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Abbotsford House, 205–6, 252
Aberdeen Angus, 238
Afghanistan: common ancestry in, 13–14; Hazara communities, 133; houses in, 40; local knowledge in, 251; military occupation of, 86–7, 89, 93, 131, 219; Turquoise Mountain Trust, 102–3
Agricola (Roman general), 13, 88
Allen, Steve, 136–7
al-Zarqawi, Abu Musab, 76
Amara, Iraq, 44, 46
Angles, Northumbrian, 121, 125, 262
Anthorn, Cumbria, 180, 230
Antonine Wall, 262
Antoninus Pius (Roman Emperor), 88, 263
Arbeia (Roman fort), 43
Arbroath, Declaration of (1324), 185–6
Ardvorlich, 13, 257, 333
Arizona-Mexico border, 192–3
Armstrong, Johnny, 190–1, 222
Armstrong, Neil, 113
Armstrong clan, 190–1, 195, 219, 222
Arnold, Matthew, 141
Athelstan (Saxon king), 126
Auden, W. H., 148
Baird, General Sir David, 274–5
Balliol, John de, 167, 185, 187
Balliol family, 167, 177
Bannockburn, Battle of (1314), 15, 177, 197
Barbour, John, 177–8
bastle houses, 198, 199, 200, 201, 218, 220
Baverstock, Kevin, 304–5, 317
Bede, ‘The Venerable,’ 104, 106, 125
Beijing, China, 18, 20, 37, 109
Belatucadros (Celtic god), 124
Benney, Paul, 280, 312
Beowulf, 235
Berwick-upon-Tweed, 175, 185, 239, 248, 251
Bewcastle, Cumbria, 80, 195–9, 207–17, 220, 249, 250
Beyond Borders (organisation), 257–8
Birley, Andrew, 69–70
Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment), 8, 16, 19, 39, 63–5, 73, 96, 296–7, 304–8, 331
Blackwood Tower, 190
Blair-Imrie of Lunan, Hew, 298, 301, 302
Blencathra (Lake District peak), 151
Blencathra foxhounds, 149
Bloody Bush monument, 227, 228
Boadicea, 78
Bo’ness, Scotland, 259–60, 262
Bonnie Prince Charlie see Charles Edward Stuart
border, English-Scottish, 174–5, 178, 191–4, 197–201, 217, 217–20, 235–6, 250
Border ballads, 190, 191, 205, 206–7, 209–11, 222–3
Border raids, 197–200, 202, 204, 206, 208–9, 217–19
Border Union Agricultural Society, 237
Borderlands/ Borders, 179, 189, 197–201, 239; ‘clearance’ of, 219–21; and Sir Walter Scott, 204–7
Boredale, Cumbria, 130–1
Borrowdale, Cumbria, 156
Boubi, Sidi Omback, 253–4
Bowness, Cumbria, 174, 175, 180
Bragg, Melvyn, 138
Braveheart (film, 1995), 186–7, 264
Breadalbane, 13
Bremenium (Roman fort), 85–6
Bridekirk, Cumbria, 160
British Foreign Office, 19
British-Celtic culture, 74–6
Brittany, France, 24
Broich (Stewart family home), 14–15, 22–6, 72, 124, 308–10, 327–8, 330–1
Bruce see Robert the Bruce
Bryson, Bill, 144
Buchan, John, 206, 261
Burgh by Sands, Cumbria, 185
Burkett, Mary, 156–7
Burma, 18, 32–4, 50
Burns, Robert (‘Rabbie’), 27
Camden, William, 35, 228
Cameron clan, 13–14
Campbell clan, 13, 267, 268
Caratacus (British chieftain), 78
Carey, John, 211, 218
Carham, Battle of (1016), 262
Carlisle, 60, 100–1, 126, 158, 174–5, 200
Carlyle, Thomas, 110
Carvetii (Iron Age tribe), 95, 98, 213
Castlerigg stone circle, 153
Castlesteads (Roman fort), 79
cattle-raiding, 81, 190, 198–9
Cauldshiels loch, 252
Cerialis, Flavius, 71, 75
Chapelcross nuclear power station, 229–30
Chariots of Fire (film, 1981), 31
Charles Edward Stuart, ‘Bonnie Prince Charlie’, 12, 15, 27, 35, 140
Charnock, Colin, 208, 210, 215–16
Chesters (Roman fort), 51, 52
Cheviot Border, 232
Cheviot Hills, 234
Chichester, 145
children, in Roman Britain, 65–6
China, 34–7, 67, 99–100
Chinese Cultural Revolution, 18
Chinese language, 98–100
Cistercian monks, 162–4, 167–8
clans, Scottish, 10, 13–14, 96, 267–9
Clifford, Lady Anne, 157
coal mines, 160–1
Cocidius (British-Celtic god), 95, 97–8, 212, 213
Cockermouth Mountain Rescue, 154, 156
Cold War, 41
Coldstream, Scotland, 242, 243, 245, 246
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 141
Colvin, Marie, 257
Comrie, Perthshire, 12
Cooper, Julian, 158–61
Corbridge, Northumberland, 95
Creagan an Lochain, 13
Crieff, Perthshire, 9, 12, 275, 285–93
Crieff Highland Games, 9
Culloden, Battle of (1745), 6
Cumbria: claimed by the Scottish, 175; common land in, 121–2; kingdom of, 126, 147, 157 see also Rheged (Cumbric kingdom)
Cumbric language, 124–8, 132, 149, 154
Curzon, George, 1st Marquess, 274
Dabhol, India, 39
Dacians, 61–5
Dacre, Thomas, 2nd Baron, 243
Dalton, Jim, 149
David, King of Scotland, 147, 175, 185
Dearham, Cumbria, 137, 160–1
Debatable Lands, 188, 189–91, 193, 195
Denholm, Scotland, 110
Dere Street (Roman road), 236
Domesday Book, 158
Douglas clan, 198, 205, 235–6
Druids, 77, 115
Drummond clan, 13, 15, 267–8, 276
Drummond-Moray, Bill, 333
drystone walls, 137
Dublin, Viking kingdom of, 126
Dunmail Raise, Lake District, 157
Durand, Sir Mortimer, 193
earthworks, ancient, 23–5
Edward I, King, 177, 185, 186–7
El Alamein, Battle of, 299-300
Elliot family, 223, 224
English Channel, 178
English language, 125
environmental issues, 134–6, 146–7, 171–3, 176
Eskdale, Cumbria, 113
Ettrick, Scotland, 110, 115
Fletcher Monument, Selkirk, 246
Flodden, Battle of (1513), 242–7
foot and mouth disease, 216, 230
forestry, 228–9, 230–1, 233–5
Forestry Commission, 228, 233–5
Forfarshire, Scotland, 8
Foulshiels, Scotland, 110, 115
fox hunting, 149–50
Fraser, George MacDonald, 197, 225–6, 323
Gaelic, Scottish, 12, 24, 191
Gaelic dialects, 124
Galashiels, 239
Galloway, 266
Gask Ridge, Perthshire, 88
Gauld, Drummond, 225
Gibson, Mel, 186
Gildas, 105–6, 124
Gilnockie Tower, 190–1
Glasgow, 261–2
Glenalmond College, 330
Glenartney, Perthshire, 14
Glenridding, Cumbria, 138, 140
Gododdin (Cumbric poem), 127–8
Graham, Jorie, 257
Graham, Sir James, 113
Graham clan, 113, 190, 191, 195, 210, 268, 273
Grampian Mountains, 10
Gray, Thomas, 120, 141
Great Dodd (Lake District peak), 148
Great North Museum, 44, 47
Great Wall of China, 34, 34–5, 67
Gretna Green, 187
Grisedale, Lake District, 131, 136
‘haaf-netting,’ 175–6
Hadrian (Roman Emperor), 77, 81, 91
Hadrian’s Wall: in the 16th century, 35; described by Gildas, 106–7; engineering and purpose of, 59–60, 80–9, 90–2, 94–5; and the English-Scottish border, 158, 174–5; links to the Roman Empire, 45; Newcastle end of, 38, 40–1; plan of, 84; Roman soldiers stationed on, 48, 61–3; and a Roman vallum, 51; Sir Walter Scott on, 35–6
Halfdan (Danish king), 126
Halliburton (corporation), 44
Harter Fell, Lake District, 130–1
Hayeswater, Lake District, 141
‘head-dyke,’ 121
Heller, Joseph, Catch-22, 92
Helmand, Afghanistan, 86–7
Helvellyn, Lake District, 140–1, 145, 147
Henty, G. A., 102
Hermitage Castle, 225–6
Herodian, 77
Hexham Abbey, 77
High Street (Lake District fell), 130
Highland Clearances, 268
Highland Line, 9, 11, 12, 124, 236
Highlands, geology of, 10–12
Hirsel Estate, 242, 243
HMS Birkenhead (ship), 298
Hogg, James, 205, 207
Holme Cultram Abbey, 162, 167–8, 177
Home, Alexander, 3rd Lord Home, 242–3
Home, Alexander, 14th Earl of, 242
Hong Kong, 19, 66, 109, 317
Housesteads (Roman fort), 69
Howard, Philip, 222, 243–4, 246
Hume, David, 259
Hussein, Saddam, 37, 46
Iban people, Malaysia, 95
Iceland, 132
India, 15, 28, 39, 107–8, 111, 143, 193, 219, 274
Indonesia, 18, 19, 49–50
Innerleithen, Scotland, 259
Iran, 41, 193, 251
Iraq, 44, 46, 89, 93, 103–4, 131–2
Irian Jaya, Indonesia, 24, 133
Iron Age Britain, 74–6, 94–5
Irving, Washington, 204, 252, 254
Irwin, Angus, 333
Isel Hall, Cockermouth, 156
Isle of Harris, 145
Jakarta, Indonesia, 49–50
James I, King (James VI of Scotland), 219
James IV, King of Scotland, 243–5
James V, King of Scotland, 190–1
Jedburgh, 239
Johnson, Lyndon, 90
Johnson, Samuel, 96, 241–2
Joicey, James, 5th Baron, 245–7, 250
kelpy, 252
Kershopefoot, Cumbria, 203, 219
King’s Own Scottish Borderers, 39–40
Kipling, Rudyard, 81
Kirkby Stephen, Cumbria, 133
Kirriemuir, Scotland, 61, 101, 110
Kuala Lumpur, 19
Langholm, Scotland, 113
Lauder, Harry, 32
Leslie-Melville, Roderick, 334
Leyden, John, 115
Liddesdale, Scotland, 197, 199, 225, 227
Liddell, Eric, 31
Livingston, West Lothian, 287–8
Livingstone, David, 31
Loadpot Hill, Lake District, 130
Loch Turret Reservoir, Crieff, 9, 267
Lochmaben stone, 179, 184
Loder, Barbara, 195–6
Longtown, Cumbria, 215
Lord of the Isles, 266
Lowlands, 10, 12, 24–5, 260
Luguvalium, 60
Lyne (River), 195
lynxes, 150
Macaulay, Thomas Babington, 103
MacDiarmid, Hugh, 12, 21, 31–2, 113, 261
MacDonald, Flora, 27
MacGregor clan, 10, 13, 268
Maclaren clan, 10, 13, 14, 268
Maclean, Sir Fitzroy, 60, 272
Maclean of Duart, 272
Malacca, 16, 19, 79, 96
Malayan Colonial Service, 16, 66
Malayan Emergency, 16, 78–9, 90, 93, 97, 101
Malaysia, 18, 66–8, 95–6, 108
Malcolm, Charles, 107–8
Malcolm, James, 107–8
Malcolm, Pulteney, 107–8, 113
Malcolm, Robert, 107
Malcolm, Sir John, 107, 111–13
‘march gate,’ 121
Marches, the, 198 see also Borderlands/ Borders; Wardens of the Marches
march-line, 235
Marcus Aurelius (Roman Emperor), 324
Mauretania (ship), 39, 40
McCosh, Andrew, 333
McGonagall, William, 31
McGruder clan, 14
McLaurin clan, 15
Melrose Abbey, 168, 252
Melville, Henry Dundas, Viscount, 275
Messenger, Mark, 175–6, 178, 179
metissage, 81, 86
‘Middleland,’ 47–8, 60, 118, 121, 124, 155, 157–8, 167–8, 185, 214, 230, 249
Monteath, Alexander, 15, 16
Montrose, Marquess of, 253
Monzie, Perthshire, 10, 12
Motherwell, 261
munitions factories, Scotland, 181–2, 189
Murray, John, 111
Nairn, Tom, 32
National Trust, 135
Naworth Castle, 198, 222
Neolithic monuments, 14, 116, 122, 153, 179, 184, 275, 328
Newcastle, 38–9, 42, 60, 145, 158, 174
Newcastle University, 246
Newcastleton, Scotland, 221–3, 222
Nien Cheng, 61
Norman Conquest, 157–8, 167
Normandy, France, 16, 100, 181, 295–6, 303–8
Norse language, 24, 131–3, 138
Norse raiders (Vikings), 139
Northumbria, 125–6, 131–3, 157, 175, 264
Northumbrian language, 236
nuclear power stations, 229–30
nuclear waste, 179, 230
‘Old North,’ 123, 125
onager (catapult), 85–6
Oram, Richard, 225
Orkneys, 266
Orwell, George, The Road to Wigan Pier, 248
Otterburn, Northumberland, 86, 229, 236
Owen, Robert, 261
Oxford University, 18, 295
Pakistan, 198, 219
Park, Mungo, 115, 124–5, 253–5
Pattinson, Steve, 215–16
peat bogs, 161–2
Peel, John, 149
pele towers, 199, 205, 218
Penang, 18, 78–9, 96
Penrith, Cumbria, 28, 54–5, 133, 138
Percy family, 235
Pevsner, Nikolaus, 214
Picts, 24, 106, 124, 186, 262, 266
Pons Aelius, 60
porridge, 152
Pound, Ezra, 34
Raeburn, Henry, 225
Rand Corporation, 89
Rauray, France, 295, 304–5
‘reivers’ (Border raiders), 198–201, 204, 206–12, 217–19, 223–4, 248, 249, 259
Rheged (Cumbric kingdom), 124–5, 126–7, 149, 154
Richard I, King, 175
Richardson, Johnny, 149–50
ring-garth, 121
Roadhead, Cumbria, 195, 196
Robert the Bruce, 15, 167, 177–8, 185, 186
Robertson, Charlie, 237–9
Rodger, Alan, 263
Roman forts, 39–40, 43, 44, 46, 79, 96–7, 161, 174, 185, 212–14
Roman occupation of Britain, 77–8, 87–9, 103–7
Rose, Colonel David, 14, 267, 274–5, 333
Routledge, Gordon, 183
Routledge family, 195, 200, 208–10, 212, 217, 221
Rowan-Hamilton, Angus, 333
Roxburgh, 238–40, 250
Royal Commission for Ancient and Historical Monuments in Scotland, 250
Royal Scottish Chamber Orchestra, 246
Royal Scottish Country Dance Society, 20
Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, 146
Ruskin, John, 158
Russell, James, 206–7
Sanders of the River (film, 1935), 101
Sark (river), 187, 189
Scotland: referendum (2014), 28, 119; Union of Crowns with England (1604), 219–20, 223
Scott, George, 115, 255
Scott, Sir Walter: on the Battle of Flodden, 243, 244–5; and Border culture, 204–7, 209, 211, 226, 254; on Hadrian’s Wall, 35–6; on Helvellyn, 141; and oral history, 182; portrait by Henry Raeburn, 225; Redgauntlet, 179; on Scottish clans, 267–8; on Scottish National Identity, 252–3; and tartan, 28; on Traquair, 256; and the Yarrow Stone, 115
Scottish dancing, 19–22, 67, 332–4
Scottish education system, 110–11
Scottish national identity, 185–6, 191, 260, 264, 266–9
Scottish National Party, 28
Scottish Royal Commission for Ancient and Historical Monuments, 23
seanachaidhs, 269, 271–2
Segedunum (Roman fort), 39–40
Selgovae tribe, 179
Selkirk, Scotland, 242, 246, 254
Septimus Severus (Roman Emperor), 88
Sfax, Tunisia, 300, 301
Shakespear, Sir Richmond, 15
Shanghai, 18, 20, 61
sheep farming, 134–6, 146–7
Shehadeh, Raja, 257
Sheriffmuir, Battle of, 114
shielings, 13
Sicily, 300–1
Sidney, Sir Philip, 236
Silloth, Cumbria, 161
Smiles, Samuel, 110
Solway Firth, 175–80, 229
South Shields, 42–3
Spadeadam, Cumbria, 229
Stanegarth Hall, Kershopefoot, 203–4
Stephenson, Robert, 113
Steuart-Fothringham, Thomas, 333
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 182, 206
Stewart, Alexander Wolf, 282, 283, 309, 323
Stewart, Annie, 16, 18, 293
Stewart, Brian: ancestry, 7–9, 72–3; books by, 100; career, 15–18, 73, 108–9; death, 317–19; funeral, 326–33; linguistic abilities, 16, 50, 78, 98–100; love of Scottish dancing, 19–22, 67; musical interests, 67–8; portrait commissioned, 278–80, 310–12; and Scottishness, 27–32
Stewart, Fiona, 18, 321, 333
Stewart, George, 296–300, 330
Stewart, Heather, 16, 18
Stewart, Sandy, 333
Stewart, Shoshana, 282
Stewart, Sir John, 13
Stewart family ancestry, 7–9, 13
Stewart Society, 27
Stirling, David, 31
Strathclyde, kingdom of see Cumbria, kingdom of
Strathearn, Perthshire, 114
Stuart, Catherine Maxwell, 256–8
Surrey, Thomas Howard, Earl of, 243, 244
Swan Hunter shipyard, 39
Swettenham, Sir Frank, 66
Swindale, Lake District, 145–7
Tacitus, 91, 262; Agricola (AD 90), 78
tartan, 10, 27–8, 96
Telford, Duncan, 209–11, 221, 222–4
Telford, Thomas, 107, 110, 113
Telford, Trevor, 196–8, 200–1, 207–8, 215, 222
Templer, Gerald, General, 18
Thirlmere, Lake District, 148
Threlkeld, Lake District, 148, 149
Tigris (river), 43, 44, 46
Todhunter, Barry, 148–51
Tootle, Jim, 200
Traquair House, 256–61
Turkey-Iran border, 193
Turner, J. M. W., 141, 158
Turquoise Mountain Trust, 102–3
Tynedale, Northumberland, 228–30, 230
Tyson, Willy, 153–4
Ullswater (lake), 130, 131, 138, 148
Union of Crowns of England and Scotland (1604), 219–20
United Utilities (water company), 146
vallum (ditch), 51, 60
Venicones tribe, 24
Vietnam, 18, 32, 324–6
Vietnam War, 18, 89–90
Vikings, 125–6; and place-names, 131 see also Norse language; Norse raiders (Vikings)
Vindolanda (Roman fort), 69–71, 92, 125
Votadini (Iron Age tribe), 95, 263, 264
Wade, George, General, 35
Wadi Akarit, Battle of, 299, 301
Wallace, William, 185, 186–7
Wardens of the Marches, 198, 217–19
Wedholme Flow, Cumbria, 171
Weir, Eric, 134–6, 138, 140
Westerkirk, Scotland, 107–8, 110, 112
Westmorland, Cumbria, 122, 148
Wigton, Cumbria, 163, 167, 169–70
William the Conqueror, 157–8
William the Lion, King of Scotland, 158
Williams, Sir Ifor, 127
Willoughby, Jane, 333
Wimberly, General, 299, 300
Windscale, Cumbria, 229
Wong Kee, 19
Wooliscroft, David, 79–81, 83
Wordsworth, William, 138, 141, 207, 261
Yarrow, Scottish Borders, 115–16
Yarrow Stone, 115–16
Yarrow valley, 205–7
Yggdrasil (mythical Norse tree), 137, 161