Notes

Chapter 1

1	Richard A. Peterson, ‘Changing arts audiences: capitalizing on omnivorousness’, workshop paper, Cultural Policy Center, University of Chicago, at http://culturalpolicy.uchicago.edu/papers/working papers/peterson1005.pdf (accessed December 2010).
2	Pierre Bourdieu, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, Routledge Classics, 2010.
3	Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray, Penguin Classics, 2003.
4	Sigmund Freud, Civilisation, Society and Religion, Penguin Freud Library vol. 12, 1991, p. 271.
5	Philip French, ‘A Hootenanny New Year to all’, Observer Television, 30 Dec. 2007–5 Jan. 2008.

Chapter 2

1	Georg Simmel, Zur Psychologie der Mode; Soziologische Studie, in Simmel, Gesamtausgabe, vol. 5, Suhrkamp, 1992.
2	Sławomir Mrożek, Małe listy, Noir sur Blanc, 2000, p. 121.
3	Ibid., p. 273.
4	Ibid., p. 123.
5	Quotations from Blaise Pascal, Pensées, trans. A. J. Krailsheimer, Penguin, 1966, p. 68.

Chapter 3

1	Jonathan Rutherford, After Identity, Laurence & Wishart, 2007, pp. 59–60.
2	Saskia Sassen, ‘The excesses of globalisation and the feminisation of survival’, Parallax 7(1) (Jan. 2001): 100–1.
3	Geoff Dench, Maltese in London: A Case Study in the Erosion of Ethnic Consciousness, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1975, pp. 158–9.
4	Richard Rorty, Achieving our Country: Leftist Thought in 20th Century America, Harvard University Press, 1998, p. 88.
5	Alain Touraine, ‘Faux et vrais problèmes’, in Michel Wieviorka, ed., Une société fragmenté. Le multiculturalisme en débat, La Découverte, 1997.
6	See Russell Jacoby, The End of Utopia: Politics and Culture in an Age of Apathy, Basic Books, 1999.

Chapter 4

1	See Bronislaw Baczko, ed., Une éducation pour la démocratie, Garnier Frères, 1982, pp. 377ff.
2	See Philippe Bénéton, Histoire de mots – culture et civilisation, Presses de Sciences Po, 1975, pp. 23ff.
3	Michael Allen Gillespie, ‘The theological origins of modernity’, Critical Review 13(1–2) (1999): 1–30.
4	Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Oration on the Dignity of Man, trans L. Kuczynski, in Przeglad Tomistyczny vol. 5, 1995, p. 156.
5	Fred Constant, Le multiculturalisme, Flammarion, 2000, pp. 89–94.
6	Charles Taylor, ‘The policy of recognition’, in Amy Gutmann, ed., Multiculturalism, Princeton University Press, 1994, pp. 98–9, 88–9.
7	Jürgen Habermas, ‘Struggles for recognition in the democratic constitutional regime’, in Amy Gutmann, ed., Multiculturalism, Princeton University Press, 1994, pp. 125, 113.
8	Jeffrey Weeks, ‘Rediscovering values’, in Judith Squires, ed., Principled Positions, Lawrence & Wishart, 1993, pp. 208–9.

Chapter 5

1	Jeffrey Weeks, Making Sexual History, Polity, 2000, pp. 182, 240–3.
2	George Steiner, The Idea of Europe, Nexus Institute, 2004, pp. 32–4.
3	See Hans-Georg Gadamer, Das Erbe Europas, Suhrkamp, 1998.
4	Jonathan Friedman, ‘The hybridization of roots and the abhorrence of the bush’, in M. Featherstone and S. Lash, eds, Spaces of Culture, Sage, 1999, pp. 239, 241.
5	Nancy Fraser, ‘Social justice in the age of identity politics: redistribution, recognition and participation’, in D. Clausen and M. Werz, eds, Kritische Theorie der Gegenwart, Institut für Soziologie der Universität Hannover, 1999, pp. 37–60.
6	See Bruno Latour, ‘Ein Ding ist ein Thing’, Concepts and Transformations 1–2 (1988): 97–111.
7	Cornelius Castoriadis, ‘Done and to be done’, in Castoriadis Reader, ed. and trans. D. Ames Curtis, Blackwell, 1997, pp. 400, 414, 397–8.

Chapter 6

1	François Chabot, ‘La diffusion de la culture française dans le monde’, Cahiers Français (Jan.–Feb.) (2009).
2	Theodor W. Adorno, ‘Culture and administration’, in The Culture Industry: Selected Essays on Mass Culture by Theodor W. Adorno, ed. J. M. Bernstein, Routledge, 1991, pp. 93, 98.
3	See ibid., pp. 93, 98, 100.
4	Joseph Brodsky, ‘The child of civilization’, in Less Than One: Selected Essays, Farrar Strauss & Giroux, 1987, p. 123.
5	Adorno, ‘Culture and administration’, p. 94.
6	See Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer, Dialectic of Enlightenment, Verso, 1979, pp. 216–17.
7	Adorno, ‘Culture and administration’, p. 103.
8	Hannah Arendt, La crise de la culture, Gallimard, 1968, pp. 266–7.
9	Milan Kundera, The Art of the Novel, from the Polish translation by Mark Bienczyk, Czytelnik, 2004, pp. 23–4.
10	Naomi Klein, No Logo, Flamingo, 2001, pp. 5, 25.
11	From private correspondence.