283-4
pollution, of larval habitat, 38, 48, 53, 74, 139-40, 286-7, 291, F292, 293, 306
pond creation, 288, B281-2, F281, 305
Ponds Conservation Trust, 274
Ponds in Partnership, 274
population, human, 306-7
population size
adult, 152, 239-40
larva, 137
postcopulatory behaviour, 253
See also guarding, tandem
precopulatory behaviour, 245-6
See also guarding, tandem
predation
on adult, 230
on larva, 107, B130, 132
predatory sequence, of larva, 116-7, F118
premating flight, female, 244
prereproductive period, 131, 175, F176, 178-9, T179, F180, F182, 181-3, F186, 189, F190, 191, B205, 206, 215,
prey
adult, 216
larva, 116, 124-5, 280
Procordulia grayi, 139
prolarva, 84, 97, 101, 107, B108, F108, 109-10, B145
protandry. See emergence
Protodonata, 1, 93
Protozoa
as parasites, B130, 131, 194
as prey, 125
proximate cues, B72, 73, 75, 78
Pseudagrion pilidorsum, 87
Pseudostigmatidae, 214
pyrethroids, as pollutants, 140
Pyrrhosoma nymphula, 13, 22, 38-9, F44, 45, 71, 86, 88-9, F101, F114, 124, F125, 126, B127, F128, 132, 134-5, 137-8, 140-1, 148, F157, 160, T161, 162, 166, T170, 173, T179, 189, F190, 191, F192, 193-4, 196,, 212, 237-8, 243-4, F247, 252, 287, M364
Rare Dragonfly Project. See British Dragonfly Society
Ray, John, 260, F261, 263
rearing larvae, 280
recognition, adult, 227, 242, 244-5
See also courtship, proximal cues, visual communication
recording dragonflies, 275-7, 284-5
rectal gills, larva, 280
Red Data Book, 300
reflection-polarization, 71, 203
reflex immobilisation
adult, 202
larva, 134, F136
refuge flight, B205
refusal behaviour, female, 93, 244
rendezvous, 227-8, 233, 238-40, 255, 257
repertoires, adult, 235-7
See also alternative reproductive behaviour, non-territorial modes
reproductive behaviour
functional framework, 226
See also aggressive behaviour, copulation, courtship, intramale sperm translocation, guarding, mating systems, postcopulatory behaviour, precopulatory behaviour, recognition, territoriality, visual communication
reproductive success. See lifetime reproductive success
Reptilia, as predators
of adult, 199
of larva, 132
rescue behaviour, 91
resilin, 211
respiration, larva, 107, 112-4, F128, T128, 131, 152,
Rio Convention on Biodiversity, 277, 300
roosting site, 87, 197, 242, 280
as rendezvous, 87
rotenone, as pollutant, 140
Rother, River, F25
Rothschild, Miriam, 303
Rowe, Richard, 11
Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB), 273
Ruddy Darter. See Sympetrum sanguineum
sampling larvae, 166, 174
sanctuaries, dragonfly, 303
satellite male, 228, 241
Scarce Blue-tailed Damselfly. See Ischnura pumilio
Scarce Chaser. See Libellula fulva
Scarce Emerald Damselfly. See Lestes dryas
Scarlet Darter. See Crocothemis erythraea
Scottish Natural Heritage, 274
searching behaviour, male, 233-4
seasonal refuge flight. See refuge flight
seasonal regulation, 144, F165, 167, B167-8, 169, B172, 173
second-stadium larva, F109, 141
sedentary mode (larval type), B119
Selys-Longchamps, Michel Edmond de, F263, 266
sentinel position. See guarding
Severn, River, 51
sex ratio
at emergence, 152, 161
operational, 85
shallow burrowers (larval type), F55, 59, 117, T119, F123, 124, 280, T135
shared occupancy, 241
siccatation, 183
Silsby, Jill, 272
site attachment, adult. See localisation
site fidelity, male, 231
Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), 319
criteria based on Odonata, 319
Skimmers, F21, 59, 62-4, F63, F156,
Small Red Damselfly. See Ceriagrion tenellum
Small Red-eyed Damselfly. See Erythromma viridulum
soliciting behaviour, female. See premating flight
Somatochlora alpestris, 99, F136
Somatochlora arctica, 56, 80, 93, 99, T100, T170, 174, F211, F263, 266, 287-8, 320, M366
Somatochlora flavomaculata, 117, F136, 234
Somatochlora meridionalis, 233-4
Somatochlora metallica, 23, F24, 56-8, F57, 80, 93, 130, T135, F136, T170, 174, 243, F263, 266, 287-8, 320, M367
Somatochlora semicircularis, F57, 138
Somerset Levels, 290
Southern Damselfly. See Coenagrion mercuriale
Southern Emerald Damselfly. See Lestes barbarus
Southern Hawker. See Aeshna cyanea
Special Areas of Conservation, 300
Species Action Plan, 300
species diversity, 138
species pairs, 78
sperm,
competition, 85
displacement, 9, 86, 226, 246-7, F248, 249, 251-2
precedence, 226, 253
storage organs, female, 86
transfer, 227, 246, 250
See also intramale sperm translocation
spermatodesms, 253
spermatogenesis, 175, 178
spiders. See Araneida
sprawlers (larval type), 59, F60, 78, 117, F120-3, 121, 279,
spring species (Type 1), 47, 57, 147, F163, B163-4, B167-8, T170, 173-4, F190, 191, 193, 196, 226
See also life cycles, seasonal regulation
stadia, 13, B145
stadium 2, 107, F109, 109, T119, 122, 124, 126, 132, T135, 141
Stalham, 268
stenotopic species, 73, 74, 307
Stephens, James, F265, 266
Stour, River, 293
subordinate male. See satellite male
summer species (Type 2), 47, F163, B163-4, 164, B167-8, F168, T170-1, F190
See also life cycles, seasonal regulation
surfactants, as pollutants, 140
survivorship
adult, F95, 191, F192
larva, 137
Sutton Broad, 285
‘swarming’, 240
Sympecma paedisca, 95, 105
Sympetrum danae, 21, F64-5, 65, T100, F101, 103, T171, T179, F190, 191, 203, 227, 239, 250, 263, 287, M368,
Sympetrum depressiusculum, 87
Sympetrum flaveolum, 65, 193, F263, 294, M369
Sympetrum fonscolombii, 193, F263, 266, 294-5, M370
Sympetrum meridionale, 66, 181, 316
Sympetrum nigrescens, 67, M372
Sympetrum pedemontanum, 66, 294
Sympetrum sanguineum, 13, 23, F66, 66-7, 93, 99, T100, T171, F187, 202, 217, F263, 295-6, M371,
Sympetrum striolatum, 6, 13, F17, 22, 67, F82, 86, 99, T100, F109, T119, F122, 132, T171, 174, 181, 188, 198, 202, 220, 228, 234, 241-2, 244, F263, 295-6, 316, M372,
Sympetrum vicinum, 103
Sympetrum vulgatum, 67, 72, 188, F263
takeoff temperature, 183, 188
Tamar, River, 58, 286
tandem,
precopulatory, 243, 245-6
postcopulatory, 50, F83-4
See also guarding
Taylor, Pam, 273
temperature effects, 138
adult, 178, 181-2, F182
embryo, 99
larva, 138
teneral stage, 71, 152, 160, 175, 209
territoriality, adult, 221, 228, F229, 234, 236, 238-40, 241, 255, 280, 282-4,
escalation, 236
See also aggressive behaviour, repertoires
Thames,
Marshes, 266
River, 51
thanatosis. See reflex immobilisation
thermoregulation, adult, 91, 183-4, 187-8
See also ectothermy, endothermy
The Wirral, 94
Thompson, David, 300
Thompson, Robert, vii
Thorne Moors, 266, 290
threat,
adult, 235
larva, 113
Thurner, Mike, 277
Thursley Common Nature Reserve, 61, 296
Tillyard, R. J., 11
tin, as pollutant, 140
Toads, as oviposition substrates, 82-3
total numbers. See population size
Trematoda, as parasites, 131
Trentham Park, 83
Tributyltin, as pollutant, 140
Trichoptera, as prey, F118, 124, 129, 216
trivial flights, 204
ultimate factors, B72
ultraviolet light, as cue, 71, 242-3
Vagrant Darter. See Sympetrum vulgatum
Vagrant Emperor. See Anax ephippiger
Van der Lindin, Pierre Léonard, F263
Variable Damselfly. See Coenagrion pulchellum
Vespidae,
as predators of adult, 92, 197, 199-200
as prey, 216
visual communication, adult, 242, 256
vitelline membrane. See egg
voltinism, 67-8, 117, 162, 166, 193
See also seasonal regulation
voucher specimens, 273, 299-300, 313, 315-8
Waikaremoana, Lake, 139
Wain, Bill, 272
Wandering Glider. See Pantala flavescens
warriorflies, 45-67
warriorfly, name, 7
wash from boats, 53, 293
wasps. See Vespidae
watercourses, as flyways, 204
water-touching behaviour, adult. See evaporative cooling
Waveney, River, 291
WDA. See Worldwide Dragonfly Association
Wessex Water, 306
West Moors River, 286
wetland types, 75-79
Wey, River, 62, 293
Wheeler, Q., 9-10
White-faced Darter. See Leucorrhinia dubia
White-legged Damselfly. See Platycnemis pennipes
Wildermuth, Hasruedi, 82
Whittlesey Mere, 265
Wicken Fen Nature Reserve, 304
Willow Emerald Damselfly. See Chalcolestes viridis
Wildlife and Countryside Act, 298-9
Wildlife Trusts, 273
wing sheaths, larva, growth ratio, B145
wing-whirring, 158, 183
See also thermoregulation
Winsland, David, 276
Wolbachia, and parthenogenesis, 103
Woodwalton Fen Nature Reserve, 282, 304
Worldwide Dragonfly Association, 11, 82, 313-5
WorldWide Fund for Nature (WWF), 303
Wylye, River, 306
Xanthocnemis zealandica, 117, 139
Yellow-winged Darter. See Sympetrum flaveolum
yolk, 126
Zygoptera, 2, 3, 7, 8, 31, 33-6, 38-45, 78, 84-5, 87, 91-2, B104, 105, 119, 133-5, 137, 152, 156, 161, 191, 203-4, 215, 226, 233, 243, 249
Zetterstedt, Johann Wilhelm, F263, 280