ARCHIVAL SOURCES
OFFICIAL RECORDS
Australian War Memorial, Canberra
AWM1 Australian Red Cross Society Wounded and Missing Enquiry Bureau Files, 1914–18 War
AWM4 AIF Unit War Diaries
AWM8 Unit Embarkation Nominal Rolls
AWM28 Recommendation Files for Honours and Awards AIF 1914–1918 War
AWM38 C. E. W. Bean Papers
AWM43 Biographical Indexes of C. E. W. Bean for 1914–18 War
AWM93 AWM Registry Files
National Archives, Australia, Canberra
B2455 First Australian Imperial Force Personnel Dossiers (1914–20)
The National Archives, London
WO95 First World War and Army of Occupation War Diaries
WO372 British Army Medal Index cards 1914–1920
PRIVATE RECORDS
Australian War Memorial, Canberra
3DRL/7047 Diary of Daniel Sidney Aarons
3DRL/7170B Letters of Sidney Abberton
2DRL/0007 Diary of Matthew Abson
PR00126 Letter of William Pitt Adams
1DRL/0013 Letters & diaries of James Murray Aitken
1DRL/0024 Diaries & letters of George Gilmour Allardyce
1DRL/0042 Letters of Alan Andrews
1DRL/0043 Letter of Harold Dudley Andrews
1DRL/0049 Diary of William James Archbold
3DRL/6306 Diary of Hixon Archibald
PR01237 Letters of John Atkins
PR00621 Letters of John Baillie
PR00983 Letters of Eric Arthur Ormond Baker
PR00557 Diary of Rupert Thomas James Baldwin
2DRL/0071 Personal account of Cecil Clyde Barnsley
3DRL/6371 Letters of William Baverstock
PR01005 Letter of Belthold Walter Beinke
PR90/151 Diaries of Isaac Betteridge
PR83/047 Diary of Alfred William Binskin
PR01679 Letters of Charles Blackman
PR84/336 Letters of John Joseph Booth
1DRL/0139 Letters of John Bourke
2DRL/1180 Letters, papers & memoirs of Leslie Boyce
1DRL/0144 Letters of Thomas Edney Bradshaw
1DRL/0155 Letters of Thomas Henry Britton
1DRL/0160 Letters of Francis Cecil Brown
2DRL/0692 Papers of Wilfred Brown
PR01499 Memoir of Oliver Bursill
1DRL/0179 Letters of Vincent Charles Callen
3DRL/5087(B) Letters of Rupert Campbell
2DRL/0013 Essays on service & manuscript of Alf Carne
2DRL/0185 Letters & documents of George Moffatt Carson
2DRL/0512 Diary of Benjamin William Champion
3DRL/6216 Letters of Harry Chumleigh
3DRL/0961 Diary of Allan Clements
MSS1357 Manuscript of William Russell Goodwin Colman
1DRL/0215 Letters of William Patrick Cosgrave
3DRL/4147 Diary of Walter Crane
PR00206 Letters of Cecil Hugo George Crisp
PR84/114 Letters of Warren Crooke
3DRL/7436 Diary of Arthur Cubis
1DRL/0233 Letters of Aubrey Hugh Darnell
PR01937 Diary of Claude Reilly Deitz
1DRL/0240 Diary of Apcar Leslie De Vine
PR00248 Diary of Walter Ernest Dexter
PR03115 Diary of Vincent Robert Dickinson
1DRL/0244 Papers of Herbert Leslie Dill
PR01148 Diary of Robert James Dixon
PR01249 Letters of William Dunbabin
1DRL/0251 Letters of Edward Wareham Eames
1DRL/0257 Diary of Eric Henry Drummond Edgerton
PR089/050 Manuscript of Albert William Edwards
3DRL/6049 Notes of Alfred Eichler
2DRL/0213 Letters of Lionel Elliott
PR87/218 Manuscript of Vincent James Emery
1DRL/0269 Letters of Alan Percy Rupert Evans
S001311 Oral history recording of Fred Farrell
PR00266 Diary of John Spence Finney
1DRL/0288 Letters of Frank Reinhardt Fischer
SO2043 Oral history recording of Charles Fisher
S01312 Oral history recording of John Albert Flannery
PR03351 Letter of John Boddy Forrest
1DRL/0299 Letters of Ernest Cecil Foss
1DRL/0303 Letters of Alfred Edward Gaby
2DRL/0092 Letters of Ivan Gair
PR90/157 Papers of Thomas Oliver Gardner
1DRL/0308 Letters of George Henry Gates
2DRL/0181 Diary of Gordon Gemmell
3DRL/3318 Diary of George William Godfrey
2DRL/0753; 3DRL/3059; 3DRL/0339 Papers of Robert Austin Goldrick
PR89/144 Diary of Charles Hamley
PR01387 Diary of Michael Patrick Hannan
PR00519 Papers of John Hardie
PR85/348 Letters of Edmund Lewis Harding
2DRL/0840 Manuscript of Henry George Hartnett
3DRL/6195 Diaries of John Harvey
S04348 Oral history recording of Alfred George Hayden
PR02015 Letters of Norman Cartwell Heathcote
PR84/313 Papers of Joseph Robert Height
PR86/318 Letters of Albert Hetherington
PR03795 Diary of John Wesley Hetherington
PR84/190 Diaries of Rubin James Hillier
PR87/208 Letters of Ernest George Hodge
PR02019 Papers of Harry Gordon Hodges
1DRL/0357 Letters of Lancelot Vicary Horniman
1DRL/0358 Letters of Robert Geoffrey Horniman
1DRL/0359 Papers of Douglas David Horton
PR00738 Papers of Robert Claud Vivian Humphery
PR83/148 Papers of Alexander Irvine
PR90/001 Letters & papers of George Isbister
3DRL/3846 Diary of Dudley Jackson
PR87/018 Letters of Paul Reginald Johanesen
PR00038 Papers of James Dawson Johnston
PR01726 Letters of John Clements Jones
2DRL/0521 J Papers of Leonard Jones
2DRL/0765 Diary of William Donovan Joynt
PR00818 Letters of Francis Kemp
2DRL/0042 Diary of Arthur Kilgour
PR03450 Letters of David Joseph King
S02052 Oral history recording of Albert Roy Kyle
1DRL/0404 Letters of Elmer Winifred Drake Laing
2DRL/0666 Manuscript of Norman Langford
MSS1682 Manuscript of Alfred Lewis
3DRL/6557 Paper of Cyril McEachern Lillie
PR00327 Diary of Horace Frank Lock
1DRL/0431 Letters of Alexander Warren MacDonald
PR01061 Diary of David Leonard Mack
2DRL/0144 Letters of Robert Mactier
PR03345 Diaries of Eric Latimer Major
1DRL/0473 Letters & papers of George Leslie Makin
1DRL/0488 Letters of John William Maunsell
1DRL/0423 Diaries of Charles Edward McCardel
2DRL/0029 Memoirs & papers of Kenneth Hamlyn McConnel
2DRL/0146 Letters of Cecil McDonald
PR00917 Diaries of Ronald Alison McInnis
S02056 Oral history recording of Clive McKenzie
PR01209 Papers of Cyril James Claridge McQuie
PR03005 Diaries of John Hartley Meads
PR00792 Diaries of William Richard Miller
2DRL/0928 Diary of George Deane Mitchell
2DRL/0761 & 3DRL/6316 Letters of Glen Heriot Morrice
2DRL/0752 Manuscript of Henry Herbert Neaves
PR01327 Letters of Percy Frocham Neyle
3DRL/2718 Diaries of Vivian Noble
MSS0954 Manuscript of William Oakes
PR85/253 Manuscript of George Gordon O’Keefe
PR00597 Diary & letters of William Edward Peach
PR86/072 Diary of Polinelli Lawrence
PR86/136 Letters of Thomas Quinn
2DRL/0786 Diaries of Thomas James Richards
3DRL/3427 Memoirs of John Richardson
3DRL/6428 Letters of John Ridley
PR00395 Memoirs of Richard Roberts
PR03244 Letters & diary of John David Rogers
2DRL/0106 Diary of Allan Ernest Rostron
PR04311 Letters of Keith Rourke
PR04311 Diary of Christopher Sandilands
2DRL/0234 Manuscript of Verdi Schinghammer
PR04679 Diary of Mervyn William Scolyer
PR00772 Letters of John William Scott
PR84/075 Memoirs of John William Searcy
2DRL/0278 Papers of Frank Semple
MSS1369 Manuscript of Harold Sutton Shapcott
PR83/113 Letters of Abel Richmond Sheath
PR00733 Letters of Ronald Henry Simpson
S03447 Oral history recording of John Henry Smallman
2DRL/0271 Letters of John Nixon Smith
S02069 Oral history recording of William Hunt Smith
3DRL/7476 Letters of William James Vernon Smith
PR01463 Diaries of Percy Ellesmere Smythe
3DRL/6551 Papers of Bertie Stacy
PR88/088 Letters & essay of Ferdinand August Stichnoth
2DRL/0196 Diaries of Graeme Stobie
PR02000 Letters of Sydney Clezy Stockham
PR85/179 Manuscript of Edmund Harrington Street
S03732 Oral history recording of John Cyrus Sykes
3DRL/2206 Letters & diary of Arthur Thomas
PR84/331 Diary of Edgar Allan Thompson
2DRL/0274 Diary of David Thomson
2DRL/0706 Letters of Arthur Cecil Traill
2DRL/0711 Diaries of Sydney Robert Traill
PR00511 Papers of Joseph Robert Trotman
PR91/015 Diaries of John Henry Llewellyn Turnbull
S01982 Oral history recording of Abram Unicom
1DRL/0591 Papers of John Stuart Dight Walker
PR04811 Papers of William Walker
3DRL/6704 Diary of Norman Wallace
3DRL 2773 Papers of Maurice Wilder-Nelligan
MSS1337 Manuscript of Albert Williams
PR86/341 Diary of David Temple Wilson
PR84/201 Diary of E Wilson
PR89/163 Diary of Archibald Thomas Winter
PR03285 Letters of Arthur Woodhead
3DRL/7832 Letters of William Woodnorth
PR86/308 Diaries & manuscript of George James Wright
PR86/208 Diaries of Leslie David Wright
Imperial War Museum, London
81/20/1–2 Diary of J. A. Douglas
06/89/1 Letters of Private Harry Hutton
88/52/1 Memoirs of A. J. Jamieson
09/76/1 Diary of T. A. Laidlaw
06/87/1 Letters & memoir of Archibald Gordon MacGregor
89/21/1 Diary of J. E. March
MISC 175 Item 2658 Diary of Sir Henry Hugh Tudor
Mitchell Library, (Records of the European War Collecting Project), State Library of NSW, Sydney
ML MSS 1607 Items 1 & 2 Diaries of Francis Addy
ML MSS 7504; MLDOC 2754 Memoirs of Harold Dudley Andrews
ML MSS 1493/1 Diaries of Archibald Barwick
ML MSS1273 Items 3, 4 & 5 Diary & memoir of Alfred Ernest Cornelius Bray
ML MSS1536 Diary of Francis Joseph Campbell Brewer
ML MSS 1300 Items 4 & 5 Diaries of Hector Brewer
ML MSS 1396 Items 2 & 3 Diaries of Charles James Britton
ML MSS1236 Item 2 Manuscript of William Henry Camroux
ML MSS 1224 Letters of Harrie Joseph Cave
ML MSS 1251 Item 3 Diary of Arthur Henry Freebody
ML MSS 2763 Items 1 & 2 Diaries of Clifford Mervyn Geddes
ML MSS 2765 Items 3, 6 & 17 Diaries of George Thomasson Gill
ML MSS 2772 Items 4 & 5 Diaries of Herbert Henry Harris
ML MSS 2780 Items 1 & 2 Diary & letters of John Keary
ML MSS 2877 Item 4 Diary of John Owen Maddox
ML MSS 2879 Diary of Douglas Marks
ML MSS1143 Diary of Harold Mercer
ML MSS 1689 Item 3 Diary of W Middleton
ML MSS 2937 Items 3 & 4 Diaries of Lancelot McArthur Ottway
ML MSS 2773 Item 4 Diaries of Harris Robert
ML MSS 2963 Items 1 & 2 Diary of G Vaughan Rose
ML MSS 2739 Diaries of Sir Charles Rosenthal
ML MSS 3058/Box 2/Items 19 & 20 Diaries of Aubrey Wiltshire
ML MSS 985 Item 6 Diary of Sydney Bond Young
State Library of South Australia
SLSAPRG272/2 Papers of Cecil Lock
State Library of Victoria, La Trobe Library
MS10449 MSB216 Diary & papers of J. H. Brian Armstrong
MSB223 MS10511 Diary & memoirs of John Edey
MS8183 Box 265/4 Letters of Frank W Roberts
MS10247 MSB180 Letters of Phillip James Smith
Western Australian Army Museum
UH11/2 Diary & notebooks of James Rafferty
Personal Document No. 1325, Catalogue No. 33367, Bay 5, Box 6 Diaries of Edwin Stanley Inman
Papers in private hands
Papers, photos & diaries of Isaac Henry Betteridge, courtesy of Beth Harvey
Photos of Walter Ernest Brown, courtesy of Pamela Gould
Papers, photos & memoirs of Colin Hope Butler & family, courtesy of Ian Butler
Papers, photos & diaries of Jack Charles Hayes, courtesy of Helen Thomson, Nola Moore and the late John Hayes
Papers, photos & diaries of Dalton Thomas Walker Neville, courtesy of Dalton F. Neville
NEWSPAPERS
Aussie: The Australian Soldiers’ Magazine, France, 1918
Bendigonian, Bendigo, 8/3/17
Chronicles of the N.Z.E.F.: Records of Matters Concerning the Troops, No. 1–61, 1916–1919
Daily Mail, London, 21/5/18
Maitland Mercury, 3/3/17
Richmond River Herald and Northern Districts Advertiser, 25/7/19
Sunday Times, Perth, 26/02/22
Sydney Morning Herald, 31/12/19
Western Mail, Perth, 10/11/38
PUBLISHED SOURCES
Unit Histories
R. Austin, As Rough as Bags: The History of the 6th Battalion, 1st A.I.F., 1914–1919, R. J. & S. P. Austin, McCrae, 1992
— Cobbers in Khaki: The History of the 8th Battalion 1914–1918, Slouch Hat Publications, Macrae, 1997
—Forward Undeterred: The History of the 23rd Battalion 1915–1918, Slouch Hat Publications, Rosebud, 1998
—Our Dear Old Battalion: The Story of the 7th Battalion A.I.F., Slouch Hat Publications, McCrae, 2004
—The Fighting Fourth: A History of Sydney’s 4th Battalion 1914–1919, Slouch Hat Publications, McRae, 2007
W. S. Austin, The Official History of the New Zealand Rifle Brigade (The Earl of Liverpool’s Own): Covering the period of service with the New Zealand Expeditionary Force in the Great War from 1915 to 1919, L.T. Watkins LTD, Wellington, 1924
W. C. Belford, Legs Eleven: Being the Story of the 11th Battalion AIF in the Great War, (Uckfield, 2010) Imperial Printing Company, Perth, 1940
D. Bilton, Hull Pals: 10th, 11th, 12th & 13th Battalions East Yorkshire Regiment: A History of the 92 Infantry Brigade 31 Division, Pen & Sword Books Ltd, South Yorkshire, 1999
—Images of War: The Germans in Flanders 1917–1918, Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley, 2013
D. Blair, Dinkum Diggers: an Australian Battalion at War (1st Battalion), Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 2001
V. Brahms, Spirit of the Forty-Second: Narrative of the 42nd Battalion, 11th Infantry Brigade 3rd Division, AIF 1914–18, (1938), The Naval & Military Press, Uckfield, 2010
N. Browning, For King and Cobbers: 51st Battalion A.I.F. 1916–1919, Advance Press, Bassendean, 2007
—The Blue and White Diamond: History of the 28th Battalion A.I.F. 1915–1919, Quality Press, Osbourne Park, 2010
A. E. Byrne, Official History of the Otago Regiment, N.Z.E.F. in the Great War 1914–1918, J. Wilkie, Dunedin, 1930
T. P. Chataway, History of the 15th Battalion Australian Imperial Forces War 1914–1918, William Brooks & Co, Brisbane, 1948
M. A. Clark, Carmichael’s 1000: A History of 36th Battalion, AIF 1916–1918, Australian Military History Publications, Loftus, NSW, 2014
E. J. Colliver & B. H. Richardson, The Forty-Third: The Story and Official History of the 43rd Battalion A.I.F., Rigby Ltd, Adelaide, 1920
M. Connelly, Steady the Buff s!: A Regiment, a Region, and the Great War, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2006
J. O. Coop, The Story of the 55th (West Lancashire) Division, Daily Post printers, Liverpool (1919), The Naval and Military Press, Uckfield, 2009
F. Cranston, Always Faithful: A History of the 49th Australian Infantry Battalion 1916–1982, Boolarong, Brisbane, 1983
T. A. Cusack, & F. W. Taylor, Nulli Secundus: A History of the Second Battalion, A.I.F. 1914–1919, (1942), John Burridge Military Antiques, Swanbourne, 1992
C. Deayton, Battle Scarred: The 47th Battalion in the First World War, Big Sky, Newport, 2011
W. Dollman, & H. M. Skinner, The Blue and Brown Diamond: A History of the 27th Battalion Australian Imperial Force, 1915–1919, Lonnen and Cope, Adelaide, 1921
B. Doneley, Black Over Blue: The 25th Battalion, A.I.F. at War 1915–1918, USQ Press, Toowoomba, 1997
J. Ewing, The History of the Ninth (Scottish) Division 1914–1919, John Murray, London (1921), The Naval and Military Press, Uckfield, 2009
R. Flenley, A Brief History of the 30th Division: From its Reconstruction in July, 1918 to the Armistice, 11th November 1918, The Naval and Military Press, Uckfield, 2005
R. R. Freeman, Hurcombe’s Hungry Half Hundred: A Memorial History of the 50th Battalion A.I.F. 1916–1919, Peacock Publications, Norwood, 1991
I. Gill, Fremantle to France: 11th Battalion A.I.F. 1914–1919, Advance, Perth, 2003
—Bloody Angle Bullecourt & Beyond: 16th Battalion, A.I.F. 1914–1919, self-published, Perth, 2008
E. Gorman, ‘With the Twenty-Second’: A History of the Twenty-Second Battalion, A.I.F., (1919), History House, Melbourne, 2001
F. C. Green, The Fortieth: A Record of the 40th Battalion, A.I.F., (1922), The Naval and Military Press, Uckfield, 2007
W. E. Grey, The 2nd City of London Regiment (Royal Fusiliers) in the Great War (1914–1919), Headquarters of the Regiment, London, 1929
N. K. Harvey, From Anzac to the Hindenburg Line: The History of the 9th Battalion, A.I.F., Brisbane, (1941), The Naval and Military Press, Uckfield, 2009
W. J. Harvey, The Red and White Diamond: Authorised History of the Twenty-Fourth Battalion A.I.F., Melbourne, (1920), The Naval and Military Press, Uckfield, 2010
H. Kahan, The 28th Battalion Australian Imperial Force: A Record of War Service, (1969), Hesperian Press, Victoria Park, 2007
J. J. Kennedy, The Whale Oil Guards: 53rd Australian Infantry Battalion, Dublin (1919), The Naval and Military Press, Uckfield, 2009
A. W. Keown, Forward with the Fifth, Melbourne, (1921), The Naval and Military Press Ltd, Uckfield, 2009
J. E. Lee, The Chronicle of the 45th Battalion A.I.F., Mortons Ltd, Sydney, 1927
C. Lock, The Fighting 10th: A South Australian Centenary Souvenir of the 10th Battalion, A.I.F. 1914–19, Webb & Son, Adelaide, 1936
C. Longmore, The Old Sixteenth: Being a Record of the 16th Battalion, A.I.F. During the Great War, 1914–1918, (1929), Hesperian Press, Perth, 2007
—‘Eggs-a-Cook’ The Story of the Forty-Fourth: War as the Diggers Fought It, (1921), Hesperian Press, Victoria Park, 2010
K. W. Mackenzie, The Story of the Seventeenth Battalion A.I.F. in the Great War, 17th Battalion Association, Sydney, 1946
A. H. Maude, The History of the 47th (London) Division 1914–1919, (1922), The Naval & Military Press, Uckfield, 2009
N. P. McNichol, The Thirty-Seventh: History of the Thirty-Seventh Battalion, AIF, (1936), The Naval and Military Press, Uckfield, 2010
A. A. Montgomery, The Story of the Fourth Army in the Battles of the Hundred Days: August 8th to November 11th, Hodder & Stoughton, London, 1919
L. M. Newton, The Story of the Twelfth: A Record of the 12th Battalion A.I.F. During the Great War of 1914–1918, 12th Battalion Association, Hobart, 1925
G. H. F. Nichols (Quex), The 18th Division in the Great War, (1922), The Naval & Military Press, Uckfield, 2004
—Pushed and the Return Push, (1919), The Naval and Military Press, Uckfield, 2009
F. W. Speed (ed), Esprit de Corps: The History of the Victorian Scottish Regiment and the 5th Infantry Battalion, Allen & Unwin, North Sydney, 1988
B. V. Stacy, F. J. Kindon, & H. V. Chedgey, The History of the First Battalion AIF 1914–1919, First Battalion AIF Association, Sydney, 1931
N. Wanliss, The History of the Fourteenth Battalion, A.I.F.: Being the Story of the Vicissitudes of an Australian Unit During the Great War, The Arrow Printery, Melbourne, 1929
T. A. White, The Fighting Thirteenth, Tyrell’s Ltd for the 13th Battalion, AIF Committee, Sydney, 1924
E. Wren, Randwick to Hargicourt: History of the 3rd Battalion, A.I.F., Ronald G. McDonald, Sydney, 1935
C. M. Wrench, Campaigning with the Fighting Ninth: In and out of the Line with the Ninth Battalion A.I.F., Boolarong, Brisbane, 1985
—The Forty-First: Being a Record of the 41st AIF During the Great War, compiled by Members of the Intelligence Staff, St Maxen, 1919
USA General Staff, Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-one Divisions of the German Army which participated in the War (1914–1918), Chaumont, 1919
Published diaries and memoirs
A. Aitken, Gallipoli to the Somme: Recollections of a New Zealand Infantryman, Oxford University Press, London, 1963
B. Bishop, The Hell, the Humour and the Heartbreak: A Private’s View of World War 1, Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst, 1991
W. H. Downing, To the Last Ridge, (1920), Duffy and Snellgrove, Sydney, 1998
J. C. Dunn, The War the Infantry Knew 1914–1919, (1938), Cardinal, London, 1989
G. V. Evans, Recollections of the 1914–1918 War, self-published, Spring Hill, 1982
W. E. Harney, Bill Harney’s War, Currey O’Neil, Melbourne, 1983
H. Hart, (J. Crawford ed), The Devil’s Own War: Gallipoli, the Somme and Passchendaele as They Happened, Exisle, Auckland, 2009
W. D. Joynt, Saving the Channel Ports: 1918 After the Breach of the 5th Army, Wren Publishing, North Blackburn, 1975
E. C. Macveah & L. D. Brown, The Yankee in the British Zone, G. P. Putnam’s Sons, New York, 1920
F. Manning, The Middle Parts of Fortune, (1929), Text, Melbourne, 2012
H. Matthews, Saints and Soldiers: With the Men Over There, W. F. Floessell, Sydney, 1918
J. Maxwell, Hells Bells and Mademoiselles: A True Story of Life, Love and Larrikinism on the Western Front, (1932), Harper Collins, Sydney, 2012
G. D. Mitchell, Backs to the Wall: A Larrikin on the Western Front, (1937), Allen & Unwin, Crows Nest, 2007
J. Monash, The Australian Victories in France in 1918, (1920), Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 1936
T. J. Moore, Soldier’s Own Diary, G. W. Moore Consulting Service, Osbourne Park, 2009
E. Morrow, Iron in the Fire, (1934), Hesperian Press, Victoria Park, 2006
T. Richards, (G. Growden ed), Wallaby Warrior: The World War I Diaries of Australia’s Only British Lion, Allen & Unwin, Crow’s Nest, 2013
D. Richert (translated by D. C. Sutherland), The Kaiser’s Reluctant Conscript: My Experiences in the War 1914–1918, (1989), Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley, 2012
E. J. Rule, Jacka’s Mob: A Narrative of the Great War, (1933), Military Melbourne, Prahran, 1999
H. R. Williams, An Anzac on the Western Front: The Personal Reflections of an Australian Infantryman from 1916 to 1918, (first published as The Gallant Company, 1933), Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley, 2012
—Comrades of the Great Adventure, Angus & Robertson, Sydney, 1935
J. A. Williamson, They Simply Fade Away: With the 48th in France, (1938), Hesperian Press, 2009
R. A. Wilson, A Two Years Interlude: France, 1916–1918, Keeling & Mundy Ltd, Palmerston North, n.d.
P. Yule (ed), Sergeant Lawrence Goes to France, Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1987
Other secondary sources
F. Adams, The Australians: A Social Sketch, T. F. Unwin, London, 1893
N. Anderson, Australian War Memorial: Treasures from a Century of Collecting, Murdoch Books, Millers Point, 2012
P. Barton, Passchendaele: Unseen Panoramas of the Third Battle of Ypres, Constable, London, 2007
C. E. W. Bean, The Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918: The Story of ANZAC from the Outbreak of War to the End of the First Phase of the Gallipoli Campaign, May 4, 1915, 11th edn, Vol. I, Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 1941
— The Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918: The Story of ANZAC from 4 May, 1915, to the Evacuation of the Gallipoli Peninsula, 11th edn, Vol. II, Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 1941
—The Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918: The AIF in France 1916, 12th edn, Vol. III, Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 1941
—The Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918: The Australian Imperial Force in France, 1917, 11th edn, Vol. IV, Sydney, 1941
—The Official History of Australia in the War of 1914-1918: The Australian Imperial Force in France During the Main German Offensive, 1918, 8th edn, Vol. V, Sydney, 1941
—The Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918: The Australian Imperial Force in France During the Allied Offensive, 1918, Vol. VI, Sydney, 1942
—Anzac to Amiens, (1946), Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1993
J. Beaumont, Broken Nation: Australians in the Great War, Allen & Unwin, Crows Nest, 2013
M. Bomford, Beaten Down By Blood: The Battle of Mont St Quentin–Peronne 1918, Big Sky Publishing, Newport, 2012
B. Bond et al, ‘Look to Your Front’: Studies in the First World War, Spellmount, Staplehurst, 1999
J. Bou, Light Horse: A History of Australia’s Mounted Arm, Port Melbourne, 2010
N. Boyack, Behind the Lines: The Lives of New Zealand Soldiers in the First World War, Allen & Unwin, Wellington, 1989
J. Brophy & E. Partridge, The Long Trail: Soldier’s Songs & Slang 1914–18, Sphere, London, 1969
M. Brown, The Imperial War Museum Book of 1918: Year of Victory, Sigwick & Jackson, London, 1998
S. Bull, German Assault Troops of the First World War Stosstrupptaklik, The First Stormtroopers, Spellmount, Stroud, 2007
— (compiled and introduced by), An Officer’s Manual of the Western Front 1914–1918, Conway, London, 2008
D. F. Burg & L. E. Purcell, Almanac of World War I, The University Press of Kentucky, Kentucky, 1998
A. G. Butler, Official History of the Australian Army Medical Services in the War of 1914–1918, Vol. II, Australian War Memorial, Melbourne, 1940
—Official History of the Australian Army Medical Services in the War of 1914–1918, Vol. III, Australian War Memorial, Canberra, 1943
D. W. Cameron, The Battle of Lone Pine: Four Days of Hell at the Heart of Gallipoli, Penguin, Camberwell, 2012
L. Carlyon, The Great War, Macmillan, Sydney, 2006
B. A. Chalmers, Next to Impossible: The Remarkable Life of Albert Chalmers Borella VC, self-published, Deniliquin, 2015
I. Chapman, Iven G. Mackay: Citizen and Soldier, Melway, Melbourne, 1975
P. Charlton, Australians on the Somme: Pozières 1916, Methuen Haynes, North Ryde, 1966
R. Chickering, Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914–1918, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004
A. Clayton, The British Officer: Leading the Army from 1660 to the Present, Pearson, Harlow, 2006
T. Cook, At the Sharp End: Canadians Fighting the Great War 1914–1916, Vol. One, Viking Canada, Toronto, 2007
—Shock Troops: Canadians Fighting the Great War 1917–1918, Vol. Two, Viking Canada, Toronto, 2008
C. Coulthard-Clark, Where Australians Fought: The Encyclopaedia of Australia’s Battles, Allen & Unwin, St Leonards, 1998
R. Coulthart, The Lost Diggers, HarperCollins Publishers, Sydney, 2012
J. Crawford & I. McGibbon (eds), New Zealand’s Great War: New Zealand, the Allies & the First World War, Exisle, Auckland, 2007
R. M. Crawford, Australia, (1952), Hutchinson University Library, London, 1961
F. M. Cutlack, The Australians: Their Final Campaign, 1918, Samson, Low Marston & Co, London, 1919
W. Davies, In the Footsteps of Private Lynch, Vintage, Sydney, 2008
G. Davison, J. W. McCarty & A. McLeary (eds), Australians 1888, Fairfax, Syme & Weldon Associates, Broadway, 1987
J. N. I. Dawes & L. L. Robson, Citizen to Soldier: Australia Before the Great War – Recollections of Members of the First A.I.F., Melbourne University Press, Melbourne, 1977
P. Dennis & J. Grey (eds) 1918 Defining Victory, Chief of Army History Conference 1998, Army History Unit, Department of Defence, Canberra, 1999
P. Edgar, To Villers-Bretonneux: Brigadier-General William Glasgow, DSO and the 13th Australian Infantry Brigade, Australian Military History Publications, Loftus, 2006
A. Ekins, ‘Fighting to Exhaustion: Morale, discipline and combat effectiveness in the armies of 1918’, 1918 The Year of Victory: The End of the Great War and the Shaping of History, Exisle, Auckland, 2010
B. Farwell, Over There: The United States in the Great War, 1917–1918, W. W. Norton & Co., New York, 1999
W. H. Fitchett, Deeds That Won the Empire: Historic Battle Scenes, Smith, Elder & Co., London, 1904
R. Fleming, The Australian Army in World War I, Osprey Publishing, Oxford, 2012
J. Furphy (T. Collins), Such Is Life: Being Certain Extracts from the Diary of Tom Collins, (1903), Text, Melbourne, 2013
B. Gammage, The Broken Years: Australian Soldiers in the Great War, (1974), Melbourne University Publishing, Melbourne, 2010
J. Gasson, Travis V.C.: Man in No Man’s Land, Reed, Wellington, 1966
G. Gliddon, VCs of the First World War: The Road to Victory 1918, Sutton, Stroud, 2000
E. Greenhalgh, Foch in Command: The Forging of a First World War General, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2011
P. Greenwood, The Second Battle of the Marne 1918, Airlife, Shrewsbury, 1998
J. Grey, The Australian Army: A History, Oxford University Press, South Melbourne, 2006
—A Military History of Australia (3rd edn), Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, 2008
P. Griffith, Battle Tactics of the Western Front: The British Army’s Art of Attack 1916–18, Hale University Press, New Haven, 1994
— (ed), British Fighting Methods in the Great War, Frank Cass, Ilford, 1996
G. Harper, Dark Journey: Three Key New Zealand Battles of the Western Front, HarperCollins, Auckland, 2007
— Johnny Enzed: The New Zealand Soldier in the First World War, Exisle, Auckland, 2015
P. Hart, 1918: A Very British Victory, Phoenix, London, 2008
C. Holbrook, Anzac: The Unauthorised Biography, NewSouth, Sydney, 2014
P. Holmes, A Magnificent Anzac: The Untold Story of Lieutenant Colonel Maurice Wild Neligan, C.M.G., D.S.O. and Bar, D.C.M., Croix de Guerre, M.I.D. (5), self-published, Reedy Creek, 2013
D. M. Horner (ed), The Commanders: Australian Military Leadership in the Twentieth Century, Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1984
R. Hyde, Passport to Hell: The Story of James Douglas Stark, Bomber, Fifth Reinforcement, New Zealand Expeditionary Forces, (1936), Auckland University Press, Auckland, 1986
—Nor the Years Condemn, (1938), University of Otago Press, Dunedin, 1995
J. H. Johnson, 1918: The Unexpected Victory, Cassell, London, 1997
S. Jones, World War 1 Gas Warfare Tactics and Equipment, Osprey, Oxford, 2007
P. Kendall, Bullecourt: Breaching the Hindenburg Line 1917, Spellmount, Gloucestershire, 2010
M. Kitchen, The German Offensives of 1918, Tempus, Stroud, 2001
J. Lack (ed), Anzac Remembered: Selected Writings of K. S. Inglis, The History Department, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 1998
J. Laffin, Australians at War: Western Front 1917–1918 – The Cost of Victory, Time-Life Books, Sydney, 1988
—Digger: The Legend of the Australian Soldier, Sun Books, South Melbourne, 1990
M. Larsson, Shattered Anzacs: Living with the Scars of War, University of NSW Press, Sydney, 2009
J. Lewis-Stempel, Six Weeks: The Short and Gallant Life of the British Officer in the First World War, Weidenfeld & Nicholson, London, 2010
P. H. Liddle (ed), Passchendaele in Perspective: The Third Battle of Ypres, Leo Cooper, London, 1997
A. Macdonald, Passchendaele: The Anatomy of a Tragedy, HarperCollins, Auckland, 2013
S. Marble & P. Strong, Artillery in the Great War, Pen & Sword, Barnsley, 2011
M. Marix Evans, 1918: The Year of Victories, Arcturus, Slough, 2002
D. V. Mastriano, Alvin York: A New Biography of the Hero of the Argonne, University of Kentucky Press, Kentucky, 2014
J. Maynard, The Unseen Anzac: How an Enigmatic Polar Explorer Created Australia’s World War I Photographs, Scribe, Melbourne, 2015
D. McCarthy, Gallipoli to the Somme: The Story of C. E. W. Bean, John Ferguson, Sydney, 1983
M. McKernan, The Australian People and the Great War, Nelson, West Melbourne, 1980
R. McMullin, Pompey Elliot, Scribe, Melbourne, 2002
J. McWilliams & R. J. Steel, Amiens Dawn of Victory, Dundurn Press, Toronto, 2001
G. Mead, The Doughboys: America and the First World War, Allen Lane, London, 2000
M. Middlebrook, 1 July 1916: The First Day on the Somme, Penguin, London, 1984
J. Moore, Morshead, Haldane Publishing, Sydney, 1976
C. Moore-Bick, Playing the Game: The British Junior Officer on the Western Front 1914–18, Helion & Company Ltd, Solihull, 2011
M. S. Neiberg, The Second Battle of the Marne, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 2008
W. Olsen, Gallipoli: The Western Australian Story, University of Western Australia Press, Perth, 2006
A. Palazzo, Defenders of Australia: The Third Australian Division, Army History Unit, Department of Defence, Canberra, 2002
V. Palmer, The Legend of the Nineties, (1954), Melbourne University Press, Kingsgrove, 1966
I. Passingham, The German Offensives of 1918: The Last Desperate Gamble, Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley, 2008
P. A. Pedersen, Monash as Military Commander, Melbourne University Press, Carlton, 1985
—Battleground Europe Hamel: Somme, Barnsley, 2003
—Villers-Bretonneux Somme: Battleground Europe, Pen & Sword, Barnsley, 2004
—The Anzacs: Gallipoli to the Western Front, Penguin Books, Camberwell, 2007
G. Powell, Plumer: The Soldiers’ General, (1990), Pen & Sword Military Classics, Barnsley, 2004
R. Prior & T. Wilson, Command on the Western Front: The Military Career of Sir Henry Rawlinson, Blackwell, Oxford, 1992
C. Pugsley, The ANZAC Experience: New Zealand, Australia and Empire in the First World War, Reed Military, Auckland, 2004
B. Rawling, Surviving Trench Warfare: Technology and the Canadian Corps 1914–1918, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 1992
H. Reynolds, Unnecessary Wars, NewSouth, Sydney, 2016
S. Robbins, British Generalship on the Western Front 1914–18: Defeat into Victory, London, 2005, p. 88
M. Roper, The Secret Battle: Emotional Survival in the Great War, Manchester University Press, Manchester, 2010
J. Ross, The Myth of the Digger: The Australian Soldier in Two World Wars, Hale & Iremonger, Sydney, 1985
P. S. Sadler, The Paladin: A Life of Major-General Sir John Gellibrand, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 2000
A. Saunders, Raiding on the Western Front, Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley, 2012
G. Seal, Inventing Anzac: The Digger and National Mythology, University of Queensland Press, St Lucia, 2004
G. Sheffield, Forgotten Victory, The First World War: Myths and Realities, Headline, London, 2001
—& D. Todman, Command and Control on the Western Front: The British Army’s Experience 1914–18, Spellmount, Staplehurst, 2004
—The Chief: Douglas Haig and the British Army, Aurum, London, 2011
T. Spagnoly, The Anatomy of a Raid: Australia at Celtic Wood 9th October 1917, Leo Cooper, South Yorkshire, 1998
P. Stanley, Men of Mont St Quentin: Between Victory and Death, Scribe, Melbourne, 2009
—Bad Characters: Sex, Crime, Mutiny, Murder and the Australian Imperial Force, Pier 9, Millers Point, 2010
— Digger Smith and Australia’s Great War: Ordinary Name – Extraordinary Stories, Pier 9, Millers Point, 2011
— Die in Battle, Do Not Despair – The Indians on Gallipoli, 1915, Helion, Solihull, 2015
N. Steel & P. Hart, Passchendaele: The Sacrificial Ground, Cassell, London, 2000
D. Stevenson, With Our Backs to the Wall: Victory and Defeat in 1918, Allen Lane, London, 2011
R. Stevenson, To Win the Battle: The 1st Australian Division in the Great War, 1914–1918, Cambridge University Press, Melbourne, 2013
H. Stewart, The New Zealand Division 1916–1919: A Popular History Based on Official Records, Whitcombe and Tombs, Auckland, 1921
C. Stockings, Zombie Myths of Australian Military History, NewSouth, Sydney, 2010
E. Swinton (ed), Twenty Years After: The Battlefields of 1914–18 Then and Now, Vol. I, George Newness Ltd, London, 1938
J. Terraine, To Win a War: 1918 The Year of Victory, (1978), Cassell & Co., London, 2008
A. Thompson, Anzac Memories Living with the Legend, Monash University Publishing, Melbourne, 2013
J. Toland, No Man’s Land: The Story of 1918, Methuen Paperbooks Ltd, London, 1982
J. Tolerton (ed), An Awfully Big Adventure: New Zealand World War One Veterans Tell Their Stories, Penguin Books, Auckland, 2013
H. Tooley, The Western Front: Battle Ground and Home Front in the First World War, Palgrave Macmillan, Hampshire, 2003
R. Travers, Diggers in France: Australian Soldiers on the Western Front, ABC Books, Sydney, 2008
T. Travers, How the War Was Won: Command and Technology on the Western Front, 1917–1918, (1992), Pen & Sword Military, Barnsley, 2005
I. Turner (compiler), The Australian Dream, Sun Books, Melbourne, 1968
D. Van Every, The A.E.F. in Battle, D. Appleton and Co, New York, 1923
R. Ward, The Australian Legend, (1958), Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1966
D. Watson, The Bush: Travels in the Heart of Australia, Penguin Australia, Melbourne, 2015
G. Wilson, Bully Beef & Balderdash: Some Myths of the AIF Examined and Debunked, Newport, 2012
T. Winton, Island Home: A Landscape Memoir, Penguin Australia, Melbourne, 2015
D. M. Wright (compiler), Poetical Works of Henry Lawson, Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 1974
M. Wright, Western Front: The New Zealand Division in the First World War, Reed Publishing, Auckland 2005
—Shattered Glory: The New Zealand Experience at Gallipoli and the Western Front, Penguin, Rosedale, 2010
M. A. Yockelson, Borrowed Soldiers: Americans Under British Command, 1918, University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, 2008
C. A. Young, Platoon Commander’s Notebook: Lieutenant Robert Cowey and His Men at Gallipoli and Beyond, C. A. Young, Strathpine, 2007
D. T. Zabecki, The German Offensives: A Case Study in the Operational Level of War, Routledge, Abingdon, 2006
The W. A. Digger Book, issued by the Returned Sailors’ and Soldiers’ Imperial League (W. A. Branch), Perth, 1929
JOURNALS AND ARTICLES IN JOURNALS
Returned Services League of Australia, Victorian Branch, Mufti: Appointed Official Organ of R. S. S. I. L. A. (Victorian Branch) 1934–1957
Returned Services League of Australia, Queensland Branch, The Queensland Digger: The Official Organ of the Queensland Branch R. S. S. I. L. A., (later Vigilance), 1926–1962
Returned Services League of Australia, New South Wales Branch, Reveille: Official Journal of the NSW Branch R. S. S. I. L. A., 1930–1945
Returned Services League of Australia, ACT Branch, Stand-To: Journal of the Australian Capital Territory Branch R. S. S. A. I. L. A., 1950–1965
The Fighting Ninth: Official Journal of the 9th Battalion A.I.F. Association, Dec 1958 – Nov 1966
E. G. H. Bingham, ‘The Australian Soldier’, The Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, Vol. XLV, October 1901, No. 284, pp. 1163–1182
B. Clissold, ‘… that six-man patrol’, Sabretache, Vol. XXXI, April/June 1990
G. Davison, ‘Rethinking the Australian Legend’, Australian Historical Studies, 2012, Routledge, Vol. 43, pp. 429–451
M. Molkentin, ‘“Like cats in the night”: aggressive patrolling by the Australians on the Western Front in 1918 created a decisive edge against the Germans’, Wartime: Official Magazine of the Australian War Memorial, Issue 43
A. M. Ross, ‘Australian Patrol Operations, Strazeele, July, 1918’. The Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, 67: 468, pp. 652–659
N. Wise, ‘“In military parlance I suppose we were mutineers”: Industrial relations in the Australian Imperial Force during World War 1, Labour History, no. 101, November 2011, pp. 161–176
— ‘The Myth of Classlessness in the Australian Imperial Force’, Australian Historical Studies, 43, 2012, pp. 287–302
THESES
W. Gammage, The Genesis of the Anzac Ethos: Australian Infantry in France and Belgium During the Great War; and Some Attitudes and Values Relating to the Military Experience of the First A.I.F., Honours thesis, The Australian National University, Department of History, 1965
R. C. Stevenson, The Anatomy of a Division: The 1st Australian Division in the Great War, 1914–1919, thesis submitted for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of New South Wales, 2010
W. Westerman, Soldiers and Gentlemen: Australian Battalion Commanders in the Great War 1914–1918, thesis submitted for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of New South Wales, 2014
PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS AND CORRESPONDENCE
Pamela Gould & Pat Newson regarding Walter Ernest Brown
Ian & Mary Butler, Mark Nave & Robin Percy regarding Colin Hope Butler
Ian Sharman & Elaine Soane regarding Neil Scott Maddox
Marj Gostelow regarding Noel Stuart Murray
Dalton Frederick Neville regarding Dalton Thomas Walker Neville
Julie Campbell regarding Robert Ernest Taylor
FIELDWORK
Archival research at IWM, London and National Archive, Kew: May 2012 and Hazebrouck and Somme battlefields: May–June 2012
ONLINE SOURCES
Australian Dictionary of Biography: http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/
Australian War Memorial: http://www.awm.gov.au
Canadian Expeditionary Force: http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/military-heritage/first-world-war/personnel-records/Pages/search.aspx
Citations for gallantry in the London Gazette and the Edinburgh Gazette, 1914–1920: https://www.thegazette.co.uk
Commonwealth War Graves Commission: http://www.cwgc.org
National Archives, Australia: http://www.naa.gov.au
New Zealand Expeditionary Force: http://archives.govt.nz/
FILM
R. Dennison (director), Mutiny on the Western Front, Orana Films, 1979