All detail

fig. 43
Model of the installation for Maurizio Cattelan: All (detail), 2011

Coda

MAURIZIO Cattelan’s career resists summation by any traditional exhibition format. Many of his early, action-based meditations on or rehearsals for failure would be impossible to reconstruct. His collaborative editorial and curatorial endeavors have been largely ephemeral. And his singular, iconic objects function best in isolation. Sculptures like Novecento, La Nona Ora, Him, and Now are so powerful individually that, when brought together in one space, they might operate like magnets in close proximity and repel one another on a tide of negative energy. The exhibition that this book accompanies, Maurizio Cattelan: All, is thus a full-scale admission of the inadvisability of viewing his work within the context of a conventional retrospective, which would typically provide a chronological overview, select career highlights, and, by its very nature, create a hierarchy within an oeuvre. In typical Cattelan style, the artist has resisted this model at all costs, creating instead a site-specific installation that cunningly celebrates its futility.

Maurizio Cattelan: All brings together virtually everything the artist has produced since 1989, borrowed from collectors and museums around the world, and presents the works en masse, strung haphazardly from the oculus of the Guggenheim’s rotunda. Perversely encapsulating Cattelan’s career to date in an overly literal, three-dimensional catalogue raisonné, the installation lampoons the idea of comprehensiveness. All is an exercise in disrespect: the artist has hung up his work like laundry to dry (fig. 43). Another analogy, one cited by Cattelan, is the juvenile propensity for stringing up the family cat, an inherently cruel and decidedly naughty act. Like all of his individual objects, the new installation resonates with multiple interpretive valences. Cattelan has certainly used the motif of suspension before, most notably in the poetically elongated Novecento and the little boys hanging from a tree in Milan, but here it takes on epic proportions. Hoisted by rope as if on a gallows, the objects explicitly reveal the undertone of death that pervades the artist’s work. In total, the installation looks like a mass execution. More than just a witty culmination of a career, the exhibition signifies its end. And this is exactly what Cattelan wishes to convey.

Maquettes for All

fig. 44
Maquettes for the model for Maurizio Cattelan: All, 2011

With the opening of All, the artist has announced his retirement from the art world. What this means precisely remains to be seen, as it is hard to imagine Cattelan abandoning his creative endeavors. There are certainly precedents for artists to publicly call it quits, often as a conceptual extension of their practices. Marcel Duchamp retreated from the visual arts in the 1920s, ostensibly to devote himself to chess, but he labored in secrecy for many years on his magnificent Étant donnés: 1° la chute d’eau, 2° le gaz d’éclairage . . . (Given: 1. The Waterfall, 2. The Illuminating Gas . . . , 1946–66). Andy Warhol announced his retirement at the opening of his Flowers exhibition in Paris at Galerie Ileana Sonnabend in 1965, saying he was going to focus exclusively on his films, which of course turned out to be entirely untrue. In 1980, German conceptual artist Hans-Peter Feldmann destroyed most of his work and proclaimed the conclusion of his career. Ten years later he took up where he left off, never missing a beat. And the Taiwanese-American artist Tehching Hsieh spent twelve months in 1985–86 without creating, looking at, discussing, or reading about art as a work of art itself, one of his yearlong performance pieces. One can predict that after his retirement Cattelan will continue the production of Toilet Paper, given his fascination with the printed image. The publication is currently a testing ground for his ideas and obsessions. But the direction that this project will take—as part of a new, postobject, postaction, postexhibition phase in the artist’s career—is anyone’s guess.

The End

Maurizio Cattelan