* Like those earlier chiefs of staff, Lamarmora and Cadorna, Badoglio enjoyed a career of constant promotion despite evidence of consistent incapacity. After the disaster of Caporetto he had been appointed deputy chief of staff although he was widely regarded as having been more responsible for the defeat than anyone except Cadorna: after a commission of inquiry wrote its report on the battle, thirteen pages on his contribution had to be deleted from the published version for him to retain some credibility in his new post. As Governor of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, he had even outdone Graziani in the butchery of his repression and, although he had captured Addis Ababa, his ‘triumph’ had been no more difficult or heroic than General Kitchener’s massacre of Sudanese at Omdurman in 1898. He was chief of staff during the invasion of Greece but resigned half way through the campaign.