Index

Abernethy farm, 5, 9, 134, 162, 176

Alcohol, 53, 62, 64, 66

abuse of, 5, 45, 56, 94

bootleggers, 21-23, 94-95, 109

legal sale of, 3, 4, 24-25, 130

on the worksite, 102-3, 157

Anderson, Stan and Gladys, 92-94, 113-14

Ashburnham, Doreen, 12, 13-14, 28-32

and cougar, 29-30, 58

Ashburnham, Lawrence (Tufty), 11-12, 13, 31-32, 174

Ashburnham, Rosalie Winifred, 11-14, 19-20

Atchison, Lome, 92, 160

Atkinson, Jack, 45, 104, 152

Audain family, 26-27

B.C. Lumber Worker, 105, 112, 122, 160

Beech, Cassie and Robert, 8, 23, 109

Beline, Laurie and Ole, 161, 165

Bergren, Hjalmar, 99-102, 160, 168-69

as Communist, 124, 148, 150

marriage, 168

as organizer, 105-6, 107, 110, 121-22, 144, 147, 148-49

on IWA executive, 119-20, 123, 146, 150, 167

Blacklist, 42, 49, 137

Neil McDonald and, 106, 113

as a method of control, 101-2, 104, 121

use by union, 169

Boarding houses, 49, 51, 109, 161

Boats: company, 88, 121, 155

during earthquake, 153

private, 46, 173, 195

for public use, 65-66, 72, 87. See also Taxiboats

Bowron, Lottie, 90, 179

Boyd, G. C. and family, 162, 174, 180, 183

Boyd, Lt. Col. John and Elizabeth, 162-63

British Army, 25, 26, 126, 162, 171-72

British Columbia Forest Products (BCFP), 159, 160

British Columbia Loggers’ Association, 42, 105, 106, 119

Brown, Edna (née Dougan), 110, 144-45, 149, 152, 164, 165, 167

Brown, Jean (née Lewis), 185, 186-87, 194

Brown, Owen, 110, 112, 143, 164, 166, 167

Bunkhouses, 82, 191

CNR, 70

as family homes, 95

post-union, 53, 101

pre-union, 42, 43

racially separate, 51, 116, 157

Byng, Lady Evelyn, 28

Caldwell, Charlie (Dad) and Mrs., 64-65

Campbell River, B.C., 102, 105, 119

Camps, 73, 93, 108, 112, 191

floating, 37-38. See also Camp Six ITM

Camp Ten VL&M

Camp Three ITM

Cottonwood camp

Gordon River camp

McDonald and Murphy

Picket camp

Rounds

Camp Six ITM, 66, 84-96, 135, 189

during earthquake, 154

during 1936 strike, 113, 114, 119

union activity in, 121, 147, 148, 149

women in, 88-96

Camp Ten VL&M, 53-54, 82-84, 109

Camp Three ITM, 77-80, 135-36

and earthquake, 154

and unions, 113, 119, 121, 147, 148

Canadian National Railway (CNR), 47-48, 59-60, 69-70, 78-79, 194

railroad camps, 70-72. See also Gas car

Canadian Northern Railway. See Canadian National Railway (CNR)

Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), 8, 90, 151

Chemainus, B.C., 39, 53, 83, 190

Chinese, 140

contact with whites, OSSO

employment of, 3, 9, 14, 128, 133-36, 140, 158, 172-74

immigration of, 134-35

self-employed, 23, 93, 135

segregation of, 51, 140, 157

and union, 133, 139, 147. See also Racism

Clarke, Major Stanley and Gwen (née Hooper), 178-79

Clarke, Stan, 147, 153, 155-56

Clements, Percival, 192

Coal mining families, 86, 143, 145, 186

Communist Party of Canada, 44, 99, 141, 168-69

and Big Split, 166

and 1946 strike, 150

and unions, 41, 100, 110, 111

and World War II, 124, 138, 148. See also Labour Progressive Party

Communists, 110, 115-16, 140, 148, 150, 151

and 1934 strike, 105

and Taft-HartleyAct, 163

at U.B.C, 137

Community halls, 78, 87, 95

union use of, 113, 117, 166

Contract logging, 39, 160

Cookhouses, 95-96, 157.

Copley, George, 35, 36, 41

Cottonwood camp, 45-47, 48

Cougar hunters, 58-59, 62-65, 176

Cougars, 29-30, 58-59, 62-64, 72-73

Courtenay, B.C., 35-36, 101, 119, 151

Cowichan Community Resource Board, 185, 194,

Cowichan Lake, 121, 181

described, 1-2, 109-10, 158, 195

and earthquake, 154

legends of, 2, 65

storms, 6, 65, 67, 177

head of, 59, 60, 61, 73, 77-80

Cowichan Lake Road, 1, 10, 25, 56, 194

as a health hazard, 79, 104, 161

Cowichan Leader, 166-67

editorials, 10, 47, 48, 71-72, 151

Cowichan River: and float camp, 107

log drives, 3-4

and tourism, 16, 18, 26-27

Crickmay, Kathleen, 95

Cumberland, B.C. (Union Camp), 36, 86, 90

Dalskog, Ernie, 143, 164-65, 166, 167

Deaths: in logging, 54, 70-72, 91, 102-3, 159, 160-61, 189

at CNR camps, 71-72

suicide, 5, 86-90

Depression: early end of, 52, 102, 114

effects of, 49, 93

Devonshire, Duke of, 30

District One IWA, 123, 153

and Big Split, 163-65, 167

leadership, 124, 144, 150

Dods, Gordon, 120

Donkey engines, 38, 80, 97

Duncan, B.C., 1, 3, 184

and Lake people, 9, 118

in Big Split, 164, 166-67

and Local 1-80, 123, 140

in 1946 strike, 151

racism in, 130

Dunsmuir family, 2, 25-28, 36, 174

E&N grant, 2-4, 73, 101, 128

Earthquake, 153-55

East Indians: employment, 128, 133, 158

immigration, 126-27, 141

segregation, 51, 116, 140, 157

self-employment, 126, 141

and union, 139, 147. See also Manak, Karm

Paldi, B.C.

Racism

Sangha, Darshan Singh

Sikhs

Singh, Kapoor

Singh, Mayo

Empire Lumber, 24, 37, 39, 42, 44, 45, 48

Englishmen, 40, 71-72

Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway (E&N), 2-3, 8-10, 47, 101, 109, 187

Fairclough, Floyd, 182, 183

Fallers, 38, 81

Farming, 5, 6-7, 13, 74, 133-34, 187

Farrer, Anthony, 12, 13-14

and cougar, 29-31, 58

Farrer family, 11, 12, 13-14, 19, 20, 31, 174

Farson, Negley, 46, 76, 174-75

Finns, 49, 54, 90-92, 152

Clannishness of, 44-45

immigration of, 41

and racism, 34, 57

and union, 44, 92

Fires, 51-52, 53

forest, 31, 79, 82-84, 101, 107, 177

house, 6, 20, 31-32, 50, 174-75

to burn slash, 82, 193

First Nations people, 2, 24, 59-60, 192

Ditidahts, 1, 65, 75-76

Kowutzans, 4, 26, 75

Fishing, 17, 20

hatchery, 16, 190

and earthquake, 153-154

sport, 3, 4, 15-18, 26-27, 107

Floathouses, 44, 49-51, 64

at Camp Six, 85, 92-95

and earthquake, 154, 155

at the Foot, 107

as rite of passage, 171, 186

Simpsons’, 171, 175, 176

Floods, 67, 74, 79, 187

Foot, The. See Lake Cowichan, B.C.

Forest Experimental Research Station, 158, 188-89

Forty-hour week, 150, 152-53

Fraser, Angus, and family, 3, 6

Gardens, 44, 64, 155

Simpson/Stoker, 172, 175, 177-80, 195

Garner, Joe, 62, 156, 162

Garnett, Emily and Elgin, 189

Gas car, 47-48, 78, 117

Gillespie, George Kenneth (Ken), 65-66, 67-68, 75-76

Gillespie, Lucille (Hemmingsen), 11, 29, 32, 66

Gilson, Chris, 85, 86, 87, 89-90

Gisborne, Kynaston, 53-54, 55

Godfrey, Lillian (née Greenwell), 82-83, 84, 143, 144

early life of, 96-97, 99

and auxiliary, 144, 149, 152, 165, 168-69

and politics, 165-66

Godfrey, Ralph, 82-84, 97, 169

and union, 115, 143, 166, 191

Gordon River camp, 52, 155, 156

Gordon, Stanley, 52, 55, 119, 151

and store, 109, 150, 187, 188

Grafton, George, 121, 143, 147

Green family, 1, 172, 174, 185, 187-88

Green, Francis Jacob (Frank), 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 134

Green, Louisa (née Spencer), 7, 15, 23, 27, 187

Green, Trevor, 187-89

childhood of, 7, 23, 24, 27-28, 85

as visitor to Lot 29, 172, 174, 178, 179, 180, 182, 183, 184

Green, Yvonne (néeLoutet), 183, 188

Greenwell, Archibald Bowater: early life of, 99, 110-11

and family, 124-25, 144

and politics, 124, 165-66

and union, 118-19, 122, 124, 143, 168, 192

and village, 125, 166

Greenwell family, 98-99, 125

Greenwell, Mary (née Ward), 124-25, 151, 160-61, 168

Grip family, 49-50, 135, 149

Gurdwaras, 129, 130, 132, 137, 139

Haggard family, 7, 15-16, 17-18, 25, 26, 126, 162

Hemmingsen-Cameron, 56, 159

Hemmingsen, Margaret Neysmith (née Alexander), 35, 37, 39, 55, 56

Hemmingsen, Mathias, 60-61, 193

and alcohol, 53

and automobiles, 52, 56

clears log jam, 35-36

early life, 33-36

and VL&M, 37-38, 39, 41, 52

and family, 37, 39, 46, 52, 53, 55-57

and high lead logging, 38-39

and labour, 41-44

and marriages, 35, 36

and Scandinavians, 34, 57

High lead logging, 38-39

Highriggers, 81-82, 110, 157

Hillcrest mill, Mesachie Lake, 156-58, 161, 191

Hillcrest mill, Sahtlam, 130, 138, 139, 141, 156

Hobson, Evelyn and Harry, 79-80

Holman, Albert, Fred and Frank, 59, 61-62

Holman, Ike, 58-59, 60-62, 63

Honeymoon Bay, 5, 13, 102, 111, 161, 172

Honeymoon Bay mill, 140, 147, 154-57

Hospitals, 43, 54, 55-56, 79, 103-4, 160-61

Hotels, 1, 24-25, 109. See also Lakeside, Riverside

Housing, 48-51, 77-78, 145, 161-62, 169, 186, 190

company, 48-49, 51, 129. See also Floathouses

Bunkhouses

Hundred Houses

Picket camp

Humbird family, 35, 37, 53

Humphreys, Major Seldon and Kathleen (née Dunsmuir), 27-28

Hundred Houses, 161-62, 186

Hunter, H. W., 106, 110, 113, 122

Hutchison, Bruce, 7, 14, 173

Immigrants, 90-91, 114. See also Chinese

East Indians

Englishmen

Finns

-Japanese

Labour

Norwegians

Sikhs

Swedes

Indians. See First Nations people

Industrial Timber Mills (ITM), 48-49, 80, 147, 149, 159

IWA (International Woodworkers of America), 139, 140-41, 160

and communism, 124, 150, 163

conventions, 123, 146

and Big Split, 163-64, 166

and war effort, 149, 150, 191. See also District One IWA

Local 1-80 IWA

IWA sub-locals

IWA files, 143, 167, 169

IWA sub-locals: Lake Cowichan, 123, 163, 166-67

Youbou, 150, 164

IWW (Industrial Workers of the World), 41, 44, 100

James, Henry G. (Jesse), 45-47

Janes, “Dad” and Mrs., 62-64

Japanese, 130, 147

internment of, 130, 137-39 employment of, 49, 128, 133, 158

Johnston, E. H. Lukin, 10

Jones, Mabel, 86-90, 96, 179

Kissinger, John D., 78

Koerner, Leon, 155

Labour, 44, 110, 128, 159

from prairies, 147, 185-86, 189-91

registration of, 71-72

in railroad camps, 70-72

war shortage of, 39-41, 139, 146-47, 189. See also Employment agencies

Immigrants

Labour Progressive Party, 124, 148, 149, 150, 166

Ladies Auxiliary Local 30: activities of, 112, 120, 144-46, 149-50

Communists in, 110

in 1946 strike, 151-52

in Big Split, 165, 167-68

opinions of, 114-15, 168-69

organization of, 110. See also Beline, Laurie

Brown, Edna

Godfrey, Lillian

Olson, June

Wilson, Eva

Ladysmith, B.C., 53, 91, 96, 118, 151, 185

Lake Cowichan, B.C. (The Foot), 21, 82, 85, 143, 161

beginnings of, 5, 8

businesses in, 22 (See also Gordon, Stanley

Scholey Brothers’ Stores)

incorporation of, 125, 162, 166

in 1930s, 107-10, 124

presence of unionin, 113, 117-18, 119, 123, 147, 149

housing in, 107, 108, 161-62, 186

Lake Logging (Lake Log), 113, 119, 155, 161

and unions, 106-7, 122, 123, 149

Lakeside Hotel (Cowichan Lake Apartments), 4, 9, 11, 18-19, 62

Lengnick, Captain Charles E. Henry and Johanna, 13, 18-21, 174-75, 179

Lewis, Jim and Rachel, 185-86

Local 1-80 IWA, 123, 164-65, 16

Locomotives (Locies), 32, 80, 84, 141

Logan, David and Sarah, 73

Log booms, 67, 153, 155-56, 173

Loggers, 39-42

immigrant, 39-40, 41, 133

and injuries, 54-55, 103, 160, 185

outsiders’ opinion of, 25, 42, 118

and work, 38

and unions, 41-43, 106

unmarried, 39-40, 82, 112, 114, 120-21

See also Bunkhouses

Labour

Sawmill workers Camps

Logging, 38, 80-82

effects of, 46, 78, 80-82, 109-10, 155, 192-93. See also Contract logging

Logging companies

Railroad logging

Truck logging

Yarding

Logging companies, 3, 76, 85, 161, 194. See also British Columbia Forest Products

Empire Lumber

Hemmingsen-Cameron

Industrial Timber Mills

Lake Logging

McDonald and Murphy

Malahat Logging Company

Mayo Lumber Company

Victoria Lumber and Manufacturing Company

Western Forest Industries

Logging railroad(s), 47, 80, 101

grades, 81-82, 85, 155

vs. truck logging, 158

Logging roads, 159, 193-94

Lomas family, 76, 85

LSWU (Lumber and Sawmill Workers Union), 111-12, 118-19, 120

LWIU (Lumber Workers Industrial Union), 42, 44, 100, 101, 104-5, 111

McDonald and Murphy, 32, 100-101, 106, 187

McDonald, Neil, 100-101, 104, 106, 113, 147, 155

McKinnon, Thomas Neill, 21, 22, 31

MacMillan, H. R. (Harvey Reginald), 56, 69

McVittie family, 13, 14

Majer, George, 144, 189

Malahat Logging Company, 124, 159

Manak, Karm, 127, 130, 141, 156-57

Marble Bay, 162, 170, 172, 175, 195

Marboeuf, Louise, 32, 87

March, Charles (Charlie), 31, 76, 102, 179, 180, 187

childhood of, 6-7, 173

and cougars, 58, 63

March, Edith (née Wardroper), 5-7, 31, 155

March, Henry, 5-7, 13, 19, 21, 187

March, John (Jack), 6-7, 14, 31, 173, 187

Marley, Ed and Bonnie (née Swanson), 55, 183

Marston, Charles, 43, 55, 69

Mayo Lumber Company, 128-29, 133, 136

Medical care, 55-56, 92-93, 103-4, 161

doctors, 70-71; 173

in CNR camps, 70-72. See also Hospitals

Safety

Medina mill, 37, 45, 48, 85

Mesachie Lake, B.C., 63, 156, 161, 190. See also Hillcrest mill, Mesachie Lake

Mining, 59-61, 68, 76, 121

Monti, Charlie, 157

Murphy, Hugh, 100, 101

Myers, Cedric and Gertrude, 154-55, 156

Nanaimo, B.C., 118, 151, 167

Nitinat (Triangle), 59, 60, 85, 92, 193

Nitinat Lake, 59, 69-70, 73, 75-76

Nixon Creek School, 85-90, 91. See also Jones, Mabel

Norman, Esther and Henry, 93

Norwegians, 33-34, 41, 44, 57, 99-100

OBU (One Big Union), 41-44, 53, 102

Oliver, William Edgar, 8, 9, 16, 18, 52, 66, 134

Olson, June Ekert, 147, 152, 168

O’Neill, Arthur Chester (Pete), 87, 88, 89, 90

Paldi (Mayo), B.C., 128-30, 133, 140-41

Palmer, E. J. (Old Hickory), 37, 39, 42, 53

Pedersen, Alice and Ivor, 190-91, 193, 194

Pelto, Mauno, 90-91

Picket camp, 112, 113, 119, 145

Pickett, Percy, 5

Politics, 74, 93, 100, 139, 148, 165-66

Port Alberni (Alberni), B.C., 49, 59, 70, 72, 119, 151

as terminus of CNR, 37, 47, 193-94

Port Renfrew, B.C., 56, 124, 159, 191, 193

Post office, 18-19, 20, 24, 48, 117, 133

Power saws, 159, 160, 191

Price, Douglas, 115

Pritchett, Harold, 123, 124, 150, 152, 167

Police: company, 102, 105, 117, 121, 123

Provincial, 21-22, 45, 46, 115-16, 117, 138, 143

R.C.M.P., 138, 148

Quamichan Lake, 7, 171, 172, 174, 177

Racism, 24, 128-29, 130, 131, 136, 156, 158

Railroad logging, 80-82, 84-85, 97, 158-59

Regeneration of forests, 158, 192-93

Reid, Fred (Willy), 14

Religion, 55, 75, 107-8, 158, 178, 186

Remittance men, 5, 12

Rhododendrons, 28, 172, 180, 195

Rigging. See Yarding

Rigging crew, 80-82, 93, 103, 133, 147

River drives, 3-4, 34, 35-36, 37

Riverside Hotel, 4, 8, 10, 61, 76

owners of, 1, 3, 66, 68

as village centre, 18-19, 24

Roads, 161, 174, 182-83, 191, 195

South Shore, 82, 157

Youbou, 79, 117. See oho Cowichan Lake Road

Logging roads

Rounds, 87, 106-7, 110, 155

Rounds, Ralph W, 106, 113

Rundquist family, 109, 161

Safety, 54-55, 80-81, 97, 102-4

Sangha, Darshan Singh, 138

cuts hair, 132-33

immigration status of, 131, 133, 139

travels to Canada, 131-33

at U.B.C., 136-37

and union, 140-42, 151, 152

Sawmills, 49, 53, 192

hiring policies of 127-28, 139

portable, 141. See also Medina mill

Hillcrest mills

Honeymoon Bay mill

Youbou mill

Sawmill workers, 139

vs. boom men, 156

vs. loggers, 114-15, 150, 192

and union, 113, 114, 115-17

Scholey Brothers’ Stores, 8, 19, 109, 161

Scholey family, 23, 48, 109

School boards, 21, 66, 162

interference by, 23, 85-86, 88-90

Schools, 74, 96, 107, 129, 135

Lake Cowichan, 24. See also Nixon Creek School

Schoolteachers, 23, 85, 90-91, 95, 96-97, 188. See also Jones, Mabel

Service, Robert, 67-68

Shaw Creek Game Reserve, 72, 172, 176

Shutdowns, 82, 104, 121, 186-87, 192

Sihota, Dedar, 139

Sikhs, 156

and cutting hair, 130-31

employment of, 127-28, 131, 133

and deportation, 133, 137, 139

immigration of, 126-27, 131-32

and union membership, 133, 139. See also Gurdwaras

Simpson, George Buchanan, 170-71, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179-81

Simpson, Jeanne Suzanne (Susie), 170-71, 175-77, 178, 179-84, 195

Singh, Kapoor, 128-29, 156

Singh, Mayo, 128-29, 131, 133, 156, 158

Skidders. See Yarding

Skid Road, 42

Carrall Street, 70

Cordova Street 40, 100, 102

South Wellington, B.C., 96, 98-99, 122

Speeders, 77, 83, 90

emergency use, 78, 79-80, 93, 107

married men’s, 82

Speed-up, 102-3

Stages, 3, 22, 25, 62

Stanton, John, 163

Stevenson family, 26

Stoker, Abraham (Bram), 171

Stoker, Lt. Col. Dr. Richard Nugent and Susan (née Harden), 171-74, 178

Stone family, 156, 158, 161, 162

Strikes, 114, 123, 144; 1919, 42, 44; 1934, 104-5, 110; 1936, 111-19, 121; 1946, 150-153; 1962, 192; 1972, 192

Summer residents, 7-8, 25, 107, 109-10

Swanson family, 21, 44, 55, 174, 186

Swedes, 34, 45

employment of, 41

immigration of, 44

Taylor, Major Austin, 69

Taylor, Tom and Marie, 78

Taxiboats, 78, 93

Tenney, Elmer, 84

Thome, Billy, 26

Tidrington, Archibald, 21-23

Tourists, 3, 25, 107, 194

titled, 4, 28, 30

wealthy, 25

Trails, 24, 59-60, 61

to Nitinat, 70, 73

West Coast, 74 Transportation, 13, 24, 117, 176, 190-91. See also Cowichan Lake Road

Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway

Gas car

Vancouver Island Coach Lines

Speeders

Stages

Taxiboats

Trails

Traer, Lemuel, 157

Truck logging, 141, 158-59, 191, 193, 194

UBCJ (United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners), 111-12

UMWA (United Mine Workers of America), 98-99, 111, 122

Unions, 92, 123, 147, 186, 192

grievances of, 42-43, 97, 102-4, home guard vs. old guard, 120-21

and immigrants, 41, 133, 140. See also IWA

IWW

LSWU

LWIU

OBU

Strikes

Unionization

UBCJ

UMWA

WIUC

Unionization governmental role in, 120-21, 123, 149 organizers’ role in, 101, 104, 107, 118, 121, 123, 141

tactics, 42-43, 102, 120-21. See also Bergren, Hjalmar, as organizer

Communist Party of Canada

Workers’ Unity League UBCJ (United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners), 111-12

United Organizations, 149

University of Victoria, 182, 195

Vancouver, B.C.: and loggers, 40, 96, 104

and labour activity, 119, 122

and labour unrest, 114

Vancouver Island Coach Lines, 78, 138, 191

Victoria, B.C.: businessmen of, 7-8, 10, 66, 125 (See also Oliver, William Edgar)

tourists from, 25, 26, 27

terminus of CNR, 37, 47, 52, 182, 187

during 1946 trek, 150, 151, 152

Victoria Lumber and Manufacturing Company (VL&M), 37, 41, 113, 149

and Humbird family, 35, 53. See also Camp Ten VL&M

Vipond, Joe, 3-4, 37, 173

Wages, 40, 81, 96, 133

minimum, 105, 133

of Chinese, 133, 134

union scale, 105-6, 112, 113, 119, 192

Wardroper, Captain Walter Frederick and Emily Catherine, 5-6

Watson, Florence and Ron, 77, 78, 154

West Coast, 60, 69, 70, 73-75

Western Forest Industries (WFl), 155, 161

Whiskin, Winnifred, 95-96, 154

White bloc, 148, 163

Whittingham, Clarence and Jean, 85, 87, 95, 116, 117

Wilson, Biggerstaff, 7-8

Wilson, Eva, 145-46, 150, 165, 167, 168

Wilson, Fred, 145, 164, 166, 167, 169

WIUC (Woodworkers’ Independent Union of Canada), 164, 166, 167-68, 169

Women

health, 49, 93-94

Scandinavian, 44, 45, 140-41

single, 95-96

and social class, 23

and unions, 117, 144, 151, 164

work, 34, 50, 95-96, 190-91

during wars, 14-15; 147. See also Camp Six, women in

Ladies Auxiliary

Schoolteachers

Workers’ Unity League, 101, 110, 111

World War 1, 19, 21

effect on markets, 39, 60, 68. See also Labour, war shortage of World War II, 137-39

effects of non-aggression pact, 111, 124, 137. See also Labour, war shortage of

Yap Alley, 46-47, 153

Yarding, 38, 69, 80-82, 91, 103, 191. See also Donkey engines

High lead logging

High riggers

Rigging crew

Spar trees

Yen, William, 135

York, Charlie, 93-94

Youbou, B.C., 48-52, 87, 135, 158, 190

attitude towards union in, 113, 115-18, 147-48

war effort in, 147

Youbou mill, 54, 119, 140

craneway, 51, 153. See also Medina mill

Fires

Sawmill workers

Yount, C. C., 45-46, 48