Index
Page numbers refer to the print edition but are hyperlinked to the appropriate location in the e-book.
Acceptance, 101, 102
Accountability, 20, 220
Adolescent body, 152–53, 155, 159–62, 160; see also Puberty
Adolescent girls, 1, 117
Adolescent literature, 19–20, 130, 140
Affiliation, 134–35; see also Dis-affiliation; Jewish affiliation
Age, see Comics and age
Agency, 145–47
Agenda, 174–75
Airport security, 175–78, 177, 243n10
Alienation, 125, 162; bodies related to, 159–61, 160; connection and, 152; Diana and, 151–52; differences and, 163
Alixopulos, Trevor, 240nn22–23
Amazing Adventures of Kavalier and Clay, The (Chabon), 234n21
Ambiguity: of self, 84, 86; from word-image combinations, 28–29
Ambivalence, 98–99
American Jewish women writers: home and, 93–94, 239n16; journeys for, 93; memories of, 93
Anonymous portraits, 84, 85, 86, 239nn13–14
Antiessentialism, 7–8
Antin, Mary, 221–22, 244n1, 244n3
Antler, Joyce, 7, 102
Anxiety, 59; in Escape from “Special,” 122–26, 123, 127, 128–30, 129, 132, 132–33, 139; in Girl Stories, 146; in Make Me a Woman, 90, 91, 92–93, 106, 239n15
Apology, 95, 96, 100–1
Architecture, 61, 62
Are You My Mother? (Bechdel), 124
Art, 16, 16–17
Art comics, 30
Art photography, 34
Assimilation, 241n16; in “Euro Dirty Laundry,” 55, 55; Jewish bodies and, 59; postassimilation, 3–4, 231n2
Audience: for Escape from “Special,” 117; for Girl Stories, 116–17; for Make Me a Woman, 82; for Spaniel Rage, 72–73, 238nn6–7
Autobiographical comics, 30, 237n12
Aviv, Caryn, 20, 169–70
Barbies, 149–51, 150
Barry, Lynda, 17, 84
Barthes, Roland, 29–30, 236n9
Bat mitzvah: in Israel, 176, 177; in Make Me a Woman, 86–89, 87, 97–98
Bauman, Zygmunt, 17, 69
Bechdel, Alison, 124
Beinart, Peter, 168, 242n2
Bell, Gabrielle, 16, 16–17
Belonging, 128; in Girl Stories, 151, 153–54, 156, 158–59, 161–62; in Make Me a Woman, 99
Benjamin, Walter, 230
“Best We Can Hope For, The” (Weinstein), 11, 12, 234n18; perspective in, 14–15; space in, 13–14
Beyond Ethnicity (Sollors), 44–45
Bias: against Hasidim, 179–80; in Israel, 184–85
Bintel Brief, A: Love and Longing in Old New York (Finck), 21; Cahan in, 223–25, 224, 227–28, 230; dis-affiliation in, 230; dislocation in, 223–25; emotion in, 227, 227; gaps in, 225–26; grandfather in, 225, 226; identity in, 222; Jewish identity in, 222–23, 228, 230; name of, 223; photographs in, 228, 229, 245n7; receptivity in, 227, 227–28; remembering in, 223–27; sources for, 222–23, 245n6; style of, 222–23, 224, 245n4; translation in, 223
Birthright, 174, 183, 185; see also Israel
Blanton, Casey, 169
Bloom, Lisa E., 232n8, 238n22
Bloom, Lynn Z., 72–73
Bodies, 199; alienation related to, 159–61, 160; see also Adolescent body; Jewish bodies
Borden, Sandra, 243n15
Boundaries: “Euro Dirty Laundry” and, 53–54, 56–57; in “Goldie: A Neurotic Woman,” 38, 39, 44
Bourdieu, Pierre, 34
Boyfriend, 151–57, 155, 157; see also Non-Jewish boyfriend
Brauner, David, 241n12
Brodkin, Karen, 52, 231n1
Brooklyn, NY, 179, 243n12
Buenaventura Press, 69, 238n3, 239n15
Bunch (semiautobiographical character), 1, 236n7; interdependent word-image combination about, 28; isolation of, 49, 51; name of, 46–47, 237n16; opposition for, 49, 50–51; past of, 49, 49–50; pride of, 49, 51; reorientation of, 48–49, 49, 61, 62, 63; self-representations of, 26–28, 32–34, 33, 48, 60–61; speculations of, 47, 48–50, 49
“Bunch Her Baby & Grammaw Blabette, The” (Kominsky Crumb): architecture of, 61, 62; Jewish mother stereotype in, 60, 62, 63–64; reorientation in, 61, 62, 63; repetition in, 61, 62
Bunkers, Suzanne, 79
Burstein, Janet Handler, 93
Cahan, Abraham, 224, 227–28, 230; background of, 223; gaps and, 225; history from, 223–25
Call It Sleep (Roth, H.), 6
Camera Lucida (Barthes), 29–30, 236n9
Cardell, Kylie, 238n6
Cartoonists, 234n19; control by, 161; postassimilation of, 3–4, 231n2; time and space for, 10–11, 233n15; women, 15–18, 234n21
Cartoonists of Color Database, 231n4
Cartoons, 234n19
Cassedy, Steven, 245n7
Categorization, 35
Cates, Isaac, 80, 239n9
Chabon, Michael, 234n21
Charmé, Stuart, 8–9, 89–90
Children, 115–16
Children’s literature, 19–20, 130
Chronicling, 75, 76, 77
Chute, Hillary, 4, 10, 18, 25–26, 84
Cixous, Hélène, 9, 233n14
Clementi, Federica, 235n4
Collage, 37
Coloring: in Girl Stories, 145–47; in Israel, 170, 242n5; in Make Me a Woman, 81, 89–90, 92, 239n15
Comics, 4, 90, 234n19; autobiographical, 30, 237n12; isolation of, 17–18; as medium, 3, 30; narrative, 67, 238n1; underground, 237n14
Comics and age, 240n4; children in, 115–16; dis-affiliation in, 120; Jewish identity in, 118, 120; marketing for, 115–16; social power and, 130; transitions in, 117–18; see also Escape from “Special”; Girl Stories
Comics and Sequential Art (Eisner), 234n18
Comics Art (Gravett), 4
Comics collaboration: for “Euro Dirty Laundry,” 53–56, 55, 237n18; of Kominsky Crumb, 26–27, 51–56, 55, 236n6, 237nn18–19; in “Pillowtalk,” 240n23
Communities: in Escape from “Special,” 127, 128, 133–34, 241n11; stereotypes and, 103–4
Community, connection to, 180
Complete Dirty Laundry Comics, The, 26–27, 236n7
Complications, 189, 191–93
Confusion, 94–95, 97–99, 101, 240n17
Connection, 220, 243n13; alienation and, 152; to community, 180; dis-affiliation and, 218; distance and, 218–19; from memories, 223–24, 226–27, 227
Contradictions, 187–91, 189
Control, 57; by cartoonists, 161; of stereotypes, 59–60
Corman, Leela, 245n7
Counternarrative, 157–58
Couser, Thomas G., 237n19
Cover: of Escape from “Special,” 117, 119; of Girl Stories, 117, 118; of Need More Love, 35
Critics, 26
Crumb, Robert, 25, 27, 236n6; Davis, V., and, 240n17; in “Euro Dirty Laundry,” 53–56, 55, 237n18; Honeybunch Kaminski from, 46–47; “Saving Face” by, 51–52
Crumb, Sophie, 53–56, 237n18
Culley, Margo, 72, 78–79
Davis, Gerald, 239n12
Davis, Vanessa, 19, 21; Alixopulos and, 240n23; Crumb, R., and, 240n17; Kominsky Crumb compared to, 67, 238n2; see also Make Me a Woman; Spaniel Rage
Dear World (Cardell), 238n6
Death anniversary (Yahrzeit), 244n21
de Beauvoir, Simone, 68
Defiance, 161
Degeneration, 42, 44
Diachronic diversity, 8
Diana (semifictitious character): alienation and, 151–52; Barbies and, 150, 151; connection to, 154; self-definition and, 158–63, 159, 160
Diaries: complications about, 77; fiction and, 79, 239n9; journals and, 69–70; structure of, 79–80; see also Spaniel Rage
Diary of a Teenage Girl, The (Gloeckner), 161
Diaspora, 20; impotence of, 168; language of, 167
Differences, 2–3; alienation and, 163; in disconnection, 181–82, 182; in Israel, 181–82, 182, 186–88, 191–92; in Jewish American women’s identity, 5; in jobnik!, 204–5, 205, 208; in Make Me a Woman, 95–97, 96, 108–9
Dis-affiliation, 2–3, 20; in A Bintel Brief, 230; in comics and age, 120; connection and, 218; ethics and, 169; in Israel, 190–94; in Make Me a Woman, 106–7
Disconnection, 243n13; difference in, 181–82, 182; isolation as, 180, 182–83; as outsider, 180–81; understanding from, 182, 182–84
Disengagement, 207–8, 209
Dislocation, 223–25
Disorientation, 175–79
Displacement: in Escape from “Special,” 122, 125, 133–35; in jobnik!, 197–200, 202, 204–8, 209, 244n22; self-fashioning and, 160–61
Distance: connection and, 218–19; in Girl Stories, 156, 162–63
Disturbing the Universe (Trites), 130
Divergent Jewish Cultures (Moore and Troen), 107
Doll, 122–24, 123, 241n7
Doubly liminal border case, 231n1
Drawings, 196; sketchbooks for, 78
Drawing style: of Escape from “Special,” 121; in Girl Stories, 146; of jobnik!, 197; of Kominsky Crumb, 26–28, 31–32, 236n8
Drawn Together (Kominsky Crumb and Crumb), 236n6
Dreams, 126, 127, 128
Driscoll, Catherine, 240n4
“Dyspeptic Academic” (Davis, V.), 99–100
Eakin, Paul John, 68, 80
Edits, 71–72
Eisner, Will, 81, 90, 234n18
Emotion: in A Bintel Brief, 227, 227; see also Anxiety
Empowerment, 41, 44–45
Engagement, 207–8, 209; in Israel, 182, 182–84, 188–90, 189; with Kominsky Crumb, 235n4
Epistemology of the Closet (Sedgwick), 164
Escape from “Special” (Lasko-Gross), 19–20, 241n6; anxiety in, 122–26, 123, 127, 128–30, 129, 132, 132–33, 139; audience for, 117; communities in, 127, 128, 133–34, 241n11; cover of, 117, 119; displacement in, 122, 125, 133–35; doll in, 122–24, 123, 241n7; drawing style of, 121; fear in, 126, 127, 128; “The First Mindfuck” in, 131–33, 132; gap in, 121–22; Girl Stories compared to, 140–41, 148; introspection in, 128–30, 129, 139; isolation in, 131–35, 136, 137–38, 139; Jewish identity in, 134–35, 136, 137–38, 140, 164, 166; “Kidnapped” in, 125–26, 127, 128–30, 129; memories in, 126, 128–29, 129; mother in, 122, 123, 125–26, 127, 128; rebellion in, 134–35, 137; self-extension in, 122–24; self-representation in, 138, 139; “special” in, 133–34, 137–38; structure of, 120–21, 125–26; subjectivity in, 129–30; symbols in, 135, 136, 137; teddy bear in, 124; transitions in, 124, 130–31; truth in, 126, 128–29, 129
Ethnic heritage, 54–55, 55, 237n20, 238n21
“Euro Dirty Laundry” (Kominsky Crumb, Crumb, R., and Crumb, S.): assimilation in, 55, 55; boundaries and, 53–54, 56–57; comics collaboration for, 53–56, 55, 237n18; ethnic heritage in, 54–55, 55, 237n20, 238n21; stereotypes in, 55, 56–57; styles in, 53–54
Excess, 35–37
Expectations: for Jewish women, 46; in Make Me a Woman, 100, 106–7, 109
“Faith in a Tree” (Paley), 14–15
Fantasy, 107–9, 108; see also Bintel Brief, A: Love and Longing in Old New York
Fashion, 239n14
Fear, 126, 127, 128
Fear of Flying (Jong), 6–7
Female Grotesque, The (Russo), 63
Fiction, 79, 239n9
Fierce Ease (Libicki), 215–16, 217, 218
Finck, Liana, 21, 222; see also Bintel Brief, A: Love and Longing in Old New York
“First Mindfuck, The” (Lasko-Gross), 131–33, 132
Fishman, Sylvia Barack, 93
Frank, Anne, 238n4
“Freak,” 147, 148, 151, 160–61
Friedan, Betty, 232n5
Friedman, Susan Stanford, 9, 167, 169
“Gallery of Missing Husbands, The,” 228, 229
Gallop, Jane, 34
Ganzfeld, The, 11, 12, 234n17
Gap, 121–22
Garb, Tamar, 239n11
Gardner, Jared, 48, 235n4
Gender: art and, 16, 16–17; in Girl Stories, 156; Jewish bodies and, 52–53
Genette, Gérard, 71, 238n5
Genres, 15–18
Getz, Philip, 174
Gilman, Sander, 23–24, 162, 232n7, 235n4
Gilroy, Paul, 167
“‘Girl I Was, The’: The Construction of Memory in Fiction by American, Jewish Women” (Fishman), 93
Girl Stories (Weinstein), 19–20, 241n13, 241n16; adolescent body in, 152–53, 155, 159–62, 160; agency in, 145–47; alienation in, 151–52, 159–63, 160; anxiety in, 146; audience for, 116–17; Barbies in, 142, 149–51, 150; belonging in, 151, 153–54, 156, 158–59, 161–62; boyfriend in, 151–57, 155, 157; coloring in, 145–47; counternarrative in, 157–58; cover of, 117, 118; defiance in, 161; Diana in, 150, 151–52, 154, 158–63, 159, 160; distance in, 156, 162–63; drawing style in, 146; Escape from “Special” compared to, 140–41, 148; “freak” in, 147, 148, 151, 160–61; gender in, 156; high school in, 151–63, 155, 157, 159, 160; introduction of, 141–43, 142; Jewish identity in, 140–41, 162–64, 166; kissing in, 154–56, 155; noses in, 159–62, 160; outcasts in, 147, 148; parents in, 143, 163; performativity in, 156–58, 157; physical changes in, 152–53; queerness in, 150–51; quest in, 148–49, 152; school in, 141–43, 142, 146–47; self-portrayal in, 144, 145, 147–48, 148, 160–61; sense of self in, 153–54; sexuality in, 153; structure of, 141, 145; transformation in, 150–51; urgency in, 143–44, 144
Glidden, Sarah, 20, 242n3; see also Israel
Global and the Intimate, The (Pratt and Rosner), 10, 234n16
Gloeckner, Phoebe, 161
“Goldie: A Neurotic Woman” (Kominsky Crumb), 18–19, 37; boundaries in, 38, 39, 44; degeneration in, 42, 44; empowerment in, 41, 44–45; independence in, 44; isolation in, 39, 40–41, 41; Jewish identity in, 44–45; movement in, 41, 44; placement of, 45; profile in, 41, 42–43; puberty in, 39, 40–42; sense of self in, 38, 39, 40; style of, 38; symbols in, 43–44
Gornick, Vivian, 6, 65, 240n18
Grandfather, 225, 226
Graphic Details, 234n21
Graphic diary, see Spaniel Rage
Graphic memoirs, 19, 30; as sequential art, 10; see also Need More Love
Graphic narratives, 10–11, 13–15, 25
Graphic novels, 30
Graphic Women (Chute), 10, 25
Gravett, Paul, 4
Green, Justin, 35, 237n12
Gutters, 90, 121
Handwriting, 71
Haraway, Donna, 9
Harvey, Robert C., 234n19
Hasidim, 176, 243n10; bias against, 179–80; in Brooklyn, NY, 179, 243n12; in Israel, 178–80, 243n11
Hatfield, Charles, 116, 240n3
Hebrew words, 201, 244n21; translations of, 198, 205
Heilbrun, Carolyn, 5
High school, 151–63, 155, 157, 159, 160
Hirsch, Marianne, 231n2
History, 223–25; Jewish Americans in, 232n7
Hoffman, Eva, 221–22
Home, 217; American Jewish women writers and, 93–94, 239n16; in Israel, 178, 183, 186, 220; in Make Me a Woman, 90, 91, 92–95; in Strangers, 219–20; transnationalism of, 169–70, 218
Homeland, 186, 190–92
Homesickness, 95–97, 101, 102, 104–5
Honeybunch Kaminski (fictitious character), 46–47
Howe, Irving, 232n7
How to Understand Israel in Sixty Days or Less; see Israel
Huff, Cynthia A., 79
Hunger, 225–27
Identity, 17; of adolescent girls, 117; affiliation and, 134–35; in A Bintel Brief, 222; in jobnik!, 198–99, 208, 209, 210–11; from memories, 221–22; in “Nose Job,” 1–2; self compared to, 68; spaces related to, 169; travel narratives related to, 184–85; see also Jewish identity
Identity positions, 24–25
Images, 28, 82, 83, 101, 102; in Need More Love, 26–27, 29, 31, 31–35, 33, 36, 37, 236n7; repetition of, 31–32; of Spaniel Rage, 73, 74, 75, 238n8
Immigration, 221–22, 231n3, 244n1
Impotence, 168
Independence, 44
Inner life, 122–23
Insider/outsider, 52, 65, 107
Insider/Outsider, 231n1
Inside Vineyland (Weinstein), 164, 165, 241n14
Interdependent word-image combination, 28
Interethnicity, 59
Interfaces (Smith and Watson), 26
Intermarriage, 241n16
Interviews, 215–16, 217, 218
Intimacy, 110–12, 112
Introduction: of Girl Stories, 141–43, 142; to Make Me a Woman, 81
Introspection, 128–30, 129, 139
Isolation: of Bunch, 49, 51; of comics, 17–18; as disconnection, 180; in Escape from “Special,” 131–35, 136, 137–38, 139; in “Goldie: A Neurotic Woman,” 39, 40–41, 41; in Israel, 180–85, 182
Israel, 215, 242n2; Hasidim in, 178–80, 243n11
Israel (Glidden), 20, 169, 242n3, 242n6; aftermath to, 193–95, 194; agenda in, 174–75; airport security in, 175–78, 177, 243n10; bat mitzvah in, 176, 177; biases in, 184–85; coloring in, 170, 242n5; complications in, 189, 191–93; contradictions in, 187–91, 189; differences in, 181–82, 182, 186–88, 191–92; dis-affiliation in, 190–94; disconnection in, 180–83, 243n13; disorientation in, 175–79; engagement in, 182, 182–84, 188–90, 189; Hasidim and, 176–80, 243nn10–12; home in, 178, 183, 186, 220; homeland of, 186, 190–92; isolation in, 180–85, 182; Jewish identity in, 175–80, 185–90; jobnik! compared to, 195–97, 210; journalism related to, 184–85, 243nn14–15; maps in, 171–72, 173, 174; narratives in, 186–88, 187; propaganda and, 181, 181, 185; research on, 175, 243n9; secularity in, 178–80; self-portrayal in, 181, 181–83, 182; similarities in, 186–88, 190–92; “the situation” in, 181, 181, 185, 188–89, 189; spaces in, 171–72, 173, 174–76, 183; structure of, 170–71, 242n4, 242n7; subjectivity in, 172, 174; time in, 175–76, 183; tribal loyalties in, 192–93; truth in, 176, 178, 181, 188, 190, 192, 194, 215
Israeli men, 103, 107–9, 108
Israelis: North American Jews compared to, 212, 215–16, 218; Palestinians and, 212, 214, 215; see also jobnik! an american girl’s adventures in the israeli army; Towards a Hot Jew: The Israeli Soldier as Fetish Object
Israeli state, 198–200, 244n21
“Is There Still a Jewish Question?” (Willis), 243n16
It Aint Me Babe: Womens Liberation, 237n14
Jagoda, Patrick, 18
JAP, the Yenta, and the Mame in Aline Kominsky Crumb’s Graphic Imagination, The” (Clementi), 235n4
Jervis, Lisa, 162
Jewish affiliation: choice in, 2; dis-affiliation in, 2–3, 20
Jewish Americans: in history, 232n7; immigration of, 2, 21, 231n3; racial middleness of, 52
Jewish American women, 4
Jewish American women’s identity: antiessentialism and, 7–8; differences in, 5; noses and, 232n7; spaces in, 5–10
Jewish bodies, 162, 232n7, 235n4; assimilation and, 59; gender and, 52–53; of Kominsky Crumb, 24, 235n3; stereotypes of, 23, 59, 102–3
Jewish boys, 46
Jewish college students, 242n2
Jewish Daily Forward, 223–27, 224, 227; “The Gallery of Missing Husbands” in, 228, 229
Jewish Graphic Novel, The, 234n21
Jewish Identities in American Feminist Art (Bloom, L.), 232n8, 238n22
Jewish identity, 5, 167; in A Bintel Brief, 222–23, 228, 230; in comics and age, 118, 120; disavowals in, 20; in Escape from “Special,” 134–35, 136, 137–38, 164, 166; in Girl Stories, 140–41, 162–64, 166; in “Goldie: A Neurotic Woman,” 44–45; in Israel, 175–80, 185–90; in Make Me a Woman, 86–89, 87, 95–114, 102, 108, 112; in Mess of Everything, A, 138, 140, 241n12; noses and, 232n7; past related to, 21; reconceptualization of, 3, 7–8; in travel narratives, 169–70
Jewish Images in the Comics (Strömberg), 234n21
“Jewish Memoir Goes Pow! Zap! Oy!” (Libicki), 243n17
Jewish men, 24, 46, 105–6; Israeli men, 103, 107–9, 108; see also Non-Jewish men
Jewish mothers, 114
Jewish mother stereotype, 6–7, 113, 232n9; in “The Bunch Her Baby & Grammaw Blabette,” 60, 62, 63–64
Jewish women: as doubly liminal border case, 231n1; expectations for, 46; generalizations about, 57–58; stereotypes of, 57–59, 58, 102; see also American Jewish women writers
Jewish women cartoonists, 234n21; as outsiders, 17–18; sources for, 18
Jews and American Comics, 234n21
Jew’s Body, The (Gilman), 232n7
jobnik! an american girls adventures in the israeli army (Libicki), 244n20; bodies in, 199; difference in, 204–5, 205, 208; disengagement in, 207–8, 209; displacement in, 197–200, 202, 204–8, 209, 244n22; drawing style of, 197; Hebrew words in, 198, 201, 205, 244n21; identity in, 198–99, 208, 209, 210–11; Israel compared to, 195–97, 210; Israeli state in, 198–200, 244n21; mother in, 200, 201; perspective in, 196, 198, 244n18; photographs in, 197; psychological diagnosis in, 202, 203, 204; Rabin and, 199–200, 201, 244n21; romance in, 206, 207, 208; sexuality in, 205–7, 207; structure of, 196–97, 210, 244n19; time and space in, 197–200, 210
jobnik manifesto (Libicki), 195
jobnik series (Libicki), 20, 202, 204
Jong, Erica, 6–7
Journalism: interviews in, 215–16, 217, 218; Israel related to, 184–85, 243nn14–15; Libicki and, 195–96, 211, 243n17, 244n23; visual subjectivity and, 196
Journalism as Practice (Borden), 243n15
Journals, 69–70
Journeys, 93; see also Travel narratives
“Just Think…I could’ve ended up looking like Marlo Thomas instead of Danny! If only I’d had a Nose Job”; see “Nose Job”
Kahlo, Frida, 54–55, 146, 237n20
Kahlo, Guillermo, 237n20
Kazin, Alfred, 6
“Kidnapped” (Lasko-Gross), 125–26, 127, 128–30, 129
Kissing, 154–56, 155
Kochalka, James, 239n9
Kominsky Crumb, Aline, 237n16; background of, 24, 31, 45–46; comics collaboration of, 26–27, 51–56, 55, 236n6, 237nn18–19; critics of, 26; Davis, V., compared to, 67, 238n2; drawing style of, 26–28, 31–32, 236n8; engagement with, 235n4; as insider/outsider, 52, 65; Jewish body of, 24, 235n3; Love that Bunch, 3; marginalization of, 34–35, 236n11; motherhood and, 57, 63–64; names and, 60, 235n1; negativity about, 37–38; “Nose Job,” 1–2, 45, 49, 50–52; perception for, 60; photographs of, 29, 31, 31–32; plastic surgery of, 51–52; real self of, 29, 36, 37; self-control of, 57; self-exploration of, 64; serial related to, 24–25; stereotypes and, 18–19, 23–24; temperament of, 64–66; word-image combination of, 28–29; Yiddishisms from, 23; see also Need More Love
Kushner, Tony, 189–90, 192–93
Ladydrawers Comics Collective, 231n4
Language, 23, 167, 230; Yiddish, 223, 224; see also Hebrew words
Lasko-Gross, Miss, 19–20, 116; Mess of Everything, A, 117, 120–21, 241nn5–6; see also Escape from “Special”
Lejeune, Philippe, 69–71, 79
Lena Finkles Magic Barrel (Ulinich), 231n3
Libicki, Miriam, 20; Fierce Ease by, 215–16, 217, 218; journalism and, 195–96, 211, 243n17, 244n23; Strangers by, 211, 218–20, 244n23, 244n27; see also jobnik! an american girl’s adventures in the israeli army; Towards a Hot Jew: The Israeli Soldier as Fetish Object
Life So Far (Friedan), 232n5
Lightman, Sarah, 234n21
Lipsky, Seth, 223
Lipton, Peggy, 49, 50
Living Autobiographically (Eakin), 68
Living with His Camera (Gallop), 34
Lost in Translation (Hoffman), 221–22
“Love, Marriage and Motherhood” (Kominsky Crumb), 53
Love that Bunch (Kominsky Crumb), 3
Luntz, Frank, 242n2
Madonna, 55, 238n21
Make Me a Woman (Davis, V.), 19, 80; acceptance in, 101, 102; ambivalence in, 98–99; anonymous portraits in, 84, 85, 86, 239nn13–14; anxiety in, 90, 91, 92–93, 106, 239n15; apology in, 95, 96, 100–1; audience for, 82; bat mitzvah in, 86–89, 87, 97–98; belonging in, 99; coloring in, 81, 89–90, 92, 239n15; confusion in, 94–95, 97–99, 101, 240n17; difference in, 95–97, 96, 108–9; dis-affiliation in, 106–7; expectations in, 100, 106–7, 109; fantasy in, 107–9, 108; home in, 90, 91, 92–95; homesickness in, 95–97, 101, 102, 104–5; intimacy in, 110–12, 112; introduction to, 81–82; Israeli men in, 103, 107–9, 108; Jewish affiliation in, 97–99; Jewish identity in, 86–89, 87, 95–114, 102, 108, 112; Jewish men in, 105–6; materialism in, 98; non-Jewish boyfriend in, 109–12, 112, 240nn22–23; non-Jewish men in, 105–6, 109–13, 112, 240nn22–23; opening image in, 82, 83, 101, 102; perspective in, 97, 99–100; positions in, 96, 96–97; questioning in, 100, 110; reorientation in, 88–89, 113; representation in, 88; self-exile in, 101, 102, 104–5; self in, 68–69, 114; stereotypes in, 103–6, 112, 112–13; structure of, 89–90; time in, 92–93, 114
Making the Body Beautiful (Gilman), 235n4
Mann, Barbara E., 239n16
Mappings (Friedman), 167
Maps, 11, 12, 13; in Israel, 171–72, 173, 174
Marginalization, 34–35, 236n11
MariNaomi, 231n4
Marketing, 115–16
Marshall, Elizabeth, 156
Martens, Lorna, 121–22, 241n7
Materialism, 98
Maus series (Spiegelman), 30, 115
McCloud, Scott, 121, 233n15, 234n18; on sequential art, 11, 13, 234n19; on word-image combinations, 27–28
McDaniel, Nicole, 25
McGrath, Charles, 116, 240n3
Medium, 3, 30
“Meet the Band” (Lasko-Gross), 124
Memoir, 17, 80, 156, 243n17; graphic, 10, 19, 30
Memories, 231n2; of American Jewish women writers, 93; of birth, 126, 128; connection from, 223–24, 226–27, 227; in Escape from “Special,” 126, 128–29, 129; hungers from, 225–26; identity from, 221–22; notebook and, 225; in “Taxoplasmosis,” 122–24, 123
Men, see Jewish men; Non-Jewish men
Mess of Everything, A (Lasko-Gross), 117, 120–21, 241nn5–6
MetaMaus (Spiegelman), 233n15
Meyers, Helene, 2
“Miami Makeover: (Almost) Anything for Beauty,” 64
Mitchell, Claudia, 149
Mitchell, W. J. T., 73
“Moo Goo Gaipan” (Kominsky Crumb), 57–59, 58
Moore, Anne Elizabeth, 4
Moore, Deborah Dash, 107
Most, Andrea, 235n4
Motherhood, 57, 63–64
Mothers: challenge of, 21; in Escape from “Special,” 122, 123, 125–26, 127, 128; in jobnik!, 200, 201; see also Jewish mothers
Movement, 41, 44
Naked Ladies! Naked Ladies! Coloring Book (Barry), 84
Names: of A Bintel Brief, 223; of Bunch, 46–47, 237n16; of “Kidnapped,” 126, 127; Kominsky Crumb and, 60, 235n1
Narration, 75
Narrative comics, 67, 238n1
Narratives, 157–58; in Israel, 186–88, 187; see also Graphic narratives; Travel narratives
Need More Love (Kominsky Crumb), 60–61, 62, 236n11; categorization of, 35; collage in, 37; cover of, 35; excess in, 35–37; identity positions in, 24–25; images in, 26–27, 29, 31, 31–35, 33, 36, 37, 236n7; photographs in, 31, 31–36; structure of, 29, 236n7; word-image combination in, 28–29, 35; see also “Bunch Her Baby & Grammaw Blabette, The”; “Euro Dirty Laundry”; “Goldie: A Neurotic Woman”; “Moo Goo Gaipan”; “Nose Job”
Neel, Alice, 82, 239n11
Negativity, 37–38
Noah and the flood, 135, 136, 137
Non-Jewish boyfriend, 109–12, 112, 240nn22–23
Non-Jewish female (shiksa), 235n2
Non-Jewish men, 105–6, 109–13, 112, 240nn22–23
Noomin, Diane, 236n5
North American Jews, 212, 215–16, 218
“Nose Job” (Kominsky Crumb): identity in, 1–2; placement of, 45; positions in, 49, 50–51; rebellion in, 1–2; “Saving Face” and, 51–52; see also Bunch
Noses: in Girl Stories, 159–62, 160; Jewish identity and, 232n7; of Thomas, D., 237n15
Not the Israel My Parents Promised Me (Pekar), 168
Objectivity, 183–84
Objects, 122–24, 241n7
On Photography (Sontag), 29, 236n9
Opening image, 82, 83, 101, 102
Opposition, 49, 50–51
Outcasts, 147, 148
Outsiders: disconnection as, 180–81; Jewish women cartoonists as, 17–18; see also Insider/outsider
Palestinians, 188–89, 189, 195; Israelis and, 212, 214, 215
Paley, Grace, 14–15
Paratext, 71, 238n5
Parents, 143, 163; see also Mothers
Past: of Bunch, 49, 49–50; Jewish identity related to, 21
Pekar, Harvey, 3, 168
Perception, 60
Performativity, 156–58, 157
Persepolis (Satrapi), 156
Perspective, 14–15; in jobnik!, 196, 198, 244n18; in Make Me a Woman, 97, 99–100
Photographs, 233n14, 236n9; in A Bintel Brief, 228, 229, 245n7; in jobnik!, 197; of Kominsky Crumb, 29, 31, 31–32; in Need More Love, 31, 31–36; response to, 29–30
Photography: A Middle-Brow Art (Bourdieu), 34
Physical changes, 152–53
Picture This (Barry), 17
“Pillowtalk” (Davis, V. and Alixopulos), 240n23
Pipher, Mary, 117, 145
Placement, 45; see also Displacement
Plastic surgery, 51–52; see also “Nose Job”
Pollock, Griselda, 11
Portnoy’s Complaint (Roth, P.), 101, 102, 104
Positions, 24–25, 76, 77–78; in Make Me a Woman, 96, 96–97; in “Nose Job,” 49, 50–51
Postassimilation, 3–4, 231n2
Postmemory, 231n2
Pratt, Norma Fain, 10, 234n16, 245n7
Prell, Riv-Ellen, 59, 101–3
“Preparation Information” (Davis, V.), 98–99
Pride, 49, 51
Profile, 41, 42–43
Promised Land, The (Antin), 221–22, 244n1, 244n3
Promise of Memory, The (Martens), 121–22
Propaganda, 181, 181, 185
Psychological diagnosis, 202, 203, 204
Puberty, 39, 40–42
Punch magazine, 234n19
Queerness, 150–51
Quest, 148–49, 152
Quest for Jewish Belief and Identity in the Graphic Novel, The (Tabachnick), 234n21
Questioning, 100, 110
Rabin, Yitzhak, 199–200, 201, 244n21
Racial middleness, 52
Racism, 219, 244n27
Rand, Erica, 150
Reading Autobiography (Smith and Watson), 134–35
Reading Comics (Wolk), 30
Real self, 29, 36, 37
Rebellion: in Escape from “Special,” 134–35, 137; in “Nose Job,” 1–2
“Recalling ‘Home’ from Beneath the Shadow of the Holocaust: American Jewish Women Writers of the New Wave” (Burstein), 93
Receptivity, 227, 227–28
Reid-Walsh, Jacqueline, 149
“Re-Imagining the Jew’s Body” (Most), 235n4
Reinventing Womanhood (Heilbrun), 5
Remembering, 223–27
Reorientation: of Bunch, 48–49, 49, 61, 62, 63; in Make Me a Woman, 88–89, 113
Repetition: in “The Bunch Her Baby & Grammaw Blabette,” 61, 62; of images, 31–32
Representation, 88; see also Self-representations
Research, 175, 243n9
Reviving Ophelia (Pipher), 117, 145
Rich, Adrienne, 8–9, 233n14
Risk-taking self-representation, 4
Robbins, Trina, 237n14
Rogers, Theresa, 156
Roiphe, Anne, 233n11
Rolling Blackouts (Glidden), 243n14
Romance, 154–56; in jobnik!, 206, 207, 208
Ronnen, Meir, 237n20
Rosner, Victoria, 234n16
Roth, Henry, 6
Roth, Philip, 101, 102, 104, 232n9
Rothman, Julia, 78
Royal, Derek Parker, 23
Russian Debutantes Handbook, The (Shteyngart), 231n3
Russo, Mary, 63
Sabbath, 179, 243n12
Sacco, Joe, 184, 196
Said, Edward, 167
Sandler, Adam, 103
Sapel, Dominique, 64
Sartre, Jean-Paul, 89
Satrapi, Marjane, 156
“Saving Face” (Crumb, R. and Kominsky Crumb), 51–52
Schilt, Kristen, 235n3
School, 141–43, 142, 146–47; see also High school
Secularity, 178–80
Sedgwick, Eve Kosofsky, 164
Self, 29, 36, 37; ambiguity of, 84, 86; in Make Me a Woman, 68–69, 114; see also Sense of self
Self-control, 57
Self-definition, 158–63, 159, 160
Self-exile, 101, 102, 104–5
Self-exploration, 64
Self-extension, 122–24
Self-fashioning, 160–61
Self-portrayal: in Girl Stories, 144, 145, 147–48, 148, 160–61; in Israel, 181, 181–83, 182
“Self-Reflexive Graphic Narrative” (McDaniel), 25
Self-representations, 4; of Bunch, 26–28, 32–34, 33, 48, 60–61; in Escape from “Special,” 138, 139
“Self Visualization Activity” (Weinstein), 164, 165
Sendak, Maurice, 115
Senderovich, Sasha, 231n3
Sense of self, 153–54; in “Goldie: A Neurotic Woman,” 38, 39, 40
Serial, 24–25
Sexuality: in Girl Stories, 153; in jobnik!, 205–7, 207
Shiksa (non-Jewish female), 24, 235n2
Shneer, David, 20, 169–70
Shteyngart, Gary, 231n3
Similarities, 186–88, 190–92
“Situation, The,” 181, 181, 185, 188–89, 189
Situation and the Story, The (Gornick), 65
Sketchbooks, 78
Smith, Sidonie, 26, 86, 134–35, 153
Social power, 130
Sollors, Werner, 44–45
Solomon, Alisa, 189–90, 192–93
Sontag, Susan, 29, 236n9
Sources: for A Bintel Brief, 222–23, 245n6; for Jewish women cartoonists, 18
Spaces: in “The Best We Can Hope For,” 13–14; graphic narratives and, 10–11, 13–15; identity related to, 169; in Israel, 171–72, 173, 174–76, 183; in Jewish American women’s identity, 5–10; see also Davis, Vanessa; Time and space
Spaniel Rage (Davis, V.), 19, 68–69, 86, 238n3; audience for, 72–73, 238nn6–7; chronicling in, 75, 76, 77; edits of, 71–72; images of, 73, 74, 75, 238n8; juxtaposition within, 76, 77–78; narration of, 75; structure of, 70–71, 78; unification from, 78–79
“Special,” 133–34, 137–38
Speculations, 47, 48–50, 49
Spiegelman, Art, 30, 90, 115, 233n15, 234n19
Star of David, 43–44
Stereotypes, 3–4, 101; communities and, 103–4; control of, 59–60; in “Euro Dirty Laundry,” 55, 56–57; interethnicity in, 59; of Jewish bodies, 23, 59, 102–3; of Jewish mothers, 6–7, 60, 62, 63–64, 113, 232n9; of Jewish women, 57–59, 58, 102; Kominsky Crumb and, 18–19, 23–24; in Make Me a Woman, 103–6, 112, 112–13
“Stranger in a Strange Land” (Davis, V.), 95–97, 96
Strangers: A Long Distance View of Israel (Libicki), 211, 244n23; connection in, 218–20; home in, 219–20; racism in, 219, 244n27
Strömberg, Fredrik, 234n21
Structure: of diaries, 79–80; of Escape from “Special,” 120–21, 125–26; of Girl Stories, 141, 145; of Israel, 170–71, 242n4, 242n7; of jobnik!, 196–97, 210, 244n19; of Make Me a Woman, 89–90; of Need More Love, 29, 236n7; of Spaniel Rage, 70–71, 78
Styles: of A Bintel Brief, 222–23, 224, 245n4; in “Euro Dirty Laundry,” 53–54; of “Goldie: A Neurotic Woman,” 38; see also Drawing style
Subjectivity, 14–15, 196; in Escape from “Special,” 129–30; in Israel, 172, 174
“Sunny South of France, The” (Kominsky Crumb), 53
Superhero genre, 17–18
Symbols, 233n14; in Escape from “Special,” 135, 136, 137; in “Goldie: A Neurotic Woman,” 43–44
Synchronic diversity, 8, 19
Tabachnick, Stephen E., 234n21
“Talkin’ ‘bout my Generation” (Davis, V.), 240n17
Talking Back (Antler), 102
Tanenbaum, Leora, 239n14
“Taxoplasmosis: My Earliest Memory” (Lasko-Gross), 122–24, 123
Teddy bear, 124
Temperament, 64–66
Thomas, Danny, 46, 237n15
Thomas, Marlo, 46, 47, 237n15
Three Guineas (Woolf), 8, 233n14
Time: in Israel, 175–76, 183; in Make Me a Woman, 92–93, 114
Time and space, 218–19; for cartoonists, 10–11, 233n15; in jobnik!, 197–200, 210
Towards a Hot Jew: The Israeli Soldier as Fetish Object (Libicki), 211–12, 213, 214, 215, 244nn24–25
Traditions, 5, 110–11; Sabbath, 179, 243n12
Transformation, 150–51
Transitions: in comics and age, 117–18; in Escape from “Special,” 124, 130–31
Translations: of Hebrew words, 198, 205; from Yiddish, 223
Transnationalism: of home, 169–70, 218; of womanhood, 8–9
Travel narratives, 20; identity related to, 184–85; Jewish identity in, 169–70; see also Israel; jobnik! an american girl’s adventures in the israeli army
Travel Writing (Blanton), 169
Tribal loyalties, 192–93
Trites, Roberta Seelinger, 130, 140
Troen, S. Ilan, 107
Truth: in Escape from “Special,” 126, 128–29, 129; in Israel, 176, 178, 181, 188, 190, 192, 194, 215
Twisted Sisters 2: Drawing the Line, 236n5
Twisted Sisters: A Collection of Bad Girl Art, 236n5
Ulinich, Anya, 231n3
Unconsciousness, 122, 123, 125
Underground comics, 237n12, 237n14
Understanding: from disconnection, 182, 182–84; objectivity for, 183–84
Understanding Comics (McCloud), 233n15, 234n18
Unification, 78–79
Unterzakhn (Corman), 245n7
Visual subjectivity, 196
Waldman, J. T., 168
Watson, Julia, 26, 86, 134–35
Weinstein, Lauren, 10; “The Best We Can Hope For,” 11, 12, 13–15, 234n18; Inside Vineyland by, 164, 165, 241n14; see also Girl Stories
Willis, Ellen, 243n16
Wimmin’s Comix, 38, 237n14
Wolk, Douglas, 30
Womanhood, 8–9
Women cartoonists, 15–18, 234n21
Women’s autobiographies, 26
Woolf, Virginia, 8, 233n14
Word-image combinations, 35; ambiguity from, 28–29; categories of, 27–28, 236n8
World of Our Fathers (Howe), 232n7
Wrestling with Zion (Kushner and Solomon), 189–90
“Writing Back: Rereading Adolescent Girlhoods Through Women’s Memoir” (Marshall and Rogers), 156
Yahrzeit (death anniversary), 244n21
Yezierska, Anzia, 225–26
Yiddish, 223, 224
Yiddishisms, 23
Yiddishkeit, 234n21
You Dont Mess with the Zohan (film), 103
Zionism, 7, 168