Glossary

all-sorts drink also known as “dog’s-nose” or “swipes,” made from wringing out the cloths used to wipe the counters in dives and low groggeries

amusers operators who threw snuff or pepper in victims’ eyes; under the pretext of offering help, an accomplice then robbed them

anglers petty thieves who used hooked sticks or fishing lines through mailboxes or open windows to steal property or keys

badger man who, after his woman accomplice had lured a victim to her room for sex, would burst in posing as an irate husband and confront the victim, but then allow himself to be mollified with cash

bag of nails total confusion, like a shaken-up bag of nails

ballum-rancum ball at which all the dancers were criminals or prostitutes

barrel-boarder lowest kind of drunken sot (because they often slept draped over a barrel or on bare wooden boards)

bat streetwalker who worked at night (also known as an owl)

bedizened dressed in gaudy fashion

betting his eyes a punter who watches a game but doesn’t bet

Billingsgate swearing (after the foul language of the porters at London’s Billingsgate fish market)

billy club or bludgeon

blind pig; blind tiger illegal bar concealed behind an innocuous-looking storefront

blink shut your eyes to what is going on around you

boardinghouse the Tombs, or any prison

booster shoplifter

bounce evict with violence

bucket shop worst type of bar; a dive where beer was sold by the bucket

bufe dog

bufe-napper dog thief; rogue

bull cop

bull traps thieves who impersonated cops

bundle woman; girlfriend

bundle thief robber specializing in targeting women

cab brothel

cadet recruiter of prostitutes; pimp

cant thieves’ argot (also known as flash)

cap name; join in or assist with a job

capper confederate, especially one who makes false winning bets at cards to encourage victims to play

cherry young girl

chopped up stolen goods divided into smaller lots and hidden in different places

City College the Tombs

cold pig victim robbed of his clothes; a dead body

cop policeman (from the copper badges worn by the first police under Mayor Fernando Wood)

courtisans shyster lawyers, especially at the Tombs

cramped killed; murdered; hanged

crimps seamen’s boardinghouses, run by corrupt owners who would drug or blackjack their victims and sell them as crewmen to the captains of outward-bound ships

crow sentry

cut up turned out to be

cut up very fat turned out to be very rich

daylights eyes

dip, dipper pickpocket

dog’s-nose see all-sorts

doorman lookout

doubler a punch hard enough to make someone double up

drab disreputable woman; hag

dropper operator; part of a wallet-dropping gang

dustman dead man

earth-bath grave

elbow turn corner; get out of sight

facer brim-full glass; person who blocked pursuers of a criminal

fence receiver of stolen goods

flash, the thieves’ argot (also known as cant)

flat sucker; mark

floorer knockout punch

four-flusher a cheat, a bluffer (from a poker player who lays down four cards of the same suit, keeping his other card of a different suit half-hidden in the hope of persuading the other players that he has a flush)

Friday-face dismal (executions originally took place on Fridays)

gat gun

glim, glimmer eye

goads cappers

goo-goos reformers (derisive contraction of “good government”)

gorilla, guerilla enforcer, gang member

grafter con man; thief

groaners church and funeral thieves

groggery bar; dive

gropers blind men

gun pickpocket; thief (probably derived from the Yiddish gonif)

gun-moll woman pickpocket

hard metal

heeler operator, part of pocketbook gang, who trod on the heels of the victim to draw his attention to the dropped wallet that was the bait in the scam

high tide plenty of money

hog in armor blustering officeholder

hog in togs well-dressed idler

hoist steal by climbing through window

hook pickpocket; thief

hush-stuff bribe paid to a witness to buy silence

Island, the Blackwell’s (now Roosevelt) Island, especially the penitentiary

jammed killed; murdered; hanged

Jersey justice rough justice

jinglers coins

kettle pocket watch

kidsman a Fagin

kiting restless; on Wall Street, wild speculation

knockout drops chloral hydrate, or any drug that rendered the victim unconscious

knucks brass knuckles; pickpockets

lamp eye

layout faro or stuss term; the oilcloth or green baize on which one of each card, ace to king, is pasted; players placed their bets on the card of their choice before the pack was turned over

leather wallet

leg bail absconding while on bail

lighthouse lookout

long large price

low tide nearly broke

lush drink; a drunk

lush-roller, lush-worker thief preying on drunks

mab whore

mack pimp

moll woman

moll-buzzer pickpocket specializing in targeting women

moon month (usually describing imprisonment, e.g., “He’s gone to the Island for a moon”)

mosh eat and leave without paying

mount give false testimony

mounter one who gives false testimony

mugwump do-gooder

my uncle pawnbroker

nailed arrested

nippers tool used by hotel thieves for turning keys from outside

nook-and-corner men thieves lurking in the shadows or obscure hiding places

office nonverbal signal or information

officer one giving nonverbal signals or information

on a/the string sending someone on a fool’s errand; flirting with or luring a sucker

on it easy and dishonest living, e.g., as a prostitute

owl night streetwalker (also known as a bat)

panel-crib place fitted with a sliding panel, false wardrobe, or other concealed opening or door for the robbery of a victim occupied with a prostitute

panel-thief one carrying out robberies in a panel-crib

peached turned police informer; squealed

penny-weighter sneak thief specializing in switching fake gems for real ones

picker-up roper-in, drawer of suckers to gambling dens, saloons, or brothels

piker one who bets very small amounts

pipe fiend opium smoker

poke pocketbook

prospecting looking for a victim or something to steal

rabbit rowdy person

rabbit-sucker young slummer

rag-water drink of all kinds, sometimes literally the wringings from the cloth used to wipe the bar

red gold; a cent

right bower right-hand man, derived from the name for the jack of trumps, the second-highest card in the game of euchre

rocked in a stone cradle born in prison

roped led on; led astray; tricked

roper-in drawer of suckers to gambling dens, saloons, or brothels

rounder one who hangs around stuss games but does not play

running through not allowing a sucker to win even a single bet

sachem Tammany boss (from a Native American term for a wise man or chief)

school gang of thieves

scratch cash; roll of bills not carried in a pocketbook; also, a line drawn in the middle of a boxing ring—anyone not “up to scratch” at the start of a round was ruled to have lost

second-story men men who broke into buildings through second-floor windows; the term could also carry an implication of cowardice: second-story men were too scared to climb higher, and too frightened of a confrontation with a house-owner to break in on the first floor

shady glim dark lantern

shanty black eye

sheeny Jewish thief; low thief

sheriff bouncer

side pocket saloon in out-of-the-way or unexpected place

sifting going through a purse or pocketbook

skin purse

skull head of the house; boss

slap down cash price of admission

slungshot type of blackjack; heavy weight contained in a leather or cloth sling

smoke lies told to conceal the truth

snake sly thief; one who hides in a building to let in his accomplices after dark

spit out free; remove

stalls accomplices who would get in the way of pursuers

stargazers prostitutes (because they spent most of their time on their backs)

start, old start the Tombs

stiff a corpse; but also anything printed

stun cheat

stuss also known as “Jewish faro,” a card game in which cards were dealt from a metal box, faceup, and placed on the “layout,” where the bets had been laid by gamblers betting on which card would be turned over next

swaddler “The End Is Nigh” type of street-corner speaker who drew a crowd so that his pickpocket accomplices could go to work

swipes see all-sorts

take the shine out lower someone’s self-esteem

tooth music enjoying a meal; good food

touch theft; proceeds of theft

trinkets knife and revolver

turf racecourse

up the spout pawned (from the spout or chute through which bulkier items were sent to a different floor of the pawnshop)

vampire blackmailer preying on “respectable” men who patronized prostitutes

Venus curse venereal disease

waxy light-fingered

weeding taking part of money or goods, but leaving enough to avoid arousing suspicion

whipped cheated; beaten

white slave trade prostitution

wind money

wire pickpocket

working the rattler carrying out robberies on streetcars

yegg burglar; safecracker