Bibliography

Section One 560 to 479 BC

Primary Sources

Diodorus Siculus, Library of History, tr. Russell Geer (Harvard UP, 2004 ed): Book 11, chapters 1–40 (Greco-Persian and Sicilian-Carthaginian wars).

Herodotus, The Histories (Penguin Classics edition, 1970):

Book One: 6–56, Lydia to the Persian Conquest; 56–68 the early Greeks; 95–140, the rise of Cyrus of Persia, 140–77 Ionia and its Persian conquest, 177–200, the conquest of

Babylon, 201–16 the final years of Cyrus.

Book Three: 1–15, Cambyses’ conquest of Egypt; 16–38, final years of Cambyses; 39–60, sixth century Greece; 61–79, murder of Cambyses and accession of Darius; 89–97 the Perisan Empire. 120 ff the end of Polycrates of Samos; 134 ff, Persia in the Mediterranean; 139 ff. fall of Samos; 150 ff revolt of Babylon.

Book Four: 83 ff. Darius’ Scythian expedition; 145–67 the Greeks in Cyrene.

Book Five: 1–27 Persian conquest of and early Greeks in the eastern Balkans.

Book Five, ch. 28 to Book Six, ch. 42: the Ionian Revolt. Includes Vi, ch. 34–41 on Miltiades’ family.

Book Six: 43–8 Persian demands for Greek submission; 49–93, Sparta, Athens and Aegina; 94–120 the Marathon campaign; 121–40 factions at Athens.

Book Seven: 1–4, revolt of Egypt at accession of Xerxes; 7, suppression of revolt; 19–25 preparations to attack Greece; 26–138 advance into Europe; 138–71 Greek preparations, including 153–78 Sicilian wars; 188 ff, battles of Thermopylae and Artemision.

Book Eight: 27–99 campaign in central Greece, occupation of Athens, battle of Salamis; 100–44 withdrawal of Xerxes and diplomacy of Mardonius in winter 480/79.

Book Nine: 1–89, Mardonius occupies Athens then withdraws, and battle of Plataea; 90–116 campaign of Mycale amd new Ionian revolt.

Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, tr. Rex Warner (Penguin Classics, 1954) pp. 442–4 on Athens in the 510s BC.

Plutarch, Lives: The Rise and Fall of Athens, tr. Ian Scott-Kilvert (Penguin Classics 1960): Themistocles (pp. 77–94); Aristides (pp. 109–40); Cimon (pp. 141–55).

Secondary Sources

Books

Boardman, J, with N G L Hammond, D M Lewis, and M Ostwald, The Cambridge Ancient History vol iv: Persia, Greece and the Western Mediterranean (Cambridge UP 1988).

Burn, A R, The Lyric Age of Greece (London 1960).

Cook, J M, The Persian Empire (New York 1983).

De St. Croix, G E M, The Origins of the Peloponnesian War (London 1972).

Dunrabin, T, The Western Greeks (Oxford 1948).

Finley, M I, Ancient Sicily (London 1979).

Forrest, W G, The Emergence of Greek Democracy (London 1966).

Forrest, W G, A History of Sparta (London 1968).

Green, J, The Year of Salamis 480–479 BC (London 1970).

Grundy, G B, The Great Persian War and its Preliminaries (London 1901).

Hammond, N G L, and J Boardman, Cambridge Ancient History, vol iii: The Expansion of the Greek World, Eighth to Sixth Centuries (Cambridge UP 1982).

Hansen, M C, The Athenian Ecclesia (Copenhagen 1983).

Hignett, C, A History of the Athenian Constitution to the End of the Fifth Century BC (Oxford UP 1952).

Jones, A H M, Athenian Democracy (Oxford 1957).

Lenardon, R J, The Saga of Themistocles (London 1978).

Lewis, D K, and J Boardman, JK Davies, M Ostwald, The Cambridge Ancient History, vol v: The Fifth Century (Cambridge UP 1992).

Articles

Alexander, J W, ‘Was Cleisthenes an Athenian archon?’ in Classical Journal, vol 54 (1958–9), pp. 307–14.

Alexander, J W, ‘More remarks on the archonship of Cleisthenes’ in Classical Journal, vol 55 (1959–60) pp. 220–221.

Allison, F G, ‘The original Marathon runner’ in Classicla Weekly, vol 24 (1931) p. 152.

Andrewes, A, ‘Athens and Aegina, 510–480 BC’ in Journal of the British School of Archaeology at Athens, vol 37 (1936–7) p. 18.

Baillie Reynolds, P K, ‘The shield signal at the battle of Marathon’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 49 (1929) pp. 160 ff.

Beazley, J D, ‘The death of Hipparchos’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 68 (1948) pp. 26–8.

Bicknell, P J, ‘The command structure and generals of the Marathon campaign’ in Antiquite Classique, vol 39 (1970) pp. 427 ff.

Bicknell, P J, ‘Cleisthenes as politician: an exploration’ in Studies in Athenian Politics and Genealogy, in Historia, vol 19 (London 1972).

Bicknell, P J, ‘The date of Miltiades’ Persian expedition’ in Antiquite Classique vol 41 (1972) pp. 225 ff.

Boardman, J, ‘Herakles, Peisistratus and sons’, in Revue Archaeologique (1972) pp. 57–71.

Brunt, P A, ‘The Hellenic League against Persia’ in Historia, vol 2 (1953) pp. 135–63.

Buck, R J, ‘The reforms of 487 BC in the selection of archons’ in Classical Philology, vol 60 (Oxford 1965) pp. 95–150.

Burn, A R, ‘Hammond on Marathon: a few notes’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 89 (1969) p. 118.

Burstein, S, ‘The recall of the ostracised and Themistocles’ decree’ in Californian Studies in Classical Antiquity, vol 4 (1971) p. 978.

Develin, R, ‘Miltiades and the Parian expedition’ in Antiquité Classique, vol 46 (1977) pp. 571 ff.

Ehrenberg, V, ‘The origins of democracy’ in Historia, vol 1 (1950) pp. 515–48.

Eliot, CW, and McGregor, M F, ‘Kleisthenes: eponymous archon, 525/4’ in Phoenix, vol 14 (1960) pp. 27–35.

Evans, J A S, ‘The final problem at Thermopylae’ in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, vol 5 (1964) pp. 231 ff.

Evans, J A S, ‘Notes on Thermopylae and Artemision’ in Historia, vol 18 (1969) pp. 318 ff.

Forrest, W G, ‘The tradition of Hippias’ expulsion from Athens’ in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, vol 30 (1969) pp. 277–86.

Fornara, C W, ‘The cult of Harmodios and Aristogeiton’ in Philologus, vol 114 (1970) pp. 155–80.

Frost, F J, ‘Themistocles’ place in Athenian politics’ in Californian Studies in Classical Antiquity, vol I (1968) pp. 105 ff.

Grant, J R, ‘Leonidas’ last stand’ in Phoenix, vol 15 (1961) p. 14 ff.

Hammond, N G L, ‘Studies in the chronology of the sixth and fifth centuries BC’ in Historia, vol 4 (1955) pp. 371–411.

Hammond, N G L, ‘The battle of Salamis’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 76 (1956) pp. 32–54.

Hammond, N G L, ‘The campaign and battle of Marathon’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 88 (1968) pp. 13–57.

Hammond, N G L, ‘The extent of Persian occupation in Greece’ in Chiron, vol 10 (1980) pp. 53–66.

Hodge, A T, ‘Marathon to Phaleron’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 93 (1975) pp. 169 ff.

Hodge, A T and L Losada, ‘The time of the shield signal at Marathon’ in American Journal of Archaeology, vol 74 (1970) p. 31 ff.

Hope Simpson, R, ‘Leonidas’ decision’ in Phoenix, vol 26 (1972) pp. 1–11.

Hudson, H G, ‘The shield signal at Marathon’ in American Historical Review, vol 12 (1937) p. 43.

Jeffrey, L H, ‘The campaign between Athens and Aegina in the years before Salamis’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 82 (1962) pp. 44 ff.

Kelly, D H, ‘The Athenian Archonship 5076–487/6’ in Antichthon, vol 12 (1978) pp. 1–17.

Kinzl, K H, ‘Notes on the exile of the Alcmaeonidai’ in Rhinisches Museum, vol 119 (1976) pp 311–14.

Lang, M, ‘The murder of Hipparchos’ in Historia, vol 3 (1954–5), pp. 395–407.

Lateine, D, ‘The failure of the Ionian Revolt’ in Historia, vol 31 (1982) pp. 129 ff.

Leonardon, R J, ‘The archonship of Themistocles, 493/2’ in Historia, vol 1 (1956) pp. 401–9.

Leonardon, R J, ‘The chronology of Themistocles’ ostracism and exile’ in Historia, vol 8 (1959) pp. 23–48.

Lesby, D M, ‘The Spartan embassy to Lygdamis’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 77 (1957) pp. 272–5.

Lewis, D M, ‘The archon of 497/6’ in Classical Review, new series vol 12 (1962) p. 201.

Lewis, D M, ‘Cleisthenes and Attica’ in Historia, vol 12 (1967) pp. 22–40.

Loenen, D, ‘The Peisistratids: a shared rule’ in Mnemosyne, series 4, part 1 (1948) pp. 81–9.

McCargar, D J, ‘The archonship of Hermokrean and Alkmaion: a further consideration’ in Rhinisches Museum, vol 119 (1976) pp. 315–23.

McCargar, D J, ‘The relative dates of Kleisthenes’ legislation’ in Historia, vol 25 (1976) pp. 385–95.

McGregor, M F, ‘The pro-Persian party at Athens from 510 to 480’ in Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, supplement 1 (1940) pp. 71–95.

Maurice, F, ‘The size of the army of Xerxes at the time of the invasion of Greece 480 BC’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 50 (1930), pp. 210–35.

Maurice, F, ‘The campaign of Marathon’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 52 (1932) pp. 13 ff.

Munro, J A, ‘Some observations on the Persian Wars: 3. The campaign of Plataea’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 24 (1904) pp. 44–65.

Oliver, J K, ‘Reforms of Cleisthenes’ in Historia, vol 9 (1960) pp. 503–7.

Pritchett, W, ‘New light on Plataea’ in American Journal of Archaeology, vol 61 (1957) pp. 9–13.

Pritchett, W, ‘New light on Thermopylae’ in American Journal of Archaeology, vol 62 (1958), pp. 203 ff.

Pritchett, W, ‘Towards a restudy of the battle of Salamis’ in American Journal of Archaeology, vol 63 (1959) p. 261.

Raubitshchek, A, ‘The ostracism of Themistocles’ in American Journal of Archaeology, vol 51 (1947) pp. 257–62.

Robertson, A S, ‘The Thessalian expedition of 480 BC’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 96 (1976) p. 100ff.

Robinson, C, ‘The struggle for power at Athens in the early fifth century BC’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 60 (1939) pp. 232–7.

Robinson, C, ‘Athenian politics 510–486 BC’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 66 (1945) pp. 243–54.

Seager, R, ‘Herodotus and “Athenian Politics” on the date of Cleisthenes’ reforms’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 84 (1963) pp. 287–9.

Shrimpton, G, ‘The Persian cavalry at Marathon’ in Phoenix, vol 54 (1980) pp. 20 ff.

Thompson, W E, ‘The archaeology of Cleisthenes’ in Classical Journal, vol 55 (1959—60) pp. 217–24.

Wade-Gery, H T, ‘Miltiades’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 71 (1951) pp. 212–51.

Wade-Gery, H T, ‘Themistokles’ archonship’ in Bulletin of the School at Athens, vol 37 (1940), pp. 263–70.

Walters, K, ‘400 ships at Salamis?’ in Rhinisches Museum, vol 124 (1981) pp. 199 ff.

Williams, G E M, ‘Athenian poltics 508/7–480 BC: a reappraisal’ in Ahenaeus, vol 60 (1982) pp. 521–44.

Section Two 478 to 432 BC

Primary Sources

Diodorus Siculus, Library of History: book 11, chapters 41–62 (470s–60s in Athens);chapters 63–92 (Athens and Greeks vs Persia 450s BC); book 12, chapters 1–21 (Athens 450–30s BC) and 22–40 (outbreak of Peloponnesian War).

Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War, tr. Rex Warner (Penguin Classics, edition, 1954): the Penteconteitia, 478–35 BC (pp. 87–103); Pausanias and Themistocles 470s–60s BC (pp. 108–17); Epidamnus 435–3 BC (pp. 49–53); Corcyra 433–2 BC (pp. 53–67); Epidamnus 432 BC (pp. 58–61); countdown to war 432 BC (pp. 103–7).

Plutarch, The Rise and Fall of Athens, tr. Ian Scott-Kilvert (Penguin Classics, 1960): lives of Themistocles (pp. 95–108), Cimon (pp. 155–64), Pericles (pp. 165–99).

Secondary Sources

Books

Anderson, J K, Xenophon (London 1974).

Cambridge Ancient History, vol v, as above.

Connor, W, The New Politics of Fifth Century Athens (Princeton UP, 1971).

Cook, op. cit.

Deane, P, Thucydides’ Dates, 465–431 BC (Don Mills, Ontario, 1972).

De St. Croix, op. cit.

Dover, J K, Thucydides (Oxford UP 1973).

Dunrabin, op. cit.

Ehrenberg, Victor, Sophocles and Pericles (Oxford UP 1954).

Ehrenberg, Victor, The Greek State (Oxford UP 1960).

Finley, op. cit.

Finlay, J H, Thucydides (Cambridge, Mass., 1942).

Finlay, J H, Three Essays on Thucydides (Cambridge, Mass., 1967).

Forrest, op. cit.

Hammond, N G L, A History of Greece to 322 BC (Clarendon Press, 1987 edition).

Hansen, op. cit.

Hignett, op. cit.

Hornblower, S A, A Commentary on Thucydides: Vol I, Books I–III (Oxford UP 1997).

Kagan, Donald, The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War (Cornell UP, 1989).

Jones, A H M, op. cit.

Jones, A H M, Sparta (Oxford UP 1966).

McQuinn, T B, Athens and Samos, Lesbos and Chios, 478–404 BC (Manchester 1981).

Meiggs, Russell, The Athenian Empire (Oxford UP 1972).

Rhodes, P J, The Athenian Boule (Oxford UP 1972).

Articles

Adcock, F E, ‘The breakdown of the Thirty Years’ peace, 445–431 BC’ in The Cambridge Ancient History, volume 5 of original edition, pp. 165–92 (Cambridge 1940).

Alexander, J A, ‘Thucydides and the expedition of Callias against Potidaea, 432 BC’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 83 (1962) pp. 265–87.

Andrewes, A, ‘The Melian debate and Pericles’ last speech’ in Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society, vol 186 (1960) pp. 1–10.

Andrewes, A, ‘Thucydides and the causes of the war’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 9 (1959) pp. 229–39.

Andrewes, A, ‘The opposition to Pericles’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 98 (1978) pp. 1–8.

Badian, E, ‘The peace of Callias’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 107 (1987) pp. 1–39.

Barns, J, ‘Cimon and the first Athenian expedition to Cyprus’, in Historia, vol 2 (1953–4) pp.163–76.

Beaumont, R L, ‘Corinth, Ambracia, Apollonia’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 72 (1952) pp. 62–73.

Brunt, P A, ‘The Megarian decree’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 72 (1951) pp. 269–82.

Chambers, Mortimer, ‘Thucydides and Pericles’ in Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, vol 62 (1957) pp. 79 ff.

Cole, J B, ‘Cimon’s dismissal, Ephialtes’ revolution and the Peloponnesian Wars’ in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, vol 15 (1974) pp. 269–85.

Dickins, Guy, ‘The true cause of the Peloponnesian War’ in Classical Quarterly, vol 5 (1911) pp. 2238–48.

Dickins, Guy, ‘The growth of Spartan policy’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 32 (1912) pp. 1–42.

Frost, F J, ‘Thucydides, son of Melesias, and Athenian Politics before the War’ in Historia, vol 13 (1964) pp. 385–99.

Frost, F J, ‘Themistocles’ place in Athenian politics’ in Californian Studies in Classical Antiquity, vol I (1968) pp. 105 ff.

Hammond, N G L, ‘The origins and nature of the Athenian alliance of 478–7 BC’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 87 (1967) pp. 41–61.

Badian, E, ‘Towards a chronology of the Pentekonteitia down to the renewal of the Peace of Callias’, in Echoes du Monde Classique, new series, vol 7 (1988) pp. 289–320.

Drewes, R D, ‘Diodorus and his sources’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 83 (1962) pp. 383–94.

Du Boer, W, ‘Political propaganda in Greek chronology’ in Historia, vol 5 (1956) pp. 163–77.

Ehrenberg, V, ‘The foundation of Thurii’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 69 (1948) pp. 149–70.

Fornara, C W, ‘On the chronology of the Samian War’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 99 (1979) pp. 7–19.

Forrest, W, ‘Themistocles and Argos’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 10 (1960) pp. 221–41.

Jackson, A H, ‘The original purpose of the Delian League’ in Historia, vol 18 (1969) pp. 12–16.

Lamire, H B, ‘Pausanias and Persia’ in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, vol 11 (1970) pp. 295–305.

Leonardon, R, ‘The chronology of Themistocles’ ostracism and exile’ in Historia, vol 8 (1959) pp. 23–48.

Libourd, J M, ‘The Athenian disaster in Egypt’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 92 (1971) pp. 605–15.

Mattingly, H B, ‘The peace of Kallias’ in Historia, vol 15 (1965) pp. 273–81.

Mattingly, H B, ‘Periclean imperialism’ in Badian, E, ed., Mattingly, H B Ancient Societies and Institutions Mattingly, H B, pp. 193–224.

Meiggs, Russell, ‘The growth of Athenian imperialism’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 63 (1943) pp. 21–34.

Meiggs, Russell, ‘The crisis of Athenian imperialism’ in Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, vol 67 (1963) pp. 1–36.

Milton, M, ‘The date of Thucydides’ synchronization of the siege of Naxos with the flight of Themistocles’ in Historia, vol 28 (1979) pp. 257–75.

Oliver, J H, ‘The peace of Callias and the Pontic expedition of Pericles’ in Historia, vol 6 (1957) pp. 254–5.

Pritchett, W K, ‘The transfer of the Delian treasury’ in Historia, vol 18 (1961) pp. 17–71.

Raubitschek, A E, ‘The peace policy of Pericles’ in American Journal of Archaeology, vol 70 (1966) pp. 37–42.

Reece, D W, ‘The battle of Tanagra’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 70 (1950) pp. 75–6.

Reece, D W, ‘The date of the fall of Ithome’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 82 (1962) pp. 111–20.

Robertson, N D, ‘The true nature of the “Delian League”, 478–451 BC’ in American Journal of Ancient History, vol 5 (1980) pp. 64–96, 110–33.

Rhodes, P J, ‘Thucydides on Pausanias and Themistocles’ in Historia, vol 19 (1970) pp. 387–400.

Sealey, R, ‘The great earthquake in Lacedaemon’ in Historia, vol 6 (1957) pp. 357–71.

Smart, J D, ‘Kimon’s capture of Eion’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 92 (1972) pp. 128–46.

Smart, J D, ‘Athens and Egesta’ in ibid, pp. 146 ff.

Stockton, D, ‘The death of Ephialtes’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 32 (1982) pp. 227–8.

Wallace, W, ‘The Egyptian expedition and the chronology of the decade 460–450 BC’ in Transactions of the American Philological Association, vol 67 (1936) PP. 252–60.

Walsh, J, ‘The authenticity and the dates of the peace of Callias and the congress decree’ in Chiron, vol 11 (1981) pp. 31–63.

Westlake, H D, ‘Thucydides and the Athenian disaster in Egypt’ in Classical Philology, vol 45 (1950) pp. 209–16.

Westlake, H D, ‘Thucydides and the Penteconteitia’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 5 (1955) pp. 55–67.

White, M E, ‘Some Agiad dates: Pausanias and his sons’ in JKS, vol 84 (1964) pp. 140–52.

Section Three 431 to 404 BC

Primary Sources

Diodorus Siculus, Library of History: book 12, chapters 41–84 (420s Peloponnesian War); book 13, chapters 1–19 (Syracuse and Athens 415–13 BC), 19–64 (Peloponnesian War after 411 BC), 65–90 (end of the career of Alcibiades from 406 BC, and Carthage vs Greek Sicily in 400s BC), 91–114 (Peloponnesian War ends 406–4 BC, and rise of Dionysius I in Sicily 406–5 BC).

Thucydides, The Peloponnesian War, as above: 431 BC (pp. 119–51); 430 BC (pp. 151–68); 429–8 BC (pp. 168–93); Mytilene campaign and other events 428–7 BC (pp. 194–245); 426–5 BC (pp. 246–74); Pylos 425 BC (pp. 265–90); 425–4 BC (pp. 291–318); Delium campaign 424 and Macedonia 424–3 (pp. 318–34); 423 BC (pp. 423–47); 422–1 BC (pp.348–63); inter-war years 421–16 BC (pp.363–400); Melos 416 BC (pp. 400–08); Sicily 415 BC (pp. 414–42. 446–65); 414 BC (pp. 465–88); 413 BC Sicilian disaster (pp. 488–537); 412–11 BC (pp. 538–62); 411 BC constitutional crises (pp. 562–605).

X enophon, A History of My Times (i.e. the ‘Hellenica’), tr. Rex Warner (Penguin Classics, 1966): 411–07 BC (pp. 53–73); 406 BC (pp. 74–97); 405 BC (pp. 98–104); 404 BC (pp. 105–23).

Plutarch, The Rise and Fall of Athens, as above: lives of Pericles (pp. 199–206), Nicias (pp. 207–43); Alcibiades (pp. 247–83); Lysander (pp. 287–301).

Secondary Sources

Books

Anderson, op. cit.

Bommaeler, J, Lysandre de Sparte (Paris 1981).

Cambridge Ancient History, vol v, as above.

Connor, op. cit.

Cook, op. cit.

Dover, op. cit.

Finley, op. cit.

Finlay, op. cit.

Forrest, op. cit.

Hammond, N G L (1987 edition), op. cit.

Hansen, op. cit.

Hatzfeld, J, Alcibiades (Paris 1951).

Hignett, op. cit.

Kagan, Donald, The Archidamian War (Cornell University Press 1974).

Kagan, Donald, The Peace of Nicias and the Sicilian Expedition (London 1987).

Kagan, Donald, The Fall of the Athenian Empire (Cornell University Press 1987).

Jones, op. cit.

McQuinn, op. cit.

Matyzak, Philip, Expedition to Disaster: the Athenian Misson to Sicily in 415 BC (Pen and Sword 2012).

Meiggs, op. cit.

Articles

Amit, M, ‘The disintegration of the Athenian Empire in Asia Minor (412–405 BC)’ in Scripta Classica Israelica, vol 2 (1975) pp. 38–71

Andrewes, A, ‘The Melian debate and Pericles’ last speech’ in Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society, vol 186 (1960) pp. 1–10.

Andrewes, A, ‘The Arginusae trial’ in Phoenix, vol 28 (1974) pp. 112–22.

Bloeday, E, ‘Alicibiades re-examined’ in Historia, vol 21 (1973).

Brunt, P A, ‘Thucydides and Alcibiades’ in Revue des Etudes Grecques, vol 65 (1952) pp. 59–96.

Cloche, P. ‘L’Affaire d’Arginusae (406 avant JC)’, in Revue Historique, vol 130 (1919) pp. 5–68.

Ehrhart, C, ‘Xenophon and Diodorus on Aegospotamai’ in Phoenix, vol 24 (1970) pp. 225–8.

Ferguson, W, ‘The constitution of Theramenes’ in Classical Philology, vol 21 (1926) pp. 72–5.

Halladay, A, ‘Athens’ strategy in the Archidamian War’ in Historia, vol 27 (1978) pp. 399–427.

Harding, P, ‘The Theramenes myth’ in Phoenix, vol 28 (1974) pp. 101–11

Kelly, T, ‘Thucydides and Spartan strategy in the Archidamian War’ in American Historical Review, vol 87 (Feb 1982) pp. 25–54.

Lewin, A M and D, ‘Notes on the peace of Nicias’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 77 (1957) pp. 177–80.

McGregor, M, ‘Kleon, Nikias and the trebling of the tribute’ in Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, vol 66 (1935) pp. 146–64.

McGregor, M F, ‘The genius of Alcibiades’ in Phoenix, vol 19 (1965) pp. 27–46.

Meritt, B D, ‘The chronology of the Peloponnesian War’ in Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, vol 115 (1971) pp. 97–124.

Poole, J C F, ‘Thucydides and the plague of Athens’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 29 (1979) pp. 282–300.

Quinn, T J, ‘Political groups at Chios 412 BC’ in Historia, vol 18 (1969) pp. 22–30.

Rhodes, P J, ‘The Four Thousand in the Athenian revolutions of 411 BC’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 92 (1972) pp. 115–27.

St. Croix, G E M, ‘The constitution of the Five Thousand’ in Historia, vol 5 (1956) pp. 1–23.

Seaman, M G, ‘The Athenian expedition to Melos in 416 BC’ in Historia: Zeitschirift fur alte Geschichte, vol 6, part 4 (1997) pp. 385–418.

Smart, J D, ‘Athens and Egesta’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 12 (1972) pp. 128–46.

Strauss, Barry, ‘Aegospotamai reexamined’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 114 (1983) pp. 24–35.

West, A B, ‘Pericles’ political heirs’ in Classical Philology, vol 19 (1924) pp. 124–46, 201–18.

Westlake, H D, ‘Alicibiades, Agis and Spartan policy’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 58 (1938) pp. 31–40.

Section Four 403 to 360 BC

Primary Sources

Diodorus Siculus, Library of History: Book 14: chapters 1–18 (404–387 BC), 19–31 (expedition of the Ten Thousand 401–399 BC), 32–9 (390s wars of Agesilaus vs Persia), 40–78 (Carthage vs Dionysius I in 390s BC), 79–112 (Greece and Sicily to 387 BC); Book 15: chapters 1–56 (Greece to 371 BC), 57–95 (wars of the 360s BC, to Mantinea).

Plutarch, The Rise and Fall of Athens, as above: lives of Alcibiades (pp. 284–5), Lysander (pp. 301–18).

Plutarch, The Age of Alexander, tr. Ian Scott-Kilvert (Penguin Classics, 1973): Agesilaus (pp. 25–68); Pelopidas (pp. 69–103); dion (pp. 104–50).

Xenophon, A History of My Times, as above: Athens, 403–2 BC (pp. 124–35); 401–399 BC (pp. 139–47); 398–7 BC (pp. 148–63); 396–4 BC (pp. 164–206); 393–0 BC (pp. 207–21); 389–6 BC (pp. 222–55); 385–0 BC (pp. 256–78) ; 379–2 BC (pp. 279–316); 371–66 BC (pp. 317–82); 366–2 BC (pp. 383–403).

Xenophon, The Persian Expedition (i.e. ‘Anabasis’), tr. Rex Warner (Penguin Classics, 1949).

Secondary Sources

Books

Buckler, J, The Theban Hegemony 371–362 BC (Cambridge, Mass/London 1980).

Cargill, J, The Second Athenian League (Berkeley, California/London 1981).

Cartledge, P A, Sparta and Lakonia (London 1979).

Cartledge, P A, Agesilaos and the Crisis of Sparta (London 1987).

Cook, op. cit.

Gray, V G, The Character of Xenophon’s Hellenica (London 1989).

Hammond, N G L (1987 edition), op. cit.

Jones, A H M, Athenian Democracy (Oxford 1969).

Krentz, P, The Thirty at Athens (Cornell University Press 1982).

Ryder, T T B, Koine Eirene (London 1965).

West, A B, The History of the Chalcidian League (Madison, Wisconsin, 1973).

Articles

Anderson, J K, ‘The battle of Sardes in 395 BC’ in Californian Studies in Classical Antiquity, vol 7 (1974) pp. 27–53.

Bruce, I A F, ‘Internal politics and the outbreak of the Corinthian War’ in Emerita, vol 28 (1960) pp. 75–86.

Buckler, J, ‘Dating the peace of 375/4 BC’ in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, vol 12 (1971) pp. 353–71.

Buckler, J, ‘The Alleged Theban alliance of 386 BC’ in Eranos, vol 78 (1980) pp. 179–85.

Burnett, A B, ‘Thebes and the expansion of the second Athenian confederacy’ in Historia, vol 11 (1962) pp. 1–17.

Cawkwell, G, ‘The common peace of 366/5 BC’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 11 (1961) pp. 80–6.

Cawkwell, G, ‘Notes on the peace of 375/4’ in Historia, vol 12 (1963) pp. 84–93.

Cawkwell, G, ‘Epaminondas and Thebes’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 22 (1972) pp. 254–78.

Cawkwell, G, ‘The imperialism of Thrasyboulus’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 26 (1976) pp. 270–7.

Cawkwell, G, ‘The decline of Sparta’ in ibid., pp. 62–84.

Cawkwell, G, ‘The foundation of the second Athenian confederacy’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 28 (1978) pp. 43–60.

Cawkwell, G, ‘The King’s peace’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 31 (1981) pp. 69–83.

Fuks, A, ‘Notes on the rule of ten at Athens in 403 BC’ in Mnemosyne, vol 6 (1953) pp. 198–207.

Gray, V G, ‘The years 375–371 BC: a case study in the reliability of Diodorus and Xenophon’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 30 (1980) pp. 306–26.

Grayson, C, ‘Did Xenophon intend to write history?’ in Levick, B M, ed., The Ancient Historian and His Materials: Essays in Honour of C E Stevens (Farnborough, 1975) pp. 31–43.

Griffiths, G T, ‘The union of Corinth and Argos (392–386 BC)’ in Historia, vol 1 (1950) pp. 236–56.

Hamilton, C D, ‘Spartan politics and policy, 405–401 BC’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 91 (1970) pp. 294–314.

Hatzfeld, J, ‘Notes sur la chronologie des Helleniques’ in Revue des Etudes Anciennes, vol 25 (1933) pp. 387–95.

Kaller, L, ‘Iphikrates, Timotheos and Athens, 371–360 BC’ in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, vol 24 (1983) pp. 329–52.

Kelly, D H, ‘Agesilaus’ strategy in Asia Minor, 396–395 BC’ in Liverpool Classical Monthly, vol 3 (1978) pp. 97–8.

Macdonald, J, ‘A note on the raid of Sphodrias’ in Historia, vol 21 (1972) pp. 38–44.

Mosley, D J, ‘The Athenian embassy to Sparta in 371 BC’ in Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society, vol 188 (1962) pp. 41–6.

Mosley, D J, ‘Theban diplomacy 371 BC’ in Revue Etudes Grecques, vol 85 (1972) pp. 312–18.

Parke, H, ‘The development of the second Spartan empire (405–371 BC)’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 50 (1930) pp. 37–79.

Pedech, P, ‘La date de la bataille de Leuctra’ in Rivista d’Istoria Anticca, vol 2 (1972) pp. 2–6.

Perlman, S, ‘The causes and outbreak of the Corinthian War’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 14 (1964) pp. 64–81.

Rice, D G, ‘Agis, Agesipolis and Spartan politics, 386–379 BC’ in Historia, vol 23 (1974) pp. 164–82.

Roos, A G, ‘The peace of Sparta of 374 BC’ in Mnemosyne, series 4, vol 2 (1949) pp. 265–85.

Roy, J, ‘Arcadia and Boeotia in Peloponnesian affairs, 370–362 BC’ in Historia, vol 20 (1971) pp. 569–99.

Ryder, T T B, ‘Athenian foreign policy and the peace-conference at Sparta in 371 BC’ in Classical Quarterly, new series, vol 13 (1963) pp. 237–41.

Ryder, T T B, ‘Spartan relations with Persia after the King’s peace: a strange story in Diodorus book 15, ch. 9’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 13 (1963) pp. 105–9.

Sanders, L J, ‘Diodorus Siculus and Dionysius I of Syracuse’ in Historia, vol 30 (1981) pp. 394–411.

Seager, R, ‘Lysander and the Spartan empire’ in Classical Philology, vol 43 (1948) pp. 145–56.

Seager, R, ‘Thrasyboulus, Conon, and Athenian imperialism, 396–386 BC’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 87 (1967) pp. 95–115.

Seager, R, ‘The King’s peace and the balance of power in Greece, 386–362 BC’ in Athenaeum, vol 52 (1974) pp. 36–63.

Seager, R, ‘Agesilaus in Asia: propaganda and objectives’ in Liverpool Classical Monthly, vol 2 (1977) pp. 18–4.

Smith, R, ‘The opposition to Agesilaus’ foreign policy, 394–371 BC’ in Historia, vol 4 (1953) pp.274–88.

Thompson, W E, ‘The politics of Phlius’ in Eranos, vol 68 (1970) pp. 224–30.

Thompson, W E, ‘Arcadian factionalism in the 360s’ in Historia, vol 32 (1983) pp. 149–60.

Tuplin, C J, ‘The date of the union of Corinth and Argos’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 32 (1982) pp. 75–83.

Thompson, W E, ‘Timotheus and Corcyra: Problems in Greek History 375–373 BC’ in Athenaeum, vol 62 (1984) pp. 337–68.

Usher, S, ‘Xenophon, Critias and Theramenes’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 88 (1968) pp. 128–40.

Westlake, H D, ‘The sources of Plutarch’s “Pelopidas”’ in Classical Quarterly, vol 33 (1939) pp. 117–22.

Whitehead, R, ‘Sparta and the Thirty Tyrants’ in Ancient Society, vols 13–14 (1982–3) pp. 106–30.

Wiseman, J, ‘Epaminondas and the Theban invasions’ in Kiro, vol 51 (1969) pp. 277–99.

Section Five 359 to 323 BC

Primary Sources

Arrian, The Campaigns of Alexander, tr. Aubrey de Selincourt (Penguin Classics, 1971 edition): Book One (assassination of Philip 336 BC to Alexander at Gordium 333 BC); Book Two (to the fall of Gaza 332 BC); Book Three (to the capture of Bessus 329 BC); Book Four (to the Rock of Aornos 326 BC); Book Five (to Alexander’s decision on the Beas to return to Europe 325 BC); Book Six (to the arrival back in Persia 324 BC); Book Seven (to the death of Alexander 323 BC and the theories about his death being murder or not).

Austin, M M, The Hellenistic World From Alexander to the Roman Conquest: a Selection of Ancient Sources in Translation (Cambridge UP 1981).

Diodorus Siculus: Library of History: Book 16: chapters 22–39 (Philip II and Greece in the 350s BC), 40–65 (revival of Persia and the end of the Sacred War to 346 BC), 66–95 (career of Timoleon in Sicily and the wars of Philip vs the Greeks, ending with Philip’s assassination in 336 BC); Book 17: chapters 1–16 (Alexander in Greece to 334 BC), 17–39 (Alexander in Asia, to the battle of Issus 333 BC), 40–63 (to the battle of Gaugamela, 331 BC), 64–80 (to the death of Parmenion 330 BC), 81–103 (to India 325 BC), 104–18 (to the death of Alexander 323 BC).

Polybius, The Histories, tr. by Robin Waterfield (Oxford World Classics, Oxford UP 2010): Book Twelve, in this edition, pp. 427–31 on Callisthenes and Alexander, pp. 431–45 on Timaeus’ history of Timoleon.

Secondary Sources

Books

Adams, W L, and Borza, E, Philip II, Alexander the Great and the Macedonian Heritage (Lanham, Maryland 1982).

Bosworth, A B, From Arrian to Alexander (Oxford 1988).

Bosworth, A B, Conquest and Empire: the Reign of Alexander the Great (Oxford UP 1988).

Bosworth, A B and Baynham, E J, Alexander the Great in Fact And Fiction (Oxford UP 2006).

Bosworth, C, A Historical Commentary on Arrian’s History of Alexander, Books 1–3 (Oxford UP 1980).

Bradford, A S, Philip II of Macedon: A Life from the Ancient Sources (Westport, Connecticut 1992).

Buckler, J, Philip II and the Sacred War (Leiden 1989).

Carey, C, Aeschines (Austin, Texas, 2000).

Cargill, op. cit.

Cawkwell, G L, Philip of Macedon (London 1978).

Cartledge, P, Alexander the Great: The Hunt for a New Past (London 2003).

Ellis, J R, Philip II and Macedonian Imperialism (London 1976).

Errington, R M, A History of Macedonia (Berkeley/Los Angeles, 1990).

Fuller, J F C, The Generalship of Alexander the Great (New Brunswick 1960).

Green, P, Alexander of Macedon (Harmondswoth 1974).

Hamilton, J R, Plutarch’s Alexander: a Commentary (Oxford UP 1969).

Hammond, N G L, A History of Macedonia, vol 1 (Oxford UP 1972).

Hammond, N G L, Alexander the Great: King, Commander and Statesman (London 1980).

Hammond, N G L, Three Historians of Alexander the Great (Cambridge UP 1983).

Hammond, N G L, A History of Greece to 322 BC (Clarendon Press, 1987 edition).

Hammond, N G L, The Macedonian State: The Origins, Institutions and History (Oxfiord UP 1989).

Hammond, N G L and G Griffith, A History of Macedonia: vol 2 (Oxford 1979).

Hansen, M H, The Athenian Democracy in the Age of Demosthenes (Oxford UP 1991).

Hatzopoulos, M B, and Loukopoulos, L, eds, Philip of Macedon (London 1980).

Heckel, W, and Tritel, L A, eds, Crossroads of History: The Age of Alexander the Great (Claremont, 2003).

Herzfeld, E, The Persian Empire (Paris 1948)

Lane Fox, R, Alexander The Great (Penguin 1973).

Marsden, E W, The campaign of Gaugamela (London 1964).

Olmstead, A T, History of the Persian Empire (London 1948)

Pearson, L, The Lost Histories of Alexander the Great (American Philological Association, 1960).

Ryder, op. cit.

Sacks, K, Diodorus Siculus and the First Century (Princeton UP 1990).

Sealey, Robin, Demosthenes and his Time: A Study in Defeat (Oxford UP 1993).

Sprawski, S, Jason of Pherae (Krakow 1999).

Talbert, R J, Timoleon and the Revival of Greek Sicily 344–317 BC (Cambridge 1974).

Tarn, W W, Alexander the Great, 2 vols (Cambridge UP 1948).

Tuplin, C, ed., Xenophon and His World (Stuttgart 2004).

West, A B, op. cit.

Westlake, H D, Thessaly in the Fourth Century BC (London 1935).

Worthington, I, ed., Demosthenes: Statesman and Orator (London 2000).

Worthington, I, Alexander the Great: Man and God (London 2004).

Worthington, I, Philip II of Macedonia (Yale UP 2008).

Articles

Adams, W L, ‘The royal Macedonian tomb at Verghina: a historical interpretation’ in Ancient World, vol 3 (1980) pp. 67–72.

Andronikos, M, ‘The finds from the royal tombs at Verghina’ in Proceedings of the British Academy 65 (1979) pp. 355–67.

Badian, E, ‘The eunuch Bagoas’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 8 (1958) pp. 144–57.

Badian, E, ‘The death of Parmenion’ in Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association, vol 91 (1960) pp. 324–38.

Badian, E, ‘Harpalus’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 81 (1961) pp. 16–43.

Badian, E, ‘The death of Philip II’ in Phoenix, vol 17 (1963) pp. 244–50.

Badian, E, ‘Agis III’ in Hermes (1967), pp. 67–92.

Badian, E, ‘The battle of the Granicus: a new look’ in Ancient Macedonia, vol 2 (1977) pp. 271–93.

Balsdon, J P, ‘The “divinity” of Alexander’ in Historia, vol 1 (1950) pp. 363–88.

Battersby, C, ‘What killed Alexander the Great?’ in The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery, vol 77 (1007), pp. 85–7.

Bloedow. E, ‘Why did Philip and Alexander launch a war against the Persian Empire?’ in L’Antiquite Classique, vol 72 (2003) pp. 261–74.

Borza, E N, ‘Alexander and the return from Siwah’ in Historia, vol 16 (1967) p. 369.

Borza, E N, ‘Fire from heaven: Alexander at Persepolis’ in Classical Philology, vol 67 (1972) pp. 233–48.

Bosworth, A B, ‘The death of Alexander the Great: rumour and propaganda’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 21 (1971) pp. 112–36.

Bosworth, A B, ‘Errors in Arrian’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 26 (1976) pp. 17–39.

Bosworth, A B, ‘A missing year in the history of Alexander the Great’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 101 (1981) pp. 17–39.

Bosworth, A B, ‘Alexander the Great and the decline of Macedon’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 106 (1986) pp. 164–81.

Bosworth, A B, ‘Nearchus in Susiana’ in J Heinrichs, ed., Festchrift G Wirth zum 60 Geburtstag am 9.12.86 (Amsterdam 1988) pp. 546–67.

Brown, T S, ‘Callisthenes and Alexander’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 70 (1949) pp. 225–48.

Buckler, J, ‘Philip II’s designs on Greece’ in W R Wallace and E Harris, eds., Transitions in Empire: Essays in Honour of E Badian (Norman, Oklahoma 1996) pp. 77–96.

Burn, A R, ‘Notes on Alexander’s campaigns 332–330 BC’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 72 (1952) pp. 81–92.

Burstein, S M, ‘The tomb of Philip II and the succession of Alexander the Great’ in Echoes du Monde Classique, vol 26 (1982) pp. 141–63.

Carney, E D, ‘Olympias’ in Ancient Society, vol 18 (1987) pp. 35–62.

Cawkwell, G L, ‘Aeschines and the peace of Philocrates’ in Revue Etudes Grecques, vol 73 (1960) pp. 416–38.

Cawkwell, G L, ‘The defence of Olynthus’ in Classical Quarterly, vol 12 (1962) pp. 122–40.

Cawkwell, G L, ‘Eubulus’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies 83 (1963) pp. 47–67.

Cawkwell, G L, ‘Demosthenes’ policy after the peace of Philocrates I and II’ in Classical Quarterly, vol 13 (1963) pp. 120–3 and 200–13.

Devine, A M, ‘Grand tactica at Gaugamela’ in Phoenix, vol 29 (1975) pp. 374–85.

Dmitriev, S, ‘Alexander’s exiles decree’ in Klio, vol 86 (2004) pp. 34–81.

Ehrhart, C, ‘Two notes on Philip of Macedon’s first interventions in Thessaly’ in Classical Quarterly, vol 17 (1967) pp. 296–301.

Ellis, J R, ‘The order of the Olynthiacs’ in Historia, vol 16 (1967) pp. 108–11.

Ellis, J R, ‘The stepbrothers of Philip II’ in Historia, vol 22 (1973) pp. 350–4.

Ellis, J R, ‘Amyntas, Perdikkas, Philip II and Alexander the Great’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 91 (1971) pp. 15–24.

Ellis, J R, ‘The assassination of Philip II’ in H J Dell, ed., Ancient Macedonian Studies in Honour of C F Edson (Thessaloniki, 1981) pp. 99–137.

Fears, J R, ‘Pausanias the assassin of Philip II’ in Athenaeum, vol 53 (1975) pp. 111–35.

Frederiksmayer, E A, ‘Divine honours for Philip II’ in Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Society, vol 109 (1979) pp. 39–61.

Griffiths, G T, ‘Alexander’s generalship at Gaugamela’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 67 (1947) pp, 77–89.

Griffiths, G T, ‘Philip of Macedon’s early intervention in Thessaly’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 20 (1970) pp. 67–80.

Hamilton, J K, ‘The letter of Darius at Arrian (book) 2. (chapter) 14’ in Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society, vol 14 (1968) pp. 33–48.

Hamilton, J K, ‘The cavalry battle at the Hydaspes’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 76 (1956) pp. 26–31.

Hammond, N G L, ‘Alexander’s campaign in Illyria’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 94 (1974) pp. 61–87.

Hammond, N G L, ‘“Philip’s Tomb” in historical context’ in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, vol 19 (1978) pp. 331–50.

Hammond, N G L, ‘The battle of the Granicus river’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 100 (1980) p. 73–88.

Hammond, N G L, ‘Some passages in Arrian concerning Alexander’ in Classical Quarterly, vol 30 (1986) pp. 455–76.

Hammond, N G L, ‘The royal journal of Alexander’ in Historia, vol 37 (1988) pp. 129–50.

Hammond, N G L, ‘The battle between Philip and Bardylis’ in Antichthon, vol 23 (1989) pp. 1–9.

Hammond, N G L, ‘The sources of Justin on Macedonia to the death of Philip’ in Classical Quarterly, vol 41 (1991) pp. 496–508.

Heckel, W, ‘The conspiracy against Philotas’ in Phoenix, vol 31 (1977) pp. 9–21.

Heckel, W, ‘The flight of Harpalus and Taurrikos’ in Classical Philology, vol 72 (1977) pp. 133–5.

Heckel, W, ‘Kleopatra or Eurydike?’ in Phoenix, vol 32 (1978) pp. 155–8.

Heckel, W, ‘Philip and Olympias (337/6 BC)’ in Shrimpton, D S, and McCargar, D J, eds., Classical Contributions: Studies in Honour of M F McGregor (Locust Valley, New York, 1981).

Heskel, J, ‘Philip II and Argaios: a pretender’s story’ in Wallace, R W, and Harris, E, eds., Transitions in Empire: Essays in Honour of E Badian (Norman, Oklahoma, 1996) pp. 37–56.

Jones, T B, ‘Alexander the Great and the winter of 330/29 BC’ in Classical World, vol 28 (1935) pp. 124–5.

Kelly, D, ‘Philip II and the Boeotian alliance’ in Antichthon, vol 14 (1980) pp. 64–83.

Lehman, P W, ‘The so-called tomb of Philip II: a different interpretation’, in American Journal of Archaeology, vol 84 (1980) pp. 537–31.

Markle, M M, ‘The strategy of Philip II in 346 BC’ in Classical Quarterly, vol 24 (1974) pp. 253–68.

O’Neill, J, ‘Political trials under Alexander the Great and his successors’ in Antichthon, vol 33 (1999) pp. 28–47.

Parke, H W and Boardman, J, ‘The Struggle for the tripod and the first sacred war’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 77 (1957) pp. 276–82.

Pearson, G N, ‘The diary and the letters of Alexander the Great’ in Historia, vol 3 (1954–5) pp. 429–39.

Perlman, S, ‘Greek diplomatic tradition and the Corinthian League of Philip II’ in Historia, vol 34 (1985) pp. 153–74.

Rahe, P A, ‘The annihilation of the Sacred Band at Chaeronea’ in American Journal of Archaeology, vol 85 (1981) pp. 84–7.

Roebuck, C, ‘The settlement of Philip II with the Greek states in 338 BC’ in Classical Philology, vol 43 (1948) pp. 73–92.

Ruzicka, S, ‘A note on Philip II’s Persian War’ in American Journal of Ancient History, vol 10 (1985) pp. 84–95.

Ryder, T T B, ‘Demosthenes and Philip’s peace of 338/7 BC’ in Classical Quarterly, vol 26 (1976) pp. 85–7.

Schep, L, ‘The death of Alexander the Great: reconsidering poison’ in Whaeatley, P and Hannah, R Alexander the Great: Essays From the Antipodes (Regina, 2009), pp, 227–36.

Sprwaski, S, ‘Philip II and the Freedom of the Thessalians’ in Electrum, vol 9 (2003) pp. 61–4.

Sprwaski, S, ‘All the king’s men: the Thessalians and Philip II’s designs on Greece’ in Musial, D, ed., Society and Religions: Studies in Greek and Roman History (Torun, 2005).

Westlake, H D, ‘Friends and successors of Dion’ in Historia, vol 32 (1983) pp. 161–72.

Section Six 323 to 200 BC

Primary Sources

Diodorus Siculus, Library of History: Book 18, chapters 1–25 (the Successors, 323–2 BC), 26–75 (the Successors, to 317 BC); Book 19, chapters 1–9 (the rise of Agathocles in Sicily to 317 BC), 10–48 (Antigonus vs the other generals to 315 BC), 49–65 (the rise of Cassander and Greece in the 310s BC), 66–100 (Greece in the early 300s BC), 101–10 (Agathocles in the later 310s BC and the death of Alexander IV 311/10 BC); Book 20: chapters 1–18 (Sicily 310–02 BC), 19–44 (Agathocles vs Carthage in the early 310s BC), 45–72 (the careers of Agathocles, continued, and Demetrius in the early 310s BC), 73–90 (Demetrius 309–5, especially vs Rhodes), 91–113 (Antigonus vs the other Successors to Ipsus 301 BC); Book 21 (Greece and the Successors 301–285 BC, incomplete); Book 22 (the Gauls in Greece 280–77 BC, incomplete); Books 23 and 24 (the First Punic War, incomplete, to 241 BC); Book 26 (the Second Punic War in Sicily, incomplete); Book 27 (the career of Nabis of Sparta and other late 200s BC Greek events, incomplete); Book 28, opening section (Philip V vs Greece in the late 200s BC).

Livy, The War with Hannibal (Books 21–30 of The History of Rome from Its Foundations), tr. by Aubrey de Selincourt (Penguin Classics, 1965): Book 24, chs. 20–40 (pp. 255–81) on Sicily and Greece in 214 BC; Book 25, Books 8–11 (pp. 303–11) on southern Italy in 212 BC; Book 25, chapters 25–31 (pp. 325–38) on Sicily in 212 BC; Book 26, chapters 20–2 (pp. 380–5) on Sicily 211 BC, chapters 24–6 (pp. 386–9) on Greece in 210 BC, chapters 39–41 (pp. 405–9) on Tarentum and Sicily 210 BC; Book 17, chapters 15–16 (pp. 446–50) on southern Italy 209 BC, chapters 30–3 (pp. 468–72) on Greece 208 BC; Book 18, chapters 5–8 (pp. 501–7) on Greece in 207 BC.

Livy, Rome and the Mediterranean (Books 31–45 of The History of Rome From Its Foundation), tr. by Henry Bettenson (Penguin Classics, 1974): Book 31, chapters 1–4 on 201 BC, chapters 5–49 on 200 BC; Book 32, chapters 1–7 on 199 BC, chapters 8–27 on 198 BC, chapter 28 – Book 33, chapter 24 on 197 BC; Book 34, chapters 1–42 on 196 BC; chapter 43 – Book 34, chapter 45 on 195 BC; chapters 46–56 on 194 BC; chapter 57 – Book 25, chapter 22 on 193 BC; chapters 23–51 on 192 BC: Book 26, chapters 1–45 on 191 BC; Book 27, chapters 1–56 on 190 BC: Book 28, chapters 1–36 on 189 BC, chapters 37–42 on 188 BC, chapter 43 – Book 39, chapter 7 on 187 BC; Book 39, chapters 8–22 on 186 BC, chapters 23–32 on 185 BC, chapters 33–45 on 184 BC, chapters 46–2 on 183 BC; Book 40, chapters 1–19 on 182 BC, chapters 20–34 on 181 BC, chapters 35–44 on 180 BC, chapters 45–57 on 179 BC; Book 41, chapters 19–20 on 175 BC, chapters 21–6 on 174 BC; Book 42, chapters 1–6 on 173 BC, chapters 11–28 on 172 BC, chapter 29 – Book 43, chapter 3 on 171 BC; Book 43, chapters 4–12 on 170 BC, chapter 13 – Book 44, chapter 18 on 169 BC; Book 44, chapter 19 – Book 45, chapter 12 on 168 BC; Book 45, chapters 17–44 on 167 BC.

Polybius, The Histories, tr. by Robin Waterfield (Oxford World Classics, Oxford UP 2010): Book One (First Punic War, to 241 BC); Book Two (Greece and Macedon, plus the other Hellenistic kingdoms, to 222 BC); Book Three (Second Punic War to 216 BC, little on the Greeks); Book Four (Greece and Macedon 221 BC to the start of 218 BC); Book Five (Greece and Macedon/Second Punic War 218–16 BC); Book Six (a little on Greek constitutional affairs but mostly Rome).

Secondary Sources

Books

Adams, W L, Alexander the Great: Legacy of a Conqueror (Longmans, London 2004).

Bennett, B, and Roberts, M, The Wars of the Successors, in Commanders and Campaigns, vol 2 (Pen and Sword 2008/2009).

Berthold, R, Rhodes in the Hellenistic Age (Cornell UP 1984).

Bevan, E R, The House of Seleucus, 2 vols (London 1902).

Billows, R, Antigonus the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State (University of California Press 1990).

Bury, J B, The Cambridge Ancient History, original edition: vols 6–8 (Cambridge UP 1927–30).

Carey, M, A History of the Greek World from 323 to 146 BC (Methuen, 1972 edition).

Carney, E, Olympias: Mother of Alexander the Great (Routledge 2006).

Champion, J, Pyrrhus of Epirus (Pen and Sword 2009).

Cross, G N, Epirus (Cambridge 1932).

Ellis, W, Ptolemy of Egypt (Routledge, London 1994).

Gabbert, J, Antigonus II Gonatas: a Political Biography (Routledge, London 1997).

Grainger, J, The League of the Aetolians (Leiden 1999).

Grainger, J, Alexander the Great Failure: The Collapse of the Macedonian Empire (Continuum, London/New York 2007).

Habicht, C, Athens from Alexander to Antony, tr. D Schneider (Harvard UP 2007).

Hammond (1979), op. cit.

Hansen, E V, The Attalids of Pergamon (Ithaca, New York, 1947).

Heckel, W, The Marshals of Alexander’s Empire (Routledge, London, 1992).

Lund, H, Lysimachus: A Study in Early Hellenistic Kingship (Routledge, Lodon 1992).

O’Sullivan, D, The Regime of Demetrius of Phalerum in Athens, 317–307 BC (Leiden 2009).

Shimron, B, Late Sparta: the Spartan Revolution 243–146 BC (Buffalo, New York 1972).

Tarn, W W, Antigonus Gonatas (Oxford 1933).

Tarn, W W, The Greeks in Bactria and India (Cambridge, 1951 edition).

Walbank, F W, Aratus of Sicyon (Cambridge 1933).

Walbank, F W, Philip V of Macedon (Cambridge 1940).

Waterfield, R, Dividing the Spoils: the War for Alexander the Great’s Empire (Oxford UP 2011).

Articles

Adams, W L, ‘The dynamics of internal Macedonian politics in the time of Cassander’ in Ancient Macedonia, vol 3 (1983), pp. 3–30.

Adams, W L, ‘Antipater and Cassander: generalship on restricted resources in the fourth century’, in Ancient World, vol 10 (1984) pp. 79–88.

Adams, W L, ‘Cassander, Alexander IV and the tombs at Verghina’ in Ancient World, vol 22 (1991) pp. 27–33.

Adams, W L, ‘The successors of Alexander’ in Tritle, L, ed., The Greek World in the Fourth Century (Routledge, London 1997) pp. 228–48.

Anson, E, ‘The date of Triparadeisus’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 107 (1986) pp. 208–17.

Anson, E, ‘Antigonus, the satrap of Phrygia’ in Historia, vol 37 (1988) pp. 471–7.

Anson, E, ‘The evolution of the Macedonian army assembly (330–315 BC)’ in Historia, vol 40 (1991) pp. 230–47.

Anson, E, ‘The chronology of the Third Diadoch War’ in Phoenix, vol 60 (2006) pp. 226–35.

Ashton, N, ‘The Lamian War – a False Start?’ in Antichthon, vol 17 (1983) pp. 47–63.

Ashton, N, ‘Craterus from 324 to 321 BC’ in Ancient Macedonia, vol 5 (1993) pp. 125–31.

Ashton, N and Parkinson, S, ‘The death of Alexander the Great: a clinical reappraisal’ in Tamis, A M, ed., Macedonian Hellenism (Melbourne, 1990) pp. 27–36.

Badian, E, ‘The treaty between Rome and the Achaian League’ in Journal of Roman Studies, vol 42 (1952) pp. 76–80.

Badian, E, ‘Notes on Roman policy in Illyria (230–201 BC)’ in PBSR, vol 20 (1952) pp. 72–93.

Bayliss, A, ‘Antigonus the One-Eyed’s return to Asia in 322: a new restoration for a rasura in IG II 682’, in Zeitschrift fur Papyrologie und Ephigrafik, vol 155 (2006) pp. 208–26.

Baynham, E, ‘Antipater: manager of kings’ in Worthington, I, Ventures into Greek History (Oxford UP 1994) pp. 331–56.

Boiy, T, ‘Royal and satrapal armies in Babylon during the Second Diadoch War. The “Chronicle of the Successors” on the events during the seventh year of Philip Arrhidaeus (= 317/16 BC)’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 130 (2010) pp. 1–13.

Bosworth, A B, ‘Philip III Arrhidaeus and the Chronology of the Successors’ in Chiron, vol 22 (1992) pp. 56–81.

Bosworth, A B, ‘Perdiccas and the kings’ in Classical Quarterly, new series vol 43 (1993) pp. 420–7.

Bosworth, A B, ‘Ptolemy and the will of Alexander’ in Bosworth and Baynham, E, eds., Alexander the Great in Fact and Fiction (Oxford UP 2000) pp. 207–41.

Bosworth, A B, ‘Why did Athens lose the Lamian War?’ in Palagia, O, and Tracy, S, The Macedonians in Athens 322–229 BC (Oxford UP 2003), pp. 14–22.

Breebart, A, ‘King Seleucus I, Antiochus, and Stratonice’ in Mnemosyne, series 4, vol 20 (1967) pp. 154–64.

Briscoe, J, ‘The Antigonids and the Greek states’ in Garnsey, P, and Whitaker, C R, eds., Imperialism in the Ancient World (Cambridge 1971).

Brunt, P. ‘Alexander, Barsine and Heracles’ in Rivista di Filologia e d’Instruzione Classica, vol 103 (1975) pp. 22–34.

Burstein, S, ‘Lysimachus and the Greek cities of Asia: the case of Miletus’ in Ancient World, vol 3 (1980) pp. 73–9.

Burstein, S, ‘Lysimachus and the Greek cities: the early years’ in Ancient World, vol 14 (1986) pp. 19–24.

Carney, E, ‘The curious death of the Antipatrid dynasty’ in Ancient Macedonia, vol 6 (1999) pp. 209–16.

Carney, E, ‘The trouble with Philip Arrhidaeus’ in Ancient History Bulletin, vol 15 (2001) pp. 63–89.

Carney, E, ‘Women and military leadership in Macedonia’ in Ancient World, vol 35 (2004) pp. 184–95.

Collins, N, ‘The various fathers of Ptolemy I’ in Mnemosyne, series 4, vol 50 (1997) pp. 436–76.

Daubies, M, ‘Cleomene III, les helotes et Selassie’ in Historia, vol 20 (1971) pp. 665–95.

Delev, P. ‘Lysimachus and the Third War of the Successors (314–311 BC)’ in Angelova, H, ed., Thracia Pontica, vol VI. 2 (Sofia, 2003) pp 63–76.

Devine, A M, ‘Diodorus’ account of the Battle of Gaza’ in Aca Classica, vol 27 (1984) pp. 31–40.

Devine, A M, ‘Diodorus’ account of the Battle of Paraitacene (317 BC)’ in Ancient World, vol 12 (1985) pp. 75–86.

Devine, A M, ‘Diodorus’ account of the Battle of Gabiene’ in ibid., pp. 87–96.

Dow, S, and Edson, L F, ‘Chryseis: a study of the evidence in regard to the mother of Philip V’ in Harvard Studies in Classical Philology, vol 48 (1937) pp. 127–80.

Dmitriev, S, ‘The last marriage and death of Lysimachus’ in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, vol 47 (2007) pp. 135–49.

Errington, R M, ‘Philip V, Aratus and the conspiracy of Apelles’ in Historia, vol 16 (1967) pp. 19–36.

Errington, R M, ‘From Babylon to Triparideisos: 323 to 320 BC’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 90 (1970) pp. 49–77.

Errington, R M, ‘Diodorus Siculus and the chronology of the early Diadochi’ in Hermes, vol 105 (1977) pp. 478–504.

Ferguson, W S, ‘Demetrius Poliorcetes and the Hellenic League’ in Hesperia, vol 17 (1948) pp. 112–36.

Fine, J N A, ‘The background of the Social War of 220–217 BC’ in American Journal of Philology, vol 61 (1940) pp. 129–65.

Greenwalt, W, ‘The search for Arrhidaeus’ in Ancient World, vol 10 (1984) pp. 69–77.

Greenwalt, W, ‘Argead name changes’ in Ancient Macedonia, vol 6 (1999) pp. 453–62.

Gruen, E, ‘Aratus and the Achaean alliance with Macedon’ in Historia, vol 21 (1972) pp. 609–25.

Hammond, N G L, ‘Illyria, Rome and Macedon in 229–205 BC’ in Journal of Roman Studies, vol 58 (1968) pp. 1–20.

Hammond, N G L, ‘Alexander’s veterans after his death’ in Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, vol 25 (1984) pp. 51–61.

Hauben, H, ‘On the chronology of the years 313–311 BC’ in American Journal of Philosophy, vol 94 (1973) pp. 256–63.

Hauben, H, ‘The First War of the Successors (321 BC): chronological and historical problems’ in Ancient Society, vol 8 (1977), pp. 85–120.

Hauben, H, ‘Rhodes, Alexander and the Diadochi from 333/2 to 304 BC’ in Historia, vol 26 (1977) pp. 307–39.

Heckel, W, ‘The career of Antigenes’ in Symbolae Osloenses, vol 57 (1982) pp. 57–67.

Heckel, W, ‘The politics of Antipatros, 324–319 BC’ in Ancient Macedonia, vol 6 (1999) pp. 489–98.

Hope Simpson, R, ‘The political circumstances of the peace of 311 BC’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 74 (1954) pp. 25–31.

Hope Simpson, R, ‘Ptoleamaus’ invasion of Greece in 313 BC’ in Mnemosyne, series 4, vol 8 (1955) pp. 34–7.

Hope Simpson, R, ‘Antigonus, Polyperchon and the Macedonian regency’ in Historia, vol 6 (1957) pp. 371–3.

Kertesz, I, ‘Ptolemy I and the battle of Gaza’, in Studia Aegyptica (1974) pp. 231–41.

Laix, R de, ‘Polybius’ credibility and the triple alliance of 230/229 BC’ in Californian Studies in Classical Antiquity, vol 2 (1969) pp. 65–83.

Larsen, J R, ‘Phocis and the Social War of 220–217 BC’ in Phoenix, vol 19 (1965) pp. 116–28.

Macurdy, G, ‘Alexander IV and Roxane in Epirus’ in Journal of Hellenistic Studies 52 (1932) pp. 256–61.

Meeus, A, ‘The power struggle in Babylonia in 323 BC’ in Ancient Society, vol 38 (2008) pp. 39–82.

O’Sullivan, L, ‘“Le Roi Soleil”: Demetrius Poliorcetes and the dawn of the Sun King’, in Antichthon, vol 42 (2008), pp. 78–99.

Seyrig, H, ‘Seleucus I and the foundation of Hellenistic Syria’ in Ward, W A, ed., The Role of the Phoenicians in the Interraction of Mediterranean Civilizations (Beirut 1988), pp. 53–63.

Shimron, B, ‘Polybius and the reforms of Cleomenes III’ in Historia, vol 13 (1966) pp. 147–58.

Tarn, W W, ‘The first Syrian War’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 46 (1926) pp. 154–62.

Tarn, W W, ‘The new dating of the Chremonidean War’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 54 (1934) pp. 26–39.

Wheatley, P, ‘The date of Polyperchon’s invasion of Macedonia and murder of Heracles’ in Antichthon, vol 32 (1998) pp. 12–23.

Wheatley, P, ‘The chronology of the third Diadoch war’ in Phoenix, vol 52 (1998) pp. 257–81.

Wheatley, P, ‘The Antigonid campaign in Cyprus, 306 BC’ in Ancient Society, vol 31 (2001) pp. 133–56.

Section Seven 199 to 100 BC

Primary Sources

Diodorus Siculus, Library of History: Book 28, concluding section (Philip V vs Greece and the Romans, to 193 BC); Book 29 (Greece, the Seleucids, and Rome to 172 BC); Book 30 (the second Rome vs Macedonia war, 171–168 BC); Book 31 (Rome and Asia Minor to 153 BC); Book 32 (Rome, Greece, Macedonia and the Seleucids/Ptolemies to 145 BC).

Secondary Sources

Books

Allen, R, The Attalid Kingdom: a Constitutional History (Oxford UP 1983).

Auston, M M, The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest (Cambridge 1981).

Bevan, op. cit.

Bevan, A History of Egypt under the Ptolemaic Dynasty (Methuen London 1927).

The Cambridge Ancient History: vol VIII, ed. Aston E, Walbank F W, Frederiksen M W, and Ogilvie, R M (Cambridge UP 1989).

Carey, op. cit.

College, M A R, The Parthians (New York 1967).

Ferguson, W S, Hellenistic Athens (London 1911).

Fraser, G M, Ptolemaic Alexandria, 3 vols (Oxford 1972).

Hansen, op. cit.

Jansen, H L, Die Politik Antiochos IV (Oslo 1943).

Skeat, T, The Reigns of the Ptolemies (Munich 1954).

Walbank (1940), op. cit.

Whitehorne, J, Cleopatras (Routledge, London 1994).

Woodstock, G, The Greeks in India (London 1966).

Articles

Bellinger, A, ‘The end of the Seleucids’ in Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of the Arts and Sciences, vol 38 (1949) pp. 51–102.

Bikerman, E, ‘Notes on Seleucid and Parthian chronology’ in Berytus, vol 8 (1944) pp. 73–83.

Bunge, J, ‘Antiochus Helios’ in Historia, vol 24 (1975) pp. 164–88.

Bustein, S M, ‘The aftermath of the peace of Apamea’ in American Journal of Ancient History, vol 5 (1986) pp. 1–12.

Dell, H J, ‘Antiochus III and Rome’ in Classical Philology, vol 62 (1964) pp. 94–103.

Derow, P, ‘Polybius and the embassy of Kallikrates’ in Essays Presented to C M Bowra (Oxford 1970) pp. 12–24.

Derow, P, ‘Polybius, Rome and the East’ in Journal of Roman Studies, vol 69 (1979) pp. 1–15.

Errington, R M, ‘The alleged Syro-Macedonian pact and the origins of the Second Macedonian War’ in Athenaeum, vol 49 (1971) pp. 336–54.

Fuke, A, ‘The Bellum Achaicum and its social aspect’ in Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol 80 (1970) pp. 78–89.

Helliesen, J M, ‘Demetrius I Soter: a Seleucid King with an Antigonid Name’ in Dell, H, ed., Ancient Macedonian Studies in Honour of Charles F Edson (Thessaloniki 1981).

Holleaux, M, ‘Le mort d’Antioch IV Epiphanes’ in Revue Etudes Anciennes, vol 18 (1916) pp. 76–102.

Houghton, A, ‘The second reign of Demetrius II of Syria at Tarsus’ in American Numismatical Society Museum Notes, vol 24 (1979) pp. 211–16.

Macdonald, A H, ‘The treaty of Apamea (188 BC)’ in Journal of Roman Studies, vol 57 (1967) pp. 1–8.

Paltiel, E, ‘Antiochus IV and Demetrius of Syria’ in Antichthon, vol 15 (1979) pp. 42–7.

Paltiel, E, ‘Antiochus Epiphanes and Roman politics’ in Latomus, vol 41 (1982) pp. 229–54.

Swain, J W, ‘Antiochus Epiphanes in Egypt’ in Classical Philology, vol 39 (1944) pp. 73–94.