Now that Frances lived at 31 Main Street, when she came home she opened the front gate and stepped through a tiny garden. It was shaped like a postage stamp, with a low fence all around it. It was the last in a line of postage-stamp gardens, one for each of the seven houses in the row.

The front door opened onto a small, formal parlor with flowered wallpaper. Lace curtains framed the room’s one window, which looked out onto the muddy lane that was Main Street.

If Frances went through the parlor (taking care not to knock over one of the potted palms or bang into the piano), she came to the kitchen, which was even smaller than the parlor.

Stairs from the kitchen led down to the cellar. It was bright, for a cellar, with windows looking out to the back garden. A tin bathtub hung on the wall. The cellar door opened to the back garden, where a path led to the privy.

If Frances bounded back up the stairs, she came to the bedrooms: one for Elsie and one for Elsie’s parents.

The top story was an attic, which had been made into another bedroom now that Frances’s family was here.

Still, that made only three bedrooms for two sets of parents and Elsie and Frances. That meant the only place for Frances to sleep was in Elsie’s room.

Elsie’s room was so small that there was hardly space for one bed, let alone two. So Frances and Elsie shared a bed.

It was lucky that Elsie didn’t mind.

Elsie was much older — fifteen going on sixteen, while Frances was only nine. Elsie was a good head taller than Frances, too. Still, she was nice to Frances from the very beginning. Frances was glad, she wrote later, that her first friend in England would be her lighthearted cousin. Elsie had a “wide beaming smile” and beautiful, thick dark hair. She laughed a lot.

Elsie let Frances look at her watercolor paintings, which she kept in an old chocolate box under her bed. Sometimes she even played dolls with Frances.

Elsie’s window looked out over the back garden, which sloped down to a little valley, its treetops bare now in the wintertime. A stream ran through it.

Elsie called it a beck, a Yorkshire word for stream. The beck was frozen now, but Elsie said in summer there was a waterfall.

One day, when Frances and her parents had been in Cottingley for two weeks, Frances’s father packed his things and boarded the train for France. In France, he would be a gunner on the front lines.

Now each week when the newspaper came, it showed rows and rows of photographs of men and boys from Yorkshire who had volunteered to fight, just as Frances’s father had. Next to each name were a few words saying what had happened to each soldier.

Killed.

Wounded.

Missing.

Sometimes the words were shell shock, septic poisoning, or found in German trench.

And every week, there would be a new batch of photographs.

Frances’s mother’s hair began to thin. The doctor said it was from worry. After a while, Frances’s mother lost all her hair and wore a wig.

Soldiers in the War didn’t get paid very much, so Frances’s mother had to find a job. She went to work for Uncle Enoch. He had a tailor’s shop in Bradford, which was a big city bristling with smokestacks from woolen mills.

Now, every workday, Frances’s mother took the trolley to Bradford and came home tired, wearing a wig made out of somebody else’s old dead hair.

Cottingley Village, painted by Elsie the summer she turned 15

That spring when the snow melted and the beck thawed, Frances lay awake at night, staring at the black windowpanes and listening to the terrible roar of the rushing water.

In time, though, the roar faded to a pleasant murmur. Elsie said that when the banks dried out, they could go exploring in the beck.

On a warm, sunny Saturday, Elsie and Frances clattered down the kitchen stairs to the cellar. They opened the cellar door and followed the moss-covered stone path through the back garden. At the garden’s edge, the path dropped steeply down.

All her life, Frances would remember that day, the “running water and the sun shining.” The streambed, with its shallow pools and clear water swirling over dark rock, led up the valley and through the trees with their delicate spring leaves.

And the waterfall! It was just a few steps from where the garden path descended into the valley. There, the stream plunged downward over the rock into a lovely clear pool.

And it was right out Elsie’s back door!

That spring, Frances and Elsie built dams, watched the water rise behind them, then broke the dams with a whoosh. They built tiny boats and floated them across the pools. They caught baby frogs and sailed them on the boats, watching to see whose frog would stay on longer.

From down in the beck, a few upstairs windows, almost hidden by the trees’ new leaves, were all they could see of the world above. The cramped rooms of 31 Main Street, the grown-ups’ comings and goings, and the life of the village seemed far away.

Often they just sat by the stream and talked.

Even though Elsie was taller and older, she seemed to understand what it was like for Frances to be a stranger in a strange place. She knew what it was like to be teased, too.

Both their fathers teased them.

Frances’s father laughed at how she sang and danced when she was little. He criticized the mistakes Frances made in her letters to him.

Elsie’s father teased her that in school — where the bad students sat on one side of the aisle and the good students sat on the other — Elsie was “the best among the worst,” or sometimes “the worst among the best.”

Elsie’s father himself was so smart he could fix any kind of machine, including all the latest motorcars. He could sing wonderfully and play the piano. He loved to read.

Elsie couldn’t sing or play the piano. She was a slow reader, a terrible speller, and was always getting scolded for daydreaming.

In school Elsie had hated every single subject except drawing and painting. So she had quit! She had left the village school when she was thirteen and a half, the youngest age the law allowed. Now that she was fifteen, she worked in Bradford at a boring job. But she still loved to paint.

Frances thought her paintings were wonderful.

So that was Elsie, Frances’s first friend in England. She loved a good laugh, she loved to paint, and she didn’t like being teased.

Those things were the key to everything that happened later.

But neither of them knew that yet.