W. Reich, The Mass Psychology of Fascism, ‘On the Mass Psychology of the Lower Middle Class’. The assumptions about the class basis of Fascism are incorrect. The membership of the Italian Fascist party in November 1921, about a year before the assumption to government, included 24.3% farmworkers, and 15.4% urban workers, at a time when urban workers constituted a minority of the population. Manufacturers constituted 2.8% of the membership. R. De Felice, Mussolini il fascista, Vol. I, p. 6. In Germany, a 1935 census of party members showed that approximately 30% were manual workers, and 20% white-collar employees. Richard Overy, p. 233. In 1936, ex-Communist Party leader Jacques Doriot’s Parti Populaire Francaise had a comparatively large membership of 100,000, ‘many of whom were working class’. Anthony Adamthwaite, p. 167.