Index

A

ABCD ships, 60–61
Abraham Lincoln (USN carrier), 120
Adams, John, 6, 15–16, 62
Adams-Onís Treaty (1819), 42
Afghanistan War (2001-present), 112–14
African-American sailors
In 19th century, 41
In Civil War, 48–49
In 20th century, 7, 108–9, 116–17
African Squadron, 39–40
aircraft carriers, 77–78, 80, 83–5, 97 See also individual ships
al Qaeda, 114
Alabama (CSN steamer), 52
Alfred (Cont. Navy frigate), 7
Algiers
in Barbary Wars, 13–14, 18, 32
in World War II, 84
Alliance (Cont. Navy frigate), 12
American Revolution, 1–11
amphibious operations
At Vera Cruz, 43–4
In the Mediterranean, 87
In the Pacific, 89–92, 94, 95
In Korea, 100–2
Anaconda Plan, 47–48
Annapolis. See Naval Academy
Arnold, Benedict (Amer. General), 4–5, 24
arms limitation treaties See Washington Treaty
Articles of Confederation, 12
atomic bombs, 96
Austerlitz, Battle of (1805), 20

B

B-36 controversy. See Defense Unification
Bainbridge, William (USN officer), 27
Barbary Wars (1801–5), 13–15, 18–19
Barclay, Robert H. (RN officer), 30
Barney, Joshua (USN officer), 29
Barron, James (USN officer), 21
Battle of the Atlantic (1940–45), 86–87
Battle of the Capes (1781), 10–11
battleships, 62, 68–70, 79, 83, 88, 97, 110–11 See also individual ships
Belvidera (RN frigate), 25
Benson, William S. (first CNO), 71
Betsy (British merchant ship), 7
Biddle, James (USN officer), 36
Birmingham (USN cruiser), 83
Black American sailors. See African-American sailors
Board of Navy Commissioners, 32–33, 71
Bonhomme Richard (Cont. Navy frigate), 7–8, 17
Boston, siege of (1775), 1–2
Bradley, Omar (USA general), 94
Broke, Philip (RN officer), 28–29
Brown, Charles R. (USN officer), 104
Buchanan, Franklin (CSN officer), 50–51
Bush, George H. W., 113
Bush, George W., 114

C

Canada
In Amer. Rev., 3–4
In War of 1812, 24–25, 31
Cape St. George (USN guided missile cruiser), 115
Carter, James Earl “Jimmy”, 110
Cassin, Stephen (USN officer), 36
Cervera, Pascual (Spanish admiral), 66
Champlain, Lake, 3–4
China and the Chinese Navy, 118
Civil War (1861–65), 47–56
blockade, 47–48
river war, 53–54
Chesapeake (USN frigate),
and Leopard affair, 21, 24
In War of 1812, 28
Clinton, William “Bill”, 120
Cold War, 97–108, 111–12
Cole (USN guided missile destroyer), 115
Columbia (USN frigate), 38
Comfort (USN hospital ship), 121
commerce raiding
in Amer. Rev., 2, 9–10
in War of 1812, 29
in the Civil War, 51–53
in World War I, 72
in World War II, 86–87 See also privateers
Congress (USN frigate), 50
Connor, David (USN officer), 43
Constellation (USN frigate), 16–17
Constellation (USN sloop of 1853), 47
Constellation (USN carrier), 109
Continental Congress, 5
Continental Navy, 5–8, 10, 12
convoys, 73, 82
Coral Sea, Battle of (1942), 83
Cornwallis, Charles (British general), 11
Cuba, 59–60, 64–65, 66
Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), 105–6
Cumberland (USN frigate), 50

D

D-Day (invasion of Europe), 93–95
Dale, Richard (USN officer), 18–19
Daniels, Josephus (Secy. of Navy), 42, 76
De Grasse, J. P. Comte (French admiral), 10–11
Decatur, Stephen (USN officer), 19, 28, 29, 32
defense unification, 98–99
Denfeld, Louis (USN CNO), 98–99
Detroit, 26
Dewey, George (USN admiral), 65–66
Doolittle raid (1942), 83
Downes, John (USN officer), 37
Downie, John (RN officer), 30–31
Diggo, John (Amer. seaman), 24
Drake (RN frigate), 7
Dreadnaught (RN battleship), 69, 71

E

Eads, James Buchanan (Amer. ship designer), 53
Eisenhower, Dwight (USA general), 93
Ely, Eugene (USN officer pilot), 83
Endymion (RN frigate), 29, 32
enlisted sailors
health of, 16
uniforms of, 33
demographics of, 41, 61, 78, 116–17, 119
punishment of, 41–42
training of, 60, 119
and reform, 41–42, 108–9
Ericsson, John (inventor), 46, 49–50
Essex-class carriers, 88
Exploration by U.S. Navy, 40

F

Fajardo, Puerto Rico, incident at, 37
Farragut, David G. (USN officer), 36, 54
illus., 55
Filipino sailors, 78
Fiske, Bradley (USN officer and reformer), 71
Flamborough Head, Battle of (1779), 7–9
Fort Henry in Civil War, 53
Fort Fisher, see Wilmington
Fox, Josiah (ship designer), 14
Franklin, Benjamin, 7
French Revolution, 15
Friendship (Amer. merchant ship), 37
Frigates
described, 3
in Amer. Rev., 5–6
in Barbary Wars, 13–15, 18–19
in Quai War, 16–17
in War of 1812, 26–28
in war against pirates, 36
illus., 17
Frolic (RN sloop), 28
Fry, Joseph, 59–60
fuel, 69–70

G

GAME WARDEN (Vietnam), 107–8
General Board of the Navy, 71
George Washington (USN sub), 99
Gerald R. Ford (USN carrier), 111
Glover, John (Rev. War officer), 1–2
Gonzalez (USN destroyer), 115–16
Graves, Thomas (RN admiral), 11
guerre de course. See commerce raiding
Guerriére (RN frigate), 24, 27
Great White Fleet (1907–9), 68–70
Greer (USN destroyer), 82
grog ration, 42
Groznyy (Russian transport), 105
Guadalcanal, naval battles of (1942–43), 85–86
Gulf of Tonkin Incident (1964), 106
gunboats, 22–23, 29–30
illus., 17
gunnery. See ordnance

H

H. L. Hunley (Confed. sub), 51
Hall, John Lesslie (USN admiral), 94
Halsey, William “Bull” (USN admiral), 92–93
Hampton Roads, Battle of (1862), 50–51
Hancock (Cont. Navy frigate), 6
Hannah (Rev. War schooner), 1–2
Harding, Warren G., 76
Harrison, William H. (USA general), 30
Hatteras (USN steamer), 52
Hartford (USN steamer), 55
Hay, John (Secy. of State), 64
Hewitt, H. Kent (USN admiral), 87, 94
Hopkins, Esek (Cont. Navy officer), 7
Hornet (USN sloop), 28
Hornet (USN carrier), 83
Housatonic (USN steamer), 51
Howe, Richard (RN admiral), 3
Howe, William (British general), 2–3
Hughes, Charles Evans (Secy. of State), 76–77
Hull, Isaac (USN officer), 27
Humphreys, Joshua (ship designer), 14, 33
Hunley, See H. L. Hunley
Hussein, Saddam, 112, 114

I

Inchon, landing at (1950), 100–2
Map 101
Independence-class carriers, 88
impressment of Amer. sailors, 20–21, 24
I’surgente (French frigate), 17
Indiana (USN battleship), 62, 73, 111
Inflexible (British sloop), 4
Iowa-class battleships, 110–110
Iraq War (2001-present), 112–13
Isis (RN frigate), 6
Iwo Jima (1945), 95

J

Jack, E.A. (CSN sailor), 50
Jackson, Andrew, 32
Java (RN frigate), 27
Jay’s Treaty (1795), 15
Jefferson, Thomas
and the embargo, 20–21
and the gunboats, 21–22
John Adams (USN sloop), 38
Johnston, Louis (Secy. of Defense), 98
Jones, John Paul (Cont. Navy officer), 6–9, 11, 18
illus., 8
Joshan (Iranian patrol boat), 113
Jutland, Battle of (1916), 72

K

kamikazes in World War II, 95
Karamanli, Hamet, 19
Karamanli, Yusuf (bashaw of Tripoli), 18–19
Kearny (USN destroyer), 81
Kearsarge (USN steamer), 52
Kennedy, John F., 105
King, Ernest J. (USN admiral and CNO), 82
Kinkaid, Thomas (USN admiral), 92–93
Kirk, Alan G. (USN admiral), 94
Kitty Hawk (USN carrier), 109
Korea
U.S. expedition to (1871), 59
Korean War (1950–53), 100–103
map, 101

L

Lake Borgne, Battle of (1814), 30
Lake Champlain
in Amer. Rev., 3–5
in War of 1812, 30
Lake Erie, Battle of (1813), 30
illus., 31
Landing Ship Tank (LST), 87, 94
Langley (USN carrier), 82
Lawrence, James (USN officer), 27–28, 31
Lebanaon (1958), 104
Lee (Rev. War schooner), 2
Leopard (RN frigate), 20–21, 24
Lend Lease program, 81
letter of marque. See privateers
Lexington (USN carrier), 78, 84
Leyte Gulf, Battle of (1944), 92–93
Liberty (USN intl. ship), 104–5
Liberty ships (WW II), 88
Lincoln, Abraham, 48, 54
Little Belt (RN sloop), 23–24
Lorraine, Lambdon (RN officer), 60
Luce, Stephen B. (USN officer), 61
Lusitania (British steamer), 72

M

MacArthur, Douglas (USA general), 89, 100–2
Macdonough, Thomas (USN officer), 31
McKinley, William, 63, 66
Macedonian (RN frigate), 27
Maddox (USN destroyer), 106
Madison, James, 24, 32
Magnifique (French ship of the line), 12
Mahan, Alfred T. (USN officer and writer), 62–63, 64, 65, 68, 79
Maine (USN battleship), 61–62, 64, 73
Mallory, Stephen R. (Confed. Navy Secy.), 49
Manila Bay, Battle of (1898), 65–66
illus. 65
Marines, U.S.
in Barbary Wars, 19
in Mexican War, 43–44
on Guadalcanal, 84–86
on Tarawa, 89, 92
on Iwo Jima, 95
on Okinawa, 95
in Korea, 100–2, map 101
in Afghanistan-Iraq, 114
women in the Marine corps, 75
MARKET TIME (Vietnam), 107
Marshall, George C. (USA general), 87
Maury, Matthew F. (USN officer), 39
Mediterranean Squadron, 35
Merrimack (USN steamer), 49
Mexican-American War (1846–48), 43–44
Michigan (USN battleship), 69
Middle East, 100–102
Midway
acquired by U.S. (1867), 58
Battle of (1942), 84, 88
mines, 54–55, 75
missile warfare. See technology
Missouri (USN battleship), 96, 111
Monitor (USN ironclad), 49–50
monitor-type warships, 51
Moon, Don P. (USN admiral), 94
Morris, Richard V. (USN officer), 19

N

Napoleon Bonaparte, 20, 31
Nashville (USN cruiser), 70
National Defense Reserve Fleet, 97
NATO, 103
Naval Academy, 40–41
Naval War College, 61, 78–79
NEPTUNE (invasion of Europe 1944), 93–94
New Hampshire (USN battleships), 69
New Jersey (USN battleship), 111
New Orleans, Battle of (1815), 32
Nimitz, Chester (USN admiral), 89
Niobe (RN warship), 60
Nurse Corps, 49, 78

O

Ohio-class subs, 97
oil replaces coal, 69–70
Okinawa, landings on (1945), 95
Old Ironsides. See Constitution
Oldendorf, Jesse (USN admiral), 93
ordnance, 47, 69, 86
Oregon (USN battleship), 62
OVERLORD (invasion of Europe 1944), 93–94

P

Packenham, Edward (British general), 32
Panama Canal, 68, 70–71
Potomac (USN frigate), 37–38
Peace of Paris. See Treaty of Paris
Peacock (RN sloop), 28
Peacock (USN sloop), 36
Pearl Harbor, attack on (1941), 82
Pearson, Richard (RN officer), 8–9
Pechell, Samuel (RN officer), 23
Pennsylvania (USN ship of the line), 33
Pennsylvania (USN battleship), 83
Penobscot, Maine, 6
People’s Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). See China
Perry, Matthew C. (USN officer)
and the African squadron, 39
and the Expedition to Japan, 40, 46, 59
in Mexican War, 43, 46
Perry, Oliver Hazard (USN officer), 29–30, 39
illus., 31
Philadelphia (USN frigate), 19
Philippine Sea, Battle of (1944), 92
piracy
in the Caribbean, 35–36
in South Asia, 37–38
off Somalia, 114 See also Barbary Wars
Plan Orange, 78–79
Polk, James K., 43
Port Royal, S.C., 54
Porter, David (USN officer), 37
Porter, David Dixon (USN officer), 54
PRAYING MANTIS (1988), 113
Preble, Edward (USN officer), 19, 21
President (USN frigate), 23, 29, 32
Princeton (USN steamer), 46
privateers
in Amer. Rev., 9–10
in War of 1812, 29
in the Caribbean, 35–36
Providence (Cont. Navy sloop), 7

Q

Quallah Batoo, incident at (1831), 37–38
Quasi War (1798–99), 15–16, 19–20

R

Radford, Arthur (VCNO), 98–99
Ramsay, Bertram (RN admiral), 93–94
Ranger (Cont. Navy ship), 7
Rattlesnake (RN steamer), 46
Reagan, Ronald, 110
Reuben James (USN destroyer), 82
Revolt of the Admirals (1947). See Defense Unification
Ridgeway, Matthew (USA general), 102
Rodgers, John, Sr. (USN officer), 23, 25–26
Rodgers, John, Jr. (USN officer), 59
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 79, 81–82, 87
Roosevelt, Theodore, 68, 70–71
Royal Navy, 24
in Amer. Rev., 1–3, 5–6, 10
in War of 1812, 25–31
and the slave trade, 38–39
in 21st century, 117

S

St. Leonard’s Creek, Battle of (1814), 29
Sampson, William T. (USN officer), 66
Samuel B. Roberts (USN guided missile frigate), 113, 115
Santiago, Battle of (1898), 66
Saratoga, Battle of (1777), 4, 7, 11
Saratoga (USN carrier), 79, 84
Scott, Winfield (US general), 43–44, 47–48
SEALS (Navy Sea, Air, Land teams), 116
Seminole War (1835–42), 42–43
Semmes, Raphael (CSN officer), 52
Serapis (RN frigate), 8–9
Shannon (RN frigate), 27–28
Shenandoah (CSN raider), 52
Sherman, William T. (USA general), 55
ships of the line, 33–34
described, 3
in Amer. Rev., 5–6,
in Quasi War, 16–17
opposition to, 20
illus., 17
Shufeldt, Robert W. (USN officer), 59
Sims, William S. (USN admiral), 73
Sixth Fleet (Med), 104
Skenesboro, NY, 4–5
slave trade, 38–39
South Carolina (USN battleship), 69
Spanish-American War (1898), 64–66
Stalin, Josef, 86
steam propulsion, 46–47, 69–70
Stoddert, Benjamin F. (Secy. of Navy), 16
Stribling, Cornelius (USN officer), 36
submarines
in Civil War, 51
in World War I, 71–73
in World War II, 81–82, 86–87, 95
in Cold War, 99–100
illus., 85
Susquehanna (USN steamer), 40

T

Tarawa, Battle for (1943), 89, 92
technology, 119
in the 19th century, 45–47
ironclads, 49–51
mines, 54, 75
retreat from, 58
missile warfare, 111
Tennessee (CSN ironclad), 54–55
illus., 55
Texas (USN battleship), 61–62
Theodore Roosevelt (USN carrier), 120
Thunderer (British radeau), 4
TORCH (landings in North Africa, 1942), 87
torpedoes, 85
Trafalgar, Battle of (1805), 20
Treaty of Ghent (1814), 31–32
Treaty of Kanagawa (1854), 40
Treaty of Paris (1783), 11, 15
treaty cruisers, 77
Tripoli, 18–19
Tracy, Benjamin Franklin (Secy. of Navy), 62
Trumbull (Cont. Navy frigate), 6
Truxtun, Thomas (USN officer), 16
Two-Ocean Navy Act (1940), 80

U

U-boats. See submarines
United States (USN frigate), 27
United States (cancelled USN carrier), 98

V

Valcour Island, Battle of (1776), 4, 30
Valley Forge (USN carrier), 100
Vera Cruz, landing at (1847), 43–44
Vicksburg (in Civil War), 54
Vietnam War (1965–73), 106–8
Vinson-Trammel Act (1934), 79
Virginia (CSN ironclad), 49–50
Virginius (steamer), 59–60, 64

W

Waddell, James I. (CSN officer), 52
Wainwright (USN guided missile cruiser), 113
War of 1812, 25–31
war planning, 78–79
Warhawks, 24–25, 30
Warren (Cont. Navy frigate), 6
Washington, George, 1–5, 10–11
Washington’s Navy, 2, 5
Washington Naval Arms Limitation Treaty (1922), 75–77
Wasp (USN sloop), 27
Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842), 39
Welles, Gideon (Secy. of Navy), 49–50
West Point, 41
Wilde, Oscar, 60
Wilkes, Charles (USN officer), 39–40
Wilmington, N.C., 55
Wilson, Woodrow, 72, 74
Winslow, John A. (USN officer), 52
women in the navy
in World War II, 87–88
in Cold War era, 108–9
in modern navy, 117
illus., 74
World War I, 71–75
World War II, 81–96
map, 90–91

X

XYZ Affair (1797–98), 15

Y

Yorktown campaign, 11

Z

Z-grams, 109
Zumwalt, Elmo “Bud” (USN CNO), 109
Zumwalt (stealth ship), 120