INDEX

Abich, Diego A., 73–74

Abramsky, Sasha, 125, 172–73, 181, 185–86, 303

Achtenberg, Roberta, 234, 253

Ackerman, Frank, 154

ACORN. See Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now.

ACTION, 161–62

Action Committee for Decent Childcare, 140, 142

Adler, Devorah, 328

Afghanistan, 366–67

Africa, Afro-centrism, 24–25, 128, 311–13

education and, 119, 235, 285, 288, 324, 326

Wright and, 78, 304–6, 309, 313, 324, 326–27

Alinsky, Saul, viii, 154, 177, 188, 194, 205–7, 217, 222, 308, 352–53, 371–72, 386

CAP and, 133, 138–39, 163

community organizing and, 21, 81–83, 94, 99–103, 109, 114, 116, 118, 120–25, 136, 138–42, 149, 161–63, 184, 226, 232, 267, 278, 280, 282–83, 294, 314, 330, 338, 353, 358–60, 367, 371

Midwest Academy and, 133, 136, 138

Allen, Mark S., 183, 226

Alliance for Better Chicago Schools (ABCs) Coalition, 123–24

Allstate, 253

al-Shabazz, Rafiq (Al Nurridin), 105, 108–11

Altgeld Gardens, 105, 117, 229, 311

asbestos battle and, 111–14, 209

Altgeld Tenants United (ATU), 208–9

Alvarez, Cynthia, 105–6, 114

AmeriCorps, 374, 386

anti-war movements, 2, 24, 51

apartheid, 24, 46, 89, 342

Aronowitz, Stanley, 32–33, 39, 53

asbestos campaign, 104, 111–16, 207–9, 328, 370

Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now, The (ACORN), 45–47, 96, 132, 162, 182, 187, 191–259, 282–86, 300, 326, 373–75

“ACORN: Taking Advantage of the Fiscal Crisis” (Rathke, Borgos, and Delgado), 199–200, 207, 212

Ayers and, 196, 235, 256, 259, 261–62, 276, 284–85

banks and, 45, 47, 125, 191–92, 195–97, 199–201, 203, 206, 208–9, 211–12, 214–19, 228–31, 234–36, 253–56, 283

CHD and, 178–79

Chicago and, 194–96, 203–11, 214–15, 218–20, 222–23, 228–31, 235–36, 248, 256, 283–84, 286

Clinton and, 195, 210, 231–35, 252–54, 377

education and, 119, 196, 235–36, 256, 284–85, 289

finances of, 178, 195–96, 203, 206, 210–11, 213, 215, 218, 224, 231, 233–34, 256, 261, 275–76, 280, 283, 285–86, 288, 293, 373–74

housing and, 45, 139, 192–93, 195, 206–18, 229, 231–35, 252–55, 280, 377

New Party and, 17, 196, 198, 203, 210, 236, 238–39, 241–43, 245, 248, 259, 333–34

Obama’s ties to, viii, 4, 17, 94, 192–94, 196, 203, 205–11, 218–23, 228–30, 235–37, 242–43, 247–49, 252, 256, 258–59, 276, 283, 286, 329, 334, 356, 370, 373–74, 387

People’s Platform of, 195, 200–202, 207

Piven and, 3–4, 193, 195, 198, 227, 251–52, 254–55, 259

Project Vote and, 4, 194, 196, 203, 219–224, 227–28, 230, 236, 248–51, 370

SEIU and, 35, 49, 194, 203, 205–6, 208, 223–25, 227–28, 230, 238–39, 241, 247–48, 256

socialism of, 46–47, 191–93, 195, 197–202, 206, 214–16, 230–31, 236, 241, 254–55

techniques practiced by, 114, 122, 204–5, 208, 211, 256

Atlas, John, 48–49, 173–74

ACORN and, 214, 230–31

Audacity of Hope, The (Obama), 124, 323, 332, 349

“Audacity of Hope, The” (Wright), 305–6, 323

Augustine-Herron, Loretta, 106, 112, 116

auto bailouts, 5, 375–76, 378

Axelrod, David, 187

Ayers, John, 119–21, 123, 135, 166, 274, 276, 285

Ayers, Tom, 120

Ayers, William, 119–20, 166, 261–97

ACORN and, 196, 235, 256, 259, 261–62, 276, 284–85

community organizing and, 262–69, 273–74

education and, 17, 120, 123–24, 135, 196, 235, 256, 261–64, 272–75, 281, 284–85, 287–89, 291, 293, 326, 340

foundation work of, 17, 135, 175, 177, 196, 235, 256, 261, 264, 273–78, 280–81, 284–87, 289–96, 308, 326–27, 341, 344–46, 374

juvenile justice project of, 261, 264, 272–74, 276, 292–93, 340–46

Obama’s relationship with, viii, 12, 17–18, 94, 124, 126, 189, 261–62, 264, 271, 273–75, 283–87, 291–97, 308, 330, 340–46, 348, 387

terrorism of, 18, 119, 131, 261–64, 267, 273, 275, 292, 345

Weather Underground and, 18, 131, 235, 262–72, 275, 285, 288–89, 293, 300, 340, 342

Backyard Revolution, The (Boyte), 79–81

banks, banking, 5, 79, 118, 127–28, 151, 359, 366, 375

ACORN and, 45, 47, 125, 191–92, 195–97, 199–201, 203, 206, 208–9, 211–12, 214–19, 228–31, 234–36, 253–56, 283

CAP and, 139, 146

crises in, 191–93, 195, 212–15

subprime lending of, 192–93, 195, 206, 209–12, 214–15, 217, 229, 234–35, 252–55, 278, 377–78

Baron, Michael L., 24

Bell Federal Savings and Loan Association, 215

Big Business Day, 160–61

“Black Church and Marxism, The” (Cone), 56, 71–72

black churches, 59, 299, 301, 348

collective action of, 324–26

black liberation theology, 348

BTP’s Cuba visits and, 72–76

of Cone, 7, 56–57, 64, 69, 71–72, 226, 301–2, 305, 310

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 68, 310

Wright and, 56–58, 64, 69, 72, 85, 226, 301, 303–5, 308–9, 327

black nationalism, 141, 309, 324

of al-Shabazz, 105, 108–11

Black Panthers, 267–68, 272, 338

Black Power, 33–34, 138–39, 266, 302, 304, 324

blacks, 44, 51, 64, 91, 234, 336–37, 339, 383

community organizing and, 22–23, 25, 50, 52, 56, 70, 93–95, 97, 103, 105, 108–9, 115, 117, 139, 265–67, 269, 271

Cone on, 301–2, 304–5

education and, 272, 285

integrationist assimilation and, 324, 337

Jackson’s presidential campaigns and, 66–67

juvenile justice and, 272, 343–44

Karanja on, 312–13

Marable and, 53–55

Obama’s presidency and, 366, 370, 382

in racial profiling, 347–48

rioting of, 32–33, 225, 266, 302

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 30, 32–34, 58

in U.S. Army, 313–14

Washington’s mayoral campaigns and, 38, 40, 42, 49, 59

Weather Underground and, 265–66, 268–72

Wright on, 299–301, 303–6, 309, 316, 318, 321, 324

Black Theology and Black Power (Cone), 301–2

Black Theology Project (BTP), 56–58, 72–76, 194, 226, 310

Bobo, Kim, 194, 227–28

Booth, Heather, 226–28, 249

ACORN and, 228, 230

CAP and, 133, 139–40, 226

C/LEC and, 156–59

community organizing and, 141–42, 144–45, 150, 156, 163, 167, 173, 182, 226, 370, 377

DSOC and, 149, 151, 157, 170

McKnight’s relationship with, 181–82, 185

Midwest Academy and, 131–33, 137–43, 145, 147–49, 153, 156, 162, 165–67, 170–71, 176, 178, 180, 183–84, 186, 188–90, 228, 244, 363, 377

NAM and, 144, 151, 170

Public Allies and, 135, 183–84

socialist feminism of, 133, 140–42, 150, 156, 162, 366

VISTA and, 161–63

Booth, Paul, 142–46, 149, 163

Midwest Academy and, 131–33, 137–40, 142–43, 145, 153, 162, 186

Borgos, Seth, 199–200, 207, 212

Boyte, Harry, 164, 170–73, 367–68

communitarianism and, 83, 135, 155, 170–71, 176–77, 368

community organizing and, 79–81, 83–84, 136, 153–54, 170, 370, 377

DSOC and, 149, 151, 153, 155, 159–60, 170

Midwest Academy and, 83, 131–33, 135–38, 140, 142–43, 148, 151–55, 160, 170–71, 176–77, 363, 368, 371, 374

NAM and, 143, 149, 151, 153–55, 170

socialism and, 80–81, 84, 132–33, 135–36, 153–55, 160, 171, 363, 377

Brazier, Arthur, 308

“Breaking the War Mentality” (Obama), 2, 11

Brookins, Howard B., Jr., 317–20

Brown, John, 273–74

Burnside, Randolph, 349

Bush, George W., 339

business, 5, 24, 35, 39, 68, 78–80, 160, 164, 226, 350

ACORN and, 47, 196, 201, 206–7, 234

Booth’s socialist feminism and, 141–42, 150

community organizing and, 45, 47, 83, 117, 120, 125, 128, 139, 283, 359

health care and, 362, 385

Midwest Academy and, 171, 240

Obama’s presidency and, 356, 369, 372, 378–80, 385

and socialism from below, 375–78

Business International Corporation, 77

Byrne, Jane, 100, 315–16

Cambridgeport, Mass., 81–82, 149

Cameron, John, 172–74

CA and, 135, 168–70, 172, 174

campaign finance laws, 372

Campaign for Human Development (CHD), 177–80, 277

Cantor, Danny, 198–200

New Party and, 198, 239–41, 245–46

cap-and-trade plan, 157, 240, 379–80

capitalists, capitalism, 7–8, 30–31, 34, 51, 57–58, 66, 70, 77–78, 80, 133, 138–43, 155, 159, 168, 197, 343, 357, 367

ACORN and, 199, 207, 238, 255

Ayers and, 262–63, 273, 345

CHD and, 179–80

community organizing and, 46–47, 82, 109, 125, 128, 138

Cone and, 72, 305

foundations and, 326–27

Karanja on, 312–13

Marable on, 54–55

NAM and, 143, 148

Obama’s presidency and, 356, 376, 378–82

Washington’s mayoral campaigns and, 38–39

Carruthers, Iva, 312–13, 319

Carter, Jimmy, 37, 161, 178, 200

“Case for Transitional Reform, The” (Dreier), 46–47, 51, 198–200

Casey, Leo, 168–69, 174, 189

Castellina, Luciana, 36–37

Castro, Fidel, 72–75, 226, 306

Catholics, Catholic Church, 352

CHD and, 177–78, 180

community organizing and, 101–5, 365

Midwest Academy and, 178, 181

Centers for New Horizons, 311–13, 319

Central America, 65–67, 75, 175

Chandoo, Mohammed Hasan, 88–89

Chicago, Ill., 7, 9, 16–17, 44, 58, 64, 139, 143, 164–67, 171–73, 177, 180–86, 262, 268–69, 296–97, 320, 326–27, 342, 347, 350

ACORN and, 194–96, 203–11, 214–15, 218–20, 222–23, 228–31, 235–36, 248, 256, 283–84, 286

asbestos protests in, 104, 111–16

Catholics in, 101–3

community organizing in, viii, 16, 23, 26, 36, 62, 69–70, 79, 85, 93–124, 126–29, 133, 138, 171, 180–81, 183–84, 211, 226, 244, 264–65, 280, 311–12, 319, 370, 387

DCP in, 94, 97, 103–6, 108–16, 118–23

DSA and, 14, 167, 186, 210, 247, 257, 333–35, 338

education in, 98–101, 103–4, 118–24, 175, 235–36, 261, 264, 274–75, 281, 284–85, 287–88, 290, 315–16, 319

foundations and, 277–78, 281–82, 284, 290, 329, 344–46

job training in, 104–10, 115, 118

landfill expansion deal in, 117–18, 122–23, 208

Midwest Academy and, 36, 48–49, 79, 146, 148, 176, 180

New Party and, 241–45, 247, 256–57

Obama’s law practice and, 231, 243

Obama’s state senatorial campaigns and, 335–36

Obama’s state senatorial career and, 329–30

Project Vote and, 194, 219, 222, 224, 249

Public Allies and, 182–84, 189

socialism in, 290, 329–30, 387–88

Washington’s mayoral campaigns in, 38–42, 47, 49–50, 55–56, 59, 65–66, 150, 172, 186, 226, 244, 316–17, 383

Wright’s politics and, 314–15

Chicago, University of, 139, 309, 333–36, 343–44, 346

Obama’s teaching career at, 329–31, 333–34

Chicago Annenberg Challenge (CAC):

Ayers’s ties to, 175, 196, 235, 256, 261, 274–76, 278, 284–87, 289–90, 292, 294–95, 308, 326, 341, 345–46

Obama’s ties to, 175, 256, 261, 274–76, 278, 284–92, 294–96, 308, 326, 341, 345–46, 387–88

projects funded by, 256, 276–78, 284–90, 326

Chicago Defender, 336, 339, 344

Chicago Sun-Times, 210, 217, 228, 231, 321, 323, 328, 343

Chicago Tribune, 77, 117, 122, 206, 215, 295, 341, 344, 350, 361

Chicago Women’s Liberation Union (CWLU), 133, 140, 142

Christians, Christianity, 70, 75–76, 101–2, 128, 302, 309

Chrysler, 375–76

Cisneros, Henry, 195, 232–34, 253–54

Citibank, 195–96, 229–30

Citizen Action (CA), 135, 172–76, 183, 214, 252

DSA and, 168–70, 174

foreign affairs and, 168, 174–75, 366

IPAC and, 133, 163–65, 168–69, 187

Midwest Academy and, 48, 79, 168–69, 176, 187, 363

Citizen Action and the New American Populism (Boyte, Booth, and Max), 170–71, 176, 363

Citizen/Labor Energy Coalition (C/LEC), 162–63, 167, 187, 236

socialism and, 133, 156–60, 362

Citizens Action Program (CAP), 133, 138–40, 144, 146–47, 163, 226

Citizens Energy Act, 157–58

civil rights, civil rights movement, 41, 43, 51, 210, 280, 304, 331, 384

community organizing and, 22, 59, 69–71

Obama’s law practice and, 231, 243, 325

class, classes, 29, 42–43, 51–53, 77, 165, 239, 269, 332, 382–86

Obama’s presidency and, 382–84

in realignment strategies, 40, 49, 384–85

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 43, 52–53, 55–57

see also middle class; poor, poverty; working class

Cleveland, Ohio, 265–66, 271–72

Clinton, Bill, 190, 252–54, 257, 331

housing and, 195, 210–11, 231–35, 252–53, 377

Clinton, Hillary, 237–38

Cloward, Richard, 5, 193–98, 360, 383–86

ACORN and, 193, 195, 198, 227, 251–52, 254–55, 259

voter registration and, 50–51, 79, 227, 243, 384

Columbia University, 1–2, 23–25, 27–28, 63, 77–78

communists, communism, 8, 31, 36, 57, 66, 71, 90, 126, 134, 141, 198, 279, 305, 335

Ayers and, 263, 265, 273, 281, 345

C/LEC and, 158–60

community organizing and, 3, 82, 149, 197

Cuba and, viii, 74–76, 308–9

Davis and, 87, 92, 96

Midwest Academy and, 132, 137, 146–47

NAM and, 152–54

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 31, 36

communitarianism, 164

Boyte on, 83, 135, 155, 170–71, 176–77, 368

Midwest Academy and, 133, 170, 325, 368

populism and, 135, 368–70

Communities Organized for Public Service (COPS), 232–33

Community Is Possible (Boyte), 81

community organizers, community organizing, 33–38, 52, 93–129, 166, 201, 355–56, 364–75

aggressive tactics of, 116–18, 122–23

Alinsky and, 21, 81–83, 94, 99–103, 109, 114, 116, 118, 120–25, 136, 138–42, 149, 161–63, 184, 226, 232, 267, 278, 280, 282–83, 294, 314, 330, 338, 353, 358–60, 367, 371

in asbestos campaign, 104, 111–16, 207–9, 370

Ayers and, 262–69, 273–74

Booth and, 141–42, 144–45, 150, 156, 163, 167, 173, 182, 226, 370, 377

Boyte on, 79–81, 83–84, 136, 153–54, 170, 370, 377

CAP and, 133, 139–40, 146, 226

in Chicago, viii, 16, 23, 26, 36, 62, 69–70, 79, 85, 93–124, 126–29, 133, 138, 171, 180–81, 183–84, 211, 226, 244, 264–65, 280, 311–12, 319, 370, 387

C/LEC and, 133, 156, 158, 163

Dreier and, 45–51, 173, 197, 199, 252, 370, 375

education and, 98–101, 103–4, 118–24, 135, 175, 274, 278

electoral politics and, 21–22, 29, 37, 43–47, 50, 56, 58, 67, 116, 132, 137, 373

Fisher on, 81–82, 149

foundations and, 276–78, 280–83, 285–87, 289–90, 293–94, 311, 373–74

functions of, 21–22, 358–59

hot town strategy for, 266–70

IPAC and, 165, 187

Jackson’s presidential campaigns and, 66–67

job training and, 104–10, 115, 118

of King, 70–71

landfill expansion deal and, 117–18, 122–23, 208

long-term strategy for, 46–47, 50

McKnight and, 124–26, 135, 181–82, 185, 275, 279, 281

Marable on, 55–56

Midwest Academy and, 11, 14, 36, 48, 79, 83, 128, 132–33, 136–38, 140, 143, 145–51, 154, 158, 160–62, 170, 173–74, 176, 178, 180, 186, 188, 198, 261, 362, 364–65, 374, 377

Miller and, 84, 367–68

NAM and, 143–45, 147–49, 154

on nuclear weapons policy, 36–37

Obama’s involvement in, vii–viii, 1, 5, 7, 10–11, 14–16, 21–26, 29, 36–38, 43–44, 48, 50–51, 56, 58–62, 69–72, 77, 79–81, 84–87, 90, 94–97, 101–24, 126–29, 132, 135–37, 140, 160, 165, 171–75, 177–81, 184, 186, 188, 192, 199, 207–9, 211, 214, 219, 227, 252, 255, 258, 274–77, 279, 299, 303, 308, 311–12, 314, 324–26, 334, 356, 358–59, 361, 365, 370, 372–75, 379, 383, 387–89

Popular Front and, 153–54

Public Allies and, 183–86

socialism and, vii–viii, 3, 5, 9–11, 16, 35–38, 45–47, 50, 59–62, 80–83, 85–87, 102, 109–10, 121, 125, 127–29, 136–39, 141, 147, 149, 151, 153–54, 174, 180, 185–86, 188, 191–92, 198, 255, 272, 281, 338, 356, 358–60, 365–66, 377, 379, 383, 387, 389

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 22, 29, 33, 35–37, 44, 56, 58, 68, 87, 90, 173, 199, 252, 369

stealth in, vii–viii, 62, 80, 82–84, 153, 198, 267

training of, 101–2, 113–15, 125, 132, 138, 140–41, 144–48, 167, 180–82, 184–86, 188–89, 311–12, 319, 361, 374

of UNO, 93–104, 113–24, 127

VISTA and, 162–63

Washington and, 38, 40, 49, 104–6, 108, 110, 112, 115, 119–21

Weather Underground and, 264–67, 269–71

see also Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now, The

“Community Organizing in the Eighties” (McKnight and Kretzmann), 124–25

Community Reinvestment Act (CRA), 125, 195, 211–13, 215–16, 230, 232, 234–35, 252–54, 278–79

Community Renewal Society (CRS), 194, 225–26

Comprehensive Employment Training Act (CETA), 107

Cone, James H., 301–6

black liberation theology of, 7, 56–57, 64, 69, 71–72, 226, 301–2, 305, 310

Cuba visited by, 73, 226, 305–6, 308–9

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 7, 69, 71–73, 76, 305–6, 310

Wright and, 7, 56, 64, 69, 301, 303, 305–6, 308–11

Congress, U.S., 21, 133, 160, 162, 167, 174, 238, 245, 335, 351, 364

ACORN and, 214–15, 217, 231, 234, 253–54, 377

C/LEC and, 157–58

Evans and, 164, 166

health care and, 187, 362

IPAC and, 163–64

Obama’s presidency and, 374, 389

welfare and, 197, 254

see also House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.

Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC), 86

Conyers, John, 52, 55

Corporate Democracy Act, 160, 240, 376–77

Cott, Jean Pierre, 37

Creamer, Day, 140–42, 144–45

Creamer, Robert “Bob”:

IPAC and, 135, 163, 167, 186–87

Midwest Academy and, 135, 145, 162–63, 165, 186–88, 363, 374

Cuba, viii, 3, 33, 126, 265

foundation funding and, 276, 279, 281

Jackson and, 67, 72–76, 306

Wright’s visits to, 73–77, 226, 305–6, 308–10

Daley, Richard, 262–63

Davidson, Carl, 243, 268, 290

Davis, Frank Marshall, 54, 90, 387

Communist Party membership of, 87, 92, 96

in Dreams from My Father, 95–96

Obama’s radicalism and, 10, 16

Del Banco, Doreen, 48–49

Delgado, Gary, 199–200, 207, 212

Delk, Yvonne V., 194, 225–26

Dellums, Ronald, 41, 46, 55

Democratic Left, 26–28, 34, 45, 159, 201

Democratic National Convention, 269, 299, 337

democratic socialism, 8, 38, 55–57, 67, 139, 141, 180, 305–6

community organizing and, 82, 149, 188, 201

of King, 69–71, 84, 306

Midwest Academy and, 133, 147

NAM and, 143, 148

and socialism from below, 375–77

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 32–34, 306

Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee (DSOC):

ACORN and, 201–2

Boyte and, 149, 151, 153, 155, 159–60, 170

C/LEC and, 156–59

Harrington and, 39, 134, 147, 149, 151, 153, 156, 158–60, 167, 170, 202, 357

merger of NAM and, 39, 52, 134, 151, 153, 155, 167, 170

Midwest Academy and, 134, 147

Democratic Socialists of America (DSA), 14, 52–53, 79, 125–26, 167–70, 172–74, 190, 197, 243, 247, 279, 290, 362, 376

black liberation theology and, 56–57, 64, 71–72

Boyte and, 153, 155, 170

CA and, 168–70, 174

community organizing and, 36, 44–45, 48–49, 52, 58, 67, 70, 125, 128, 334

Harrington and, 31, 33–36, 39, 53, 56–58, 64–67, 71, 83, 136, 305, 377

IPAC and, 164, 167

Jackson’s presidential campaigns and, 66–67

Midwest Academy and, 134, 136, 167, 174, 185–86

minorities and, 58, 64–65, 67, 69

New Party and, 196, 210, 239, 241–42, 257, 333–34

Obama’s ties to, 4, 26, 62–65, 90, 333–36, 338

Occidental College presence of, 89–90

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 3–4, 26–28, 31, 44, 58, 62–63, 69, 71, 73

voter registration and, 49–50

Washington and, 40–41, 64, 172

Democrats, Democratic Party, 15, 152–53, 164, 182, 187, 333, 338–39, 347

ACORN and, 195, 200–202, 213, 231

C/LEC and, 157–58

community organizing and, 49, 93, 106–7

DSOC and, 134, 155, 160, 357

Harrington and, 32, 39–40

health care and, 13, 362–63, 385

Illinois fiscal crisis and, 350–51, 361, 364

Jackson’s presidential campaigns and, 66–67

Midwest Academy and, 132–33, 176–77, 190, 201

New Party and, 196, 236–37, 239–42, 244–46, 256–57

Obama’s presidency and, 356–57, 374, 383–84, 389

voter registration and, 4, 51, 225, 227

Washington’s mayoral campaigns and, 38–39, 41, 47, 49

welfare and, 197, 254

Denitch, Bogdan, 58–59

dependency theory, 78, 306

Detroit, Mich., 266, 270–71

Developing Communities Project (DCP), 165, 181, 194, 208–9, 228, 243

asbestos battle and, 111–16

community organizing of, 94, 97, 103–16, 118–24, 208, 274

finances of, 277, 288

on job training center, 105–10, 115

landfill expansion deal and, 118, 122–23, 208

school reform and, 119–24, 274

De Zutter, Hank, 324–25

Dohrn, Bernardine, 126, 189, 265, 284, 330

foundations and, 275–76, 291–92, 341, 343, 346

on juvenile crime, 291–92, 340–44

Weather Underground and, 131, 268, 273

Doing Justice (Jacobsen), 127–28

Donaldson, Ivanhoe, 34

Dreams from My Father (Obama), 9–10, 21–26, 38, 43, 141, 183

on al-Shabazz, 109–11

on asbestos battle, 111–12, 114–16

on community organizing, 21–23, 69, 85, 94–97, 101, 103–7, 109–10, 114, 117–19, 122–23, 128, 370, 375

name changes in, 95–96, 106, 328

on Occidental years, 89–91

on Socialist Scholars Conferences, 25–26, 29, 59, 64, 85–86, 96–97

on Wright, 306, 309

Dreier, Peter, 55, 360, 369–70

ACORN and, 45, 195, 197–200, 214, 230–31, 255, 259

community organizing and, 45–51, 173, 197, 199, 252, 370, 375

Midwest Academy and, 173–74, 195, 214

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 45, 48, 173, 199, 252, 369, 386

Drew, John C., 9–10, 88–90

Drizin, Steven A., 340–41

DuBois, W. E. B., 54, 91

economics, economy, 2, 4–6, 12, 18, 41, 43, 52, 58–60, 70, 78, 139, 154, 159, 164, 166, 179, 226, 267, 300, 307, 313–14, 383, 386

ACORN and, 191–93, 195, 199–200, 210, 238–39

black churches and, 325–26

CA and, 168, 366

C/LEC and, 156–57

community organizing and, 45, 47, 59, 125–26

crises in, viii, 47, 125, 191–93, 195, 199–200, 210–15, 219, 231, 234–35, 254–55, 294, 350–51, 359–61, 363–64, 384

financial reform and, 135, 376–77

health care and, 5, 358, 361, 363, 365

Midwest Academy and, 137, 151, 170, 174

nationalizations and, 35, 60, 160, 238–39, 375–79

New Party and, 239–40

Obama’s communitarianism and, 368–69

Obama’s presidency and, 365–67, 369, 379–82, 384

Obama’s state senatorial campaigns and, 334–35

Reagan on, 48, 50, 54

stimulus package for, 359, 364, 384

voter registration and, 51, 225

Edsall, Thomas B., 382–83, 385

education, 339, 350, 373

ACORN and, 119, 196, 235–36, 256, 284–85, 289–90

Afro-centric, 119, 235, 285, 288, 324, 326

Ayers and, 17, 120, 123–24, 135, 196, 235, 256, 261–64, 272–75, 281, 284–85, 287–89, 291, 293, 326, 340

community organizing and, 98–101, 103–4, 118–24, 135, 175, 274, 278

foundations and, 256, 261, 274, 276, 278, 281, 284–85, 287–91, 293

mini-schools and, 196, 235–36, 284–85, 288–89, 291

New Party on, 237–38

school reform and, 118–24, 135, 175, 274–76, 281, 290

Weather Underground and, 264, 266, 270–72

Wright and, 119–21, 262, 315–17, 319, 324, 326

Egan, John J., 102

Ehrenreich, Barbara, 44, 241

electoral politics, 41, 152, 156, 166, 200, 225, 331, 339, 369–70, 381, 386

CA and, 168, 174

community organizing and, 21–22, 29, 37, 43–47, 50, 56, 58, 67, 116, 132, 137, 373

DSA and, 39, 67

IPAC and, 133, 163–64

Midwest Academy and, 132, 137, 154, 160–61, 163–64, 176–77, 240

NAM and, 39, 148

see also voter registration

Emanuel, Rahm, 135, 165, 360

Emmons, David, 139–40

energy, 5, 201, 365

cap-and-trade plan for, 157, 240, 379–80

C/LEC and, 133, 156–60, 162–63, 167, 187, 236, 362

Obama’s presidency and, 366, 379–80

Evans, Lane, 133, 135, 164–67, 176

Factcheck.org, 220, 222

Fannie Mae, 253–55, 377–78

ACORN and, 195, 210–11, 216–18, 231–33, 253, 255

Federal Home Loan District Banks, 213

feminism, 9, 30, 133, 140–42, 150, 156, 366

financial reform, 135, 376–77

Fisher, Robert, 81–82, 149

Flowers, Mary E., 337

Foer, Franklin, 379–81

foreign affairs, 2, 174–76, 366–67

CA and, 168, 174–75, 366

Jackson’s presidential campaigns and, 66–67

Obama’s studies on, 24–25

Wright on, 322–23, 327

Foulkes, Toni, 258

FOX News, 300–301, 372

Frank, Barney, 12–13, 213

Freddie Mac, 254–55, 377–78

ACORN and, 195, 210–11, 216–17, 231–33, 255

“From Reformer to Revolutionary” (Garrow), 69–71

Fugitive Days (Ayers), 270, 344–45

Galluzzo, Greg, 118, 135, 176, 386

community organizing and, 94–97, 99, 101, 113–15, 140, 165, 358, 365

Gamaliel Foundation and, 95, 127–28, 178, 281

UNO and, 94–97, 99, 101, 113–15, 165, 178, 187, 232, 280–81

Gamaliel Foundation, 95, 127–28, 178, 277, 281, 300, 326

community organizing and, 127, 181, 370–71, 374

Gardner, Joseph, 225–27

Project Vote and, 194, 225–26, 242, 247

Garrow, David, 69–71

General Motors (GM), 5, 375–76

Gonzales, Mary, 122, 135

UNO and, 95–97, 99, 115, 118, 165, 232, 280–81

Gordon, Max, 152

Gore, Al, 339

Gorz, Andre, 144, 147, 241

ACORN and, 195, 198–99

on non-reformist reforms, 46, 48, 55, 147, 198

Grimshaw, Jacky, 249, 282

Midwest Academy and, 135, 185–86, 244

Public Allies and, 184–86, 244

GSE Act, 195, 217

Guardian, 4, 41–42, 44, 55–56, 67

Guinier, Lani, 331

Hallett, Anne, 120, 276–78, 284–85, 289, 291

Hallett, Stanley, 276–79, 281

Hamid, Wahid, 88–89

Harkin, Tom, 362–63

Harrington, Michael, 86, 367

black liberation theology and, 56–57, 64

C/LEC and, 156, 159

DSA and, 31, 33–36, 39, 53, 56–58, 64–67, 71, 83, 136, 305, 377

DSOC and, 39, 134, 147, 149, 151, 153, 156, 158–60, 167, 170, 202, 357

realignment strategy of, 39–40, 49, 384–86

socialism of, 31–32, 34–36, 39–40, 49, 136, 164, 177, 377, 384–86

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 31–36, 68, 386

Harvard University, 73, 81, 122–24, 182

Harwell, Carol, 257–58

Project Vote and, 196, 248–51

Health & Medicine, 126

health care, 55, 142, 167, 190, 201, 205, 237, 294, 357–63

community organizing and, 45, 100, 118, 126

Creamer and, 187–88

McKnight and, 14, 124, 126, 185, 281

Obama on, 5–6, 12–14, 126, 157, 187–88, 332, 349, 351, 358–63, 365–68, 371–72, 380, 382, 385–86, 389

public option for, 12–13, 135, 157, 187, 362–63, 365, 380

repeal of, 385–86

single-payer, 5–6, 12–14, 126, 351, 357, 362, 365, 371

universal, 332, 351, 363, 385

Hershenov, Eileen, 80

Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, 213, 216

hot town strategy, 266–70

House of Representatives, U.S., 162, 164, 333, 363

ACORN and, 202–3, 213, 217, 224

Obama’s campaign for, 334–35, 338–39, 346

see also Congress, U.S.

housing, 118, 195–96, 311

ACORN and, 45, 139, 192–93, 195, 206–18, 229, 231–35, 252–55, 280, 377

squatting and, 195, 206–7, 280

subprime lending and, 192–93, 195, 206, 209–12, 214–15, 217–18, 229, 234–35, 252–55, 278, 377–78

How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America (Marable), 53–54

Hoyt, Joshua, 282, 294

Human SERVE, 79, 196, 227, 251–52

Hurricane Katrina, 315–16

Hyde Park, Ill., 175, 189, 339

as Obama’s adoptive home, 9, 13–14

Obama’s state senatorial campaigns and, 25, 335–36

Hyde Park Herald, 336, 338–39, 347–48, 350

Illinois, 319

ACORN and, 196, 204–5, 208, 210, 214–15, 219–22, 224, 238–39, 241, 256

fiscal crisis in, 294, 350–51, 361, 364

health care in, 294, 351, 361–62

juvenile crime bill in, 261, 292

New Party and, 243, 246, 256

Project Vote in, 186, 194, 196, 205, 209, 219–25, 227–28, 230–31, 236, 242, 244, 247–51, 311, 370, 385, 387–88

Illinois Public Action Council (IPAC), 163–69, 172–73, 175, 247, 360

CA and, 133, 163–65, 168–69, 187

Creamer and, 135, 163, 167, 186–87

immigrants, 94, 98–99, 101

Inside Obama’s Brain (Abramsky), 125, 172, 181, 186, 303

integrationist assimilation, 324, 337

In These Times, 27, 41–42, 48, 134, 149–50, 164, 172–73, 381

Iraq War, 290, 322–23

Israel, 67, 253, 322, 346

Issa, Darrell, 202–3, 224, 234

Jackson, George, 272

Jackson, Jesse, 194, 226

Cuba and, 67, 72–76, 306

presidential campaigns of, 65–69, 72–73

Jacobsen, Dennis, 127–28

Jews, 67–68, 103, 105, 109, 111

job training, 104–10, 115, 118

Johnson, Lyndon, 197, 254

and War on Poverty, 31–32, 161

Jones, Emil, 106, 350

Judis, John B., 149–50, 381–82

juvenile justice, 271–74, 349

Ayers on, 261, 264, 272–74, 276, 292–93, 340–46

blended sentencing and, 343–44

Dohrn on, 291–92, 340–44

Karanja, Sokoni, 311–14

foundation work of, 282, 285, 311–12, 314

Wright and, 228, 282, 285, 312–13, 319

Kaufman, Marty, 107, 127–28

Kelleher, Keith, 242–50

ACORN and, 228, 230, 249–50

New Party and, 242–46

Progressive Chicago and, 196, 243–45, 250–51

Project Vote and, 194, 196, 205, 223–25, 227, 230, 248–50

SEIU and, 194, 205, 223, 225, 227, 248–49

Kellman, Jerry, 95–97, 181

community organizing and, 95, 97, 101, 116, 121, 138, 365

on Wright, 308, 310, 314

Kendall, Jackie, 135, 167, 180, 183–86, 188–89, 214, 244

Khalidi, Rashid, 346

Kind and Just Parent, A (Ayers), 340–45

King, Martin Luther, Jr., 42, 91, 306–7, 337

BTP’s Cuba visit and, 73–75

democratic socialism of, 69–71, 84, 306

Kirsch, Vanessa, 182

Kitambi, Obasi A., 307

Kretzmann, John “Jody,” 278–79, 303

community organizing and, 124–25, 135, 185, 281

foundation work of, 276, 282

New Party and, 242–43

Public Allies and, 135, 184–86

Kruglik, Mike, 95, 128, 181

landfill expansion deal, 117–18, 122–23, 208

Lee, Daniel, 105–6, 122

Let the People Decide (Fisher), 81–82, 149

Leyton, Milagros, 175

Limbaugh, Rush, 372

Lizza, Ryan, 85–86, 373

Los Angeles, Calif., rioting in, 225

Loury, Glen C., 73

Lugenia Burns Hope Center, 311–12

McCain, John, 17–18, 90, 219–20, 222, 248, 258, 295, 368, 371

McComb Community College, 271

Mac Donald, Heather, 347–48

McKnight, John L., 16, 124–27, 190, 275–76, 278–79

community organizing and, 124–26, 135, 181–82, 185, 275, 279, 281

health care and, 14, 124, 126, 185, 281

Swedish welfare state and, 14, 126–27, 185

McNary, William, 135, 173

Malcolm X, 91, 302–3, 311

“Many messages for Marxists from Chicago mayoral race” (Marable), 55–56

Marable, Manning, 53–56, 58, 66

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 53, 55–56, 241

Martí, José, 3

Marx, Karl, viii, 86

Boyte and, 154–55

Midwest Academy and, 147, 154

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 2–5, 26–27, 29–30, 34–36, 68

strategy and tactics of, 7–8

Marxism-Leninism, 10, 42, 67, 82, 107, 148, 188

Marxists, Marxism, 4–5, 41, 71–78, 126, 136, 141, 146, 152–53, 157, 175, 194, 196, 227, 240–41, 267–68, 290, 313, 335, 382

ACORN and, 195, 198

Ayers and, 262, 345

black liberation theology and, 7, 56–57, 71–75, 305

community organizing and, 5, 46, 198, 280

dependency theory in, 78, 306

DSA and, 65, 243

Jackson’s presidential campaigns and, 66–67

Midwest Academy and, 189, 363

in Nicaragua, 65, 67, 74, 280

Obama’s radicalism and, 9–10

Obama’s socialism and, 88–91

Socialist Scholars Conferences and, 30, 32, 36, 43, 52–53, 55–57

welfare and, 197–98

Max, Steve, 173, 367

Midwest Academy and, 131–33, 135, 137–38, 140, 142–43, 145–49, 151–53, 168–71, 176, 180, 214, 363

Mendell, David, 77, 309, 320

middle class, 54–55, 155, 179, 200, 225, 302–4, 324

community organizing and, 98, 119–20, 138

Wright on, 55, 303, 308, 310

Midwest Academy, 122, 131–90, 194–95, 300–301, 335, 362–65, 373–77, 380

ACORN and, 132, 192, 200–201, 228, 259

Ayers and, 261, 263, 276

Booth and, 131–33, 137–43, 145, 147–49, 153, 156, 162, 165–67, 170–71, 176, 178, 180, 183–84, 186, 188–90, 228, 244, 363, 377

Boyte and, 83, 131–33, 135–38, 140, 142–43, 148, 151–55, 160, 170–71, 176–77, 363, 368, 371, 374

CA and, 48, 79, 168–69, 176, 187, 363

CHD and, 179–80

C/LEC and, 156, 158–59

Committee of Correspondence and, 151–52

community organizing and, 11, 14, 36, 48, 79, 83, 128, 132–33, 136–38, 140, 143, 145–51, 154, 158, 160–62, 170, 173–74, 176, 178, 180, 186, 188, 198, 261, 362, 364–65, 374, 377

Creamer and, 135, 145, 162–63, 165, 186–88, 363, 374

electoral politics and, 132, 137, 154, 160–61, 163–64, 176–77, 240

foundations and, 172, 178, 261, 275–76, 278–82, 290, 293, 373–74

IPAC and, 163, 165, 167, 247

Kendall and, 135, 167, 180, 183–86, 188–89, 214, 244

NAM and, 133–34, 136, 143, 147–51, 170

New Party and, 239–40

Obama’s ties to, 11, 14, 48–49, 83, 132, 135–36, 146, 160, 165–66, 171–73, 175–77, 180–82, 186, 188–90, 239, 329, 356, 363, 365, 369–70, 373–74, 376, 387

Project Vote and, 135, 370

Public Allies and, 132, 135, 182–85, 282

socialism and, 14, 48–49, 83, 120, 132–34, 136–39, 143, 146–48, 151–52, 160, 169, 171, 174, 176, 179, 188–90, 227–28, 244, 264, 281, 325, 363, 368, 376, 387

summer retreats of, 166, 175–77, 180, 188, 280

VISTA and, 161–63

Miller, S. M., 84, 367–68

minorities, 29, 39, 64–69, 225–26, 331–32, 337, 357

ACORN and, 212, 215

Ayers and, 274, 288–89

community organizing and, 43–44, 50, 59, 119–20

DSA and, 58, 64–65, 67, 69

Obama’s presidency and, 367, 383, 386

in racial profiling, 347–48

voter registration and, 50–51, 384

Washington and, 40, 42, 59, 64

Montes, Mary Ellen, 117–18, 208

Moseley Braun, Carol, 223–24, 228–31

Motor-Voter law, 196, 210, 219–20, 243, 248, 251–52, 256

Mottet, Marvin, 179

Muriel, Hugo, 100

Nader, Ralph, 46, 79–81, 150, 339

National Welfare Rights Organization (NWRO), 195, 197–98, 227

New American Movement (NAM), 147–55, 172, 201, 247, 381

community organizing and, 143–45, 147–49, 154

merger of DSOC and, 39, 52, 134, 151, 153, 155, 167, 170

Midwest Academy and, 133–34, 136, 143, 147–51, 170

Washington’s mayoral campaigns and, 39, 47

Newman, Sanford, 194, 220–24, 244, 248–49

New Party, 236–48, 376, 380

ACORN and, 17, 196, 198, 203, 210, 236, 238–39, 241–43, 245, 248, 259, 333–34

Obama’s ties to, 196, 210, 236–38, 240, 242–48, 251–52, 256–58, 290, 333–34

platform of, 237–40

Progressive Chicago and, 196, 242–45, 247–48, 250–51

New York, 176, 198, 215, 229, 237–38, 380

Obama’s years in, 1–3, 9–10, 14, 16, 25–28, 30, 44, 61–64, 68, 72, 77–79, 84, 87, 89–90, 92, 128–29, 170–71, 173, 188, 303, 306, 356

New York Public Interest Research Group (NYPIRG), 79–80, 85, 173

New York Times, 1, 11, 64, 116, 165, 221–23, 296, 329–30, 341

Nicaragua, 126, 175, 279–81

Marxism in, 65, 67, 74, 280

Nichols, John, 257

9/11, Wright on, 300, 321–23, 327

non-reformist reforms (transitional reforms), 46, 48, 55, 147, 198–200, 355–56, 362, 377

Northwestern University, 124, 181–82, 185, 276, 278–79, 281

Children and Family Justice Center at, 291–92, 340–41

nuclear power, nuclear weapons, 2, 11, 24, 34, 36–37, 156

“Nudge-ocracy” (Foer and Scheiber), 379–81

Obama, Barack, Jr.:

ambitions of, 22–23, 38, 115, 121, 209, 344, 370

bipartisanship of, 6, 9, 352

charisma of, 369–71, 374

coalition of, 43, 382–83, 385–86

enemies targeted by, 372

finances of, 24, 77, 177–78, 180, 276–77, 311, 314, 387

foundation work of, 17, 135, 172, 175, 177, 196, 256, 261, 264, 273–96, 308, 311–12, 314, 326–27, 329, 341, 343–46, 373–74, 387–88

good-cop veneer of, 353, 388

heritage of, 10, 22, 24–25, 43, 103

law practice of, 196, 210–11, 219–20, 230–31, 243–48, 251–52, 256, 286, 325

memoirs of, 9–10, 21–26, 29, 38, 43, 59, 64, 68–69, 77, 84–87, 89–91, 94–97, 101, 103–7, 109–12, 114–19, 122–23, 127–28, 141, 183, 306, 309, 328, 370, 375

moderate image of, 9, 289, 291, 294, 297, 308, 331, 381, 385

political convictions of, vii–viii, 1, 6, 10, 14, 16, 18, 61, 190, 237, 262, 331–32, 334–35, 337, 340, 387–89

pragmatism of, 6, 9–10, 13–14, 86, 89, 331–32, 353, 356, 359, 362, 364, 380, 385

presidency of, 338, 351, 355–86, 389

presidential campaign of, 1, 6, 12, 15, 17–18, 26, 49, 62, 64, 77, 86, 89–90, 116–19, 124, 135, 160, 165, 171–72, 174, 185, 187, 192, 194, 196, 218–23, 230, 236–37, 247–48, 251–52, 256, 258–59, 262, 284, 286, 294–97, 299, 303, 308–9, 311, 314, 320–22, 327–30, 338–39, 352–53, 368, 370–72, 374, 380, 386–87

radicalism of, 9–14, 16–18, 72, 109, 237, 259, 280, 286, 310, 330, 332–36, 340, 346, 351–53, 355–56, 363, 366, 373–74, 387

realignment strategy of, 384–85

school years of, 1–2, 9–10, 15–16, 18, 21, 23–25, 28, 62–63, 77–78, 87–92, 96, 119, 121–24, 135, 182, 185, 188, 211, 214, 279, 308, 329, 356, 387

secrecy of, 1, 11, 17, 30, 61, 64, 77, 90, 94–97, 109, 112, 132, 172, 297, 328–29, 387–88

State of the Union Address of, 372

teaching career of, 329–31, 333–34

voracious reading of, 41–42, 44, 53–54, 61–62, 69, 72, 80–81, 84–86, 170–71, 188

Obama, Barack, Sr., 10, 91–92

Obama, Michelle, 281, 343–45

Midwest Academy and, 83, 136–37, 146, 181–83, 186, 189