Glossary of Sanskrit Terms

Aasha...hope

Abhinivesa...fear of death/change

Adho Mukha Svanasana ...Downward Facing Dog Pose

Ahamkara...ego

Ahimsa...non-violence

Ajna...command wheel; sixth or third eye chakra

Alasya...laziness

Anahata...wheel of the unstruck sound; fourth or heart chakra

Ananta-samapatti...connecting to the infinite

Anitya bhavana...passage describing all things as transitory

Anjali mudra...Prayer Seal

Aparigraha...non-attachment

Ardha Chandrasana...Half Moon Pose

Ardha Matsyendrasana ...Partial Seated Twist

Ardha Padamasana...Half Lotus Pose

Asana...physical posture or pose in yoga

Ashvini mudra...Horse Seal in which the sphincter muscles are contracted

Ashwa Sanchalanasana...Lunge Pose

Asmita...egoism

Asteya...non-stealing

Avidya...spiritual ignorance

Ayurveda...an ancient Indian system of holistic medicine

Balasana...Child’s Pose

Bandhas...physical locks of energy in the body

Bhagavad Gita...foundational spiritual text of yoga

Bhava...attitude or state of mind

Bhavana...emotional transformation

Bhaya...fear

Bhujangasana ...Cobra Pose

Brahman...unified energetic field

Bramacharya...moderation

Cakrasana ...Wheel Pose

Cakrasana III...Backbend

Chakras...energy centers

Chandra Namaskara...Moon Salutations

Chin mudra...gesture of consciousness, palms
face up

Chinta...worry

Citta...consciousness

Daya...kindness

Desha...single focus

Dhairya...courage

Dhanurvakrasana ...Bow Pose

Dharana...concentration

Dharma...duty

Dhyana...meditation

Dukha...sadness, suffering

Dvesa...aversion

Eka Pada Kapotasana...Pigeon Pose

Ekapadasana...One Foot Pose

Garudasana ...Eagle Pose

Gomukhasana ...Cow Pose

Guna...quality of existence

Guru...teacher

Halasana ...Plough Pose

Hastapadangustasana ...Toe-Finger Pose

Hastapadasana ...Standing Forward Bend

Hatha Yoga...path of yoga by which self-realization occurs via the body

Hatha Yoga Pradipika...ancient Hindu yoga pose practice book

Ida...the left energetic channel

Ishvara aisvarya...mastery

Ishvara pranidhana...surrender

Jalandhara bandha...Throat Lock

Janu-Sirshasana ...Head to Knee

Jihva bandha...Tongue Lock

Jnana...knowledge

Jnana mudra...gesture of knowledge, palms face down

Kapha...earth

Karma...action or notion that every action brings about a reaction

Karma Yoga...path of yoga by which self-realization occurs through work/selfless service

Klesa...affliction or hindrance of the mind

Konasana I...Angle Pose

Konasana III...Windmill Pose

Kosha...sheath or layer

Krodha...anger

Kumbhaka...breath retention

Kundalini...serpent power or latent force at the base of the spine

Maha bandha...Great Lock

Makarasana ...Crocodile Pose

Mandukasana...Frog Pose

Manipura...wheel of the jeweled city; third or solar plexus chakra

Marjariasana...Cat Pose

Marmasthanani...sixteen concentration points in the body

Matsyasana...Fish

Matsyendrasana...Supine Twist

Mauna...silence

Maya...external world

Mayurasana...Peacock Pose

Mudra...physical seal created by the body to enhance energy flow

Mula bandha...Root Lock

Muladhara...root prop wheel; first or root chakra

Nadi...energy channel

Nadi shodhanam...channel purification

Natarajasana ...Great Dancer Pose

Navasana ...Boat Pose

Niyama...observance

Om...primordial sound of the universe; universal creation

Pada Prasar Paschimottanasana...Seated Straddle Forward Bend Pose

Padahastasana...Standing Forward Bend Pose

Padmasana ...Lotus Pose

Parsvottanasana...Reverse Prayer Pose

Parvatasana...Seated Mountain Pose

Pascimottanasana...Seated Forward Bend Pose

Pingala...the right energetic channel

Pitta...fire

Poorna Titali Asana...Butterfly Pose

Prajna...wisdom, realized knowledge

Prakriti...Nature, the physical world

Prana...bio-energy or life force

Pranayama...breath control

Pratipaksa bhavana...practice the opposite intention

Pratyahara...sensory mastery

Puraka...prolonged inhale

Purusha...Consciousness; transcendental Self

Purvaja...archetype

Raga...attachment

Rajas...active, energetic, hyper, obsessive

Recaka...prolonged exhale

Sadhana...remembrance, daily practice

Sahasrara...thousand-spoked wheel; seventh or crown chakra

Samadhi...union, enlightenment

Samkalpa...intention

Santolanasana...Plank Pose

Santosha...contentment

Sarvangasana...Shoulder Stand Pose

Sattva...balanced, pure, calm, clear, focused

Satya...truthfulness

Saucha...purity

Shakti...creative energy

Shalabasana...Locust Pose

Shavasana ...Corpse Pose

Shishya...disciple

Siddhi...superhuman feat

Simhasana...Lion Pose

Sirshasana...Headstand Pose

Sraddha...faith

Sthitaprarthanasana ...Standing Prayer Pose

Stthita Parsvakonasana...Extended Side Angle

Sukha...joy

Sukhasana...Easy Pose

Sunyaka...breath suspension

Supta Matsyendrasana...Supine Twist

Surya Namaskara...Sun Salutation

Sushumna...the central energetic channel

Svadhyaya...study of self or scripture

Svadisthana...own base center; second or sacral chakra

Svarodaya...the science of breath

Taittiriya Upanishad...from food to joy

Talasana III ...Palm Tree Pose

Tamas...inactive, dull, depressed

Tapas...discipline

Trataka...eye exercises

Trikonasana ...Triangle Pose

Uddiyana bandha...Abdominal Lock

Ujjayi...victorious breath, partial closure of the glottis while breathing

Urdhva Muhka Svanasana...Upward Dog Pose

Ustrasana...Camel Pose

Utkatasana...Chair Pose

Utthanasana...Squat Pose

Vata...air

Viaragya...non-attachment

Vinyasa...flow

Viparita karani mudra...Inverted Action Seal (a modified form of Shoulder Stand)

Virabhadrasana I...Warrior I Pose

Virabhadrasana II...Warrior II Pose

Virabhadrasana III ...Warrior III Pose or Line Pose

Vishada...despair

Vishuddha...pure wheel; fifth or throat chakra

Vrikshasana...Tree Pose

Yama...restraint

Yastikasana...Stick Pose

Yoga mudra...Symbol of Yoga Pose; union with Supreme consciousness

Yoganga...independent branch of yoga requiring subtle awareness

Yoni mudra...Womb Seal, five fingertips placed symbolically over senses

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