At their 1961 summit in Vienna, Khrushchev warned Kennedy against deploying U.S. nuclear weapons in countries near the Soviet Union. But by August 1962, Kennedy deployed fifteen Jupiter missiles in Turkey with hydrogen warheads only fifteen minutes from Moscow. Within weeks of the start of Jupiter deployment, Khrushchev planned to slip nuclear weapons into Cuba. When Kennedy secretly agreed to get rid of the Jupiters in Turkey, Khrushchev pulled the Soviet missiles and sixty nuclear warheads out of Cuba. (National Archives and Records Administration)