NOTES

INTRODUCTION

1. Seen Lippert, interview, April 24, 2006.

2. Thomas Keller, chef-owner of the French Laundry, interview, May 1, 2006.

3. Eberhard Muller, interview, March 28, 2006. Muller’s culinary credits include the Michelin three-star Paris restaurant L’Archestrate and the New York Times four-star restaurant Le Bernardin, among others.

4. According to a recent study, the top priorities for leaders both now and in the future are succession management, leadership development, and talent acquisition and retention. See Rebecca L. Ray, Charles Mitchell, Amy Lui Abel, Patti Phillips, Emily Lawson, Bryan Hancock, Allison Watson, Brooke Weddle, The State of Human Capital 2012, Research Report R-1501-12-RR, Report by McKinsey & Company and the Conference Board, 2012. McKinsey’s War for Talent created quite a stir when it was launched in 1998, but the effects of this war remain ambiguous. Eight years after that initial report, McKinsey published a follow-up lament. Interviews with senior leaders, including CEOs, revealed that more than half were unhappy with the attention paid to talent development in their organizations. Consider this quote from the article: “Senior managers don’t see the point of managing people and getting the best out of them.” (M. Guthridge, A. B. Komm, and E. Lawson, “The People Problem in Talent Management,” McKinsey Quarterly 2 [2006], 6–8.)

5. BlackRock Investor Forum, October 23, 2014.

CHAPTER 1: ICONOCLASTS, GLORIOUS BASTARDS, AND NURTURERS

1. Gail Shister, “Inquirer Leaves Good and Bad Memories at 400 North Broad Street,” Philadelphia, June 26, 2012, http://www.phillymag.com/news/2012 /06/26/inquirer-leaves-400-north-broad-street/#DDYK4vjIArpZrIvd.99 (accessed December 27, 2014).

2. Alan Heavens, “Inquirer Sells Its Building,” Philly.com, July 29, 2011 (accessed December 27, 2014).

3. Bob Andelman, “Roberts’ Rules of Leadership,” Poynter Online, September 3, 2002, http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=46544 (accessed October 14, 2010).

4. Rich Heidorn, “Is There Life After the Newsroom? The Philadelphia Inquirer Reunion,” Tree House Media Project, July 17, 2008, http://treehouse-media.net/blog/is-there-life-after-the-newsroom-the-philadelphia-inquirer-reunion/2008/ (accessed October 14, 2010).

5. Jim Naughton, interview, September 30, 2010. Naughton was the past president emeritus of the Poynter Institute and longtime associate managing editor–news editor under Roberts.

6. Ibid.

7. Ibid.

8. Don Barlett, interview, September 30, 2010. A longtime investigative reporter at the Philadelphia Inquirer, Barlett won two Pulitzer Prizes for National Reporting while at the paper.

9. Rich Heidorn, “Is There Life After the Newsroom?”

10. John H. McManus, “Who’s Responsible for Journalism?” Journal of Mass Media Ethics: Exploring Questions of Media Morality 12 (1) (1997), 8.

11. Even though “engaged workers are the lifeblood of their organizations,” the Gallup (2012) report “State of the American Workplace: Employee Engagement Insights for U.S. Business Leaders” found that 70% of surveyed workers are unhappy at work (20% reported as actively disengaged, and another 50% uninspired by their work or their managers).

12. Alfred Lubrano, “A Final Farewell, but the Tower’s Stories Live On,” Philly .com, July 2, 2012 (accessed December 26, 2014).

13. Ibid.

14. Ibid.

15. Gene Roberts, interview, October 1, 2010.

16. “The Press: Philadelphia Story,” Time, September 3, 1973, http://www.time .com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,910757-2,00.html (accessed October 14, 2010).

17. Gene Foreman, interview, September 20, 2010. Retired Larry and Ellen Foster Professor of Journalism at Pennsylvania State University, he was managing editor under Roberts; Alicia Shepard, “The Inquirer’s Midlife Crisis,” ajr .org, January/February 1995 (accessed December 26, 2014).

18. John Carroll, former editor of the Baltimore Sun and Los Angeles Times, and the metro editor under Gene Roberts, interview, October 1, 2010.

19. Gene Roberts, interview, October 1, 2010.

20. Julia Cass, “Roberts Transformed Newspaper,” Philly.com, August 1, 1990, http://articles.philly.com/1990-08-01/news/25931660_1_eugene-l-roberts – journalism-investigative-reporter (accessed December 27, 2014).

21. Data on coaches, coaching changes, and coaching trees was accessed on May 9, 2014, from a variety of sources: The Huddle, http://www.thehuddle.com/2014/nfl/coaching-changes.php; http://coachingroots.com/football/coaches; http://www .sports-central.org.

22. Bloody Mama also starred Bruce Dern, the 2013 Academy Award winner for Best Actor in Nebraska.

23. “A Mile High Is a Sweet Spot for REITs: Real Estate Investment Trusts Like to Call Denver Home,” ColoradoBiz, March 1, 2008, http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-7628145/A-mile-high-is-a.html (accessed May 2010).

24. Gerald H. Tolson and Michael J. Cuyjet, “Jazz and Substance Abuse: Road to Creative Genius or Pathway to Premature Death,” International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 30 (2007), 530–38; John Tucker, interview with author, April 9, 2008.

25. “Alumni Life: Passings,” Northwestern magazine, http://www.northwestern .edu/magazine/spring2014/alumnilife/passings.html (accessed December 26, 2014).

26. John Tucker, interview, April 9, 2008.

27. Miles Davis with Quincy Troupe, Miles: The Autobiography of Miles Davis (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 311.

28. Alice Waters, interview, July 26, 2006.

29. Phoebe Eaton, “Fashion’s Number One: Ralph Lauren Is the Biggest-Selling Designer in the World. He’s Created Some of Fashion’s Greatest Hits, and his Influence Can Be Felt Around the World. On the Eve of his 40th Anniversary Year, He Reveals the Secret of his Staggering Success,” Harper’s Bazaar, March 1, 2006, 46, http://www.lexisnexis.com (accessed October 1, 2008).

30. Davis and Troupe, 196.

31. Quincy Troupe, Miles and Me (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 2000), 45.

32. In “Talking Jazz,” The Miles Davis Companion: Four Decades of Commentary, ed. Gary Carner (London: Omnibus Press, 1996), 196, as cited in Paul Tingen, Miles Beyond (New York: Billboard Books, 2001), 24.

33. Davis and Troupe, 273.

34. Ibid.

35. Interview with Bill Evans, Grammy-nominated saxophonist, September 22, 2006.

36. Stuart Lauchlan, “Interview: Steve Garnett, Chairman and Co-president EMEA, Salesforce.com,” Mycustomer.com, July 10, 2007, http://www.my customer.com/cgi-bin/item.cgi?id=133118 (accessed November 2009).

37. This point was made in virtually all of the interviews I did with former Oracle employees.

38. Mike Seashols, interview, November 3, 2006. Seashols, who was the first VP for sales and marketing at Oracle, went on to become chairman, CEO, or president of nine other high-tech companies after leaving Oracle.

39. Matthew Symonds, Softwar (New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks, 2003), 290.

40. Ibid.

41. Gary Bloom, interview, May 24, 2007.

42. Cheryl Hall, “Dallas Restaurateur Norman Brinker Dies,” Dallas Morning News, June 11, 2009, http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/bus/stories/061009dnbusbrinkerobit.62c468c5.html (accessed January 20, 2010).

43. Richard Feloni, “Why Oracle Founder Larry Ellison NEEDS To Have The World’s Greatest Competitive Team,” Business Insider, http://www.business insider.com/larry-ellison-yacht-racing-2014-10 (accessed January 2, 2015).

44. He competed in equestrian competition at the Helsinki Summer Olympics in 1952. “William Grimes, Norman Brinker, Casual Dining Innovator, Dies at 78,” New York Times, June 9, 2009, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/10/business/10brinker.html?r=0 (accessed June 15, 2015).

45. Leslie Berlin, The Man Behind the Microchip: Robert Noyce and the Invention of Silicon Valley (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006).

46. Howard Rudnitsky, Allan Sloan, Richard L. Stern, and Matthew Heller, “A One Man Revolution,” Forbes, August 25, 1986, http://www.factiva.com (accessed April 2010).

47. Leslie Berlin, The Man Behind the Microchip, 2.

48. Joyce Goldstein, another James Beard Award–winning chef who worked at Chez Panisse, interview, August 17, 2005.

49. Marty Staff, former president and CEO of Hugo Boss, interview, May 28, 2008.

50. Charles Prince, interview, October 23, 2006.

51. Sandy Lutz, “Frist ‘Family Tree’ Has Roots Firmly Planted in Nashville,” Modern Healthcare, September 11, 1995, 46.

52. Victor Campbell, senior vice president, Health Corporation of America, interview, October 16, 2008.

53. Atso Almila, interview with author, May 2, 2006.

54. Bob Andelman, “Roberts’ Rules of Leadership,” Poynter Online, September 3, 2002, http://www.poynter.org/content/content_view.asp?id=46544 (accessed October 14, 2010).

55. Paul Tingen, Miles Beyond, 15.

56. http://www.forbes.com/profile/ralph-lauren/ (accessed April 14, 2015).

57. “Grammy Hall of Fame: Past Recipients.” Grammy.org, http://www.grammy .org/recording-academy/awards/hall-of-fame (accessed December 26, 2014); “Lifetime Achievement Award,” Grammy.org., http://www.grammy.org/recording – academy/awards/lifetime-awards (accessed December 26, 2014).

58. http://www.forbes.com/profile/larry-ellison/ (accessed August 1, 2015).

CHAPTER 2: GETTING PEOPLE WHO “GET IT”

1. Melissa Kelly, interview, December 12, 2006.

2. “Chef Melissa Kelly of Primo—Biography,” Star Chefs, September 2013, http://www.starchefs.com/cook/chefs/bio/melissa-kelly (accessed December 2014).

3. Melissa Kelly, interview, December 12, 2006.

4. Meredith Goad, “Chef Melissa Kelly: ‘It Just All Felt Very Surreal,’” Portland Press Herald, May 6, 2013, http://www.pressherald.com/2013/05/06/maine – chef-wins-prestigious-james-beard-award/ (accessed December 2014).

5. http://www.primorestaurant.com (accessed August 2, 2015).

6. Joseph Hayes, “Salad Days,” Orlando Magazine, February 2013, http://www .orlandomagazine.com/Orlando-Magazine/February-2013/Salad-Days/ (accessed July 1, 2014).

7. Don Barlett, longtime investigative reporter at the Philadelphia Inquirer, inter – view, September 30, 2010.

8. Marty Staff, former president and CEO, Hugo Boss, interview, May 28, 2008.

9. Lorne Michaels, producer, Saturday Night Live, interview, March 7, 2008.

10. Lee Clow, chairman, TBWA/Media Arts Lab, interview, July 15, 2005.

11. Rick Berman, former senior executive at Steak and Ale restaurant chain, interview, May 2, 2006.

12. R. Scot Sellers, chairman and CEO, Archstone, and former VP for Sanders at Security Capital, interview, September 15, 2008.

13. Mike Wilson, The Difference Between God and Larry Ellison (New York: William Morrow and Company, 1997), 9.

14. Shades of billionaire Peter Thiel, the PayPal veteran and early Facebook investor who is funding fellowships for young people who choose to skip university in favor of some scientific, social, or business endeavor.

15. “Interview: Larry Ellison Founder, Oracle Corporation,” Academy of Achievement, May 22, 1997, http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/ell0int-1 (accessed November 2009).

16. Bill Barber, We Were Champions: The 49ers Dynasty in Their Own Words. (Chicago: Triumph Books, 2002), 36.

17. Miles Davis with Quincy Troupe, Miles: The Autobiography (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 263.

18. Constance Moore, president and CEO, BRE Properties, interview, December 18, 2008.

19. Stevan Alburty, former director of information systems, Chiat\Day, and the creator and keeper of JayDay.org, the website dedicated to the memory of Jay Chiat, interview, June 3, 2005.

20. James M. Naughton, 46 Frogs: Confessions of a Media Scamp (unpublished manuscript, 2010), 222.

21. John Tucker, interview, April 9, 2008.

22. John Griffin, founder and president, Blue Ridge Capital, interview, October 15, 2012.

23. Ibid.

24. “Interview: Larry Ellison Founder, Oracle Corporation,” Academy of Achievement, May 22, 1997, http://www.achievement.org/autodoc/page/ell0int-1 (accessed November 2009).

25. C. Ronald Blankenship, president and CEO, Verde Realty, interview, January 8, 2009.

26. Davis with Troupe, Miles: The Autobiography, 286.

27. William Ruhlmann, “Artist Biography,” All Music, http://www.allmusic.com/artist/john-coltrane-mn0000175553/biography (accessed December 2014).

28. Lauren Collins, “Burger Queen,” New Yorker, November 22, 2010, http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/11/22/burger-queen (accessed February 1, 2015).

29. Michael Gross, Genuine Authentic (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2003), 263.

30. Joyce Goldstein, interview, August 17, 2005.

31. Joanne Weir, James Beard Award–winning cookbook author and chef, interview, July 26, 2005.

32. Marc Chiat, artist-director, interview, September 14, 2005.

33. Bill Sanders, interview, January 20, 2009.

34. Roy Bukstein, one of the first employees at Oracle, quoted in Mike Wilson, The Difference Between God and Larry Ellison (New York: William Morrow and Company, 1997), 93.

35. Seen Lippert, interview, April 24, 2006.

36. David Kamp, United States of Arugula: How We Became a Gourmet Nation (New York: Clarkson Potter, 2006), 164.

37. Tom Shales and James Andrew Miller, Live from New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2002), 40.

38. Mark Dippe, interview, October 27, 2006.

39. Seen Lippert, interview, April 24, 2006.

CHAPTER 3: MOTIVATING EXCEPTIONAL PEOPLE TO DO THE IMPOSSIBLE

1. Paul Goldberger, “Architecture View: 25 Years of Unabashed Elitism,” New York Times, February 2, 1992, http://www.nytimes.com/1992/02/02/arts/ architecture-view-25-years-of-unabashed-elitism.html?sec= (accessed February 2010).

2. Joseph Abboud, Threads (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2004), 104.

3. Salvatore Cesarani, part-time assistant professor, course bio (New York: Parsons School of Design), http://www.newschool.edu/parsons/faculty.aspx?id=4f44-5178-4d51-3d3d (accessed December 31, 2014).

4. Sal Cesarani, interview, July 31, 2008.

5. Ibid.

6. Ibid.

7. Ibid.

8. Ibid.

9. Ron Marston, interview, January 30, 2009.

10. Michael Gross, Genuine Authentic (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2003), 219.

11. Deloitte Millennial Survey, January 2014, http://www2.deloitte.com/global/en/pages/about-deloitte/articles/2014-millennial-survey-positive-impact.html (accessed January 3, 2015); Telefónica Global Millennial Survey, November 2014, http://survey.telefonica.com/survey-findings/ (accessed January 3, 2015).

12. C. Ronald Blankenship, president and CEO, Verde Realty, interview, January 8, 2009.

13. Victor Campbell, interview, October 16, 2008.

14. Andy Samberg, 2014 Golden Globe winner for the sitcom Brooklyn Ninety-Nine, interview, April 30, 2008.

15. Technology executive, interview, June 10, 2009.

16. Carmen Policy, former president and CEO of the San Francisco 49ers and Cleveland Browns, interview, May 26, 2006.

17. Don Suter, CEO of M3 Capital Partners, interview, September 24, 2008.

18. Ibid.

19. Constance Moore, president and CEO, BRE Properties, interview, December 18, 2008.

20. Andy Samberg, interview, April 30, 2008.

21. Chase Coleman, interview, October 15, 2012.

22. Lee Clow, chairman, TBWA/Media Arts Lab, interview, July 15, 2005.

23. David Lipke, “Polo U; There Are No Classrooms, No Professors and No Ivy on the Walls, but Polo Ralph Lauren Has Long Been a Training Ground for the Men’s Wear Industry,” Daily News Record, July 22, 2002.

24. David A. Vise, “Michael Milken: A Dream-Maker’s Rude Awakening,” Washington Post, November 20, 1988, http://www.lexisnexis.com (accessed April 2010).

25. C. Ronald Blankenship, interview, January 8, 2009.

26. David Lipke, Daily News Record, July 22, 2002.

27. Connie Bruck, The Predators’ Ball: The Inside Story of Drexel Burnham and the Rise of the Junk Bond Raiders (New York: Penguin Books, 1988), 56.

28. David Carr, “101 Secrets (and 9 Lives) of a Magazine Star,” New York Times, June 29, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/29/business/media/29bon nie.html?_r=1&oref=slogin.

29. Megan Hamill, “Celebrity, Spanish, Teen Categories Break the Mold,” Circulation Management, 2005, http://www.circman.com/viewmedia.asp?prm MID=1807.

30. Myrna Blyth, “How About a Bit Less?,” National Review, April 17, 2006, http://www.nationalreview.com/article/217342/how-about-bit-less-myrna-blyth (accessed August 2, 2015).

31. http://finance.groups.yahoo.com/group/isurvivedbonnie/.

32. John Griffin, founder and president, Blue Ridge Capital, interview, October 15, 2012.

33. R. Scot Sellers, interview, September 15, 2008.

34. Clearly employees are getting burned out. According to the 2014 Deloitte Global Human Capital Trends report, 79 percent of respondents reported that engaging and retaining employees were “important” or “urgent” problems. See http://d2mtr37y39tpbu.cloudfront.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Global HumanCapitalTrends_2014.pdf.

35. Gallup, State of the American Workplace: Employee Engagement Insights for U.S. Business Leaders, 2012.

36. Doug Hill and Jeff Weingrad, Saturday Night: A Backstage History of Saturday Night Live (San Francisco: Untreed Reads, 2011), e-book.

37. Howard Roffman, interview, December 19, 2007. It’s also worth noting that Lucas was exactly right. Sixteen years after Return of the Jedi, the so-called prequel trilogy movies started to hit the screens (generating global box-office receipts of $2.5 billion). And at the end of 2015, the seventh film (Star Wars: The Force Awakens), this time directed by J. J. Abrams, was released.

38. David Harris, The Genius: How Bill Walsh Reinvented Football and Created a Dynasty (New York: Random House, 2008), 86.

39. Tom Shales and James Andrew Miller, Live From New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2002), 22.

40. R. Scot Sellers, interview, September 15, 2008.

41. Howard Kazanjian, interview, October 3, 2007.

42. Ibid., December 19, 2007.

43. Michael Rubin, interview, January 30, 2007.

44. Miles Davis with Quincy Troupe, Miles: The Autobiography (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 205.

45. Thomas McNamee, Alice Waters and Chez Panisse (New York: Penguin Books, 2007), 227.

46. Shales and Miller, 571.

47. Linda Lewis, chief financial officer, Broadway Real Estate Partners, interview, September 9, 2008.

48. Phil Tippett, interview, August 14, 2007. Tippett won an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects for Jurassic Park in 1994.

49. Sheila Barry, “Tribute to Robert Mondavi,” Napa Valley Vintners, member post, May 21, 2008, 3:05:30 p.m., http://www.napavintners.com/robert _mondavi/in_memory.asp (accessed July 30, 2008).

50. Joyce Goldstein, interview, August 17, 2005.

51. Protégé Chase Coleman, for example, was named in 2011 to Forbes’s “Youngest Billionnaires in the World” list at the age of thirty-six: “Youngest Billionaires in the World,” Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/pictures/eimh45lhg/no-15-chase-coleman/ (accessed December 31 2014).

52. Again, the connection to the millennial generation jumps out. Remarkably, almost all of the superbosses profiled in this book rose to prominence before anyone even knew what the word millennial came to mean, yet the superboss playbook—both here when it comes to motivation and continuing in subsequent chapters as I share other elements of the playbook—seems tailor-made for the workplace challenges of our era.

53. Tom Carroll, chairman, TBWA Worldwide, interview, July 18, 2005.

54. Jeffrey A. Trachtenberg, Ralph Lauren: The Man Behind the Mystique (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1988), 154.

CHAPTER 4: UNCOMPROMISINGLY OPEN

1. Valerie J. Nelson, “Bebe Barron: Her Pioneering Score for ‘Forbidden Planet’ Helped Popularize Electronic Music,” Los Angeles Times, April 27, 2008, Obituaries.

2. Geeta Dayal, “Ben Burtt on Star Wars, Forbidden Planet and the Sound of Sci-Fi,” Wired, May 5, 2012, http://www.wired.com/2012/05/ben-burtt-sci-fi-sound-effects/ (accessed December 29, 2014).

3. Ibid.

4. “‘The Sounds of Star Wars,’ Now at Fans’ Fingertips,” National Public Radio, Weekend Edition, Sunday, December 12, 2010, http://www.npr.org/2010/ 12/12/131968222/-the-sounds-of-star-wars-now-at-fans-fingertips (accessed December 30, 2014).

5. Ibid.

6. Ben Burtt, sound designer at Lucasfilm, interview, November 29, 2007.

7. Ibid.

8. Ibid.

9. Ibid.

10. Academy Awards Database—Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), http://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/ampas_awards/BasicSearchInput .jsp (accessed December 30, 2014).

11. Susan King, “Ben Burtt on the Sound of ‘Raiders,’ ‘ET’ and Spielberg’s Inspiration,” Hero Complex (blog), Los Angeles Times, October 2, 2012, http://herocomplex.latimes.com/movies/ben-burtt-on-the-sound-of-raiders-et-and – spielbergs-inspiration/ (accessed December 30, 2014).

12. Animation Sound Design: Ben Burtt Creates the Sounds for Wall-E (Part 2 of 2) (Walt Disney Pictures, Special Feature on the DVD release of Wall-E, 2008), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eySh8FOUphm (accessed December 30, 2014).

13. Seen Lippert, interview, April 24, 2006.

14. Thomas McNamee, Alice Waters and Chez Panisse (New York: Penguin Books, 2007), 49.

15. Alice Waters, interview, July 26, 2006.

16. Lindsey Shere, winner of the James Beard Award for Outstanding Pastry Chef, interview, February 20, 2006.

17. Interview with Joanne Weir, James Beard Award-winning cookbook author and chef, July 26, 2005.

18. Seen Lippert, interview, April 24, 2006.

19. Ibid.

20. Alice Waters, interview, July 26, 2006.

21. Kyle Craig, interview, March 29, 2006.

22. Ken Sugiura, “The West Coast Offense Is Born: Walsh’s Scheme; Innovative Coach Took Limited Passer and Created an Offensive Philosophy,” Atlanta Journal-Constitution, September 5, 2004, http://www.lexisnexis.com (accessed March 2010).

23. 2014 Official NFL Record & Factbook (National Football League, 2014), 552.

24. Ken Sugiura, “The West Coast Offense Is Born.”

25. Bill Walsh, “West Coast Offense 101,” Sporting News, January 19, 1999, http://www.sportingnews.com/archives/sports2000/trends/135237.html (accessed March 2010).

26. Scott Hume, “Norman Brinker: Casual Dining’s Trailblazer Reflects on His Career with Pride and Satisfaction,” Restaurants & Institutions (accessed October 2004).

27. Top 10 Memorable Movie Eating Scenes, Time, January 6, 2012, http://www.entertainment.time.com/2012/01/06/top-10-memorable-movie-eating-scenes/slide/tom-jones/ (accessed December 30, 2014).

28. Norman Brinker and Donald T. Phillips, On the Brink: The Life and Leadership of Norman Brinker (Irving, TX: Tapestry Press, 2002), 83–84.

29. Ibid., 86.

30. Lou Neeb, former Chairman and CEO, Burger King, interview, July 26, 2006.

31. Jim Sullivan, “What You Say Is What You Get: Quotable Quotes 2005,” Nation’s Restaurant News, July 18, 2005, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3190/is_29_39/ai_n14819910/ (accessed January 2010).

32. Kyle Craig, interview, March 29, 2006.

33. Adelaide Horton, former senior vice president and chief operating officer, Chiat\Day, interview, July 6, 2005.

34. Scott Ross, interview, April 19, 2007.

35. Kyle Craig, interview, March 29, 2006.

36. Stevan Alburty, former director of information systems, Chiat\Day, and the creator and keeper of JayDay.org, the website dedicated to the memory of Jay Chiat, interview, June 3, 2005.

37. Character actor Dick Miller, quoted in Beverly Gray, Roger Corman: An Unauthorized Life (Los Angeles: Renaissance Books, 2000), 51.

38. Clive Thompson, “End the Tyranny of 24/7 Email,” New York Times, August 28, 2014 (accessed December 31, 2014). Thompson cites the research of Jennifer Deal at the Center for Creative Leadership on email practices in the workplace.

39. John Griffin, founder and president, Blue Ridge Capital, interview, October 15, 2012.

40. Miles Davis, with Quincy Troupe, Miles: The Autobiography (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 273.

41. Tom Shales and James Andrew Miller, Live from New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2002), 345.

42. Jennifer Armstrong, “The Evolution of ‘SNL,’” EW.com, September 22, 2006, http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,1537658,00.html (accessed January 2010).

43. Alice Waters, interview, July 26, 2006.

44. David Murphy, interview, June 16, 2005.

45. Sal Cesarani, interview, July 31, 2008.

46. Sam Merrill, “A Candid Conversation with Roone Arledge, Sports Broadcasting Visionary,” Playboy, January 30, 2014, http://playboysfw.kinja.com/a-candid-conversation-with-roone-arledge-sports-broadc-1511880255 (accessed December 30, 2014).

47. Ibid.

48. Kyle Craig, interview, March 29, 2006.

49. Marj Charlier, “Maverick of Dinner Houses Faces Spaghetti Shoot-Out,” Wall Street Journal, January 29, 1990, B1.

50. Michael Barrier, “Entrepreneurs Who Excel,” Nation’s Business (August 1996), http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1154/is_n8_v84/ai_18522633/ (accessed January 2010).

51. Eivind Aadland, interview, October 13, 2006.

52. Ibid.

53. Beverly Gray, Roger Corman: An Unauthorized Life, 214.

54. Ibid.

55. Lou Neeb, former chairman and CEO, Burger King, interview, July 26, 2006.

56. Sid Ganis, senior VP at Lucasfilm during the early 1980s, interview, April 5, 2007. Ganis went on to produce more than a dozen movies, and in 2005 was elected president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

57. John P. Kotter, Leading Change (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2012).

58. The term undiscussable was coined by the late management theorist Chris Argyris. For more, see his classic book, Overcoming Organizational Defenses: Facilitating Organizational Learning (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1990).

CHAPTER 5: MASTERS AND APPRENTICES

1. Dario A. Covi, Andrea del Verrocchio: Life and Work (Florence: Leo S. Olschki, 2005), 251.

2. Ibid., 14.

3. Ibid., 15.

4. Liletta Fornasari, “Andrea del Verrocchio and the Workshops of Tuscany,” in Verrocchio and the Renasisance Atelier, trans. Susan Herbstritt (Firenze: Pagliai Polistampa, 2001), 15.

5. Ibid.

6. Patricia Rubin and Alison Wright, Renaissance Florence: The Art of the 1470s (London: National Gallery Press, 1999), 104.

7. Jill Dunkerton, “Leonardo in Verrocchio’s Workshop: Re-examining the Technical Evidence,” National Gallery Technical Bulletin 32, 15.

8. Rubin and Wright, 97.

9. Biography Online, “Top 10 Artists/Painters of All Time,” http://www.biogra phyonline.net/artists/top-10-painters.html (accessed January 2, 2015).

10. Tamar Jacoby, “Why Germany Is So Much Better at Training Its Workers,” Atlantic, October 16, 2014, http://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/ 10/why-germany-is-so-much-better-at-training-its-workers/381550/ (accessed January 3, 2015).

11. United States Department of Labor Employment and Training Administration, http://www.doleta.gov/oa/data_statistics.cfm (accessed January 2, 2015).

12. Lois Therrien, “Marlboro Man, Meet the Master of Mayo,” Business Week, October 31, 1988, http://www.lexisnexis.com (accessed February 2010).

13. Richard Gibson and Robert Johnson, “. . . And Richman’s Acumen May Prove Kraft’s Undoing,” Wall Street Journal, October 19, 1988, http://www.factiva .com (accessed February 2010).

14. John Tucker, interview, April 9, 2008.

15. Ibid.

16. Ibid.

17. Paul Batalden, interview, October 20, 2006.

18. Juhani Poutanen, Finnish violinist, interview, June 23, 2006.

19. John Carroll, former editor of the Baltimore Sun and Los Angeles Times, and the metro editor of the Philadelphia Inquirer under Gene Roberts, interview, October 1, 2010.

20. Samuel Howard, chairman and CEO of Phoenix Holdings, Inc., and Xantus Corporation, interview, August 12, 2008.

21. Connie Bruck, The Predators’ Ball: The Inside Story of Drexel Burnham and the Rise of the Junk Bond Raiders (New York: Penguin Books, 1988), 87.

22. “Brinker International: The Personal Touch,” Financial World 162 (12) (June 8, 1993), 38.

23. Eivind Aadland, chief conductor and artistic leader, Trondheim Symphony Orchestra, interview, October 13, 2006.

24. Sid Ganis, senior vice president at Lucasfilm, and former president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, interview, April 5, 2007.

25. Thomas Keller, chef-owner of the French Laundry, interview, May 1, 2006.

26. Noyce filed U.S. Patent 2,981,877 in 1959. In 1980, Jack Kilby, who worked at Texas Instruments, was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for the invention of the integrated circuit, an honor Noyce would have shared with him had he not died ten years earlier. No less a pioneer in integrated circuits than Julius Blank, one of the original “Traitorous Eight” who left Shockley Semiconductor to go to Fairchild at the very beginning of the revolution that created Silicon Valley, believes Bob Noyce would have won a Nobel Prize had he been alive when Jack Kilby was so honored. He told me, “Absolutely. I know Jack and I think he did a great job, but nobody makes that device the way he did it. Kilby’s invention is unmakeable; you couldn’t manufacture it without what Noyce did” (Julius Blank, interview, June 15, 2006).

27. Robert Slater, Portraits in Silicon (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1989), 153.

28. Charles E. Sporck and Richard L. Molay, Spinoff: A Personal History of the Industry That Changed the World (Saranac Lake, NY: Saranac Lake Publishing, 2001), 3.

29. Tom Wolfe, “The Tinkerings of Robert Noyce,” Esquire, December 1983, 346–74, http://www.factiva.com (accessed November 12, 2008).

30. Gordon Moore, cofounder of Intel, interview, August 17, 2006.

31. Ibid.

32. Tom Wolfe, “The Tinkerings of Robert Noyce.”

33. Tim Jackson, Inside Intel (New York: Dutton, 1997), 37.

34. John Griffin, founder and president, Blue Ridge Capital, interview, October 15, 2012.

35. Open offices have come under fire in recent years, with critics regarding them as too loud and unsuitable for introverts. I would note that the downsides to open offices tend to arise when leaders operate out of a desire to cut costs and stuff more people into the same space, and when they promote a false egalitarianism. In the case of superbosses, open offices reflect a genuine attempt to embrace egalitarianism, and employees tend to have a far more positive experience.

36. Stevan Alburty, former director of information systems, Chiat\Day, and the creator and keeper of JayDay.org, the website dedicated to the memory of Jay Chiat, interview, June 3, 2005.

37. Chris Blackhurst, “Exclusive MT Interview: Archie Norman,” Management Today, September 3, 2007, http://www.managementtoday.co.uk/search/article/ 735030/exclusive-mt-interview-archie-norman/ (accessed October 15, 2008).

38. It should come as no surprise then to find that the most structured and bureaucratic companies tend to be the least fruitful hunting grounds for corporate recruiting firms (Dean Foust, “Where Headhunters Fear to Tread,” Business Week, September 14, 2009, 42–44).

39. Tom Carroll, chairman, TBWA Worldwide, interview, July 18, 2005.

40. David Curtis, interview, November 8, 2006.

41. Ibid.

42. Ibid.

43. Ibid.

44. John Carroll, interview, October 1, 2010.

45. Luc Vandevelde, interview, January 21, 2008.

46. John Carroll, interview, October 1, 2010.

47. Scott Ross, interview, April 19, 2007.

48. Bill Evans, Grammy-nominated saxophonist, interview, September 22, 2006.

49. Mary Sue Milliken, co-owner-chef of Border Grill (Santa Monica and Las Vegas) and Ciudad, interview, September 9, 2005. Several other female chefs we interviewed made a point of remarking that Alice Waters was a particularly poignant role model for them because she was such a prominent woman in a business still dominated by men. And this was even more true when Waters was just starting out.

50. “Ed Stack Resigns Behavioral Healthcare CEO Post,” Nashville Post, February 2, 2001, https://www.nashvillepost.com/news/2001/2/2/ed_stack_resigns _behavioral_healthcare_ceo_post (accessed December 27, 2014).

51. Edward Stack, interview, October 22, 2008.

52. Beverly Gray, Roger Corman: An Unauthorized Life (Los Angeles: Renaissance Books, 2000), 107.

53. Ibid., 224.

54. “The Best Advice I Ever Got,” Fortune, July 6, 2009, 45, http://archive .fortune.com/galleries/2009/fortune/0906/gallery.best_advice_i_ever_got2 .fortune/7.html (accessed January 2, 2015).

55. Gayle Ortiz, interview, September 2, 2005.

56. Richard Lenny, interview, April 1, 2008.

57. Doug Conant, interview, October 4, 2007.

58. John Griffin, founder and president, Blue Ridge Capital, interview, October 15, 2012.

59. Esa-Pekka Salonen, principal conductor of the Philharmonia Orchestra in London, and past music director of the Los Angeles Philharmonic, interview, May 31, 2006.

60. David Curtis, interview, November 8, 2006.

61. John Griffin, interview, October 15, 2012.

62. David Murphy, interview, June 16, 2005.

63. Sir Michael Barber, Fenton Whelan, and Michael Clark, Capturing the Leadership Premium (McKinsey&Company, November 2010), http://mckinseyon society.com/capturing-the-leadership-premium/ (accessed January 2, 2015).

64. Motoko Rich, “As Apprentices in Classroom, Teachers Learn What Works,” New York Times, October 10, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/11/us/ as-apprentices-in-classroom-teachers-learn-what-works.html?hp&action= click&pgtype=Homepage&version=HpSum&module=first-column-region &region=top-news&WT.nav=top-news&_r=0 (accessed December 27, 2014).

CHAPTER 6: THE HANDS-ON DELEGATOR

1. “Tiger Global’s Chase Coleman: With This Reclusive Billionaire, Actions Speak Louder Than Words,” iBillionaire, June 2, 2014, http://ibillionaire app.tumblr.com/post/87625160543/tiger-globals-chase-coleman-with-this-reclusive (accessed January 2, 2015).

2. Gary Weiss, “What Really Killed Robertson’s Tiger,” Business Week, April 17, 2000, http://www.businessweek.com/archives/2000/b3677111.arc.htm (accessed January 8, 2009).

3. Daniel A. Strachman, Julian Robertson: A Tiger in the Land of Bulls and Bears (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2004), 169.

4. “How Julian Robertson Turned $8.8 Million into $21 Billion,” Dan Strach – man Interview, http://www.tradingmarkets.com/recent/how_julian_robertson _turned_88_million_into_21_billionthe_dan_strachman_interview-656158 .html (accessed December 30, 2014).

5. “Profile/Biography on Hedge Fund Legend Julian Robertson (Tiger Management),” Market Folly, June 3, 2009, http://www.marketfolly.com/2009/06/ profilebiography-on-hedge-fund-legend.html (accessed January 2, 2015).

6. Jennifer Karchmer, “Tiger Management Closes,” CNN Money, March 30, 2000, http://money.cnn.com/2000/03/30/mutualfunds/q_funds_tiger/ (accessed January 2, 2015).

7. Julian Robertson, interview, November 11, 2008.

8. Chase Coleman, interview, October 15, 2012.

9. Email communication from Gil Caffray, chief investment officer, Tiger Management LLC, July 15, 2015.

10. Ibid.

11. “Chase Coleman, III,” Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/profile/chase-coleman-iii/ (accessed August 1, 2015).

12. Email communication from Gil Caffray, chief investment officer, Tiger Management LLC, August 5, 2015. As of 2012, out of the $2 trillion or so invested by hedge funds around the world, fully 20 percent of them—tiger cubs and tiger seeds alike—either currently work for or have worked for Julian Robertson (John Townsend, interview, October 15, 2012).

13. Anthony Effinger, Katherine Burton, and Ari Levy, “Top Hedge Fund Returns 45% With Robertson’s 36-Year-Old Disciple,” Bloomberg, January 9, 2012, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-01-10/chase-coleman – channels-ancestor-stuyvesant-with-45-robertson-like-return.

14. Brian O’Keefe, “Tiger’s Julian Robertson Roars Again,” Fortune, January 29, 2008, http://money.cnn.com/2008/01/28/news/newsmakers/okeefe_tiger.for tune/index.htm (accessed January 8, 2009).

15. “Julian Robertson, Jr.” Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/profile/julian-robertson – jr/ (accessed August 1, 2015); Mebane Faber, “Grab a Tiger’s Tail,” Forbes, April 27, 2010, http://www.forbes.com/2010/04/27/apple-visa-google-intelligent – investing-julian-robertson.html (accessed January 2, 2015).

16. Beverly Gray, Roger Corman: An Unauthorized Life (Los Angeles: Renaissance Books, 2000), 151.

17. Gary Bloom, an executive vice president under Ellison who went on to become chairman and CEO of Veritas, which was sold to Symantec in 2005, interview, May 24, 2007.

18. David Murphy, interview, June 16, 2005.

19. Curry Kirkpatrick, “Now Pacing Sideline, Pitino Protégés,” New York Times, February 18, 1997, B12.

20. Jared Diamond, “Iowa: The Harvard of Coaching,” Wall Street Journal, December 21, 2011, D5.

21. Ken Plume, “An Interview with Stephen Colbert,” IGN, August 11, 2003, http://jerriblank.com/colbert_filmforce.html (accessed July 4, 2008).

22. Public service employees are among the worst example of this type of lock-step promotion system, where tenure is more important than talent. Despite banalities that people come first, however, aspects of the tenure system remain in place at most for-profit companies even today, creating what might be the single most important competitive advantage for Silicon Valley–type companies that refuse to play by these outmoded bureaucratic rules. And academic institutions, especially universities, may well be the most egregious example of the dangers of valuing tenure above competence.

23. Jared Diamond, “Iowa: The Harvard of Coaching,” D5.

24. Karen Southwick, Everyone Else Must Fail (New York: Crown Business, 2003), 65.

25. Chase Coleman, interview, October 15, 2012.

26. David Harris, The Genius: How Bill Walsh Reinvented Football and Created a Dynasty (New York: Random House, 2008), 84.

27. Jeff McLaughlin, ed., Stan Lee: Conversations (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2007), 36.

28. Jordan Raphael and Tom Spurgeon, Stan Lee and the Rise and Fall of the American Comic Book (Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2003), 152.

29. Gene Roberts, interview, October 1, 2010.

30. Richard Frank, longtime CEO of Chuck E. Cheese, interview, April 5, 2006.

31. Rob Gilbert, interview, March 21, 2007.

32. Arja Ropo and Erika Sauer, “The Success Story of Finnish Conductors: Grand Narratives and Small Stories on Global Leadership” (paper presented at the 7th AIMAC Conference, Milan, June 2003), 7–8.

33. R. Scot Sellers, interview, September 15, 2008.

34. Richard Frank, interview, April 5, 2006.

35. Michael Miles, interview, January 21, 2008.

36. Sal Cesarani, interview, July 31, 2008.

37. Richard Rapaport, “To Build a Winning Team: An Interview with Head Coach Bill Walsh,” Harvard Business Review, January–February 1993, 117.

38. Tom Wolfe, “The Tinkerings of Robert Noyce,” Esquire, December 1983, 346–74, http://www.factiva.com (accessed November 12, 2008).

39. Jim Naughton, interview, September 30, 2010.

40. Jeffrey A. Trachtenberg, Ralph Lauren: The Man Behind the Mystique (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1988), 53.

41. Ibid., 94–95.

42. Curry Kirkpatrick, “Now Pacing Sideline, Pitino Protégés.”

43. Stanley Gellers, interview, June 17, 2008.

44. Andy Samberg, interview, April 30, 2008.

45. Michael Sullivan, interview, March 27, 2006.

46. Jeff Campbell, who was promoted to CEO of Burger King by Brinker in 1983, interview, April 12, 2006. This sentiment dovetails nicely with superbosses’ tendency to hire smart as well.

47. Ted Leland, interview, June 5, 2008.

48. Personal communication with former Ellison employee who requested anonymity.

49. Mark Leckie, interview, March 11, 2008. Leckie got his start under Michael Miles, worked closely with former Gillette CEO Jim Kilts (whom Miles also hired at Kraft), and after a few moves ended up CEO of the Gillette division of P&G after that acquisition.

50. Karl VanDevender, interview, February 20, 2009.

51. Gordon Moore, cofounder of Intel, interview, August 17, 2006.

52. Gary Bloom, former CEO, Veritas, interview, May 24, 2007.

53. Ibid.

54. Miles Davis with Quincy Troupe, Miles: The Autobiography (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 273.

55. Former manager at Polo Ralph Lauren, interview, July 29, 2008.

56. Chase Coleman, interview, October 15, 2012.

57. Gayle Ortiz, interview, September 2, 2005.

58. Former Oracle senior manager who went on to become CEO and board member at several Silicon Valley companies, interview, February 19, 2007.

59. Del Jones, “Some Firms’ Fertile Soil Grows Crop of Future CEOs,” USA Today, January 9, 2008, B1; Monica C. Higgins, Career Imprints: Creating Leaders Across an Industry (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2005). Higgins’s fabulous book is the first to analyze “career imprinting,” the notion that where someone worked leaves lasting effects that enhance, or detract, from his or her ability to shift jobs. She studied the “Baxter Boys,” the dozens of managers who left Baxter to become senior executives—often CEOs—of emerging biotech firms.

60. Jeff Campbell, interview, April 12, 2006.

CHAPTER 7: THE COHORT EFFECT

1. Rachel Dratch, Girl Walks into a Bar . . . Comedy Calamities, Dating Disasters, and a Midlife Miracle (New York: Gotham Books, 2012), 14.

2. SNL has won forty Emmy awards, and counting, http://www.emmys.com/shows/saturday-night-live (accessed January 4, 2015).

3. SaturdayNightLive.com, cast bios, http://www.saturday-night-live.com/snl/castbios/racheldratch.html (accessed January 2, 2015).

4. Rachel Dratch, interview, April 3, 2007.

5. Lorne Michaels, interview, March 7, 2008.

6. Jim Downey, SNL writer, interview, April 24, 2008. Downey worked with Lorne Michaels for almost the entire span of the show, until retiring in 2013. Comedian Dennis Miller called Downey the second most important person in the history of SNL.

7. Tom Shales and James Andrew Miller, Live from New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2002), 420.

8. Ibid., 546.

9. Michael Gross, Genuine Authentic (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2003), 219.

10. Ibid., 246.

11. Teri Agins, The End of Fashion (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1999), 91.

12. Quoted in Richard Rapaport, “To Build a Winning Team: An Interview with Head Coach Bill Walsh,” Harvard Business Review, January–February 1993, 116.

13. Thomas McNamee, Alice Waters and Chez Panisse (New York: Penguin Books, 2007), 320.

14. Stan Lee and George Mair, Excelsior!: The Amazing Life of Stan Lee (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2002), 154.

15. Mark Evanier, Kirby: King of Comics (New York: Abrams, 2008), 16.

16. Rebecca Leung, “Michaels: Lip-Sync an ‘SNL’ No-No,” 60 Minutes (New York: CBS, October 28, 2004), http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/10/28/ 60minutes/main652196.shtml (accessed February 1, 2015).

17. David Lipke, “Polo U: There Are No Classrooms, No Professors and No Ivy on the Walls, but Polo Ralph Lauren Has Long Been a Training Ground for the Men’s Wear Industry,” Daily News Record, July 22, 2002.

18. Luc Vandevelde, interview, January 21, 2008.

19. Bob Dion, interview, June 27, 2005.

20. Connie Bruck, The Predators’ Ball: The Inside Story of Drexel Burnham and the Rise of the Junk Bond Raiders (New York: Penguin Books, 1988), 84.

21. Eric Deggans, “For Aasif Mandvi, Cultural Irreverence on ‘The Daily Show,’” May 31, 2008, http://www.tampabay.com/features/media/for-aasif-mandvi-cultural-irreverence-on-the-daily-show/545843 (accessed February 1, 2015).

22. Jean Vallely, “The Empire Strikes Back and So Does Filmmaker George Lucas With His Sequel to Star Wars,” Rolling Stone, June 12, 1980, quoted in George Lucas Interviews, ed. Sally Kline (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 1999), 94.

23. Phil Tippett, Academy Award winner, interview, August 14, 2007.

24. NBA.com, San Antonio Spurs, http://www.nba.com/spurs/history/spurs_his tory.html, (accessed January 3, 2015).

25. Miles Wray, “The Tree of Popovich and Buford,” HP Basketball Network (blog), http://hardwoodparoxysm.com/2014/06/19/coaching-tree-popovich-buford – spurs/ (accessed January 4, 2015).

26. Nate Taylor, “A San Antonio Graduate Program That Churns Out N.B.A. Coaches,” New York Times, June 16, 2013, http://www.nytimes .com/2013/06/17/sports/basketball/a-san-antonio-graduate-program-that-churns-out-nba-coaches.html?emc=eta1&_r=0.

27. Ray Didinger, Game Plans for Success (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1996), 188.

28. David Harris, The Genius: How Bill Walsh Reinvented Football and Created a Dynasty (New York: Random House, 2008), 72.

29. Michael Miles, interview, January 21, 2008.

30. Ibid.

31. Miles Davis with Quincy Troupe, Miles: The Autobiography (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989), 273.

32. Bill Jamison, “The Bill Walsh Way,” Washington Post, September 4, 2009, http://views.washingtonpost.com/leadership/guestinsights/2009/09/the-bill-walsh-way.html (accessed December 30, 2014).

33. Thomas McNamee, Alice Waters and Chez Panisse, 289.

34. R. Clayton McWhorter, former CEO, HealthTrust, interview, November 26, 2008.

35. Don Suter, CEO of M3 Capital Partners, interview, September 24, 2008.

36. Mary Kay Ash, Mary Kay (New York: Harper & Row, 1981), 159.

37. Ibid., 40.

38. Ibid., 49.

39. Ibid.

40. Atso Almila, interview, May 2, 2006.

41. Julian Robertson, interview, November 11, 2008.

42. Victor Campbell, interview, October 16, 2008.

43. Bob Dion, interview, June 27, 2005.

44. Motown Museum, “Motown: The Sound That Changed America,” http://www.motownmuseum.org/story/motown/ (accessed January 3, 2015).

45. “Berry Gordy: Sweet Soul Music, Growth Strategies,” Entrepreneur, October 9, 2008, http://www.entrepreneur.com/article/197634 (accessed January 3, 2015).

46. Ibid.

47. Larry Schweikart, “Berry Gordy Jr. and the Original ‘Black Label,’” Ideas on Liberty, May 2003, http://fee.org/files/docLib/schweikart0503.pdf (accessed January 3, 2015).

48. “It Happened in Hitsville,” Vanity Fair, December 2008, http://www.vanity fair.com/culture/features/2008/12/motown200812 (accessed January 31, 2013).

49. Ibid.

50. The Brill Building in Manhattan was the epicenter of popular music in America for decades, housing music publishers (Leo Feist), composers (Carole King), and bands (the Glen Miller Orchestra).

51. “It Happened in Hitsville,” Vanity Fair.

52. Former senior executive at Oracle, interview, September 29, 2006.

53. Chase Coleman, interview, October 15, 2012.

54. Gene Roberts, interview, October 1, 2010.

55. Quoted in John Colapinto, “When I’m Sixty-Four: Paul McCartney Then and Now,” New Yorker, June 4, 2007, 63.

56. Matthew Futterman, “Questions for Nick Bollettieri,” Wall Street Journal, August 27, 2008, http://online.wsj.com/article_print/SB121912927628652603 .html (accessed August 28, 2008).

57. Ibid. The academy is now known as the IMG Academy.

58. William Knoedelseder, I’m Dying Up Here: Heartbreak and High Times in Stand-Up Comedy’s Golden Era (New York: Perseus Book Group, 2009), 22.

59. Ibid., 55.

60. Mark Dippé, award-winning visual effects expert, director of Spawn, interview, October 27, 2006.

61. Jay Last, interview, June 13, 2006.

62. Bruce Sacerdote, “Peer Effects in Education: How Might They Work, How Big Are They and How Much Do We Know Thus Far?,” Handbook of Economics of Education (Amsterdam: North Holland, 2010).

CHAPTER 8: NETWORKS OF SUCCESS

1. Joanne Weir, “Millet Muffin Recipe,” Food Wine Travel, January 14, 2011, http://joanneweir.blogspot.com/2011_01_01_archive.html (accessed January 4, 2015).

2. PBS.org, Food, http://www.pbs.org/food/chefs/joanne-weir/ (accessed January 4, 2015).

3. Paula Forbes, “US State Department Reveals the American Chef Corps,” Eater, September 10, 2012, http://www.eater.com/2012/9/10/6547279/us-state – department-reveals-the-american-chef-corps (accessed January 4, 2015).

4. Alice Waters, foreword to Joanne Weir’s Cooking Confidence, by Joanne Weir (Newtown, CT: Taunton Press, 2012), https://itunes.apple.com/us/book/joanne-weirs-cooking-confidence/id577932785?mt=11 (accessed January 4, 2015).

5. Joanne Weir, James Beard Award–winning cookbook author and chef, interview, July 26, 2005.

6. Catherine Hanly, Hot Dinners Gastroblog, September 30, 2014, http://www .hot-dinners.com/Gastroblog/Latest-news/chez-panisse-chef-alice-waters-joins-clarke-s-restaurant-anniversary-celebrations (accessed January 4, 2015). Add Chez Panisse alums Lindsay (head chef to the US ambassador in Bern, Switzerland) and Ptak (chef and founder of the East London bakery Violet Cakes) to the list of successful Alice Waters progeny.

7. Jay Barrman, SFist (SF food blog), November 15, 2013, http://sfist.com/2013 /11/15/quince_rings_in_ten_years_with_big-.php (accessed January 4, 2015). Michael Tusk is a good example of how the superboss influence can rub off on subsequent generations. He credits Alice Waters and former Chez Panisse chef Paul Bertolli for helping to shape his culinary philosophy. The 10th anniversary celebration of Tusk’s restaurant Quince included a special dinner prepared by his own protégés, now running their own restaurants as head chefs.

8. Joanne Weir, interview, July 26, 2005.

9. Joanne Weir, “Chez Panisse through the Eyes of the People behind the Stoves; Weir: It’s the Only Kitchen I’ll Work In,” San Francisco Chronicle, August 22, 2001, http://www.sfgate.com/restaurants/article/Chez-Panisse-through-the-eyes-of-the-people-2887163.php (accessed January 4, 2015).

10. Seen Lippert, interview, April 24, 2006.

11. Daniel Halgin, “The Effects of Social Identity on Career Progression: A Study of NCAA Basketball Coaches,” Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings (2009).

12. Stevan Alburty, Chiat’s Day and Night (blog), http://home.earthlink.net/ ~alburty/chiat.htm (accessed January 4, 2015).

13. Stevan Alburty, former director of information systems, Chiat\Day, and the creator and keeper of JayDay.org, the website dedicated to the memory of Jay Chiat, interview, June 3, 2005.

14. http://www.jayday.org.

15. Jeffrey Banks, interview, July 2, 2008.

16. IMDb, Roger Corman (actor), http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000339/?ref _=fn_al_nm_1 (accessed January 4, 2015).

17. Susan King, “Hollywood Star Walk: Roger Corman,” Los Angeles Times, August 20, 2006, http://projects.latimes.com/hollywood/star-walk/roger-corman/ (accessed January 4, 2015).

18. Mike Seashols, interview, November 3, 2006.

19. Ibid.

20. Stevan Alburty, interview, June 3, 2005.

21. Jean-Pierre Moullé, interview, August 17, 2005.

22. Alice Waters, interview, July 26, 2006.

23. Chris Taylor, “Eat . . . Or Be Eaten,” Time, June 23, 2003, http://www.time .com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1005055,00.html (accessed November 2009).

24. Ken Segall, interview, June 24, 2005.

25. Rick Berman, interview, May 2, 2006.

26. Jack Bovender, interview, November 20, 2008. Bovender worked closely with Tommy Frist at HCA, becoming CEO of that company himself in 2001. Institutional Investor magazine recognized Bovender as “Best CEO in America” for health care facilities in 2003, 2004, and 2005. Bovender retired as chairman of HCA in 2009.

27. Sylvester L. Reeder III, former VP of HCA and more recently CEO at two different health care companies, interview, August 13, 2008.

28. Richard Lenny, interview, April 1, 2008.

29. Tom Shales and James Andrew Miller, Live from New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live (Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 2002), 498.

30. William Shakespeare, Henry V, act 4, scene 3, http://shakespeare.mit.edu/henryv/henryv.4.3.html (accessed January 30, 2015).

31. “Milken’s Minions,” Institutional Investor, February 1997, http://proquest .umi.com/pqdweb?did=11129436&Fmt=3&clientId=4347&RQT=309&V Name=PQD (accessed April 2010).

32. Yes, even Larry Ellison was, at least on occasion, supportive of some of his people moving on . . . as long as they didn’t compete directly with him.

33. Ted Leland, former director of athletics at Stanford University, interview, June 5, 2008.

34. Jonathan Allen and Amie Parnes, HRC: State Secrets and the Rebirth of Hillary Clinton (New York: Crown Publishers, 2014).

35. Ibid.

36. Lois Romano, “Gatekeepers of Hillaryland,” Washington Post, June 21, 2007, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/20/AR2007062002567.html (accessed January 4, 2015).

37. US Department of State, What Does the Office of the Chief of Protocol Do?, http://www.state.gov/s/cpr/51328.htm (accessed January 4, 2015).

38. Catalina Camia, “Sarah Palin Speaks about Tina Fey and Being Depicted as an ‘Idiot,’” USA Today, August 20, 2014, http://onpolitics.usatoday.com/2014/08/20/sarah-palin-tina-fey-saturday-night-live/ (accessed January 4, 2015).

39. Kitty Kelley, Oprah: A Biography (New York: Crown Publishers, 2010); Janet Lowe, Oprah Winfrey Speaks: Insight from the World’s Most Influential Voice (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1998).

40. Lauren Effron, “Oprah-Made: 8 Stars Who Shot to Fame Thanks to Winfrey,” ABC News Go, October 15, 2012, http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/oprah-made-stars-shot-fame-winfrey/story?id=17236783#2 (accessed July 24, 2014).

41. Dr. Phil McGraw, biography, http://www.biography.com/people/dr-phil-mcgraw-9542524 (accessed on January 4, 2015). Also another interesting example of how superbosses find talent in unusual places.

42. Kitty Kelley, Oprah: A Biography, 322.

43. Ibid., 227.

44. “Dr. Phil: Oprah Is ‘The Gold Standard In TV,’” Tell Me More, National Public Radio, May 23, 2011, http://www.npr.org/2011/05/23/136579294/dr-phil-talks-oprahs-legacy (accessed July 24, 2014).

45. Ibid.

46. Mark Donald, “Analyze This,” Dallas Morning Observer, April 13, 2000, http://www.dallasobserver.com/2000-04-13/news/analyze-this/full (accessed July 24, 2014).

47. CBS Television press release, February 5, 2008, https://www.cbspress express.com/cbs-television-distribution/releases/view?id=17864 (accessed February 2, 2015).

48. “Dr. Phil: Oprah Is ‘The Gold Standard In TV,’” Tell Me More, National Public Radio.

49. Other protégés of Oprah’s, as of this writing, include Nate Berkus, Iyanla Vanzant, Gayle King, and Bob Greene.

50. Paul Batalden, interview, October 20, 2006.

51. Joel Gordon, interview, October 1, 2008.

52. Ibid.

53. Anonymous senior executive, interview, September 12, 2006.

54. John Luongo, interview, February 19, 2007.

55. Ron Marston, former senior executive, interview, January 30, 2009.

56. Julian Robertson, interview, November 11, 2008.

57. Michael Miles, interview, January 21, 2008.

58. John Townsend, interview, October 15, 2012.

59. Julian Robertson, interview, November 11, 2008.

60. Daniel Strachman, Julian Robertson: A Tiger in the Land of Bulls and Bears (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2004), 47.

61. Bill Evans, Grammy-nominated saxophonist, interview, September 22, 2006.

62. Marc Myers, “Interview: John Scofield,” JazzWax (blog), March 28, 2012, http://www.jazzwax.com/2012/03/interview-john-scofield.html (accessed January 4, 2015).

63. Katie Glueck, “The Power Players behind Hillary Clinton’s Campaign,” Politico, April 12, 2015, http://www.politico.com/story/2015/04/hillary-clintons-power-players-116874.html#ixzz3ZUTaZIBl (accessed May 13, 2015).

64. Bradford Evans, “Talking to Wyatt Cenac about ‘The Daily Show,’ Writing for ‘King of the Hill,’ and What’s Next for Him,” Splitsider, September 19, 2013, http://splitsider.com/2013/09/wyatt-cenac-interview/ (accessed February 1, 2015).

65. Sara Moulton, “How Meryl Streep Nailed Her,” Daily Beast, August 4, 2009, http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2009-08-04/how-meryl-streep-nailed-her/ (accessed September 24, 2009).

66. Katie Workman, “Jody Adams Talks About Julia Child and the Movie Julie and Julia,” NY Food Examiner, August 14, 2009, http://www.examiner.com/x-8456-NY-Food-Examiner~y2009m8d14-Jody-Adams-talks-about-Julia-Child-and-the-movie-Julia-and-Julia (accessed September 24, 2009).

67. Sam Gugino, “Thomas Keller—A Love for French Food,” Wine Spectator, September 30, 2009, 52.

68. Owen Dugan, “Jacques Pépin—Cooking French in America,” Wine Spectator, September 30, 2009, 58.

69. Beverly Gray, Roger Corman: An Unauthorized Life (Los Angeles: Renaissance Books, 2000), 137.

70. Luc Vandevelde, interview, January 21, 2008.

71. Geraldine Fabrikant, “For Yale’s Money Man, a Higher Calling,” New York Times, February 18, 2007, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/18/business/yourmoney/18swensen.html (accessed September 2008); Sophie Gould, “Investments Office Alumni Excel,” Yale Daily News, April 18, 2013, http://yale dailynews.com/blog/2013/04/18/investments-office-alumni-excel/ (accessed January 11, 2015).

72. Andrew Golden, president, Princeton University Investment Company, interview, September 18, 2008.

73. Shales and Miller, Live from New York, 422.

74. Reed Hastings, “Freedom & Responsibility Culture (Version 1),” Slideshare, http://www.slideshare.net/reed2001/culture-1798664, Slide 115 (accessed February 1, 2015).

75. Reid Hoffman, Ben Casnocha, Chris Yeh, The Alliance: Managing Talent in the Networked Age (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2014), 5.

76. Reid Hoffman, “Four Reasons to Invest in a Corporate Alumni Network,” Talent (blog), http://talent.linkedin.com/blog/index.php/2014/09/four-reasons-to – invest-in-a-corporate-alumni-network (accessed January 7, 2015).

CHAPTER 9: SUPERBOSSES AND YOU

1. Jan Reid, Let the People In: The Life and Times of Ann Richards (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2012).

2. Brendan Sullivan, “Lady Gaga: The Grandmother of Pop,” Esquire, May 2010, http://www.esquire.com/entertainment/a7223/lady-gaga-bio-and-pics-0510/ (accessed August 2, 2015).

3. Now the founder of Yelp.

4. Rachel Rosmarin, “The PayPal Exodus,” Forbes, July 12, 2006, http://www.forbes.com/2006/07/12/paypal-ebay-youtube_cx_rr_0712paypal .html (accessed January 1, 2015).

5. Founder and former CEO of Yammer.

6. Jeffrey M. O’Brien, “Meet the PayPal Mafia,” Fortune, November 26, 2007, http://money.cnn.com/2007/11/13/magazines/fortune/paypal_mafia.fortune/index.htm.

7. Anonymous McKinsey principal, interview, February 4, 2009.

8. Anonymous McKinsey alumnus, interview, January 30, 2009.

9. Adam Sternbergh, “Stephen Colbert Has America by the Ballots,” New York magazine, October 16, 2006, http://nymag.com/news/politics/22322/ (accessed July 11, 2007).

10. Ken P., “An Interview with Stephen Colbert,” IGN, http://www.ign.com/arti cles/2003/08/11/an-interview-with-stephen-colbert (accessed January 7, 2015).

11. Jacques Steinberg, “‘Daily Show’ Personality Gets His Own Platform,” New York Times, May 4, 2005.

12. “California Wine: A Buyer’s Guide,” Guardian, July 24, 2008, http://www .theguardian.com/robertmondavi/guide.to.californian.wine (accessed January 4, 2015).