Index

1984, xii, 10, 176, 182n21

350.org, 33, 56, 57

50 Cent Army (Chinese government campaign), 155

5G cellular network technology, 5053

ABC (television network), 134, 195

ABC News, 50, 238

abortion, 43, 44, 8991, 126

Abrams, Elliott, 230

Access to Medicine Foundation (AMF), 45, 46

Access to Medicine Index, 46

Active Denial System (millimeter wave weaponry), 52

activism, 8, 66, 88, 100, 13335, 179, see also protest

Addemir, Cem Ismail, 2530

Addiction by Design, 168

The Advocate (magazine), 189, 192, 205, 210, 212, 215n30

Aegis Research Corporation, 233

Affordable Care Act (US), 44, 186, 212, 214n4, 261, 262

Afghanistan, 107, 155

Africa, 19, 46, 63, 64

African Americans, 1, 7, 38, 40, 44, 58, 62, 67, 69, 70, 73, 92, 93, 104, 114, 11619, 144, 199, 208, 226, 242, 267

agriculture, 31, 32, 35, 52, 7274, 264

industry, 31, 5355, 73

Ahmed, Nafeez, 4648

Air Force (US), 27, 200

Air Quality Index (AQI), 162, 163

Al Jazeera, 6567

Al Qaeda, 231

Alabama, 43, 233

Al-Akhbar, 65

Al-Aqsa Mosque, 94

Albright, Madeleine, 230

Alcasabas, Mikhaela, 2530

Alexander, Marissa, 38

Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, xi, 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 85, 86, 88, 99, 100

Alliance Defending Freedom, 192

Alliance for Securing Democracy (ASD), 232, 233, 235, 249nn104, 105

AltGov2, 8, 133

Alt-Press Watch, 189

Alwood, Edward, 188, 210, 214n17

Amazon rainforest, 1618, 31, 32

Amazon Watch, 33

America First Party, 155

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 70, 140, 191, 192, 198, 201, 202

American Enterprise Institute, 237

American Indian movement, 58

American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), 57

Americans for Responsible Technology, 52

Amusing Ourselves to Death, 161

Anand, Dibyesh, 180

Anderson, April, 9, 185219

Andes Mountains, 31

Andreacchi, Robert, 31, 32

Android (mobile operating system), 76, 77

animal rights, 52, 54, 5860

Antifa movement, 155

Anti-Media (media website), 234

Anti-Trafficking Review, 36

App Store, 76

Apple (technology company), 77, 235

Aramark, 73

Arizona, 86, 151

Arkansas, 39, 43

Army (India), 17377

Army (US), 27, 142, 200, 204

Army Research Laboratory (US), 47

Army War College (US), 240

Asheville, NC, 215n28

Asia, 68, 109, 114

Asia Program (German Marshall Fund), 232

Assange, Christine, 234

Assange, Julian, 46, 234, 235, 239, 242

Associated Press, 24, 215n29, 259

Atchafalaya Basin, LA, 148

Atlantic Council, 26, 27, 29, 30, 230, 233, 236, 247nn67, 68, 251n142

Atlantic Ocean, 31, 49

Attkisson, Sharyl, xixiii

Atwood, Margaret, 1

Australia, 68, 79n30, 87, 146

Axberg, Lauren, 71, 72

Axios, 42, 43

Azov Battalion, 4850

Babicz, Adriana, 5355

“BackThen” (video channel), 29, 235

Baghdad, Iraq, 4

Baime, Jacob, 65, 66

Bambara, Toni Cade, 267

Baptist Church, 9294, 192

Barcus, Austin, 4143

Baron, Marty, 226

Barr, William, 85

Basu, Nandita, 54

Batamaloo, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 177, 178

Bayou Bridge Pipeline, 57, 148

BBC (television and radio network), 68, 226, 227

The Beach Boys (music group), 230

Belkin, Aaron, 200

Bendib, Khalil, 5, 27, 34, 42, 66, 75, 90, 111, 116, 123, 225

Benjamin, Medea, 108

Benjamin, Walter, 106

Berkeley, CA, 48

Bernhardt, David, 59, 60

Bessie, Adam, 8, 15971

Bickert, Monika, 231

Billingsley, Lloyd, 112

bin Salman, Mohammad, 5

Bing (internet browser), 228

BishopAccountability.org, 97

Black Agenda Report, 226

Black Lives Matter movement, 242

Black Power movement, 58

Blado, Andrea, 2325

Blevins, Rachel, 234

Block, Joshua, 198, 201

Blumenthal, Max, 48, 49, 67, 79n30

Bogota Declaration (COICA), 31

Boko Haram, 64

Bolsonaro, Jair, 31, 32

Boorstin, Daniel, 166

Border Patrol (US), 111

Boston, MA, 117

Bowman, Tom, 107

Boy George (musician), 98

Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement (BDS), 6567

BP (oil and gas company), 55, 60

Bradbury, Alexandra, 8, 135, 14952

Brand New Congress (US political action committee), 119

BrandGuard (NewsGuard product), 237, 238

Braun, Ashley, 8, 135, 14649

Brazil, xi, 29, 31, 32, 186, 213

Break Free from Fossil Fuels campaign, 56, 57

Breitbart (Far-Right media website), 232

Breitburg, Denise, 55

Brennan Center for Justice, 56

Brexit, 222

Britain, see United Kingdom

Brown, Cyntoia, 3740

Brunei, 186, 213

Buckingham Palace, 87

Buffalo, NY, 150

Bureau of Justice Statistics (US), 61

Burger King (fast food company), 55

Burrows, Kenn, 3, 10, 19, 5053, 25573

Burton, Susan, 38

Bush, George W., 28, 231

Butina, Maria, 222

Butler, Allison, 63, 64

BuzzFeed, 85, 208

By Invitation Only, 195, 215n31

Bynum, Anne, 43

California, 16, 17, 19, 49, 6972, 151, 162, 180

California Department of Justice, 6971

California Division of Juvenile Justice, 71

The California Report (radio show), 72

California State University, San Bernardino, 208

Cameroon, 63

Camp Fire (2018), 8, 166, 170

Canary Mission (anti-Palestine website), 66

cancer, 45, 51, 147

capitalism, 18, 7577, 115, 118, 120, 241

Capitol Hill, Washington, DC, 108, 125

Cardi B (musician), 86, 89, 91

Cardona Castillo, Bayron, 110

Cargill (food, finance, and technology corporation), 54

Cargo torture center, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 176

Caribbean, 68

Carlson, Carolyn S., 138

Carlson, Tucker, 88, 112, 231

Carroll, Lewis, 13, 1012, 13n8

Cassell, Heather, 214n8

Catholic Church, 92, 9799

CBS (television network), 230

CBS News, 36, 37, 42, 52, 55, 238

CBS This Morning, 98

censorship, xi, 15, 103, 133, 135, 186, 187

government, 2630, 6567, 91, 173

impact on democracy, xiii, 8, 2329, 77n8, 96, 119, 122, 127, 152, 178, 179, 222, 223, 241, 242

in the service of fighting “fake news,” xii, 9, 79n30, 223, 225, 228, 229, 23133, 235, 237, 238, 242

of independent media, 2830, 6567, 79n30, 223, 22528, 23235, 237, 238, 241

of journalists, 6, 2325, 78n22

public information officers, 8, 13438

social media, 9, 2530, 152, 154, 225, 226, 229, 231, 258

Center for American Politics Studies, 239

Center for American Women and Politics, 115

Center for Biological Diversity, 33, 59

Center for Economic and Policy Research, 63

Center for Strategic and International Studies, 230, 231, 248n88

Center for the Study of Hate and Extremism, 208

Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice, 7072

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (US), 135

Central America, 7, 41, 104, 107, 109111, 113, 114

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (US), 27, 233, 236

Central Reserve Police Force (India), 175

Central Valley, CA, 8

centrism, 105, 118, 120, 128n5

Cephus, Kulture Kiari, 89

Chakrabarti, Samidh, 231

Charles Koch Institute, 230, 238

Charlotte, NC, 215n28

Charlottesville, VA, 48

Chattanooga, TN, 204

Chávez, Hugo, 29

Chechnya (federal subject of Russia), 186

Check Your Fact, 231, 232

Cheeni Chowk, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, 175

Chen, Victor Tan, 74, 75

Chertoff, Michael, 230, 232, 236

Chertoff Group, 236, 251n140

Chevron, 27

Chicago, IL, 151, 158n30, 208, 265

Chicago Tribune, 59

children, see young people

China, 53, 108, 155, 173, 239

Chomsky, Noam, 187, 234, 235

Christchurch, New Zealand, 94

Christianity, 203, 204, see also Baptist Church; Catholic Church

Chuck E. Cheese’s (restaurant chain), 163, 170

Cisco (technology conglomerate), 53

City College of San Francisco, 33, 72

civil rights, 56, 62, 67, 6971, 93, 140, 141, see also surveillance

media coverage of organizations, 188, 190, 191, 198, 199, 202

Civil Rights movement, 93, 268

civilians, 4, 174, 176, 178, 179

Clapper, James, 4

class, 7275, 95, 96, 111, 216n35, 11921, 225, 241, 265, see also inequality

Clegg, Nick, 232

climate change, 1, 7, 3134, 5558, 8688, 118, 119, 133, 134

solutions to, 67, 68, 146, 147, 259, 264

Clinton, Bill, 230

Clinton, Hillary, 90, 144, 222, 224

CNBC (television network), 75

CNN (television network), 29, 30, 36, 37, 53, 61, 63, 78n22, 83n94, 105, 118, 134, 235, 238, 239

Coast Guard (US), 200

Cobb, Frank I., 78n12

Code Pink (anti-war organization), 108

Cohen, Elliot D., 4850

Cohen, Jessica, 258

Cohen, Michael, 86

Cohen, Roger, 107

Cohen, William, 85102

COINTELPRO (FBI program), 58

College of Marin, 7, 45, 55, 69

College of Western Idaho, 58, 60

Collins, John, 7, 103131

Colombia, 31

Colorado, 151

Colorado Springs Independent, 189, 215n28

Columbia University, 23, 36

Columbian Chemicals, 155

Combs, James E., 153

Comiti, Paul, 173

Commentator Accountability Project, 211

Common Dreams, 16, 2729, 31, 32, 228

Community Coalition for Real Meals, 73

Compass Group (food service company), 73

Condé Nast, 89

Congress (US), 4, 7, 28, 39, 49, 58, 104, 11420, 191, 199, 212, 223, 233

conservatism, 9, 27, 31, 32, 44, 66, 67, 11113, 117, 122, 128n5, 148, 185, 202, 203, 213n2, 227, 228, 230, 231, 233, 237, see also fascism; Republican Party (US)

Consortium News, 226, 228

Constitution (US),

First Amendment, 5, 6, 11, 2325, 185

Fourth Amendment, 69, 70

Fourteenth Amendment, 189

The Conversation (media website), 60, 61

Cooper, Anderson, 239

Coordinator of the Indigenous Organizations of the Amazon River Basin (COICA), 31, 32

Cop Block (police accountability organization), 234

corporate misconduct, 1, 27, 32, 52, 148, 202, 222, 233, 241, see also capitalism; media, corporate; social media

impact on health, 45, 46, 7274

impact on the environment, 33, 34, 5355, 60, 61, 148

within the tech industry, 19, 2630, 76, 77, 14345

Correa, Rafael, 235

El Correo del Orinoco, 234

Couloute, Lucius, 6163

Council on Foreign Relations, 236, 251n140

CounterPunch, 226, 228

Counter Current News, 234

Crain, Matthew, 8, 134, 14346

Creative Loafing Charlotte, 215n28

Crimea, Ukraine/Russia, 222

criminal justice system, 1, 2, 19, 36, 37, 4044, 56, 57, 6163, see also law enforcement; prisons

mandatory minimum sentences, 38, 39

treatment of children, 6972

Croteau, David, 195, 215n31

Crovitz, Louis Gordon, 237

Crowley, Joseph, 119

Cuillier, David, 138

Currier, Cora, 23, 24

Daily Caller, 231, 232, 237

Dakota Access Pipeline, 57, 148

Dar, Huma, 180

data, 3537, 46, 51, 52, 61, 83n94, 11416, 14346, see also surveillance

algorithms, xi, 2, 9, 28, 29, 152, 154, 228

Data & Society (research institute), 133, 143, 145

Davenport, Coral, 137

Davis-Cohen, Simon, 57, 58

Dean, James Joseph, 188

Deepwater Horizon oil spill, 60

Delhi, India, 180

Delwiche, Aaron, 8, 135, 15255

DeMelle, Brendan, 8, 135, 14649

democracy, 107, 115, 146, 174

and corporate media interests, 96, 119, 122, 222

and the technology industry, 2630, 143, 145, 239, 240

censorship in, xiii, 8, 2329, 77n8, 96, 119, 122, 127, 152, 178, 179, 222, 223, 241, 242

in action, 7, 8, 134, 135, 149, 150, 152, 153

role of journalism in, 11, 12, 15, 19, 85, 152, 241, 256

Democracy Now!, 37, 38, 108, 228

Democratic Party (US), 11419, 122, 124, 126, 133, 199, 222, 233, 237

Democratic Socialists of America, 119

Denmark, 74

Department of Defense (US), 3, 47, 52, 191

Department of Education (US), 123, 191

Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) (US), 42, 209

Department of Homeland Security (US), 35, 240

Department of Housing and Urban Development (US), 191

Department of Justice (DOJ) (US), 5, 6, 2325, 42, 186, 191

Department of State (US), 27, 50, 142, 232, 233, 236

Department of the Interior (US), 141

Dermansky, Julie, 148

DeSmogBlog, 8, 133, 135, 14648

Detroit, MI, 262

Deutch, Ted, 42

developing countries, 28, 45, 46, 63, 64

di Prima, Diane, 255

Diablo Valley College, 26

Diario Vea, 234

Digital Forensic Research Lab, 26, 30, 230, 236

Digital Influence Machine, 145

Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market (European Union), 242

Disco Soup movement, 267

Discourse and the Construction of Society, 104

Dobson, James, 205

Dogra Regiment (Indian Army), 174

Dold, James, 39

Donaldson, O. Fred, 268

Dorabji, Tara, 8, 9, 17383

Drake (musician), 39

Dremann, Blake, 200

Drew University, 65, 76

E! channel, 85

Earls, Briana, 6163

Earls, Felton, 265

Earth Island Journal, 5759

eBay, 232

Ecuador, 5, 235

Edelman Trust Barometer, 239

EdSource, 70

education, 74, 75, 123, 151, 177, 197, 234, 265, see also schools

critical media literacy, 11, 133, 134

discriminatory policing in, 6971

journalism, 138, 19092

Egypt, 31

Ehrler, Abby, 43, 44

Eigbrett, Nicole, 7, 103131

El Salvador, 109

elections,

2016 presidential (US), 25, 47, 48, 92, 134, 143, 152, 189, 22227, 229, 233

2018 midterm (US), 7, 114, 115, 11720, 189, 206

integrity/external influence, 1, 26, 28, 29, 134, 143, 152, 155, 22227, 229, 233, 234

international, 26, 28, 29, 32, 155, 234

Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF), 76

Electronic Intifada, 65, 66

Ellis, Sarah Kate, 189, 215n23

Ellsberg, Daniel, 6

Eluxe Magazine, 52

Endangered Species Act of 1973 (US), 17, 5860

Energy Transfer Partners, 57, 148

environment, 5558, 7274, 87, 88, see also climate change

degradation of, 8, 51, 52, 61, 68, 146, 241

and US governmental policy, 33, 34, 5860, 137, 141

California wildfires, 15970

Gulf of Mexico, 5355

protections, 31, 32, 67, 68

Enron, 155

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (US), 34, 137, 139

Environmental Research, 51

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (US), 123

Equality Act (US bill), 209, 210, 212, 218n74

Erdogan, Recep Tayyip, 28

Espionage Act of 1917 (US), 4, 5

Ethics & Religious Liberty Commission, 192

Eugene Weekly, 189, 215n28

Europe, 109, 146, 236

European Union (EU), 230, 242

Exstrum, Olivia, 39

Extinction Rebellion, 87, 88

ExxonMobil, 27

Facebook, xii, 1, 2, 18, 2530, 65, 77, 78n26, 134, 14345, 152, 179, 180, 22335, 238, 239, 255, 257

Fairness & Accuracy In Reporting (FAIR), 2729

fake news, xi, xii, 9, 26, 155, 22731, 233, 258

and “Russiagate,” 28, 152, 22326, 229

Family Research Council, 9, 192, 203205, 211, 217n58

Farm to School Network, 72

fascism, 4850, 96, 106, 242

Fashion Nova, 7, 86, 9496

fear bias, 258, 259

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) (US), 24, 25, 5557, 92, 122, 123, 139, 227

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) (US), 21, 52, 257

Federal Register (US government journal), 140

Federal Trade Commission (US), 77

Federman, Adam, 56, 58

Feinstein, Dianne, 122

Fies, Brian, 163

Fight for $15 movement, 151

film, 6567, 89, 9799, 173, 180, 181, 203, 242, 267

Filming Cops (police accountability organization), 234

Financial Times, 238

A Fire Story, 163

FireEye, 233, 235, 249nn111, 114

First Amendment Defense Act (US bill), 185

First Draft (“information integrity” organization), xii

First Information Reports (FIRs) (India/Pakistan), 177

Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) (US), 58, 59

Flint, MI, 137

Florida, 38

Fly, Jamie, 232

Focus on the Family (Christian conservative organization), 205

Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (US), 53, 13537, 156n12

Food & Water Watch (nonprofit organization), 33

Food Insight Group, 72

Forbes, 37

forced labor, 3537

Ford, Christine Blasey, 12025

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) (US), 2325

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (US), 23, 24

Foreign Policy Initiative (FPI), 232

Foreign Policy Research Institute, 227, 246n48

Forrest, Andrew, 35

Forster, E.M., 8, 164

fossil fuel industry, see oil and gas industry

Fox News, 24, 29, 88, 105, 106, 109, 111, 112, 117, 231, 23739

Foxhall, Kathryn, 8, 13439

France, xi, 7, 65, 92, 95, 96, 155, 240

Frankel, Max, 214n19

Franken, Al, 126

free speech, 1, 5, 6, 11, 2325, 134, 183, 22529, 234, 242, see also Constitution (US), First Amendment

Free Thought Project, 234

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) (US), 23, 56

Freedom of the Press Foundation, 4, 2325

Frick, Inga, 56

Friends of the Earth (environmental organization), 73

FrontPage Mag, 112

Future of Geopolitics Program (German Marshall Fund), 232

Gabbard, Tulsi, 242

Galanter, Seth, 199

Gallagher, Anne, 36

Gallup, 216n37, 239, 252n168

Gambit (newsweekly), 215n28

Gamson, William, 187, 196, 216n42

Gannett (media company), 238

Gans, Herbert J., 192, 216n35

Gardner, Martin, 13n8

Garland, Merrick, 122

Gazia, Ifat, 8, 9, 17383

Geneva, Switzerland, 177

GEO Group, Inc., 35

Georgia, 73

German, Mike, 56

German Marshall Fund, 30, 232

Germany, 214n8

Gessen, Masha, 224

Ghosh, Dipayan, 143

Gibbs, Rennie, 43

Gingrich, Newt, 155

Giusti, James, 85102

GLAAD (media monitoring organization), 210, 211

GLAAD Media Reference Guide, 189, 194, 196, 215n29

Gleicher, Nathaniel, 231, 248n88

Global Digital Policy Incubator, 180

Global Research (media website), 28, 29, 228

Global Slavery Index (GSI), 3537

Gmail (Google), 234

GoFundMe, 93

Goldman, Rob, 224

Gomes, Ben, 228

Google, xii, 1, 18, 76, 77, 134, 145, 224, 22830, 234, 235, 238, 239, 257

Google News Initiative, 238

Google News Lab, 238

Google Opinion Rewards, 76, 77

Google Play Store, 76, 77

Göring, Hermann, 221

Gosar, Paul, 86

Gosztola, Kevin, 29, 30

Grabell, Michael, 43

Graham, Lindsey, 86, 90, 230

Granados, Maria, 4143

Grassley, Chuck, 90

Grayson, Brandon, 45, 46, 85102

Great Barrier Reef, 68

Great Depression (US), 61

Great Recession (US), 74

Greater Kashmir (newspaper), 180

Greater Union Baptist Church, 92, 94

Green, Mark E., 204

Green New Deal, 33, 151

Greenpeace USA, 33

Greenwald, Jerry A., 266

Grenell, Richard, 214n8

GSK (pharmaceutical company), 45

Guaidó, Juan, 234

Guardado, Daisy, 110

The Guardian, 16, 32, 3538, 4446, 54, 5659, 229

Guatemala, 109

Gulf of Mexico, 17, 18, 5355, 60, 61, 147

Gulf of Oman, 53, 54

Haaretz (Israeli newspaper), 66, 67

Haas Institute for a Fair and Inclusive Society, 265

Hamilton 68 Dashboard, 233

The Handmaid’s Tale, 1

Hannity, Sean, 90

Harbath, Katie, 26

Harris Insights & Analytics, 239

Harvard University, 239, 259, 265

Hasan, Mehdi, 107

Haslam, Bill, 37

Hatch, Orrin, 90

hate crimes, 9294, 184, 206, 207

Hawaii, 39, 236

Hayden, Michael, 230, 236, 251n140

HBO (television network), 97, 99

Healdsburg High School, 23

Hebrew University, 52

Heritage Foundation, 237

Herman, Edward S., 187

Herring, Mary Margaret, 8, 135, 15255

Hill, Anita, 123

The Hill (media website), 48, 49

Hispanic peoples, see Latinx peoples

HispanTV (television network), 234

Holder, Eric, 23, 24

Hollywood, CA, 98, 99

Hollywood Beauty Awards, 95

“homeland defense,” 47, 48

homeland security, 35, 47, 234, 238

Honduras, 109, 110

Hoover Institution, 66

HOPE Court (Washington, DC), 40

Hopping, Beth, 72, 73

House of Representatives (US), 49, 86, 114, 116, 118, 199

How to Jump-Start Your Union, 150, 151

Hoynes, William, 195, 215n31

Huawei, 53

Huff, Mickey, 114, 2530

Huffington Post, 64, 208

Hulu (television network), 1

human rights, 8, 35, 65

Human Rights Campaign (nonprofit organization), 191

Human Rights for Kids (nonprofit organization), 39

human trafficking, 35, 36, 39, see also sex trafficking

humanitarian aid, 63, 64

Hunt, Tommy, 3234

Huntington Beach, CA, 48

Hussein, Saddam, 231

Illinois, 57

immigration, 1, 3, 35, 36, 8991, see also refugees

“caravans,” 7, 104, 109114

unaccompanied minors, 41, 42

Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) (US), 91, 112, 119, 14042

“In the Now” (video channel), 29, 30, 235

In These Times, 16, 56, 58

India, 8, 17380

Indian Ocean, 68

Indian Penal Code, 177

Indian River State College, 48

Indiana, 55, 56, 185

indigenous peoples, 1618, 31, 32, 57, 58, 114, 148

Indonesia, 68

inequality, 18, 19, 40, 74, 75, 95, 96, 239, 255, see also class; LGBTQ issues; racism; women

Inland Valley Daily Bulletin, 63

In-Q-Tel, 233

Instagram, 117, 234

Institute for Applied Positive Research, 262

Institute for Propaganda Analysis (IPA), 153, 154

Institute for Research on Poverty, 83n94

The Intercept, 23, 24, 232

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 87, 88

Internal Revenue Service (IRS) (US), 142

International Agency for Research on Cancer, 51

International Fact-Checking Network, 232

International Federation for Human Rights, 176

International Republican Institute (IRI), 26, 28, 29, 230, 247n73

International Workers Association, 155

internet, 51, 76, 100, 15355, 228, 230, 237, 240, see also social media

blackouts, 17779

democratic potential of, 135, 14648, 23942, 257, 267

trolls, 152, 221, 223

Internet Research Agency (IRA), 22325

iOS (mobile operating system), 76, 77

Iowa, 53, 57

Iran, 48, 230, 231, 234

Iraq, 4, 28, 107, 230, 231

ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria), 155

Islam, 9294, 114, 119, 177, 221

Israel, 50, 6567, 235

Israel on Campus Coalition, 65

Israel Project (nonprofit organization), 65

Isthmus (newsweekly), 215n28

Iyer, Jayasree K., 45, 46

Jackson, Michael, 9799

Jackson, Roberta, 138

Jacobin (magazine), 105

James, LeBron, 39

James Cook University, 68

Jammu, administered by India/Pakistan/China, 174, 176, 179, 180

Jammu and Kashmir Public Safety Act (PSA), 176, 177

Jammu & Kashmir State Human Rights Commission, 176

Jammu Kashmir Coalition of Civil Society (JKCCS), 174

Janus v. AFSCME, 151

Japan, 256

Jefferson, Thomas, 257

Jensen, Carl, 21, 85

Jerusalem, Israel/Palestine, 52, 94

Jimenez Flores, Edwin Enrique, 110

Jintiach, Juan Carlos, 32

John Birch Society, 155

Johnson, Adam, 27, 28

Johnson, Jake, 27

Johnson & Johnson (pharmaceutical company), 45

Joint Chiefs of Staff (US), 47

Joint Terrorism Task Force (US), 227

Jones, Alex, 235

Jones, Doug, 233

Jones, Madi, 5860

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 90

journalism,

access to organizational employees, 13438

and surveillance of journalists, 5, 6, 2325, 28, 78n22, 238, 242

constructive, 10, 13n10, 19, 257, 258, 260, 270

critical, 10, 257, 26062, 270

engagement, 8, 10, 260, 26470

investigative, 85, 99, 120, 123, 134, 146

role in society, 3, 11, 15, 16, 99, 126, 13438, 25659, 261, 265, see also democracy

solutions, 10, 258, 26264, 270

sources, 5, 6, 10, 24, 25, 185, 18895, 210, 211, 215n31, 216n36, 261

Judaism, 66, 67, 94, 96

Junk Food News, 2, 7, 85102, 135

Justice Democrats (US political action committee), 119

Kaba, Mariame, 37, 38

Kagan, Robert, 232

Kaiser Permanente, 261

Kak, Sanjay, 180

Kansas, 53

Kaplan, Joel, 231, 232

Karana Rising (nonprofit organization), 40

Kardashian West, Kim, 7, 39, 85, 86, 9496

Kashani, Paymon, 138

Kashmir, administered by India/Pakistan/China, 8, 9, 17383

The Kashmir Reader (newspaper), 179

Kashmir Times (newspaper), 180

Katan, Tuntiak, 31

Katchanovski, Ivan, 49

Kavanaugh, Brett, 7, 44, 90, 104, 12026, 131n54

Keep It in the Ground movement, 147

Keisling, Mara, 197, 198

Kelley, Jason, 76

Kelly, Sharon, 147

Kentucky, 151

Keystone XL Pipeline, 56, 57

KGB (Committee for State Security) (Soviet Union), 222

Khalek, Rania, 30

Khamenei, Ali, 234

Khanna, Rohit, 49

Khashoggi, Jamal, 5

Kheel, Rebecca, 49, 50

Kick, Russ, 8, 134, 13942

Kinder Morgan, 57

Kissinger, Henry, 27, 108, 230

Klein, Alice, 67, 68

Knight First Amendment Institute, 2325

Koch brothers, 148

Koch vs Clean, 148

Kopf, Daniel, 6163

KQED (radio and television stations), 72

Kreidie, Gabrielle, 6567

Kremlin, 30, 79n30, 223, 237

Krishnan, Ramya, 24, 25

Kristof, Nicholas, 113

Kristol, Bill, 232

Krystofiak, Thom, 56

Ku Klux Klan, 116

Kyle, Grace, 85102

labor, 8, 40, 7275, 133, 155, 178, 240

and felon disenfranchisement, 6163

and “right-to-work” laws, 151

forced, 3537, see also slavery

journalism, 18, 135, 14952

Labor Notes, 8, 133, 135, 14952, 158n30

Lambda Legal, 191

land rights, 31, 32

Language: A Key Mechanism of Control, 155

Lanier, Jaron, 169

Larsen, Carl, 203

Las Vegas, NV, 168

Lash, Alyssa, 63, 64

Latinx peoples, 62, 69, 70, 8991, 109112, 117, 234

Lauria, Joe, 225

law enforcement, 1, 16, 23, 41, 42, 57, 64, 6971, 108, 110, 136, 138, 175, 177, 179, 208, 214, 234, 240, 241, 264, 266

Lay, Carol, 154

Lazare, Sarah, 57, 58

Le Guin, Ursula K., 164

Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, 192

Leaving Neverland, 97, 98

Lebanon, 65

The Left Hand of Darkness, 164

legislation, 5, 41, 70, 7375, 111, 114, 11720, 133, 152, 180, 191, 202, 204, 209, 231

and lobbying efforts, 60, 6567, 133

criminal justice, 3740, 43, 44, 6163

digital oversight, xi, 77, 145, 231

environmental, 33, 34, 5760, 137, 146

foreign policy (US), 2530, 46, 49, 66, 67, 119, 155, 227, 232, 234

labor, 36, 6163, 150, 151

LGBTQ-related, 185, 187, 197202, 205, 206, 212

Leiserowitz, Anthony, 259

Levi, Jennifer, 201

Levinson, Jennifer, 3234, 7274

LexisNexis, 21

LGBTQ issues, 114, 187, 190, see also transgender issues

“bathroom bills,” 9, 197, 198, 202, 206, 208, 212

homophobia, 2, 9, 186, 188, 205, 208211, 214n19

marriage equality, 185, 189, 203, 205, 211, 215n21

treatment by the military, 188, 189, 191, 199201, 204, 206, 208, 212, 215n32

treatment in the media, 9, 18, 185, 186, 188, 189, 19297, 205207, 21013, 215nn28, 30

Li, Sydney, 76

liberalism, 28, 104, 11315, 228, 229, 233, 235, see also Democratic Party (US)

Liberty and the News, 15, 19

Library of Congress (US), 142

Libya, 48

Lincoln, Bruce, 104

Line of Control, Jammu and Kashmir, 178

Lippmann, Walter, 15, 16, 19, 77n8, 78n12

Lisitsa, Valentina, 79n30

Lockheed Martin, 233

Log Cabin Republicans, 185

Loki, Reynard, 54

London, UK, 5, 46, 87, 235, 267

López, Victoria, 157n16

Los Angeles, CA, 48

Los Angeles Times, 188, 189, 192, 197, 199, 201, 202, 209, 211, 212, 215n30

Louisiana, 7, 57, 60, 61, 92, 93, 148

Louisiana Purchase (1803), 148

Lussier, Caroline, 63, 64

Lynch, Lisa, 6567, 76, 77

MacDonald, Ian R., 60, 61

Macek, Steve, 7, 2530, 3740, 43, 44, 13358

“The Machine Stops,” 8, 164, 165

MacLeod, Alan, 28, 29

Macron, Emmanuel, 95

Macy’s (department store chain), 150

Madison, WI, 215n28

Madonna (musician), 98

Maduro, Nicolás, 235

Maffick Media, 29, 30, 235

Mager, Lee, 9, 22153

Magram, Jonas, 56

Mahoney, Michelle, 5861

Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17, 222

Maldives, 68

Males, Mike, 6971

Mali, 63

Mandia, Kevin, 233, 249n111

Mandiant (cybersecurity firm), 233

Manning, Chelsea, 46, 242

Manufacturing Consent, 187

Maoist International Movement, 155

Marcetic, Branko, 105

Marine Corps (US), 200

Marion County, FL, 202

Markle, Meghan, 7, 8688

Marmol, Emil, 9, 22153

Martin, Abby, 235

Martin, Christopher R., 135

Martin, Shania, 85102

Masood (pseudonym), 174

mass shootings, 69, 70, 94, 185

Massachusetts, 116, 119

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 165

May, Adam, 67, 68

Mayorga, Diana, 7274

McCain, John, 7, 104108, 230

McCarthy, Joseph, 226

McCarthy, Kevin, 111

McConnell, Mitch, 90, 111, 125

McCutcheon, Jody, 52

McDonald’s (fast food company), 54, 55

McKibben, Bill, 56

#MeToo movement, 99, 117, 12022, 12426

media, see also journalism; Junk Food News; Media Democracy in Action; News Abuse

as fourth estate, 4, 91

corporate 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 12, 86, 9294, 100, 135, 14951, 173, 179

coverage of celebrity gossip, 7, 39, 8589, 91100

coverage of LGBTQ issues, 9, 185, 186, 188, 189, 19295, 205, 206, 208, 21113

coverage of Top 25 News Stories, 3, 6, 16, 29, 30, 3234, 36, 37, 39, 40, 4244, 46, 48, 50, 52, 53, 55, 5860, 63, 64, 68, 7175, 77, 133

News Abuse, 103109, 113, 115, 116, 11820, 126, 127, 134, 135

propaganda, 15255, 22126, 23742

framing, 34, 98, 103, 113, 126, 133, 187, 269

“guidelines,” 24, 25

independent, 2, 3, 6, 11, 12, 1618, 21, 91, 104, 133, 135, 240, 244n18, 257, 258, see also Validated Independent News

censorship of, 2830, 6567, 79n30, 223, 22528, 23235, 237, 238, 241

coverage of LGBTQ issues, 9, 186, 189, 19297, 205207, 210, 212, 215nn28, 30

coverage of Top 25 News Stories, 26, 2830, 32, 33, 37, 44, 60, 74

press freedom, xii, 4, 5, 18, 2325, see also Constitution (US), First Amendment; free speech; surveillance, of journalists

sensationalist, 7, 85, 93, 94, 9698, 186, 208, 209, 215

social, see social media

standing, 187, 19096, 215n31, 216n42

trust in, 15, 16, 21, 223, 228, 229, 236, 23840, 257, 258, 260

Media Democracy in Action, 7, 8, 13358

Media Manipulation Initiative (MMI), 143, 145

Media Matters for America, 228

Medicare, 119, 151

Mehraj, Irfan, 173, 179, 181

Mehtar, Juweria, 85102

Mellon Initiative for Undergraduate Research in the Arts and Humanities, 153

Mendoza, Citlali, 71, 72

Merck (pharmaceutical company), 46

Metahistory, 114

Mexico, 31, 109, 111

Michaels, Samantha, 71

Michigan, 116

Microsoft, 228, 230, 236

Microsoft Edge (mobile internet browser), 236

Middle East, 46, 235

Mighty Earth (environmental organization), 54, 55

Migos (music group), 89

migrants, see immigration

Mikulka, Justin, 14648

military, 4, 8, 9, 27, 28, 4750, 106108, 133, 142, 155, 173, 177, 179

treatment of LGBTQ people, 188, 189, 191, 199201, 204, 206, 208, 212, 215n32

militias, 4850, 64, 174

millennials, 29, 74, 75, 114, 239, 241, 255

millimeter waves (MMW), 51, 52

mindfulness, 10, 266

Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply (Brazil), 32

Ministry of Popular Power for Education (Venezuela), 234

Ministry of Popular Power for Petroleum (Venezuela), 234

Ministry of Popular Power for Women (Venezuela), 234

Ministry of Strategic Affairs (Israel), 66

Minnesota, 57, 116, 203

MintPress News, 29, 30, 4850, 228, 237

miscarriage, 43, 44, 87, 261

Misoprostol (pharmaceutical drug), 90

Mississippi, 43

Moore, Roy, 205

Morell, Michael, 233

Morgan, Jana, 7, 103131

Morgan, Jonathon, 233

Morning Edition (radio show), 107

Morones, Enrique, 112

Mortensen, Brent, 2325

Mother Jones, 37, 39, 71

Motherboard (Vice), 46, 48

Mount Pleasant Baptist Church, 92, 94

Mountain Xpress, 215n28

Movement for Black Lives, 67

M’Panya, Mutombo, 6163

Ms. Magazine, 43, 44

MSNBC (television network), 50, 105

Mueller, Robert, 223

Mueller Report, 25

Mugler, Thierry, 94, 95

Mulla, Mariya, 85102

Murdoch, Rupert, 123

Nadler, Anthony, 8, 134, 14346

Naked Capitalism (media blog), 226

National Advocates for Pregnant Women, 44

National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) (US), 13942

National Center for Transgender Equality, 191, 197, 198

National Center for Youth Law, 199

National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs, 186

National Crime Victimization Survey (US), 186

National Democratic Institute (NDI) (US), 26, 28, 29, 230

National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (US), 28, 29, 230, 247n72

National Former Prisoner Survey (US), 61

National Geographic, 55, 59

National Institutes of Health (US), 53

National Marine Fisheries Service (US), 59

National Security Agency (NSA) (US), 4, 141, 236, 237

National Security Council (US), 231, 232

national security letters (NSLs) (US), 24, 25, 78n20

Nature Communications (journal), 68

Navy (US), 27, 200

Naylor, Carla, 85102

Nazism, 4850, see also fascism; white supremacists

NBC News, xii, 29, 40

Nebraska, 53

neoliberalism, 6, 115, 119, 120, 232, 242

Nevada, 39

Neverland Ranch, 97

New Humanitarian (media website), 63

New Jersey, 53

New Knowledge (“information integrity” organization), xii, 233

New Orleans, LA, 215n28

New Scientist (journal), 67

New York, NY, 46, 78n12

New York State, 40, 116

New York Times, xii, 4, 27, 32, 34, 36, 39, 42, 44, 68, 75, 77, 96, 98, 105, 107, 109, 113, 115, 119, 12125, 131n56, 134, 137, 188, 189, 192, 199202, 204, 208, 209, 211, 212, 214n19, 215nn21, 29, 30, 217n53, 225, 226, 229, 238

The New Yorker, 131n55, 229

News Abuse, 3, 7, 103131

News Corp, 123

NewsGuard (“information integrity” organization), 23537, 250nn134, 138, 251n151

NewsHour (television show), 195

Newstead, Jennifer, 231

Newsweek (magazine), 61

Nguyen, Thanh, 60, 61

Nicaragua, 29, 230

Niger, 64

Nigeria, 63, 64

Nightline (television show), 195

Nimmo, Ben, 30, 79n30

Nimmo, Dan, 153

No Longer Newsworthy, 135

North America, 104, 109

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 26, 222, 227, 230, 232

North Carolina, 151, 198

North Central College, 26, 37, 43

North Dakota, 57, 148

North Korea, 35, 36

“Northern Triangle” (Central America), 104, 109, 110, 112, 114

Norway, 222

Notre-Dame Cathedral, 7, 86, 9294

Nozier, Fabrice, 76, 77

NPR (National Public Radio), 72, 105, 107, 115, 117, 226, 238, 259

Nuland, Victoria, 230

Obama, Barack, 9, 24, 47, 185, 197, 202, 203, 231, 236

Obergefell v. Hodges, 189, 205

Ocasio-Cortez, Alexandria, 11620

Ochoa, Gilda L., v

Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) (US), 42

Offset (musician), 89

Ohio, 147

oil and gas industry, 3, 8, 16, 27, 3234, 5558, 60, 61, 95, 96, 135, 141, 14648

Oil Change International, 33, 34

Oklahoma, 53, 57, 151

Omar, Ilhan, 116, 119, 120

Omidyar, Pierre, 232, 233

Oneschuk, Andrew, 50

Ontario, Canada, 222

Operation Earnest Voice (US military campaign), 155

Orange County Register, 63

Oregon, 151

Orient XXI (media website), 65

Orlando, Florida, 185

Orwell, George, xi, 10, 176, 182n21, 229

Oxfam International, 64

Oxford English Dictionary, 109

Pacific Ocean, 58, 59

Pacific Standard, 61

Page, Carter, 25, 78n22

Pakistan, 8, 173, 174, 176, 178, 179

Palestine, 65, 114, 119, 235

Palominos, Angel, 4143

Paltrow, Lynn, 43

Paradise, CA, 8, 160, 164

Parenteau, Marc, 8, 15971

Paris, France, 92, 93

Paris climate agreement, 32

Parliament Square, London, 87

Parvez, Khurram, 176

Pasadena Star-News, 63

patents, 46, 47

Patrick, Dan, 202

Patton, Troy, 2530

PayPal, 76

PBS (television network), 195

Pekow, Charles, 58, 59

Pelosi, Nancy, 86, 118

Pence, Mike, 9, 185

Pennsylvania, 57, 147

Pentagon (US), 4648, 50, 107, 202

The Pentagon Papers, 6

People (magazine), 87

Peraza, Steve, 7, 103131

Perkins, Tony, 9, 192, 203205, 211

Pew Research Center, 239, 240

pharmaceutical industry, 45, 46

Phillips, Peter, 2332, 5355, 104

Pilger, John, 235

Planned Parenthood, 44

Plautz, Jason, 52

Podemos (political party, Spain), 234

Podesta, John, 232, 233

police, see law enforcement

Police the Police (police accountability organization), 234

PolitiFact, 231, 232

Pope Francis, 97, 98

Popular Science (journal), 59

Porter, Christopher, 233, 249n114

Postman, Neil, 161

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), 177

poverty, 8, 110

Powell, Andrea, 40

powell, john a., 265

Poynter Institute, 238

Press Colony, Srinagar, Kashmir, 180

Press TV (television network), 234

Pressley, Ayanna, 11620

Prigozhin, Yevgeny V., 225

Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, 7, 86, 87

prison, 3, 4, 17, 42, 57, 106, 111, 203, 242

children in, 71, 72

labor, 35, 6163

women in, 3740, 43, 44, 91

Prison Policy Initiative, 6163

Project Censored, xii, xiii, 6, 7, 11, 12, 16, 18, 21, 22, 48, 77n7, 78nn1517, 81n68, 85, 86, 104, 133, 134, 157n16

Project for a New American Century, 232

Project Gigaton (Walmart initiative), 54

Project Owl (Google initiative), 228

propaganda, xii, 7, 10, 11, 15, 6567, 78n12, 86, 125, 133, 227, 230, 236, 237

recognizing, 8, 135, 15255, 258, 261

social media, 2630, 224, 226, 231

Propaganda Critic, 8, 133, 135, 15255

PropOrNot, xii, 28, 79n27, 22628, 235

ProPublica, 4143

ProQuest, 21, 189, 209

protest, 3, 5, 28, 46, 47, 5558, 66, 87, 88, 91, 108, 117, 118, 148, 199

Kashmir, 178, 179

Yellow Vest, 7, 95, 96, 240, 242

public health, 4346, 146, 16163, 265

and wireless technology, 5153, 261

maternal health, 43, 44, 8891, 261

mental health, 3840, 51, 64, 72, 90, 165, 177, 255, 256, 259, 270

public records destruction, 134, 13942

Puerto Rico, 68

Putin, Vladimir, 222, 224, 225

Qalamabad Handwara Camp, 174

Qatar, 6567

Quartz (media website), 61

Queens, NY, 119

racism, 2, 28, 6163, 69, 70, 73, 93, 94, 96, 197, 206209, 215n31, 241, 242, see also fascism; hate crimes; white supremacists

against women of color, 7, 38, 40, 44, 8991

radiation, 5153, 261

Rahman, Susan, 7, 4143, 45, 46, 5558, 6972, 85102

Raines, Howell, 215n21

Ramirez, Carina, 4143

Ramirez, Deborah, 124

Ramos, Jorge, 239

RAND Corporation, 191, 192, 202, 217n54

Randolph, Naomi, 43, 44

Reagan, Ronald, 230

Real Food Challenge (food activism organization), 73

Rebuilding Power in Open-Shop America, 151

Reddit, 222

Reed, Dan, 97

Reed, Hogan, 3537

Reed, Melissa, 5558, 85102

Reef Ecologic (conservation organization), 67, 68

refugees, 42, 109114, see also immigration

Regarding the Pain of Others, 160

Regin, Molly, 71, 72

Reifkind, Julia, 65

religious freedom, 44, 185, 186, 192, 201, 203, 204, 206, 209, 212

Religious Liberty Task Force (US), 186, 209, 212

Report for America (RFA), 238, 251n157, 252n160

Reporters Sans Frontières, 173

reproductive rights, 1, 43, 44, 8991, 126

Republican National Convention (US), 185

Republican Party (US), 106, 111, 114, 122, 125, 126, 133, 185, 212

Reuters, 29, 46

Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, 257

Rewire.News, 44, 91

Rice, Condoleezza, 27, 230

Ridge, Tom, 236

Rihanna (musician), 39

Rindels, Erica, 63, 64

riots, 48, 186

Rise Above Movement (RAM), 48, 49

Rising Kashmir (newspaper), 180

Rivera-Perez, Vinca, 6971, 85102

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 259

Roberts, Nyia, 71, 72

Robson, Wade, 97, 99

Rocky Mountains, 59

Roe v. Wade, 43, 44, 90

Rogers Adoption Curve, 263

Rolling Stone, 37

Rosenberger, Laura, 232, 249n104

Rosenfeld, Alexis, 68

Rosenthal, A.M. “Abe,” 188, 214n19

Ross, Betsy, 96

Roth, Andy Lee, 184, 185219

Roy, Megan, 138

Royal Dutch Shell, 27

RT (formerly Russia Today), 24, 30, 226, 234, 237

Rubinstein, Alexander, 29, 30

Rubio, Marco, 230, 232

Rushkoff, Douglas, 264

Russell, Cindy, 51

Russia, 1, 25, 2830, 49, 79n30, 94, 134, 136, 144, 186, 213, 22127, 229, 232, 233, 237, 242, 245n40

“Russiagate,” 9, 222, 223, 227, 244n14, 245n40

Rutgers University, 115

Ryzdak, Jan, 180

“Safe Harbor” law (New York State), 40

Safechuck, James, 97, 99

Sahara Desert, 109

Said, Edward, 103, 126, 127

Salt Lake City, UT, 215n28

Salt Lake City Weekly, 215n28

Samiec, Jaidene, 3740

San Diego, CA, 93

San Francisco, CA, 8, 72, 161

San Francisco State University, 50

Sanders, Sarah Huckabee, 116

Sanders, Topher, 43

Sandinista National Liberation Front, 29

Sanofi (pharmaceutical company), 45

Saudi Arabia, 66, 67

schools, 6, 7274, 120, 124, 136, 149, 151, 175, 192, see also education

engagement journalism in, 264, 26669

policing in, 16, 19, 6971

transphobia in, 195, 197204

Schüll, Natasha Dow, 168

Schwartz, Aria, 85102

Science (journal), 54

Scott, Ben, 143

Scowcroft, Brent, 230

Screenwise Meter (Google mobile app and web extension), 76

Seattle, WA, 150

Secrets of a Successful Organizer, 150

Self (online magazine), 89

Senate (US), 106, 108, 114, 121, 122, 125, 126, 205, 224, 233

Senate Armed Services Committee (US), 108

Senate Intelligence Committee (US), 227

Senate Judiciary Committee (US), 123

Sessions, Jeff, 42, 205, 209

sex trafficking, 6, 17, 3540

sexism, 2, 120, 121, 185, 186, 189, 199, 200, 203205, see also transgender issues

sexual harassment and assault, 3, 17, 117, 176, see also #MeToo movement; sex trafficking

and Brett Kavanaugh confirmation hearings, 12026

and criminalization of victims, 6, 3640

of children, 3, 37, 3943, 9799

Shadowproof, 29

Sheikh, Nazir Ahmad, 174

Shilling, Ian, 79n30

Shopping Our Way to Safety, 167

Sigrist, Jonathan, 28

Silicon Valley, CA, 8, 134, 143

Singh, Hari, 178

Singh, Lakhvir, 85102

Singh, Multani Veer, 174

Skinner, Haley, 85102

Skripal, Sergei and Yulia, 222

Slate (media website), 28, 78n26

slavery, 3538, see also forced labor; sex trafficking

Slick, Grace Wing, 85

Slobodnik, Kyle, 71, 72

Smart Cities Dive (media website), 52

Smith, Ashley, 107

Smith, Shepard, 239

Smithsonian (journal), 68

Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 54

Smollett, Jussie, 186, 208, 209

Snow, Izzy, 7, 85102

Snowden, Edward, 4, 232, 242

“Soapbox” (video channel), 29, 235

social media, 2, 8, 12, 92, 93, 117, 159, 166, 16870, 179, see also Facebook; Instagram; internet; Twitter; YouTube

bots, 79n30, 15255, 222, 233

censorship, 9, 2530, 152, 154, 225, 226, 229, 231, 258

Russian disinformation on, 134, 14345, 223, 224, 229

sockpuppets, 15255

surveillance, 3, 4648

trolls, 152, 222, 225

Social Security (US), 77

Society of Professional Journalists, 8, 133, 134, 136, 138

Sodexo (food service company), 73

Solomon, Norman, 105

Somalia, 48, 114

Sonoma State University, 23, 26, 31, 41, 53, 61, 67, 71

Sontag, Susan, 160

the South (US), 265

South America, 111

South Carolina, 86, 151

South Korea, 256

Southern Baptist Convention, 192

Southern California News Group, 63

Southern Poverty Law Center, 192, 211

Soviet Union, 221

Spain, 68, 234

Sparks, J. Ray, 30

Sparta (LGBT military organization), 200

Spotify, 235

Spotlight (movie), 98

Sprague, Jeb, 79n30, 232

Sputnik (media website and radio service), 226

“The Squad” (US congresswomen Ocasio-Cortez, Omar, Pressley, and Tlaib), 7, 104, 114, 11619

Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 17678, 180

St. George’s Chapel, 87

St. Mary Baptist Church, 92, 94

St. Petersburg, Russia, 223

Stacy, Nancy, 202

Stahl, Lesley, 230

“stand-your-ground” laws, 38, 40

Standing Rock Sioux Reservation, 57, 148

Stanford University, 180, 238

Statue of Liberty, 42, 90, 227

Steel, Anim, 73

Stein, Jill, 242

Stein, Yael, 52

Stengel, Richard, 236

Stockman, Lorne, 33

Stockton Unified School District, 6971

Stonewall riots (1969), 188

Straight News (book), 188, 210

Subway (fast food company), 54

The Sun (newspaper), 87

Sundance Film Festival, 97

Superfund (US federal program), 139

Superior Court of California, County of Sacramento, 69

Supreme Court (US), 7, 43, 44, 90, 104, 120, 122, 123, 125, 126, 151, 185, 189, 192, 198, 205

Supreme Court of Alabama, 205

Surface, Bethany, 3, 10, 19, 25573

surveillance, 18, 6567, 241, 242

corporate, 19, 76, 77, 14345

Department of Defense (US), 3, 4, 4648, 237

FBI, 24, 5558, 139

of journalists, 6, 2325, 78n22

Survived and Punished (nonprofit organization), 37, 38

Susli, Mariam, 79n30

Swann, Tanner J., 4850

Sweden, 74

Syria, 48, 79n30

Szasz, Andrew, 167

Tabb, Margaret, 4648

Target (retail goods corporation), 54

Taylor Energy, 60, 61

Tea Party (US), 204

Teamsters (labor union), 149

technology industry, 8, 18, 2630, 4648, 76, 77, 134, 14345, 229, 239, 240, see also Apple; Facebook; Google; internet; Microsoft; social media; Twitter

Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology, 161

Tela, Honduras, 110

telecommunications industry, 5053, 180, 242, 261, see also internet; technology industry

teleSUR English, 28, 29, 234

Ten Arguments for Deleting Your Social Media Accounts Right Now, 169

Tennessee, 37, 39, 204

terrorism, 46, 48, 56, 111, 112, 155, 176, 221, 222, 227, 231, 236, 256

Texas, 41, 53, 56, 202

ThinkProgress, 231

Thomas, Clarence, 123

Through the Looking-Glass, 14, 6, 1012, 13n8, 85, 86, 89, 111

Tibon, Amir, 67

Timberg, Craig, 226

Time (magazine), 146, 236

Time’s Up movement, 99

Timm, Trevor, 46, 24

Titanic (ship), 169

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (US), 62, 186

Title X (US federal program), 44

Tlaib, Rashida, 116, 117, 119, 120

Tokyo, Japan, 46

“Torture: Indian State’s Instrument of Control . . .,” 174

Trader Joe’s (supermarket company), 54

transgender issues, 185, 216n37, see also LGBTQ issues

“bathroom bills,” 9, 197, 198, 202, 206, 208, 212

civil rights, 18688, 190, 191, 196204, 210, 211, 213

education, 195, 197, 198, 202, 204

military ban, 9, 199202, 206, 208, 212, 215n32, 217n53

representation in the media, 189, 19496, 198, 208, 210

transphobia, 186, 201, 204, 205, 209211

Transportation Security Administration (TSA) (US), 139

Trinity University, 153

“triple-A” region, 31, 32

A Troublemaker’s Handbook, 2, 150

Trout, Kelly, 33

True Detective (television show), 94

Truman, Harry S., 199

Trump, Donald, 4, 17, 25, 47, 48, 67, 73, 86, 92, 106, 114, 123, 22224, 231

and the LGBTQ community, 9, 185, 186, 189, 191, 197204, 208, 212, 213, 214n8, 216n32, 217n53, 218nn71, 74

and the media, 5, 11, 24, 103, 105

antipathy towards women, 44, 90, 91, 11518, 126

environmental policy, 33, 34, 5860

immigration policy, 1, 11113

Truthdig, 226

Truthout, 54, 226, 228

Tubbs Fire (2017), 163

Tulkoff, Lindsey, 138

Turkey, 28

TV Meter (Google television and internet monitor), 76

Twitter (social media company), 1, 2, 47, 95, 125, 152, 179, 215n32, 217n53, 224, 227, 229, 230, 23335, 238, 250n122

Tyson Foods, 54

Uber (transportation company), 75

Ukraine, 4850, 79n30, 230

undocumented persons, 36, 42, 91, see also immigration

unemployment, 6163, 75, see also labor

United Arab Emirates (UAE), 66, 67

United Caucuses of Rank-and-File Educators, 151

United Kingdom (UK), 5, 79n30, 8688, 97, 99, 109, 178, 222, 227, 230, 232, 256

United Nations (UN), 34, 37, 39, 173, 178, 180

Biodiversity Conference, 31

Development Programme, 64

Human Rights Council, 177

International Labour Organization, 35

Office on Drugs and Crime, 39

United States farm bill (2018), 73

United States foreign policy, 2530, 46, 49, 66, 67, 119, 155, 227, 232, 234

United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA), 209, 210, 212

University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 194, 195, 216n37

University of California, Santa Barbara, 232

University of California, Santa Cruz, 68

University of Cantabria, 68

University of Massachusetts, 61

University of Massachusetts Amherst, 63

University of Ottawa, 49

University of Vermont, 35, 46, 74

University of Waterloo, 54

University of Westminster, 180

Univision (television network), 238, 239

UPS (United Parcel Service), 149

U.S. News & World Report, 117

US Newsstream (database), 189, 209

USA PATRIOT Act, 231, 236

USA Today, 43, 59, 63, 68, 75, 105, 109, 115, 117

Utne Reader, 258

Validated Independent News (VIN), 21, 78n16

Vancouver, Canada, 234

Vatican City, 97

Venezuela, 28, 29, 234, 235

Venezuelan Consulate (Vancouver, Canada), 234, 250n122

Venezuelanalysis, 28, 29, 234

Vermont, 222

Veterans for Peace (anti-war organization), 108

Victoria, Texas, 93

Vietnam, 106108

ViVe Televisión, 234

Voice of America (radio network), 237

Walk Free Foundation, 35, 36

Wall Street, NY, 147

Wall Street Journal, 105, 107, 115, 12026, 189, 192, 200, 201, 203, 209, 211, 212, 215n30, 217n53, 226, 229, 238

Walmart, 54, 55

Wani, Burhan, 179, 180

war, xii, 4, 6, 28, 106108, 110, 173, 231, 232, 234, 24042, 255, 256, see also military; weapons

Cold War, 26, 221, 222

World War I, 5, 78n12

World War II, 188

Ward, David, 112

Warren, Elizabeth, 235

Washburn, David, 79

Washington, DC, 27, 40, 65, 108, 114, 118

Washington Office on Latin America, 110

Washington Post, 4, 28, 53, 55, 5961, 64, 79n27, 105, 108, 109, 117, 131nn56, 57, 134, 137, 189, 192, 197, 198, 209, 211, 212, 215nn29, 30, 217n53, 226, 227, 229, 238

Washington State, 151

“Waste-Ed” (video channel), 29, 235

Watts, Clint, 227, 246n48

Watts, John T., 230

Watts, Jordan, 74, 75

WBUR (radio station), 117

weapons, 4, 38, 49, 144, 173, 230, 233, see also military; militias; war

Weave News, 104

Webb, Whitney, 49, 50

Weekly Standard, 231, 237

Wells, Jamie, 5053

West Bank, Palestine, 67

West Virginia, 147, 150, 151

WhatsApp, 234

Whitaker, Matthew, 90

White, Hayden, 114

White House (US), 92, 116, 201, 214n8, 231, 232

white supremacists, 4850, 92, 93, 120

Whole Foods (supermarket company), 54, 55

Wholesome Wave, 72

WikiLeaks, 4, 226, 228, 237, 251n151

Williams, Rob, 3537, 4648, 74, 75

Williams Institute, 194, 195, 216n37, 41

Wilson, Korsha, 72

Windows (operating system), 236

wireless technology, 5053, 261, see also telecommunications industry

Wisconsin, 151

Wolff, Richard D., 96

women, 196, 234, see also inequality; #MeToo movement; reproductive rights; sexism; sexual harassment and assault; transgender issues

and the criminal justice system, 6, 3640, 4244, 62

gender identity, 194, 195, 210

health issues, 1, 43, 44, 8891, 126, 261

in politics, 11419

labor, 6, 17, 3540, 62, 73

race and ethnicity, 7, 3740, 44, 62, 8991, 109, 114, 11619

violence against, 1, 3, 6, 17, 3640, 117, 176, 12426, 176

Women’s March (Washington, DC, 2017), 117

The World (New York newspaper), 78n12

World Health Organization (WHO), 45, 51

World Socialist Web Site, 228

Wu, Jay, 198

Wyoming, 57

Yale Program on Climate Change Communication, 259

Yang, Amber, 3, 10, 19, 25573

Yellow Vest movement, 7, 95, 96, 240, 242

Yemen, 48, 107

YES! Magazine, 16, 6973

young people, 45, 73, 88, 124, 175, 193, 230, 269, see also education; schools

and celebrity, 7, 8689, 99

and the criminal justice system, 3640, 6972

and transgender issues, 9, 197, 199, 202204, 206, 208, 212

health issues, 43, 8991, 177, 178

immigrant, 3, 35, 4143

millennials, 29, 74, 75, 114, 239, 241, 255

sexual abuse of, 38, 4143, 9799, 176

YouTube, 76, 152, 179, 234, 235

Zippay, Mackenzie, 67, 68