Glossary

Absolute: The pure essential oil, extracted from a concrète through alcohol process

Actinic keratosis: Horny skin growth caused by exposure to ultraviolet light

Acupressure: Noninvasive body work that acts on the traditional meridians of the body

Acupuncture: Traditional Chinese practice of piercing with needles at specific sites to treat disease or relieve pain

Adrenal cortex: The part of the adrenal gland that produces a variety of steroid hormones

Alchemy: An early form of chemistry with philosophic and magical associations

Alcohol: A class of organic compounds that contain one or more hydroxyl groups (OH) and react with acids to form esters

Aldehyde: A class of organic compounds that contain the CHO group

Alembic: Anything that refines or purifies by distillation

Allopathic medicine: A philosophy of medicine that treats disease by using remedies that produce an opposite effect of that produced by disease

Analgesic: Pain masking

Anticatarrhal: Minimizes or prevents inflammation of a mucous membrane

Anticoagulant: Minimizes or prevents the coagulant action of blood

Antidepressant: Minimizes or prevents depression

Antifungal: Minimizes or prevents overgrowth of fungus

Antigenic: A substance to which the body reacts by producing antibodies

Antihistamine: Minimizes or prevents the actions of hitamine, as in an allergic reaction

Antimicrobial: Able to inhibit or control microbes

Antioxidant: A substance that slows the oxidation of hydrocarbons, thus checks deterioration

Antipigmentary: Minimizes or prevents the discoloration of skin associated with damage and age

Antirheumatic: Minimizes or prevents various types of pain in the joints and muscles

Antiseptic: Inhibits the actions of microorganisms

Antispasmodic: Relieving or preventing spasms

Antiviral: Capable of checking the growth of a virus

Aperitif: Appetite stimulant

Apocrine gland: Specialized gland that secretes highly scented cellular detritus along with clear sweat

Arteriosclerosis: Abnormal thickening and loss of elasticity in the walls of the arteries

Astringent: Contracts body tissue

Auric field: The confines of the visible emanation surrounding a physical body

Auro soma: A system of color, crystals, herbs & essential oils developed by Vicky Wall

Autonomic nervous system: The part of the nervous system that is responsible for control and regulation of involuntary bodily functions

Ayurveda: Traditional Hindu medicine

Bactericidal: Possesses the ability to destroy bacteria

Balneotherapy: Therapeutic bathing

Base oil: Same as carrier oil, used to dilute, carry, and deliver essential oils

Bass note: In perfumery, the foundation, the least volatile scent in a blend

Benzene: A toxic aromatic liquid obtained through the distillation of coal tar

Beta-carotene: A precursor to the production of vitamin A in the liver

Bile: A bitter alkaline bodily humor that aids in digestion

Bolus: Aka ovule, a vaginal suppository

Breathwork: The practice of controlled breathing for health and meditation purposes

Carminative: Causing gas to be expelled from the stomach and intestines

Carotenoid: Any of several red and yellow plant and animal pigments

Carrier oil: Same as base oil, used to dilute, carry, and deliver essential oils

Catalyst: A substance serving as an agent in a chemical reaction

Chakra: One of the seven body centers considered to be the source of spiritual energy

Chemotype: A composition of the essential oil in which one chemical dominates over the norm

Chi: Vital energy

Chypre: A classification of perfume, chypres share a common theme in their bass of oakmoss, patchouli, and amber, combined with a fresh citrusy top note

Cold extraction: A method of extracting essential oils from plant material without the use of heat

Cold process: Oils processed under 280 degrees are considered to be cold process

Colitis: Inflammation of the large intestine

Colloidal mineral supplement: Colloidal mineral particles are small enough to remain suspended in liquid or gas but, unlike dissolved particles, retain their whole form

Color therapy: The use of colored lights or gels (theatrical lighting colored acetate sheets) for healing

Concrète: A compound of fat and essential oils, the product of enfleurage

Contusion: A bruise or injury in which the skin is not broken

Counterirritant: Anything used to produce a slight irritation, in order to relieve more serious inflammation elsewhere

Critical carbon dioxide: Refers to a process of extracting essential oils at a subfreezing temperature

Cystitis: Inflammation of the urinary bladder

Deep tissue work: A special form of massage that uses deep pressure and works to release tension and congestion held in the muscles and deeper tissue

Dermatitis: Inflammation of the skin

DHEA: A steroidal hormone that peaks in early adulthood and declines rapidly with age

Diluent: A diluting substance

Diosgenin: A steroid found in yams

Diuretic: Increasing the excretion of urine

Dosha: An Ayurvedic term referring to a constitutional type or description of a set of physical and emotional patterns

Duodenum: The first section of the small intestine

Eczema: A noncontagious skin disorder characterized by inflammation, itching, and scales

Edema: An abnormal accumulation of fluids in the cells, tissues, or cavities of the body

Electron: An elementary particle, part of an atom that holds a negative charge

Emollient: Something that has a softening or soothing effect

Emulsifier: A substance that enables one liquid to be dispersed and suspended in another without dissolving

Endocrine: Of any hormone-producing gland

Endometriosis: The growth of endometrial (uterine lining) tissue in abnormal locations

Endorphin: A pain-relieving substance secreted in the brain

Enfleurage: A method of extracting essential oils by absorbing them with fat

Enzyme: An organic catalyst to chemical reactions

Epidermis: The outermost layer of the skin

Essential fatty acid: One of a family of molecules that are essential to the health of, but not manufactured by, the human body and must be obtained from outside sources

Ester: A fruity smelling molecule found in beer, wine, and certain esssential oils

Estrogen: A hormone produced in the ovaries and responsible for many bodily functions

Ether: A molecule that has a unique licorice-like odor

Excipient: An inert substance added to a formula to acheive a desired consistency or form

Exfoliate: To remove surface skin and dead skin cells

Expectorant: A substance that encourages the expression of mucus from the throat and lungs through coughing

Fatty acid: A type of naturally occurring lipid that appears in animal and vegetable fats and oils

Fibrocystic breast: The ocurrence of benign fibrous growths in the breast tissue

Fixative: A substance that prevents or minimizes fading of scent

Fixed oil: Not volatile

Florasol: Also phytol, a product of the phytonic process

Free radical: An atom or molecule having at least one unpaired electron, usually reactive and unstable

Fumigant: Any substance used to create fumes

Functional group: A special arrangement of atoms in a molecule that is subject to a characteristic chemical behavior

Genus: A group of closely related species

Glycerin: An odorless, colorless, syrupy liquid

Hematoma: A collection of blood, usually clotted, under the skin

Hemostatic: Encourages coagulation of blood

Hepatic: Of or affecting the liver

Holistic: Dealing with the body as an integrated system, rather than with separate parts

Homeopathy: A philosophy of medicine that treats disease by using remedies that produce a similar effect to that of disease

Humectant: A substance added or applied to another to help it retain moisture

Hydrosol: A by-product of steam distillation, created as the water becomes impregnated with the aroma of the plant being distilled

Hyperallergenic: More than normally susceptible to allergens

Hypertension: Abnormally high blood pressure

Hypotension: Abnormally low blood pressure

Impetigo: A bacterial skin disease

Infusion: The liquid extract that results from steeping a substance in oil or water

Insulin: A hormone, produced by the pancreas, that metabolizes sugar and carbohydrates

Ion: An electrically charged atom or group of atoms

Isoprene: A branched structure composed of five carbon atoms, onto which hydrogen can easily bond

Kapha: A constitutional classification in Ayurvedic medicine

Keloid: An excessive growth of scar tissue on the skin

Ketone: An organic chemical compound; as a constituent in essential oils ketones are toxic, powerful, and aggressive

Kinesiology: Testing the muscles of the body to get information from the body

Laryngitis: Inflammation of the larynx, characterized by hoarseness or loss of voice

Lipid: Any of a group of organic compounds that are insoluble in water, and soluble in fat solvents and alcohols

Lymphatic: Of, containing, or conveying lumph

Lytic: Causing a dissolution or decomposition

Maceration: To soften and break down by squeezing and soaking

Medulla oblongata: The lowest portion of the brain, controls breathing and circulation

Meridian: The electro-magnetic nerve channels that run through the body

Metaphysics: The study of the paranormal

Middle note: The theme, or heart note of a perfume blend

Monoterpene: A molecule composed of two isoprene units, or ten carbon atoms joined head to tail

Mucolytic: A substance that thins mucus, making it easier to eliminate from the lungs and bronchials

Naturopathy: A system of treating disease that uses natural elements and rejects the use of most drugs and medicines

Nebulizer: A pump that reduces a liquid to a very fine mist

Nervine: Calming to the nervous system

Neuralgia: Pain along the course of a nerve

Neurotoxin: A toxin that destroys nerves or nervous tissue

Organic chemistry: The branch of chemistry dealing with carbon compounds

Orthobionomy: A gentle alignment of bones through positioning and soft tissue release

Osteopathy: A system of medicine placing special emphasis on the relation of the musculoskeletal system to all other body systems

Osteoporosis: A bone disorder characterized by a reduction in bone density and an increase in brittleness and porosity

Ovule: Also bolus, a vaginal suppository

Oxidation: A chemical reaction in which oxygen combines with another substance, as in burning or rust

Parasympathetic nervous system: That part of the autonomic nervous system that opposes the sympathetic nervous system and regulates various responses such as a slowed heartbeat and constriction of the pupils of the eyes

pH: The degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution

Phenol: An organic molecule, similar to alcohol, in essential oils; bactericidal and subject to oxidation

Phenyl: A molecular base for many aromatic compounds

Pheromone: A chemical substance secreted by animals and insects that conveys information and produces specific responses in other individuals of the same species

Phlebitis: Inflammation of a vein

Phytoestrogen: A substance from plant sources that is interpreted as an estrogen by human metabolism

Phytol: The resulting essential oil product of the phytonic process

Phytonic process: A method of plant oil extraction

Phytotherapy: Plant based medicine

Pineal gland: A small glandular outgrowth of the brain that produces the hormone melatonin

Pitta: A constitutional classification in Ayurvedic medicine

Pituitary gland: A small endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain that produces various hormones influencing growth, metabolism, and other endocrine activity

Pneuma: The soul or spirit

Polyunsaturated fat: A fat containing more than one double or triple bond in the molecule

Polyvalent: Having many uses

Pomade: A perfumed ointment

Poultice: A hot, moist mass applied to an inflamed or injured part of the body

Prikriti: In Ayurvedic theory, the unique combination of qualities that comprise an individual’s constitution

Progesterone: A steroid hormone, active in preparing the uterus for the reception and development of a fertilized egg

Propolis: A waxy substance collected by bees from the buds of certain trees

Prostaglandin: Hormonelike fatty acids found throughout the body that affect important body processes

Psoriasis: A chronic skin disease characterized by scaly, red patches

Psychostimulant: Stimulating to the mind

Pulmonary: Of, like, or affecting the lungs

Pulse point: A point on the body where the pulse can be felt

Radiesthesia: The art of pendulum dowsing

Reflexology: Treating and diagnosing ailments through pressue and massage to corresponding areas on the foot, hand, and ear

Resin: A solid or semi-solid substance exuded from various plants or trees

Sacrum: The thick, triangular bone at the lower end of the spinal column that forms the dorsal part of the pelvis

Saturated fat: A fat that remains solid at room temperature

Scabies: A parasitic skin mite

Sciatica: Inflammation of the sciatic nerve, the long nerve passing down the back of the thigh

Scleroderma: A hardening and thickening of the skin due to abnormal fibrous tissue growth

Sebaceous gland: A skin gland that secretes sebum

Sebum: A semiliquid greasy skin secretion

Seratonin: A neurotransmitter and hormone

Sesquiterpene: A molecule with three isoprene units, or 15 carbon atoms joined together head to tail

Shen point: An integration point located on the ear, considered an important access point to the brain

Shiatsu: A system of applying thumb pressure to acupressure points on the body

Shingles: A manifestation of the herpes zoster virus characterized by inflamed, painful nerve endings around the trunk

Silica: A hard glassy mineral found in a variety of forms

Skin tag: A small fleshy benign growth

Solvent: A substance that can dissolve another substance

Species: A naturally existing population of similar organisms that usually interbreed only among themselves

Stomachic: Digestive tonic

Subcutaneous: Beneath the skin

Symbology: The study, or interpretation, of symbols

Sympathetic nervous system: That part of the autonomic nervous system that stimulates the body to prepare for physical action or emergency

Synergism: The simultaneous action of separate agents that together have a greater impact that the sum of their individual effects

Systemic: Affecting the entire organism

Taxonomy: The science of classification

Temporal limbic: A primitive part of the brain

Terpene: A molecule made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms

Terpineol: Any of three isomeric alcohols with a lilac odor

Terroir: A French word that means the expression of the earth, or the particular planting site, in the resultant essential oil; a factor of soil, shade, wind, water, rain, and terrain

Thalassotherapy: Bath therapy using seawater or plants

Therapeutic Touch: Modern energy transfer therapy most often practiced by nurses

Third Eye: The sixth chakra, a clairvoyant center located between the eyes

Thrombosis: A blood clot in the heart or a blood vessel

Tonic: Invigorating or stimulating

Top note: The first and most fleeting scent in a perfume blend

Touch for Health: A system developed by John Thie that combines applied kinesiology for a diagnosis and acupressure touch for treating the musculoskeletal system

Transdermal: To pass through the skin

Tridoshic: In Ayurvedic theory, a constitution composed equally of the three doshas

Trigger point: A point on the body that, when stimulated, affects other areas of the body

Unsaturated fat: A fat that remains liquid at room temperature

Vascular: Having to do with the blood vessels

Vata: A constitutional classification in Ayurvedic medicine

Vicosity: The relative fluidity of a liquid

Volatile: Having a tendency to vaporize or evaporate quickly