EPIGRAPH
1. Interview with Charles V. Bagli, long-time New York Times real estate reporter, 2017.
PROLOGUE: THE WEDDING
1. For descriptions of the wedding I have relied on interviews with dozens of attendees, cross-checked against a score of contemporaneous and subsequent press reports and accounts in Emily Jane Fox, Born Trump: Inside America’s First Family (New York: HarperCollins, 2018) and Nina Burleigh, Golden Handcuffs: The Secret History of Trump’s Women (New York: Gallery Books, 2018).
2. Daniel Golden, The Price of Admission: How America’s Ruling Class Buys Its Way into Elite Colleges—and Who Gets Left Outside the Gates (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2007).
3. Peter W. Kaplan, introduction to The Kingdom of New York: Knights, Knaves, Billionaires, and Beauties in the City of Big Shots, by The New York Observer (New York: HarperCollins, 2009), 5.
4. “Republican Candidates Debate in Cleveland, Ohio (August 6, 2015),” The American Presidency Project, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/republican-candidates-debate-cleveland-ohio.
INTRODUCTION
1. Ilya Marritz and Andrea Bernstein, “Paul Manafort’s Puzzling New York Real Estate Purchases,” WNYC News, March 28, 2017, https://www.wnyc.org/story/paul-manaforts-puzzling-new-york-real-estate-purchases/.
2. US Bureau of the Census, “Chapter A. Wealth and Income (Series A 1–207),” in Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789–1945 (Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1949), https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/1949/compendia/hist_stats_1789-1945/hist_stats_1789–1945-chA.pdf.
3. Rick Ewig, “The Railroad and the Frontier West,” Organization of American Historians Magazine of History 3, no. 2 (Spring 1998): 9–10, https://academic.oup.com/maghis/article-abstract/3/2/9/1029757?redirectedFrom=fulltext.
4. American Experience, season 30, episode 3, “The Gilded Age,” directed by Sarah Colt, aired February 6, 2018, on PBS, https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/gilded-age/.
5. Esther Crain, The Gilded Age in New York, 1870–1910 (New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, 2016), 69.
6. Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among the Tenements of New York (New York: Scribner, 1890); History.com Editors, “Tenements,” History.com, April 22, 2010, https://www.history.com/topics/immigration/tenements.
7. Thomas Piketty, Capital in the Twenty-First Century (Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2014), 441.
8. Piketty, Capital, 300.
9. Piketty, Capital, 188.
10. Gwenda Blair, The Trumps: Three Generations That Built an Empire (New York: Touchstone Books, 2001), 86.
11. Blair, The Trumps, 97.
12. Blair, The Trumps, 146.
13. Piketty, Capital, 344.
14. The Kushner family with Ellen Robinson Epstein, The Miracle of Life: The Story of Rae and Joseph Kushner (Chevy Chase, MD: E. Epstein, 1998), 95.
15. David Barstow, Susanne Craig, and Russ Buettner, “Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches from His Father,” New York Times, October 2, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html.
16. Wayne Barrett, Trump: The Deals and the Downfall (New York: HarperCollins, 1992), 142–43; Donald J. Trump with Tony Schwartz, The Art of the Deal (New York: Ballantine Books, 2015), 134.
17. Emmanuel Saez, Thomas Piketty, and Gabriel Zucman, “Economic Growth in the United States: A Tale of Two Countries,” Washington Center for Equitable Growth, December 6, 2016, https://equitablegrowth.org/economic-growth-in-the-united-states-a-tale-of-two-countries/.
18. Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, “FinCEN Takes Aim at Real Estate Secrecy in Manhattan and Miami,” news release, January 13, 2016, https://www.fincen.gov/news/news-releases/fincen-takes-aim-real-estate-secrecy-manhattan-and-miami; and Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, “FinCEN Targets Shell Companies Purchasing Luxury Properties in Seven Major Metropolitan Areas,” news release, August 22, 2017, https://www.fincen.gov/news/news-releases/fincen-targets-shell-companies-purchasing-luxury-properties-seven-major.
19. Matthew Stewart, “The 9.9 Percent Is the New American Aristocracy,” The Atlantic, June 2018, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/06/the-birth-of-a-new-american-aristocracy/559130/.
20. Miles Corak, “Income Inequality, Equality of Opportunity, and Intergenerational Mobility,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 27, no. 3 (Summer 2013): 79–102, https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.27.3.79.
21. Jared Kushner, “Executive Branch Personnel, Public Financial Disclosure Report,” OGE Form 278e, (Washington, DC, Office of Government Ethics, 2018 [filed May 15, 2018] and 2019 [filed May 15, 2019]; Ivanka Trump, “Executive Branch Personnel, Public Financial Disclosure Report,” OGE Form 278e (Washington, DC, Office of Government Ethics, 2018 [filed May 15, 2018] and 2019 [filed May 14, 2019].
22. Jim Tankersley, “How the Trump Tax Cut Is Helping to Push the Federal Deficit to $1 Trillion,” New York Times, July 25, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/25/business/trump-corporate-tax-cut-deficit.html.
23. Michelle Ye Hee Lee and Anu Narayanswamy, “Trump Enters the 2020 Election Cycle with a Massive Fundraising Lead Over Democrats,” Washington Post, January 31, 2019, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-reelection-effort-raised-21-million-in-the-fourth-quarter-campaign-says/2019/01/31/6e2a736a-2588-11e9-ad53-824486280311_story.html.
24. Zephyr Teachout, Corruption in America: From Benjamin Franklin’s Snuff Box to Citizens United (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2014), 49.
25. Teachout, Corruption in America, 37.
26. Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward, “FBI Finds Nixon Aides Sabotaged Democrats,” Washington Post, October 10, 1972, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/fbi-finds-nixon-aides-sabotaged-democrats/2012/06/06/gJQAoHIJJV_story.html.
27. Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1 (1976), https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/424/1/#tab-opinion-1951589.
28. Jane Mayer, “Preface to the Anchor Books Edition (2017),” in Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right (New York: Anchor Books, 2017), xix.
29. Jesse Eisinger, The Chickenshit Club: Why the Justice Department Fails to Prosecute Executives (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2017).
30. Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse, “White Collar Prosecutions Fall to Lowest in 20 Years,” TRAC Reports, Syracuse University, May 24, 2018, http://trac.syr.edu/tracreports/crim/514/.
31. Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse, “White-Collar Prosecutions Half Level of 8 Years Ago,” TRAC Reports, Syracuse University, September 25, 2019, https://trac.syr.edu/tracreports/crim/577/.
32. Robert F. McDonnell v. United States, 136 S. Ct. 2355 (2016), https://casetext.com/case/mcdonnell-v-united-states-9.
33. Barrett, Trump, 455.
34. Barstow, Craig, and Buettner, “Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes.”
35. Paul Krugman, “Why We’re in a New Gilded Age,” New York Review of Books, May 8, 2014, https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2014/05/08/thomas-piketty-new-gilded-age/.
1. THE ESCAPE
1. Rae Kushner’s testimonies were recorded by the Holocaust Center at Kean College in 1982 and by the USC Shoah Foundation in 1996; both were part of a movement to capture Holocaust oral histories while the survivors were still alive. For details of life in Novogrudok and in the Naliboki forest, before, during, and after the war, I have also relied on testimonies of Lisa Reibel, Jack Kagan, and Sonya Oshman; as well as records kept by the US Holocaust Memorial Museum and by Yad Vashem, the Israeli Holocaust memorial project. Three books provided important context: Nechama Tec’s Defiance (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), which later became the inspiration for the movie of the same name and was based on scores of interviews with survivors from a camp of Jewish partisans; Shalom Yoran’s The Defiant: A True Story of Jewish Vengeance and Survival (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1996), a personal memoir of his own escape from the Nazis and time in the forest; and The Miracle of Life: The Story of Rae and Joseph Kushner (Chevy Chase, MD: E. Epstein, 1998), a book compiled by Rae’s four children on the occasion of her 75th birthday. Two documentaries, A Partisan Returns: The Legacy of Two Sisters (Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation, 2008), written and directed by Mitch Braff, and The Bielski Brothers (History Channel, 1994), directed by Arun Kumar and written by Kumar and David Herman, supplied additional information about this period.
2. All quotes from Lisa Reibel are from her testimony to Nancy Kislin of the Holocaust Resource Center at Kean College, held by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, December 17, 1987, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn502781.
3. All quotes from Jack Kagan are from his testimony to the Imperial War Museum, held by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, June 29, 1986, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn510829.
4. All quotes from Rae Kushner (except where noted) are from her testimony to Sidney Langer of the Holocaust Resource Center at Kean College, held by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 1982, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn504520.
5. All quotes from Sonya Oshman are from her testimony to Bernard Weinstein of the Holocaust Resource Center at Kean College, held by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, February 17, 1988, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn504779.
6. Kushners, Miracle of Life, 28.
7. Defiance, directed by Edward Zwick (Santa Monica, CA: Bedford Falls Productions, 2008).
8. Tec, Defiance, 270.
9. Kushners, Miracle of Life, 12.
10. Tec, Defiance, 281.
11. Tec, Defiance, 284.
12. Kushners, Miracle of Life, 12–13.
13. Rae Kushner, testimony held by the USC Shoah Foundation, July 25, 1996, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/vha18937.
2. THE AMERICAN DREAM
1. Joseph Kushner died relatively young, and, though a prolific builder, he did not live a public life. For the details of his story, I am relying on Rae Kushner’s testimonies and the Kushner family’s 1998 book, The Miracle of Life: The Story of Rae and Joseph Kushner (Chevy Chase, MD: E. Epstein, 1998), stories of their experience the Kushners passed on; as well as records I obtained that were originally compiled by the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society, which helped the Kushners immigrate and resettle in New York. The books Mark Wischnitzer’s Visas to Freedom: The History of HIAS (Cleveland: World, 1956); Nechama Tec’s Defiance (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), and Edward Zwick’s 2008 movie of the same name based on it; and Shalom Yoran’s memoir of his life in the Polish forest during the war, The Defiant: A True Story of Jewish Vengeance and Survival (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1996), provided additional context, as did the 1994 History Channel documentary The Bielski Brothers and the Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation’s 2008 short film A Partisan Returns: The Legacy of Two Sisters.
2. Kushners, Miracle of Life, 11.
3. Tec, Defiance, 112.
4. Tec, Defiance, 220.
5. Kushners, Miracle of Life, 89.
6. Wischnitzer, Visas to Freedom, 215.
7. Wischnitzer, Visas to Freedom, 218.
8. Kushners, Miracle of Life, 91.
9. Rae Kushner, testimony held by the USC Shoah Foundation, July 25, 1996, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/vha18937.
10. Kushners, Miracle of Life, page 13.
11. HIAS Case File, “Kushnier, Joseph and Raja,” opened March 1949, obtained by author.
12. James Hughes, former dean of the Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, interviewed by author, August 2018.
13. Jared Kushner, interviewed by Jonathan Swan, Axios on HBO, season 2, episode 1, aired June 2, 2019.
14. Kushners, Miracle of Life, 95.
15. Richard Rothstein, The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America (New York: Liveright, 2018), 64–65.
16. Rothstein, Color of Law, 77.
17. The history of Kushner land purchases is based on an examination of deeds, mortages, trusts, and other records from the 1950s through the 1980s from New Jersey’s Union, Middlesex, and Essex Counties, obtained by author.
18. Details of the Wilf family history are from Yad Vashem: https://www.yadvashem.org/museum/holocaust-history-museum/donors/wilf-family.html.
19. Indenture, made January 6, 1958, Middlesex County, Book No. 1506, page 428–32.
20. Kushners, Miracle of Life, 106.
21. Rae Kushner, testimony to Sidney Langer of the Holocaust Research Center at Kean College, held by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 1982, http://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn504520.
3. LAND OF OPPORTUNITY
1. Gwenda Blair, The Trumps: Three Generations That Built an Empire (New York: Touchstone Books, 2001), 73.
2. Blair, The Trumps, 86.
3. Blair, The Trumps, 32.
4. Blair, The Trumps, 49.
5. Blair, The Trumps, 50.
6. Blair, The Trumps, 60.
7. Blair, The Trumps, 93.
8. Blair, The Trumps, 111–14.
9. Blair, The Trumps, 116–17.
10. Wayne Barrett, Trump: The Deals and the Downfall (New York: HarperCollins, 1992), 35.
11. Nina Burleigh, Golden Handcuffs: The Secret History of Trump’s Women (New York: Gallery Books, 2018), 30–31.
12. Brooklyn Daily Star, June 1, 1927.
13. Barrett, Trump, 34.
14. Blair, The Trumps, 128.
15. Michael D’Antonio, The Truth About Trump (New York: St. Martin’s, 2016), 28.
16. Barrett, Trump, 34.
17. Barrett, Trump, 35.
18. Barrett, Trump, 36.
19. Barrett, Trump, 39.
20. Richard Rothstein, The Color of Law: A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America (New York: Liveright, 2018), 65.
21. Barrett, Trump, 42.
22. Thomas Grace testimony, FHA Investigation: Hearings Before the Committee on Banking and Currency, United States Senate, 83rd Congress, Second Session (July 1954), 1162–78, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951d035843371;view=1up;seq=413.
23. Blair, The Trumps, 150.
24. David Barstow, Susanne Craig, and Russ Buettner, “Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father,” New York Times, October 2, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html.
25. “Mass Building Lowering Cost, Builder Finds,” Brookyn Eagle, January 29, 1939.
26. Blair, The Trumps, 184–85.
27. Burleigh, Golden Handcuffs, 36.
28. Burleigh, Golden Handcuffs, 38.
29. Blair, The Trumps, 159.
30. Blair, The Trumps, 224.
31. Barstow, Craig, and Buettner, “Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes.”
32. “Beach Haven Ain’t My Home (aka. ‘Old Man Trump’),” lyrics by Woody Guthrie, music by Johnny Irion (Mount Kisco, NY: Woody Guthrie Publications, Inc. [BMI], 2016; New York: Rte. 8 Music [ASCAP], 2016), https://www.woodyguthrie.org/Lyrics/Beach_Haven_Aint_My_Home.htm.
33. Barstow, Craig, and Buettner, “Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes.”
34. Barstow, Craig, and Buettner, “Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes.”
35. Susanne Craig, interviewed by Ilya Marritz, “Trump and Taxes: The Art of the Dodge,” Trump, Inc., October 24, 2018, https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/trump-inc-trump-taxes-art-dodge.
36. William F. McKenna testimony, FHA Investigation: Hearings Before the Committee on Banking and Currency, United States Senate, 83rd Congress, Second Session (July 1954), 17–18, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951d035843371&view=1up&seq=33.
37. Fred C. Trump testimony, FHA Investigation: Hearings Before the Committee on Banking and Currency, United States Senate, 83rd Congress, Second Session (July 1954), 400, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951d035843371&view=1up&seq=418.
38. Fred C. Trump testimony, FHA Investigation, 402, 420.
39. Barrett, Trump, 56.
40. Barrett, Trump, 67.
41. Barrett, Trump, 70.
42. Barrett, Trump, 86.
43. Barrett, Trump, 87.
44. Donald J. Trump with Tony Schwartz, The Art of the Deal (New York: Ballantine Books, 2015), 95.
45. “McCarthy-Welch Exchange,” American Rhetoric, https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/welch-mccarthy.html.
46. “U.S. Begins Calling Witnesses in Roy Cohn’s Perjury Trial,” New York Times, March 27, 1964; Richard Pearson, “Roy Cohn, Controversial Lawyer and McCarthy Aide, Dies at 59,” Washington Post, August 3, 1986.
47. Trump, The Art of the Deal, 99.
4. THE FALL OF NEW YORK
1. New York City’s Economic Crisis: Hearings Before the Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States, 94th Congress (September and October 1975), https://www.jec.senate.gov/reports/94th%20Congress/Hearings/New%20York%20City%27s%20Economic%20Crisis%20(758).pdf.
2. New York State Department of Labor, “New York City Manufacturing Jobs Since World War II,” fig. in “NYC Manufacturing in Decline,” THIRTEEN, https://www.thirteen.org/uncertainindustry-2007/uncategorized/nyc-manufacturing-in-decline/.
3. Kim Phillips-Fein, Fear City: New York’s Fiscal Crisis and the Rise of Austerity Politics (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2017), 6.
4. Phillips-Fein, Fear City, 74–75.
5. Frank Van Riper, “Ford to City: Drop Dead,” New York Daily News, October 30, 1975, https://www.nydailynews.com/new-york/president-ford-announces-won-bailout-nyc-1975-article-1.2405985.
6. Robert D. McFadden, “Abraham Beame Is Dead at 94; Mayor During 70’s Fiscal Crisis,” New York Times, February 11, 2001, https://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/11/nyregion/abraham-beame-is-dead-at-94-mayor-during-70-s-fiscal-crisis.html?pagewanted=1.
7. Lee Dembart, “Beame Reflects on His Service in City,” New York Times, December 27, 1977, https://www.nytimes.com/1977/12/27/archives/beame-reflects-on-his-service-in-city-stepping-down-after-30-years.html.
8. Jeff Nussbaum, “The Night New York Saved Itself from Bankruptcy,” New Yorker, October 16, 2015, https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/the-night-new-york-saved-itself-from-bankruptcy.
9. Interview with Charles V. Bagli, long time New York Times real estate reporter, by author, December 2018.
10. Wayne Barrett, “Like Father Like Son,” Village Voice, January 15, 1976.
11. US Securities and Exchange Commission, The Financial Collapse of the Penn Central Company: Staff Report of the Securities and Exchange Commission to the Special Subcommittee on Investigations (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1972), https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/files/docs/historical/house/1972house_fincolpenncentral.pdf.
12. Wayne Barrett, Trump: The Deals and the Downfall (New York: HarperCollins, 1992), 93.
13. Barrett, “Like Father.”
14. Barrett, Trump, 117–25.
15. Barrett, Trump, 124.
16. Donald Trump with Tony Schwartz, The Art of the Deal (New York: Ballantine Books, 2015), 134.
17. Alden Whitman, “A Builder Looks Back—and Moves Forward,” New York Times, January 28, 1973, https://www.nytimes.com/1973/01/28/archives/a-builder-looks-backand-moves-forward-builder-looks-back-but-moves.html.
18. William E. Geist, “The Expanding Empire of Donald Trump,” New York Times Magazine, April 8, 1984, https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/08/magazine/the-expanding-empire-of-donald-trump.html.
19. Michael Cohen, testimony before the House Oversight and Reform Committee, 115th Congress (February 27, 2019).
20. Judy Klemesrud, “Donald Trump, Real Estate Promoter, Builds Image as He Buys Buildings,” New York Times, November 1, 1976, https://www.nytimes.com/1976/11/01/archives/donald-trump-real-estate-promoter-builds-image-as-he-buys-buildings.html.
21. Richard Ravitch, interviewed by author, February 2019; Barrett, Trump, 148–51.
22. Barrett, Trump, 132.
23. Ivana Trump, Raising Trump (New York: Gallery Books, 2017), 40–41.
24. Trump, Raising Trump, 50–51.
25. Ivana Trump prenuptial agreement, 1977, the Wayne Barrett Papers, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, the University of Texas at Austin; Barrett, Trump, 137.
26. Barrett, Trump, 137.
27. Frank Lynn, “Beame Finishes Third,” New York Times, September 9, 1977, https://www.nytimes.com/1977/09/09/archives/beame-finishes-third-voter-turnout-is-a-record-in-one-of-citys.html.
28. Barrett, Trump, 146.
29. Barrett, Trump, 153.
30. Barrett, Trump, 130.
31. Charles V. Bagli, “A Trump Empire Built on Inside Connections and $885 Million in Tax Breaks,” New York Times, September 17, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/18/nyregion/donald-trump-tax-breaks-real-estate.html, and additional information supplied to author by the NYC Department of Finance, January 2019.
32. Donald Trump with Charles Leerhsen, Surviving At The Top (New York: Random House, 1990), 38–39; Barrett, Trump, 97, 113–14.
33. Reagan for President, “Official Announcement,” 4President.org, November 13, 1979, http://www.4president.org/speeches/reagan1980announcement.htm.
34. Jeffrey Toobin, “The Dirty Trickster,” The New Yorker, May 23, 2008, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/06/02/the-dirty-trickster.
35. Get Me Roger Stone, directed by Dylan Bank, Daniel DiMauro, and Morgan Pehme (Los Gatos, CA: Netflix, 2017).
36. “NBC Evening News for 1981-04-30,” Vanderbilt Television News Archive, https://tvnews.vanderbilt.edu/programs/516524; Get Me Roger Stone.
37. Roger Stone, interviewed by Wayne Barrett, 2004, Barrett Papers.
38. Toobin, “The Dirty Trickster.”
39. Roy Cohn, interviewed by Stuart Scheftel, Insight, WNYC, December 21, 1982.
40. Ronald Reagan, “Address Before a Joint Session of the Congress on the Program for Economic Recovery,” The American Presidency Project, February 18, 1981, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/address-before-joint-session-the-congress-the-program-for-economic-recovery-0.
41. Steven R. Weisman, “Intentionally or Not, Tax Policy Is a Social Policy,” New York Times, August 2, 1981, https://www.nytimes.com/1981/08/02/weekinreview/intentionally-or-not-tax-policy-is-a-social-policy.html.
42. Edward Cowan, “Reagan’s 3-Year, 25% Cut in Tax Rate, Voted by Wide Margins in the House and Senate,” New York Times, July 30, 1981, https://www.nytimes.com/1981/07/30/business/reagan-s-3-year-25-cut-in-tax-rate-voted-by-wide-margins-in-the-house-and-senate.html.
43. Joseph A. McCartin, “The Strike That Busted Unions,” New York Times, August 2, 2011, https://www.nytimes.com/2011/08/03/opinion/reagan-vs-patco-the-strike-that-busted-unions.html.
44. Emily Bazelon, “Elizabeth Warren Is Completely Serious,” New York Times, June 17, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/17/magazine/elizabeth-warren-president.html.
45. US Bureau of Labor Statistics, “Union Membership Rate 10.5 Percent in 2018, Down from 20.1 Percent in 1983,” The Economics Daily, January 25, 2019, https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2019/union-membership-rate-10-point-5-percent-in-2018-down-from-20-point-1-percent-in-1983.htm.
46. Ronald Reagan, “The President’s News Conference,” The American Presidency Project, August 12, 1986, https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/the-presidents-news-conference-957.
5. THE BUSINESS OF DONALD TRUMP
1. Gerald Levy and Mike Bellinger, State of New York Commission on Government Integrity, memorandum of interview with Donald Trump, January 27, 1988, obtained by author.
2. Donald Trump, interviewed by Tom Brokaw in “A 33-Year Old Donald Trump Talks NYC Real Estate in 1980,” NBC News, posted December 21, 2015, https://www.msnbc.com/documentaries/watch/today-show-1980-with-donald-trump-589527619719.
3. Kenneth C. Crowe, “Long Voyage to Exploitation,” Newsday, January 15, 1984.
4. Joseph Rodonich et al. v. House Wreckers Union Local 95 et al., 82 Civ. 5583 (S.D.N.Y.), trial testimony, November 18–December 2, 1985.
5. Edward I. Koch, Mayor: An Autobiography (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984), 286–87.
6. Donald Trump with Tony Schwartz, The Art of the Deal (New York: Ballantine Books, 2015), 190–92.
7. Tony Gliedman to Ed Koch, memorandum, March 27, 1981, as cited in Koch, Mayor, 287.
8. FBI memorandum, April 27, 1982, obtained under the Freedom of Information Act and first reported by Jason Leopold in “ ‘If You Keep Fucking With Mr. Trump, We Know Where You Live,’ ” BuzzFeed News, May 1, 2017, https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/jasonleopold/if-you-keep-fucking-with-mr-trump-we-know-where-you-live#.cs19XbjNg9.
9. FBI memorandum, April 27, 1982.
10. Edward A. Gargan, “Is the City Building Its Tax Base or Eroding It?,” New York Times, July 26, 1981, https://www.nytimes.com/1981/07/26/weekinreview/is-the-city-building-its-tax-base-or-eroding-it.html.
11. Trump-Equitable v. Gliedman, 87 A.D. 2d 12 (N.Y. App. Div. 1982), May 20, 1982, appellate decision of the Supreme Court of New York, First Department.
12. Trump, Art of the Deal, 191.
13. Gwenda Blair, The Trumps: Three Generations That Built an Empire (New York: Touchstone Books, 2001), 320.
14. Trump-Equitable Fifth Avenue Company v. Gliedman, 62 F (N.Y. 2d 539), July 5, 1984. Court of Appeals of the State of New York.
15. Trump, Art of the Deal, 191.
16. Mike McManus to Dodie Livingston, White House memorandum, October 3, 1983, as annotated by White House staff, obtained by author.
17. Tony Gliedman to Ed Koch, letter of resignation, February 26, 1986, the Wayne Barrett Papers, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, the University of Texas at Austin.
18. Harry Berkowitz, “The Manager Behind the Mogul,” Washington Post, September 23, 1989, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/realestate/1989/09/23/the-manager-behind-the-mogul/56c7cfba-261b-4c4b-a197–557f40ae4b89/.
19. Blair, The Trumps, 325.
20. Blair, The Trumps, 327.
21. Louise Story and Stephanie Saul, “Stream of Foreign Wealth Flows to Elite New York Real Estate,” New York Times, February 7, 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/08/nyregion/stream-of-foreign-wealth-flows-to-time-warner-condos.html.
22. Jerry Capeci, “Frank Perdue Meets the Godfather,” New York, July 25, 1983.
23. Wayne Barrett, Trump: The Deals and the Downfall (New York: HarperCollins, 1992), 193–97.
24. Barrett, Trump, 203.
25. Robert I. Friedman, Red Mafiya: How the Russian Mob Has Invaded America (New York: Berkley, 2002), 213.
26. Donald Trump to Michael Critchley, September 15, 1986, the Wayne Barrett Papers, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, the University of Texas at Austin.
27. John Connolly, “Pal Joey: What Do Donald Trump, Helicopters, the Federal Courts and Cocaine All Have in Common?,” Spy, June 1991.
28. Barrett, Trump, 293.
6. THE GAMBLE
1. For the description of the night of his arrest, I am relying on Barrett’s handwritten notes from that night, as found in the Wayne Barrett Papers, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, the University of Texas at Austin, as well as recollections shared by Barrett prior to his death; the recollections of Timothy O’Brien, who was working with Barrett at the time; and details related in Wayne Barrett, Trump: The Deals and the Downfall (New York: HarperCollins, 1992).
2. Timothy L. O’Brien, TrumpNation: The Art of Being Donald (New York: Grand Central, 2016), 108.
3. O’Brien, TrumpNation, 135.
4. Andrea Bernstein, “A Personal Remembrance of Wayne Barrett,” WNYC News, January 19, 2017, https://www.wnyc.org/story/personal-remembrance-wayne-barrett.
5. Former Trump associate, interview notes by Wayne Barrett, January 1991, the Wayne Barrett Papers, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, the University of Texas at Austin.
6. Michael Checchio, “The Atlantic City Mob: Out of Casinos, In the Money,” Press of Atlantic City, December 19, 1986.
7. Former Trump associate, Barrett interview, January 1991.
8. Wayne Barrett, Trump: The Deals and the Downfall (New York: HarperCollins, 1992), 252.
9. O’Brien, TrumpNation, 117.
10. Robert O’Harrow Jr., “Trump’s Ties to an Informant and FBI Agent Reveal His Mode of Operation,” Washington Post, September 17, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/trumps-ties-to-an-informant-and-fbi-agent-reveal-his-modes-of-operation/2016/09/16/6e65522e-6f9f-11e6–9705–23e51a2f424d_story.html; State of New Jersey, Department of Law and Public Safety, Division of Gaming Enforcement, “Report to the Casino Control Commission,” October 16, 1981.
11. Harry J. Diduck v. Kaszycki & Sons Contractors, Inc. et al., 83 Civ. 6346 S.D.N.Y., July 6, 1990, Daniel Sullivan testimony at trial.
12. Damon T. Taylor, Federal Bureau of Investigation, memorandum, September 22, 1981.
13. State of New Jersey, “Report to the Casino Control Commission,” 96.
14. O’Harrow, “Trump’s Ties to an Informant.”
15. Brendan Byrne, interview notes by Wayne Barrett, January 1991, the Wayne Barrett Papers, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, the University of Texas at Austin.
16. “Prominent Attorney Paddy McGahn Dies,” Press of Atlantic City, August 1, 2000, https://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/prominent-attorney-paddy-mcgahn-dies/article_0718a0c6-16da-11e6-a79c-d7db22b60a3c.html.
17. Franklin Foer, “The Plot Against America,” Atlantic, March 2018, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/03/paul-manafort-american-hustler/550925/.
18. Gwenda Blair, The Trumps: Three Generations That Built an Empire (New York: Touchstone Books, 2001), 533–34.
19. Matt Katz, “Trump, Self-Proclaimed Outsider, Was New Jersey Political Insider,” WNYC News, June 2, 2016, https://www.wnyc.org/story/trump-self-proclaimed-outsider-began-new-jersey-political-insider/.
20. Former New Jersey elected official, interview notes by Wayne Barrett, January 1991, the Wayne Barrett Papers, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, the University of Texas at Austin.
21. David Grandeau, interviewed by author, September 2016.
22. Richard L. Berke, “Prodded by Lobbying Group, G.O.P. Reveals $100,000 Donors,” New York Times, January 24, 1989, https://www.nytimes.com/1989/01/24/us/prodded-by-lobbying-group-gop-reveals-100000-donors.html.
23. Charles V. Bagli, “Despite Recent Controversies, No Reelection Opponent Yet for Morgenthau,” New York Observer, March 13, 1989.
24. State of New Jersey Department of Law and Public Safety, Division of Gaming Enforcement, “Report to the Casino Control Commission,” April 7, 1987.
25. Donald Trump testimony before State of New York Commission on Government Integrity, Hearing on Campaign Finance Practices of Citywide and Statewide Officials, March 14, 1988.
26. Craig Unger, House of Trump, House of Putin: The Untold Story of Donald Trump and the Russian Mafia (New York: Dutton, 2018), 49–51.
27. Ivana Trump, Raising Trump (New York: Gallery Books, 2017), 164.
28. Former Trump associate, Barrett interview, January 1991.
29. Neil Barsky, “Trump, the Bad, Bad Businessman,” New York Times, August 5, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/07/opinion/sunday/trump-the-bad-bad-businessman.html.
30. State of New Jersey Department of Law and Public Safety, Division of Gaming Enforcement, “Preliminary Report on the Financial Condition of the Donald J. Trump Organization Post-Restructuring,” August 13, 1990.
31. Brendan Murphy, “Trump’s Taj Mahal Casino to Enter ‘Consensual’ Bankruptcy,” United Press International, November 16, 1990, https://www.upi.com/Archives/1990/11/17/Trumps-Taj-Mahal-casino-to-enter-consensual-bankruptcy/7010658818000/.
32. Abe Wallach, interviewed by author and Ilya Marritz, January 2018.
33. New Jersey Division of Gaming Enforcement, “Preliminary Report,” August 13, 1990, 58–59.
34. Lisa Belkin, “Donald Trump’s original apprentice, Louise Sunshine, recalls her ‘magical’ years and not-so-happy ending,” Yahoo News, September 24, 2016, https://www.yahoo.com/news/donald-trumps-original-apprentice-louise-sunshine-recalls-her-magical-years-and-the-not-so-happy-ending-090040690.html; Wallach interview, January 2018.
35. David Barstow, Susanne Craig, and Russ Buettner, “Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father,” New York Times, October 2, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html.
36. James Rowley, “Trump Agrees to Pay $750,000 Penalty to Settle Antitrust Lawsuit,” Associated Press, April 5, 1988, https://apnews.com/54ea0dc590fc97d9e9e86c65336649a1.
37. State of New Jersey Department of Law & Public Safety, Division of Gaming Enforcement v. Trump Plaza Associates, No. 89-247 (O.A.L. July 2, 1991), https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-stat/graphics/politics/trump-archive/docs/ccc-order--6-21-1991-fred-trump-fine.pdf; Michael Isikoff, “Trump Challenged Over Ties to Mob-Linked Gambler with Ugly Past,” Yahoo News, March 7, 2016, https://www.yahoo.com/news/trump-challenged-over-ties-to-mob-linked-gambler-100050602.html.
38. “How Donald Trump’s Father Once Bailed Out His Casino,” The Press of Atlantic City, June 6, 1991, https://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/news/how-donald-trump-s-father-once-bailed-out-his-casino/article_934cb836-2c1d-11e6-8a13-173759856fe0.html.
39. Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, “FinCEN Announces Penalty Against Trump Taj Mahal Associates,” news release, January 22, 1998, https://www.fincen.gov/news/news-releases/fincen-announces-penalty-against-trump-taj-mahal-associates.
40. David Grandeau, interviewed by author, September 2016. I have relied for these pages on two thousand pages of documents released by the New York State Temporary Commission on Lobbying in December 2000, including the deposition of Roger Stone and the interrogatory of Donald Trump, billing records, receipts, and other documents following an investigation into unlawful lobbying by Donald Trump and Roger Stone. Parts of the story were first reported by me and my colleague Ilya Marritz in “A Front Group, a Lawsuit and a Private Investigator: How Trump Rigged the System to Delay Gambling in New York,” WNYC News, October 20, 2016.
41. Tom Condon, “Trump Lures Big Money to a Small N.J. Election,” Hartford Courant, July 16, 1998, https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-1998-07-16-9807160226-story.html.
42. J. Curtis Herge, letter to Lawrence M. Noble, “Affidavit of Donald J. Trump,” June 26, 2000, as cited in http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/Trump_Campaign_Finance_Affidavit_2000.pdf.
43. Conciliation agreement between Gormley for Senate Primary Election Fund and the Federal Election Commission, February 22, 2005, https://eqs.fec.gov/eqsdocsMUR/00002DD1.pdf.
7. THE DON OF SUBURBIA
1. Philip Roth, The Plot Against America (New York: Vintage, 2005), 2.
2. Rae Kushner testimony to Sidney Langer of the Holocaust Resource Center at Kean College, held by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn504520.
3. New Jersey land records on file in Union, Middlesex, and Essex Counties, 1950s–1980s, including deeds, mortgages, and trusts, obtained by author.
4. “To Wed Murray Kushner,” Hillside Times, May 16, 1974.
5. Deed, dated February 17, 1981, Essex County, New Jersey, Book no. 410, 172, obtained by author.
6. Matt Katz, American Governor: Chris Christie’s Bridge to Redemption (New York: Threshold Editions, 2016), 20.
7. US Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research, U.S. Housing Market Conditions Historical Data (August 1998), tables 8A–8C, https://www.huduser.gov/periodicals/ushmc/summer98/histdat2.html.
8. Joseph Kushner, will dated October 11, 1982, Essex County, New Jersey, obtained by author.
9. Peter Grant, “Multifamily Affair: Kushner Aims to Be a Big-Time Player,” Wall Street Journal, September 6, 2000, https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB968192153138618934.
10. Rae Kushner, testimony held by the USC Shoah Foundation Institute, July 25, 1996, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/vha18937.
11. Joanne McFadden, “Mountain View Maintains Mendham Tradition,” The Record, June 27, 1993.
12. Ted Sherman, “Real Estate King Talks Softly But Carries a Long List of Friends,” Star Ledger, December 22, 2002.
13. Elise Young and Jeff Pillets, “Sex, Money, Power, Betrayal, and Ruin,” The Record, August 22, 2004 (special reprint section).
14. Calculated by the author with data from OpenSecrets.org.
15. “Remarks by President Bill Clinton at Democratic National Committee Reception Florham Park, New Jersey,” Federal News Service, October 8, 1997.
16. FDIC consent decree, “In the Matter of The NorCrown Trust, Charles Kushner,” FRB Dkt. No. 05-010-B-HC (February 10, 2005).
17. Robert Yontef v. Westminster Management, No. 2:03-cv-00504 (D.N.J. February 4, 2003), complaint.
18. Calculated by the author with data from New Jersey Election Law Enforcement Commission, elec.state.nj.us.
19. Young and Pillets, “Sex, Money, Power, Betrayal, and Ruin.”
20. Grant, “Multifamily Affair.”
21. Daniel Golden, The Price of Admission: How America’s Ruling Class Buys Its Way into Elite Colleges—and Who Gets Left Outside the Gates (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2007), 23–48.
22. United States v. Richard Stadtmauer, 620 F.3d 238 (3d Cir. September 9, 2010).
23. Stadtmauer, 620 F.3d 238.
24. Some of the details from the Fontainebleau seders were first reported by Gabriel Sherman, “The Legacy,” New York, July 10, 2009, http://nymag.com/news/features/57891/.
25. Kushner v. Kushner, No. C00155 (Hudson County Court, January 18, 2002); as reported in Ted Sherman, “The Family: Five Years of Bad Blood,” Star-Ledger, July 14, 2004.
26. Robert Yontef v. Westminster Management, No. 2:03-cv-00504 (D.N.J., February 4, 2003), complaint.
8. ICARUS
1. Elise Young and Jeff Pillets, “Sex, Money, Power, Betrayal, and Ruin,” The Record, August 22, 2004 (special reprint section).
2. Young and Pillets, “Sex, Money, Power, Betrayal, and Ruin.”
3. Daniel Golden, The Price of Admission: How America’s Ruling Class Buys Its Way into Elite Colleges—and Who Gets Left Outside the Gates (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2007), 45.
4. James E. McGreevey, “The Making of a Gay American,” New York, September 14, 2006, http://nymag.com/news/politics/21340/.
5. Robert Yontef v. Westminster Management, No. 2:03-cv-00504 (D.N.J. February 4, 2003), complaint.
6. Kushner v. Kushner, No. C00155 (Hudson County Court, January 18, 2002); as reported in Ted Sherman, “The Family: Five Years of Bad Blood,” Star-Ledger, July 14, 2004.
7. Young and Pillets, “Sex, Money, Power, Betrayal, and Ruin.”
8. Young and Pillets, “Sex, Money, Power, Betrayal, and Ruin.”
9. Federal Election Commission, Matter Under Review #5279: Bill Bradley for President, Inc., complaint, June 8, 2001, https://www.fec.gov/data/legal/matter-under-review/5279/.
10. Federal Election Commission, Matter Under Review #5279: Bill Bradley for President, Inc., first general counsel’s report, May 29, 2002.
11. Westminster Management, No. 2:03-cv-00504, June 25, 2002.
12. Federal Election Commission, “Consolidated Response of Certain Respondents to ‘Reason to Believe,’ ” in Matter Under Review #5279: Bill Bradley for President, Inc., September 23, 2002.
13. Federal Election Commission, “Condolidated Response,” MUR #5279.
14. Federal Election Commission, “Response from Esther Schulder, Jacob Schulder, Jessica Schulder Orbach and Ruth Schulder,” Matter Under Review #5279: Bill Bradley for President, Inc., November 4, 2002.
15. Tom McGeveran, “Port’s Chairman Asks for Recusal on Bus Terminal,” New York Observer, November 4, 2002, https://observer.com/2002/11/ports-chairman-asks-for-recusal-on-bus-terminal/.
16. Tom McGeveran, “G.O.P. Demands New Port Head Decline Post,” New York Observer, January 6, 2003, https://observer.com/2003/01/gop-demands-new-port-head-decline-post/.
17. United States v. Charles Kushner, No. 2:04-cr-00580-JLL (D-N.J., July 12, 2004), criminal complaint.
18. Kushner, No. 2:04-cr-00580-JLL, criminal complaint.
19. Kushner, No. 2:04-cr-00580-JLL, criminal complaint.
20. George E. Jordan, “Kushner Sibling Rivalry Evolves to Legendary Proportions,” Star- Ledger, January 18, 2004.
21. Emily Horton, “The Legacy of the 2001 and 2003 ‘Bush’ Tax Cuts,” Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, October 23, 2017, https://www.cbpp.org/research/federal-tax/the-legacy-of-the-2001-and-2003-bush-tax-cuts.
22. Samara R. Potter and William G. Gale, “The Bush Tax Cut: One Year Later,” Brookings Institution, June 15, 2002, https://www.brookings.edu/research/the-bush-tax-cut-one-year-later/.
23. Rae Kushner, will dated September 26, 1996, Essex County, New Jersey, obtained by author.
24. Kushner, No. 2:04-cr-00580-JLL, criminal complaint.
25. Dafna Zucker, “Public May Get Discount Bank Options If Tender Fails,” Globes, May 5, 2004, https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-793838.
26. Federal Election Commission, “Real Estate Developer to Pay $508,900 Civil Penalty to Federal Election Commission,” news release, June 30, 2004, https://www.fec.gov/updates/real-estate-developer-to-pay-508900-civil-penalty-to-federal-election-commission/.
27. Gabriel Sherman, “The Legacy,” New York, July 10, 2009, http://nymag.com/news/features/57891/.
28. Mike Kelly, “Kushner Proves Rich Not Smarter Than Rest of Us,” The Record, July 14, 2004.
29. Chris Christie, press conference, July 14, 2004.
30. Christie press conference.
31. Chris Christie with Ellis Henican, Let Me Finish: Trump, the Kushners, Bannon, New Jersey, and the Power of In-Your-Face Politics (New York: Hachette, 2019), 251.
32. Ben Brafman, interviewed by author, August 2019.
33. Ben Brafman to author, email, August 2019.
34. Christie, Let Me Finish, 103.
35. Kushner, 2:04-cr-00580-JLL (D-NJ, August 18, 2004), criminal information.
36. “In the matter of the NorCrown Trust, Charles Kushner,” FRB Dkt No. 05-010-B-HC, FDIC-04-224e, and FDIC-04-223k (Februay 2005).
37. “The Closing: Charles Kushner,” interview by Lauren Elkies in The Real Deal, November 4, 2007, https://therealdeal.com/issues_articles/the-closing-charles-kushner/.
38. Rae Kushner from the testimony to Sidney Langer of the Holocaust Resource Center at Kean College, held by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 1982, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn504520.
39. Elkies, “The Closing: Charles Kushner.”
9. “A BRIDGE TO THE FUTURE”
1. “Giuliani Campaign Rally,” C-SPAN, November 2, 1989, https://www.c-span.org/video/?9777-1/giuliani-campaign-rally.
2. Wayne Barrett, “The Case of the Missing Case: How a Trump Probe Died in Rudy’s Office,” Village Voice, October 12, 1993, https://www.villagevoice.com/2018/06/04/rudys-long-history-of-quashing-trump-probes/.
3. Barrett, “The Case of the Missing Case.”
4. Ralph Blumenthal, “Dinkins Proposes Record Expansion of Police Forces,” New York Times, October 3, 1990, https://www.nytimes.com/1990/10/03/nyregion/dinkins-on-crime-dinkins-proposes-record-expansion-of-police-forces.html.
5. Samuel M. Ehrenhalt, “Economic and Demographic Change: The Case of New York City,” Monthly Labor Review 116, no. 2 (February 1993): 40–50, https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/1993/02/art4full.pdf.
6. “H.R. 3450 (103rd): North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act,” November 20, 1993, GovTrack, https://govtrack.us/congress/bills/103/hr3450.
7. “Remarks by President Clinton, President Bush, President Carter, President Ford, and Vice President Gore in Signing of NAFTA Side Agreements,” September 14, 1993, https://clintonwhitehouse6.archives.gov/1993/09/1993-09-14-remarks-by-clinton-and-former-presidents-on-nafta.html.
8. Long Beach Press-Telegram, October 1993, in Andrew Kaczynski, “Donald Trump Spoke Forcefully against NAFTA at a 1993 Business Conference,” BuzzFeed News, February 29, 2016.
9. Bob Liff, “Giuliani Is No Friend of NAFTA,” Newsday, November 9, 1993.
10. Gwen Ifill, “Clinton Vows Fight for His Health Plan,” New York Times, January 26, 1994, https://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/26/us/state-of-the-union-the-overview-clinton-vows-fight-for-his-health-plan.html.
11. Carolyn Skorneck, “Clinton Says He Will Sign Welfare Overhaul; House Passes It,” Associated Press, July 31, 1996, https://www.apnews.com/f11a3d867b896908c6c598e31fb94ff8.
12. Barbara Vobejda, “Clinton Signs Welfare Bill amid Division,” Washington Post, August 23, 1996.
13. “Clinton’s Speech Accepting the Democratic Nomination for President,” New York Times, August 30, 1996.
14. Calculated by the author with data from the New York City Campaign Finance Board.
15. Donald J. Trump to the Honorable Rudolph Giuliani, letter, February 16, 1996, obtained by author; Randy M. Mastro to Donald J. Trump, letter, February 27, 1996, obtained by author.
16. Franz Leichter, news release, The Wayne Barrett Papers, Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin, June 8, 1995.
17. Daniel Bush, “Tortured Project Shows Trump ‘Knows What Buttons to Push,’ ” E&E News, October 5, 2015, https://www.eenews.net/stories/1060025833.
18. Howard Glaser (@hglaser1), “Thread on genesis of @realDonaldTrump animosity to @NYGovCuomo -Cuomo blocked Trump 1990’s attempt to siphon fed $$ for his luxury housing,” Twitter, August 17, 2018, https://twitter.com/hglaser1/status/1030515682612572165 (unavailable as of October 10, 2019).
19. Donald J. Trump with Meredith McIver, Trump: How to Get Rich (New York: Ballantine Books, 2004), 141–42.
20. Elizabeth Kolbert, “Metro Matters; Liberal Party Has One Ideal: Its Survival,” New York Times, May 14, 1998, https://www.nytimes.com/1998/05/14/nyregion/metro-matters-liberal-party-has-one-ideal-its-survival.html.
21. Wayne Barrett, “Peas in a Pod: The Long and Twisted Relationship between Donald Trump and Rudy Giuliani,” New York Daily News, September 4, 2016, https://www.nydailynews.com/opinion/wayne-barrett-donald-trump-rudy-giuliani-peas-pod-article-1.2776357.
22. Charles V. Bagli, “A Trump Empire Built on Inside Connections and $885 Million in Tax Breaks,” New York Times, September 17, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/18/nyregion/donald-trump-tax-breaks-real-estate.html?_r=0.
23. Angela Mosconi, “Trump Patriarch Eulogized as Great Builder,” New York Post, June 30, 1999, https://nypost.com/1999/06/30/trump-patriarch-eulogized-as-great-builder/.
24. David Barstow, Susanne Craig, and Russ Buettner, “Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father,” New York Times, October 2, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html.
25. Heidi Evans, “Inside Trumps’ Bitter Battle: Nephew’s Ailing Baby Caught in the Middle,” New York Daily News, December 19, 2000, https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/trumps-bitter-battle-nephew-ailing-baby-caught-middle-article-1.888562.
26. New York State Department of Labor, “Local Area Unemployment Statistics Program: New York State, Labor Market Regions, Metropolitan Areas, Counties, and Municipalities of at Least 25,000 Population,” https://labor.ny.gov/stats/laus.asp.
27. Calculated by the author with data from NYU Furman Center, January 2019.
28. “A Brief History of the Glass-Steagall Act,” Dēmos, https://www.demos.org/sites/default/files/publications/glass-steagall-history_Demos.pdf; Arthur E. Wilmarth Jr., “The Road to Repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act,” Wake Forest Journal of Business and Intellectual Property Law 17, no. 4 (Summer 2017): 441–548, https://scholarship.law.gwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2556&context=faculty_publications.
29. “Statement by President Bill Clinton at the Signing of the Financial Modernization Bill,” November 12, 1999, U.S. Department of the Treasury Press Center, https://www.treasury.gov/press-center/press-releases/Pages/ls241.aspx.
30. “Financial Services Bill Signing,” C-SPAN, November 12, 1999, https://www.c-span.org/video/?153587-1/financial-services-bill-signing.
31. Hillary Clinton US Senate bid announcement, State University of New York, Purchase, February 6, 2000, taped by author.
32. Dan Barry and Abby Goodnough, “Errors Turn Fund-Raising Coup Into Embarrassment for Giuliani,” New York Times, August 12, 1999, https://www.nytimes.com/1999/08/12/nyregion/errors-turn-fund-raising-coup-into-embarrassment-for-giuliani.html.
33. Knut Royce, “FBI Tracked Alleged Russian Mob Ties of Giuliani Campaign Supporter,” Center for Public Integrity, December 14, 1999.
34. Calculated by author with data from the New York City Campaign Finance Board.
35. Caleb Melby and Keri Geiger, “Behind Trump’s Russia Romance, There’s a Tower Full of Oligarchs,” Bloomberg Businessweek, March 16, 2017, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017–03–16/behind-trump-s-russia-romance-there-s-a-tower-full-of-oligarchs.
36. NYC Department of Finance, Automated City Register Information System (ACRIS), December 12, 2001, block 1340, lot 1347, 3407/2295.
37. Calculated by author with data from OpenSecrets.org.
38. “Clinton Victory Speech,” C-SPAN video, November 7, 2000, https://www.c-span.org/video/?160369–1/clinton-victory-speech.
39. Roger Stone, interviewed by Wayne Barrett, 2004, Barrett Papers.
40. The Committee to Take Back Our Judiciary v. Florida Elections Commission, No. 02-4672 (2003), https://www.doah.state.fl.us/ROS/2002/02003613%20Amended%20RO.PDF.
10. ESCAPE FROM NEW JERSEY
1. Jared Kushner, “2014 Undergraduate Commencement II - Hofstra University,” YouTube, posted by Hofstra University, June 4, 2014, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wAoXCIeeTYI.
2. Jared Kushner, interviewed by George Gurley in The Kingdom of New York: Knights, Knaves, Billionaires, and Beauties in the City of Big Shots, ed. The New York Observer (New York: HarperCollins, 2009), 338–39.
3. “30 Fawn Dr, Livingston, NJ 07039,” property listing, Zillow, March 21, 2019, https://www.zillow.com/homedetails/30-Fawn-Dr-Livingston-NJ-07039/38665056_zpid/.
4. Photograph of Senator Robert G. Toricelli with “Jacob Schulder of West Orange, Gared Kushner of Livingston, and his father, Charles Kushner,” by Ed Hill, The Record, February 20, 1997.
5. Calculated by author with data from OpenSecrets.org.
6. Federal Election Commission, Matter Under Review #5279: Bill Bradley for President, Inc., referral, June 8, 2001, https://www.fec.gov/data/legal/matter-under-review/5279/.
7. Naomi Zeveloff, “How Jared Kushner Became a Teenage Hero—and Learned to Be a Zionist,” Forward, January 26, 2017, https://forward.com/news/israel/361090/how-jared-kushner-became-a-teenage-hero-and-learned-to-be-a-zionist/.
8. Daniel Golden, The Price of Admission: How America’s Ruling Class Buys Its Way into Elite Colleges—and Who Gets Left Outside the Gates (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2007), 45–46.
9. Alan E. Wirzbicki, “2,055 Admitted to Class of 2003,” Harvard Crimson, April 5, 1999, https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1999/4/5/2055-admitted-to-class-of-2003/.
10. Federal Election Commission, “Consolidated Response of Certain Respondents to ‘Reason to Believe,’ ” in Matter Under Review #5279: Bill Bradley for President, Inc., September 23, 2002.
11. Matt Viser, “Jared Kushner Got His Start as Somerville Landlord,” Boston Globe, June 22, 2017, https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/2017/06/22/the-apprentice-real-estate-rookie-jared-kushner-snapped-somerville-properties-but-also-made-mistakes/4Y3VWYsNqJO3TAtfKfBSKJ/story.html.
12. Jared Kushner, “2014 Undergraduate Commencement II - Hofstra University.”
13. The story of Jared Kushner’s Massachusetts land transactions is based on an examination of deeds, mortgages, and trusts from Southern Middlesex land records, available at http://www.masslandrecords.com/MiddlesexSouth/.
14. Jared Kushner, “2014 Undergraduate Commencement II - Hofstra University.”
15. Viser, “Somerville Landlord.”
16. Judy Maltz, “Hundreds of Thousands in Donations Tie Kushners and Trump to Chabad Movement,” Haaretz, January 10, 2017.
17. Drew C. Pendergrass, “Becoming Jared Kushner,” Harvard Crimson, March 9, 2017, https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/3/9/jared-kushner-undergrad/.
18. “Jared Kushner Speaks at Chabad House at Harvard, 2003,” YouTube, posted by JTA News, January 27, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=56S3cBvAr9Q.
19. The New York Observer, Kingdom of New York, 234.
20. The New York Observer, Kingdom of New York, 338.
21. Jared Kushner, “2014 Undergraduate Commencement II - Hofstra University.”
22. Gabriel Sherman, “The Legacy,” New York, July 10, 2009, http://nymag.com/news/features/57891/.
23. Chris Christie with Ellis Henican, Let Me Finish: Trump, the Kushners, Bannon, New Jersey, and the Power of In-Your-Face Politics (New York: Hachette, 2019), 248.
24. The New York Observer, Kingdom of New York, 338.
25. The New York Observer, Kingdom of New York, 338.
26. The New York Observer, Kingdom of New York, 338.
27. Katharine Q. Seelye, “Developer’s Son Acquires The New York Observer,” New York Times, July 31, 2006, https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/31/business/media/31observer.html.
28. Sherman, “Legacy.”
29. The New York Observer, Kingdom of New York, 338–39.
30. The New York Observer, Kingdom of New York, 339.
31. Jared Kushner, “2014 Undergraduate Commencement II - Hofstra University.”
32. United States v. William E. Baroni Jr. and Bridget Anne Kelly, No. 2:15-cr-00193-SDW (D-N.J.), September 23, 2016, David Wildstein trial testimony.
33. Jared Kushner to David Wildstein, email, released during Baroni trial.
34. Jeff Pillets, “Doing Time the Easy Way; Disgraced Kushner Has Chauffeur, Job, Furloughs,” The Record, June 19, 2006.
35. William Grimes, “Four Seasons, Lunch Spot for Manhattan’s Prime Movers, Moves On,” New York Times, July 8, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/10/nyregion/four-seasons-lunch-spot-for-manhattans-prime-movers-moves-on.html.
36. Paul Laurie/PMC, “Jared Kushner and Peter Kaplan Present the Relaunch of the New York Observer Website,” April 18, 2007, Patrick McMullan Company, https://www.patrickmcmullan.com/events/5b3ef4fb9f92906676448199/.
11. ENTRÉE
1. Late Night with Conan O’Brien, season 14, episode 116, guest Ivanka Trump, aired March 16, 2007.
2. Ivanka Trump, The Trump Card: Playing to Win in Work and Life (New York: Touchstone, 2009), 19–22
3. Donald J. Trump with Tony Schwartz, The Art of the Deal (New York: Ballantine Books, 2015), 72.
4. Tony Schwartz, email correspondence with author, January 28, 2019.
5. Trump, Trump Card, 21.
6. Ivanka Trump (@ivankatrump), “She’s a builder! (I think it’s safe to say some things are genetic . . . ),” Instagram, October 2, 2013, https://www.instagram.com/p/e9yCyxikJh/.
7. Trump, Trump Card, 38.
8. Trump, Trump Card, 36.
9. Ivana Trump, Raising Trump (New York: Gallery Books, 2017), 167.
10. Trump, Trump Card, 52.
11. Ivanka Trump, interview in Jamie Johnson, Born Rich, HBO, January 19, 2003.
12. “Ivanka Trump,” interview by Lloyd Grove, Portfolio.com, November 10, 2008, https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/198386.
13. “Ivanka on What Growing Up Trump Was Like | The Oprah Winfrey Show | Oprah Winfrey Network,” originally aired February 20, 2009, posted to YouTube by the Oprah Winfrey Network April 11, 2016, https://youtu.be/lsusrsuMuV0.
14. Trump, Trump Card, 72.
15. Documents sourced from NYC Department of Finance, Automated City Register Information System (ACRIS).
16. Trump, Trump Card, 93.
17. Emily Jane Fox, Born Trump: Inside America’s First Family (New York: HarperCollins, 2018), 248.
18. Charles V. Bagli, “Due Diligence on the Donald,” New York Times, January 25, 2004.
19. Trump attorney and the New York Times, correspondence, 2004, obtained by author.
20. Patrick Radden Keefe, “How Mark Burnett Resurrected Donald Trump as an Icon of American Success,” New Yorker, December 27, 2018, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/01/07/how-mark-burnett-resurrected-donald-trump-as-an-icon-of-american-success.
21. Keefe, “Mark Burnett.”
22. Franklin Foer, “How Kleptocracy Came to America,” Atlantic, March 2019, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/03/how-kleptocracy-came-to-america/580471/.
23. “The Donald Interviews The Kids | Forbes,” YouTube, posted by Forbes, October 30, 2006, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vc0k1CMl6_o.
24. Trump, Trump Card, 57.
25. Mike McIntire, Megan Twohey, and Mark Mazzetti, “How a Lawyer, a Felon and a Russian General Chased a Moscow Trump Tower Deal,” New York Times, November 29, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/29/us/politics/trump-russia-felix-sater-michael-cohen.html.
26. Tom Hamburger, Rosalind S. Helderman, and Dana Priest, “In ‘Little Moscow,’ Russians Helped Donald Trump’s Brand Survive the Recession,” Washington Post, November 4, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/in-little-moscow-russians-helped-donald-trumps-brand-survive-the-recession/2016/11/04/f9dbd38e-97cf-11e6-bb29-bf2701dbe0a3_story.html; Nathan Layne, Ned Parker, Svetlana Reiter, Stephen Grey, and Ryan McNeill, “Russian Elite Invested Nearly $100 Million in Trump Buildings,” Reuters, March 17, 2017, https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-trump-property/.
27. United States v. Michael Sheferovsky, 1:00-mj-01058 (E.D.N.Y. 2000).
28. United States v. Felix Sater, 1:98-cr-01101-ILG (E.D.N.Y. 1998), letter filed with the court, March 21, 2011.
29. Sater gave multiple interviews describing these events; see Anthony Cormier and Jason Leopold, “Trump Moscow: The Definitive Story of How Trump’s Team Worked the Russian Deal During the Campaign,” BuzzFeed News, May 17, 2018, https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/anthonycormier/trump-moscow-micheal-cohen-felix-sater-campaign; “Trump Business Associate Felix Sater Speaks Out on Russia Ties,” interview by Chris Cuomo, CNN, March 16, 2018 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rdFmBd9BXKs; and “Trump Associate Felix Sater Speaks Out,” inteview by Chris Hayes, MSNBC, March 16, 2018, http://www.msnbc.com/transcripts/all-in/2018-03-16.
30. Matt Apuzzo and Maggie Haberman, “Trump Associate Boasted That Moscow Business Deal ‘Will Get Donald Elected,’ ” New York Times, August 28, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/politics/trump-tower-putin-felix-sater.html.
31. Heather Vogell, with Andrea Bernstein, Meg Cramer, and Peter Elkind, “Pump and Trump,” ProPublica, October 17, 2018, https://features.propublica.org/trump-inc-podcast/trump-family-business-panama-city-khafif/.
32. The Apprentice, season 5, episode 15, “Decision Time,” aired June 5, 2006 on NBC.
33. Observer Staff, “The Afternoon Wrap: Wednesday,” New York Observer, January 3, 2007, https://observer.com/2007/01/the-afternoon-wrap-wednesday-8/.
34. “The Closer,” New York Daily News, September 27, 2007, https://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/real-estate/closer-article-1.245321.
35. Melissa Grace, “Cheers, Jeers for Donald Trump’s SoHo Condominium Hotel,” New York Daily News, September 20, 2007, https://www.nydailynews.com/news/money/cheers-jeers-donald-trump-soho-condominium-hotel-article-1.245948.
36. Charles V. Bagli, “Real Estate Executive With Hand in Trump Projects Rose From Tangled Past,” New York Times, December 17, 2007, https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/17/nyregion/17trump.html.
37. Charles V. Bagli, interviewed by author, December 2018.
38. The Apprentice, season 6, episode 1, “To Have and Have Not,” aired January 7, 2007 on NBC.
39. Trump, Trump Card, 187.
40. Judy Klemesrud, “Donald Trump, Real Estate Promoter, Builds Image as He Buys Buildings,” New York Times, November 1, 1976, https://www.nytimes.com/1976/11/01/archives/donald-trump-real-estate-promoter-builds-image-as-he-buys-buildings.html.
41. “Ivanka Trumps All,” Stuff Magazine, September 2006 (cover).
42. Ivanka Trump, “Executive Branch Personnel, Public Financial Disclosure Report,” OGE Form 278e (Washington, DC, Office of Government Ethics, 2018 [filed May 15, 2018]).
43. Phoebe Eaton, “Ivanka Trump: The New Queen of Diamonds,” Harper’s Bazaar, September 24, 2007, https://www.harpersbazaar.com/celebrity/red-carpet-dresses/a207/ivanka-trump-diamonds-1007/.
44. George Gurley, “Trump Power: Ivanka Trump,” Marie Claire, January 29, 2007, https://www.marieclaire.com/career-advice/tips/a105/ivanka-trump/.
45. Trump, Trump Card, 222.
46. Ben Schreckinger, “DOJ Sues Ivanka’s Ex-Business Partner for Massive Fraud,” Politico Magazine, August 17, 2018, https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2018/08/17/ivanka-trump-business-partner-justice-department-lawsuit-moshe-lax-219369.
47. PageSix.com staff, “Ivanka Observed,” New York Post, April 20, 2007.
48. Richard Johnson, “No More Lies,” New York Post, May 4, 2007, https://web.archive.org/web/20070510011038/http://www.nypost.com/seven/05042007/gossip/pagesix/no_more_lies_pagesix_.htm.
49. Jo Piazza, “Fashion Dish: Poor showing for Nicky Hilton,” New York Daily News, September 10, 2007, https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/fashion-dish-poor-showing-nicky-hilton-article-1.242974.
50. “Jared Kushner,” New York Post, September 28, 2007.
51. Ruth La Ferla, “Introducing the Ivanka,” New York Times, December 27, 2007, https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/27/fashion/27IVANKA.html.
52. Gabriel Sherman, “The Legacy,” New York, July 10, 2009, http://nymag.com/news/features/57891/.
53. PageSix.com Staff, “Sightings . . . Sightings . . . ,” New York Post, August 10, 2008, https://pagesix.com/2008/08/10/sightings-sightings-29/.
54. PageSix.com Staff, “Shiksa No More,” New York Post, October 29, 2008, https://pagesix.com/2008/10/29/shiksa-no-more/.
55. “Interview with Ivanka Trump,” Portfolio, 2008, quoted in Heather Vogell, Andrea Bernstein, Meg Cramer, and Peter Elkind, “Pump and Trump,” Trump, Inc., October 17, 2018, https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/trump-inc-pump-trump-panama.
56. Inti Pacheco, Manuela Andreoni, Alex Mierjeski, and Keenan Chen, “Trump Org: A Magnet for Dirty Businessmen,” Univision News, February 26, 2018, https://www.univision.com/univision-news/latin-america/trump-org-magnet-for-dirty-businessmen.
57. The Trump Organization “Baja Project” Cases, No. BC409651 (Cal. Super. July 20, 2012), fourth amended complaint, exhibit 67, “From the Desk of Ivanka Trump,” Trump Baja News 3 (September 2007).
58. “Ivanka Trump Speaks Out,” YouTube, posted by CBS, March 14, 2009, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M-2ELTUvIhA.
59. Ivanka Trump (@IvankaTrump), Twitter, July 16, 2009, https://twitter.com/IvankaTrump/status/2668887612.
60. Ivanka Trump, interviewed by Leonard Lopate, The Leonard Lopate Show, October 13, 2009, https://www.wnyc.org/story/59336-the-trump-card/.
12. A FLOOD OF MONEY
1. New York City Department of Finance, Automated City Register Information System, (ACRIS), deed recorded November 20, 2006.
2. Jason Maloni (spokesman for Paul Manafort), email correspondence with author, March 23, 2017.
3. Andrew E. Kramer, “Out of Siberia, a Russian Way to Wealth,” New York Times, August 20, 2006, https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/20/business/yourmoney/20oligarch.html.
4. Franklin Foer, “The Plot Against America,” The Atlantic, March 2018, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/03/paul-manafort-american-hustler/550925/.
5. “The Global Intelligence Files,” email sent August 15, 2007 to intelligence@stratfor.com, released on May 29, 2013, https://wikileaks.org/gifiles/docs/54/5467826_humint-russia-my-night-with-deripaska-part-i-.html, cited in Foer, “The Plot.”
6. Foer, “The Plot.”
7. Jeff Horwitz and Chad Day, “Before Trump Job, Manafort Worked to Aid Putin,” Associated Press, March 22, 2017, https://www.apnews.com/122ae0b5848345faa88108a03de40c5a.
8. United States v. Paul Manafort Jr., No. 1:18-cr-00083 (E.D. Va. August 21, 2018), Exhibit EE-FF at 104, ID#2586, document #153-2, filed July 26, 2018.
9. “Profile: Ukraine’s ousted President Viktor Yanukovych,” BBC News, February 28, 2014, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-25182830.
10. Manafort, Exhibit EE-FF at 93, ID#2575.
11. United States v. The Premises Located Alexandria, Virginia, 22314, No. 1:17-sw-00449 (E.D. Va. August 21, 2018), application for a search warrant, filed July 5, 2017; United States v. Paul Manafort Jr., transcript of proceedings held on August 6, 2018, document #231, filed August 13, 2018.
12. Calculated by the author with data from NYU Furman Center, February 2019.
13. Jonathan Chait, “Going for Gold,” New Republic, May 21, 2001, https://newrepublic.com/article/87096/going-gold.
14. Samara R. Potter and William G. Gale, “The Bush Tax Cut: One Year Later,” Brookings Institution, June 15, 2002, https://www.brookings.edu/research/the-bush-tax-cut-one-year-later/.
15. Joseph E. Stiglitz, “The Economic Consequences of Mr. Bush,” Vanity Fair, November 7, 2007, https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2007/12/bush200712.
16. Alex Blumberg, Adam Davidson, Ira Glass, “The Giant Pool of Money,” This American Life, episode 355, May 9, 2008, https://www.thisamericanlife.org/355/transcript.
17. Guy Chazan, “In Russia, a Top Rabbi Uses Kremlin Ties to Gain Power,” Wall Street Journal, May 8, 2007, https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB117858672536595256.
18. William Neuman, “With Backing from an Israeli Billionaire, a Developer Finds Opportunities in Disparate Places,” New York Times, February 6, 2005, https://www.nytimes.com/2005/02/06/realestate/with-backing-from-an-israeli-billionaire-a-developer-finds.html.
19. United States v. Prevezon Holdings Ltd. et al., 1:13-cv-06326 (S.D.N.Y. 2017).
20. Neuman, “With Backing.”
21. Zev Chafets, “The Missionary Mogul,” New York Times Magazine, September 16, 2007, https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/16/magazine/16Leviev-t.html.
22. David Barstow, Susanne Craig, and Russ Buettner, “Trump Engaged in Suspect Tax Schemes as He Reaped Riches From His Father,” New York Times, October 2, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/10/02/us/politics/donald-trump-tax-schemes-fred-trump.html.
23. Jon Greenberg, “Hillary Clinton Says Donald Trump Rooted for the Housing Crisis,” PolitiFact, September 26, 2016, https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/sep/26/hillary-clinton/hillary-clinton-says-donald-trump-rooted-housing-c/.
24. People of the State of New York by Eric T. Schneiderman v. Trump Entrepreneur Initiative LLC, 2014 NY Slip Op 30305(U) (N.Y. March 1, 2016), complaint, filed August 24, 2013.
25. Trump Entrepreneur Initiative, complaint.
26. Donald Trump, interviewed by Deborah Solomon, 2009, tape supplied to author.
27. Michael Crowley, “Trump and the Oligarch,” Politico Magazine, July 28, 2016, https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/07/donald-trump-2016-russian-ties-214116.
28. eTN Editor, “Executive Talk: Donald Trump Jr. Bullish on Russia and Few Emerging Markets,” eTurboNews, September 15, 2008, https://www.eturbonews.com/9788/executive-talk-donald-trump-jr-bullish-russia-and-few-emerging-ma.
29. Sam Roberts, “Homes Dark and Lifeless, Kept by Out-of-Towners,” New York Times, July 6, 2011, https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/07/nyregion/more-apartments-are-empty-yet-rented-or-owned-census-finds.html.
30. Calculated by the author with data from NYU Furman Center, February 2019.
31. Cindy Rodriguez, “As Bloomberg Built Affordable Housing, City Became Less Affordable,” WNYC News, July 9, 2013, https://www.wnyc.org/story/304422-new-york-remade-city-more-desirable-ever-also-too-expensive-many.
13. THE INITIATION
1. Raakhee Mirchandani, “The 50 Most Powerful Women in NYC,” New York Post, June 1, 2008, https://nypost.com/2008/06/01/the-50-most-powerful-women-in-nyc/.
2. Dominic Rushe, interviewed by author, July 2017.
3. Charles V. Bagli, “Real Estate Executive with Hand in Trump Projects Rose from Tangled Past,” New York Times, December 17, 2007, https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/17/nyregion/17trump.html.
4. Some of the reporting in this chapter originally appeared in an article I wrote with Jesse Eisinger, Justin Elliott, and Ilya Marritz, “How Ivanka Trump and Donald Trump, Jr., Avoided a Criminal Indictment,” published on October 4, 2017, by the New Yorker, ProPublica, and WNYC. It was based on interviews with twenty people familiar with the investigation, dozens of former city and state officials, court records, land records, data maintained by the New York State Board of Elections, filings with the New York Attorney General’s office and the New York City Bureau of Standards and Appeals, and other public documents. We were not able to review copies of the emails that were the focal point of the inquiry and relied on the accounts of multiple individuals who had seen them. https://www.wnyc.org/story/ivanka-donald-trump-jr-close-charged-felony-fraud/.
5. The Apprentice, season 5, episode 15, “Decision Time,” aired June 5, 2006, on NBC.
6. Bernstein et al., “How Ivanka Trump and Donald Trump, Jr., Avoided a Criminal Indictment.”
7. Ivanka Trump, interviewed by Cynthia McFadden, ABC News Nightline, October 13, 2009.
8. Calculated by the author with data from New York State Board of Elections.
9. Frank Lynn, “Cuomo and Abrams Tell Ethics Panel of Fund-Raising,” New York Times, March 11, 1989.
10. Bernstein et al., “How Ivanka Trump and Donald Trump, Jr., Avoided a Criminal Indictment.”
11. Palmer Gardens LLC v. Bayrock/Sapir Organization LLC, No. 1:10-cv-05830 (S.D.N.Y.), second amended complaint, document 14, filed November 30, 2010.
12. Elizabeth A. Harris, “Fifteen Buyers File Lawsuit Against Trump Soho Project,” New York Times, August 2, 2010, https://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/03/nyregion/03trump.html.
13. Adam Leitman Bailey to Cyrus R. Vance, Jr., letter, November 2, 2011, obtained by author.
14. Daniel Geiger, “The Brouhaha Behind the Ground Zero Mosque Introduced Adam Leitman Bailey to the World. So What’s Next for Real Estate’s Most Public Attorney?” New York Observer, February 21, 2012, https://observer.com/2012/02/the-brouhaha-behind-the-ground-zero-mosque-introduced-adam-leitman-bailey-to-the-world-so-whats-next-for-real-estates-most-public-attorney/.
15. Bernstein et al., “How Ivanka Trump and Donald Trump, Jr., Avoided a Criminal Indictment.”
16. Calculated by author from records of New York State Board of Elections.
17. Bernstein et al., “How Ivanka Trump and Donald Trump, Jr., Avoided a Criminal Indictment.”
18. Jesse Eisinger, “Manhattan District Attorney Says He’ll No Longer Accept Contributions from Lawyers with Cases before Him,” ProPublica, January 23, 2018.
14. “TO SPEND WITHOUT LIMIT”
1. “Unemployment Rate in Stark County, OH,” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/OHSTAR1URN.
2. Center for Responsive Politics, “Election 2010 to Shatter Spending Records as Republicans Benefit from Late Cash Surge,” OpenSecrets.org, October 27, 2010, https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2010/10/election-2010-to-shatter-spending-r/.
3. Chris Cillizza, “How Citizens United Changed Politics, in 7 Charts,” Washington Post, January 22, 2014, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2014/01/21/how-citizens-united-changed-politics-in-6-charts/.
4. Jane Mayer, Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right (New York: Anchor Books, 2017), 257.
5. Mayer, Dark Money, 231.
6. Mayer, Dark Money, 235.
7. David D. Kirkpatrick, “A Quest to End Spending Rules for Campaigns,” New York Times, January 24, 2010, https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/25/us/politics/25bopp.html.
8. Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, 558 U.S. 310 (2010), https://casetext.com/case/citizens-united-v-federal-election-comn.
9. “Text: Obama’s State of the Union Address,” New York Times, January 27, 2010, https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/28/us/politics/28obama.text.html.
10. Heather Vogell, with Andrea Bernstein, Meg Cramer, and Peter Elkind, “Pump and Trump,” ProPublica, October 17, 2018, https://features.propublica.org/trump-inc-podcast/trump-family-business-panama-city-khafif/.
11. “Trump Ocean Club Panama,” YouTube, posted by The Trump Organization, July 11, 2011, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMSlAb4RD7M.
12. “Trump Ocean Club Panama,” YouTube.
13. “Ivanka Trump,” interview by Lloyd Grove, Portfolio.com, November 10, 2008, https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/198386.
14. “Trump Ocean Club Panama,” YouTube.
15. Ken Silverstein, “Narco-a-Lago: Money Laundering at the Trump Ocean Club Panama,” Global Witness, November 2017, https://www.globalwitness.org/en/campaigns/corruption-and-money-laundering/narco-a-lago-panama/#chapter-0/section-1.
16. Newland International Properties, Inc., offering memorandum for Trump Ocean Club International Hotel and Tower, Panama, for Bear, Stearns and Co., Inc., November 2007, obtained by author.
17. Vogell et al., “Pump and Trump.”
18. Vogell et al., “Pump and Trump.”
19. “Ivanka Trump visits Trump International Hotel & Tower, Toronto,” YouTube, posted by Trump International Hotel & Tower Toronto, July 24, 2008, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9z5590CHoFM.
20. Sarbjit Singh v. Donald John Trump Sr., No. C60787, [2016] ONCA 747.
21. Donald John Trump Sr., No. C60787, [2016] ONCA 747.
22. Tom Burgis, “Tower of Secrets: The Russian Money behind a Donald Trump Skyscraper,” Financial Times Magazine, July 11, 2018, https://www.ft.com/trumptoronto.
23. “Billionaires 2010: #773 Alexander Shnaider,” Forbes, March 1, 2010, https://www.forbes.com/profile/alexander-shnaider/#22d9eddd7c1c.
24. Mark MacKinnon, “Searching for Boris Birshtein,” Globe and Mail, December 29, 2018, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/investigations/article-boris-birshtein-investigation/.
25. Tom Burgis, “Tower of Secrets.”
26. Robert Cribb et al., “How Every Investor Lost Money on Trump Tower Toronto (but Donald Trump Made Millions Anyway),” Star with Columbia Journalism Investigations, October 21, 2017, https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2017/10/21/how-every-investor-lost-money-on-trump-tower-toronto-but-donald-trump-made-millions-anyway.html.
27. Heidi Brown and Nathan Vardi, “Man of Steel,” Forbes, March 28, 2005, https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2005/0328/132.html#181708702fc0.
28. Burgis, “Tower of Secrets.”
29. Rob Barry, Christopher S. Stewart, and Brett Forrest, “Russian State-Run Bank Financed Deal Involving Trump Hotel Partner,” Wall Street Journal, May 17, 2017, https://www.wsj.com/articles/russian-state-run-bank-financed-deal-involving-trump-hotel-partner-1495031708.
30. Donald J. Trump, “Executive Branch Personnel Public Financial Disclosure Reports,” OGE Form 278e, (Washington, DC, Office of Government Ethics [filed June 22, 2015 and May 15, 2018]).
31. “Grand Opening of Trump International Hotel & Tower®,” YouTube, posted by Cision Canada, April 17, 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jMs_WrN63PQ.
32. Tara Perkins, “Trump Talks Up Toronto Tower,” Globe and Mail, April 17, 2012.
33. Cribb et al., “How Every Investor Lost.”
34. Mark DeCambre, “Schwarzman Likens Bam to Hitler over Taxes,” New York Post, August 17, 2010, https://nypost.com/2010/08/17/schwarzman-likens-bam-to-hitler-over-taxes/.
35. Mayer, Dark Money, 254.
36. Ilya Marritz, “Obama Saved New York by Saving Wall Street. But.,” WNYC News, January 17, 2017, https://www.wnyc.org/story/obama-and-new-york-city-economy/.
37. Russ Choma, “The 2012 Election: Our Price Tag (Finally) for the Whole Ball of Wax,” OpenSecrets.org, March 13, 2013, https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2013/03/the-2012-election-our-price-tag-fin/.
38. Center for Responsive Politics, 2012 Outside Spending, Federal Election Spending, by Group, https://www.opensecrets.org/outsidespending/summ.php?cycle=2012&chrt=V&disp=O&type=U.
39. Ivanka Trump, interviewed by Piers Morgan, Piers Morgan Tonight, February 9, 2012.
40. Calculated by the author with data from Federal Election Commission.
15. LICENSE
1. Federal Election Commission, Matter Under Review #6462: Donald J. Trump et al., first general counsel’s report, January 25, 2013.
2. Caleb Melby, “Guns, Girls and Sex Tapes: The Unhinged, Hedonistic Saga of Billionaire Stewart Rahr, ‘Number One King of All Fun’,” Forbes, September 17, 2013, https://www.forbes.com/sites/calebmelby/2013/09/17/guns-girls-and-sex-tapes-the-saga-of-billionaire-stewart-rahr-number-one-king-of-all-fun/#3e523fc53f86.
3. Michael Cohen, interviewed by Amy Walter and Jonathan Karl, ABC News, March 11, 2011.
4. Trump Tower press conference, March 10, 2011, audiotape from WNYC archives.
5. Many of the details of Cohen’s background were first reported in the story I wrote with my WNYC colleague Ilya Marritz, “The Company Michael Cohen Kept,” Trump, Inc., April 18, 2018, https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/trump-inc-podcast-company-michael-cohen-kept.
6. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Deposition of: Michael Cohen, (Washington, DC: February 28, 2019) 12, https://docs.house.gov/meetings/IG/IG00/20190520/109549/HMTG-116-IG00-20190520-SD002.pdf.
7. United States v. Michael Cohen, No. 1:18-cr-00602 (S.D.N.Y.), unredacted search warrant dated April 8, 2018, Exhibit 2 – 18MAG 2969., document #43-1, filed March 19, 2019.
8. “Michael Cohen Testimony Before House Oversight Committee,” February 27, 2019, C-SPAN, https://www.c-span.org/video/transcript/?id=57772.
9. “Michael Cohen Testimony.”
10. Morning Joe, “Emily Jane Fox: Michael Cohen Says Trump Is Like His Father,” aired April 10, 2018.
11. Deposition of: Michael Cohen, February 28, 2019, 22.
12. Trump Tower press conference, March 10, 2011.
13. Adam Davidson, “Trump’s Business of Corruption,” New Yorker, August 14, 2017, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/08/21/trumps-business-of-corruption.
14. Trump Tower press conference, March 10, 2011.
15. Gregory Krieg, “14 of Trump’s Most Outrageous ‘Birther’ Claims—Half from After 2011,” CNN, September 16, 2016, https://www.cnn.com/2016/09/09/politics/donald-trump-birther/index.html.
16. “Trump: Obama Birth Certificate Needs Truth Test,” YouTube video, posted by the Associated Press, April 27, 2011, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6hsm81VXKY.
17. Barack Obama, “C-SPAN: President Obama at the 2011 White House Correspondents’ Dinner,” April 30, 2011, https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4667818/president-obama-2011-white-house-correspondents-dinner.
18. First general counsel’s report, MUR #6462.
19. Jane Mayer, Dark Money: The Hidden History of the Billionaires Behind the Rise of the Radical Right (New York: Anchor Books, 2017), 110.
20. Wayne Barrett, Trump: The Deals and the Downfall (New York: HarperCollins, 1992), 242.
21. Christopher Rowland, “Deadlock by Design Hobbles Election Agency,” Boston Globe, July 7, 2013, https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/nation/2013/07/06/america-campaign-finance-watchdog-rendered-nearly-toothless-its-own-appointed-commissioners/44zZoJwnzEHyzxTByNL2QP/story.html?s_campaign=sm_tw.
22. Ellen L. Weintraub, “Trump’s Pick for White House Counsel Is Wrong for the Job,” Washington Post, December 9, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/i-worked-with-trumps-pick-for-white-house-counsel-he-doesnt-care-about-corruption/2016/12/09/76f0793c-bcac-11e6-94ac-3d324840106c_story.html.
23. Matthew S. Petersen, “Statement of Reasons,” MUR #6462, February 22, 2017.
24. James V. Grimaldi and Mark Maremont, “Donald Trump Made Millions from Multilevel Marketing Firm,” Wall Street Journal, August 13, 2015, https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-made-millions-from-multilevel-marketing-firm-1439481128.
25. Multiple videos posted to YouTube, March 21, 2011.
26. Donald J. Trump, “Executive Branch Personnel Public Financial Disclosure Report,” OGE Form 278e (Washington, DC, Office of Government Ethics [filed June 22, 2018]).
27. Grimaldi and Maremont, “Trump Made Millions.”
28. Jane Doe v. The Trump Corporation et al., No. 1:18-cv-09936 (S.D.N.Y.), amended complaint, document #77, filed January 31, 2019.
29. The Trump Corporation et al., No. 1:18-cv-09936-LGS (S.D.N.Y.).
30. The Apprentice, season 11, episode 4, “Off the Hook,” aired March 27, 2011.
31. Ivanka Trump, The Trump Card: Playing to Win in Work and Life (New York: Touchstone, 2009), 240.
32. The Trump Corporation et al., motion to dismiss, document #83, February 21, 2019.
33. The Trump Corporation et al., order denying motion to dismiss, document #97, filed July 24, 2019.
34. Maggie Haberman and Alexander Burns, “Donald Trump’s Presidential Run Began in an Effort to Gain Stature,” New York Times, March 12, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/13/us/politics/donald-trump-campaign.html.
35. Claude Solnik, “Questions Spread over Payment at Trump Rallies,” Long Island Business News, June 19, 2015, https://libn.com/2015/06/19/questions-spread-over-payment-at-trump-rallies-3/.
36. Calculated by the author with data from New York State Board of Elections.
37. Jon Swaine, “FBI Looked Into Trump Plans to Build Hotel in Latvia with Putin Supporter,” The Guardian, March 29, 2018, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/mar/29/trump-fbi-hotel-latvia-investigation-russia-links.
38. Baltic International Bank, “Donald Trump John Jr. Told about Their Family Business at the Conference Hosted by Baltic International Bank,” news release, May 30, 2012, https://www.bib.eu/en/news/05/30/donald-trump-jr-attends-bib-annual-conference.
39. “Interview with Donald Trump Jr. (Riga, 19 May 2012),” YouTube, posted by Otkritij Gorod, November 7, 2012, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AO1Wv5E8wpA.
40. Jon Swaine and Scott Stedman, “Revealed: Russian Billionaire Set Up US Company before Trump Tower Meeting,” Guardian, October 18, 2018.
41. Adam Davidson, “Donald Trump’s Worst Deal,” New Yorker, March 5, 2017, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/03/13/donald-trumps-worst-deal.
42. “Corruption Perceptions Index 2012,” Transparency International, https://www.transparency.org/cpi2012/results.
43. Davidson, “Donald Trump’s Worst Deal.”
44. Ivanka Trump (@ivankatrump), “I’m in Baku, Azerbaijan . . . and will reveal why next week! In the meantime, check out this cityscape view from my balcony!” Instagram video, October 22, 2014, https://www.instagram.com/p/udVmt8CkFf/?hl=en.
45. Michael Isikoff and David Corn, Russian Roulette: The Inside Story of Putin’s War on America and the Election of Donald Trump (New York: Twelve, 2018), 5.
46. Luke Harding, Collusion: Secret Meetings, Dirty Money, and How Russia Helped Donald Trump Win (New York: Vintage Books, 2017), 234.
47. Isikoff and Corn, Russian Roulette, 6.
48. Jeremy Diamond, “Exclusive: Video Shows Trump with Associates Tied to Email Controversy,” CNN, July 13, 2017, https://www.cnn.com/2017/07/12/politics/video-trump-relationships-russian-associates/index.html.
49. United States General Accounting Office, Report to the Ranking Minority Member, Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate; Suspicious Banking Activities: Possible Money Laundering by U.S. Corporations Formed for Russian Entities (Washington, DC: US General Accounting Office, October 2000), https://www.gao.gov/new.items/d01120.pdf.
50. Raymond Bonner, “Laundering of Money Seen as ‘Easy,’ ” New York Times, November 29, 2000, https://www.nytimes.com/2000/11/29/business/laundering-of-money-seen-as-easy.html.
51. Isikoff and Corn, Russian Roulette, 17.
52. Konrad Putzier, “Hotel Trio Aims to Bring Manhattan to Moscow,” Real Estate Weekly, November 12, 2013, https://rew-online.com/2013/11/hotel-trio-aims-to-bring-manhattan-to-moscow/.
53. Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump), Twitter, November 11, 2013, https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/399939505924628480.
54. Special Counsel Robert S. Mueller III, Report on the Investigation into Russian Interference in the 2016 Presidential Election, vol. 1 (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, March 2019), 68.
55. Mueller, Report on the Investigation, vol. 1, 113.
16. OTHER PEOPLE’S MONEY
1. David Yassky, interviewed by author, March 2019.
2. Eliot Spitzer, interviewed by author, March 2019.
3. Jared Kushner, interviewed by George Gurley in The Kingdom of New York: Knights, Knaves, Billionaires, and Beauties in the City of Big Shots, ed. The New York Observer (New York: HarperCollins, 2009), 338–39.
4. Lisa Chase, interviewed by author, June 2018.
5. David Carr, “At Peter Kaplan’s Funeral, Mourning the Master of the Masters,” New York Times, December 3, 2013, https://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/04/nyregion/at-peter-kaplans-funeral-mourning-the-master-of-the-masters.html.
6. Kyle Pope, “The Jared Bubble: What My 18 Months as Jared Kushner’s First Editor Taught Me about the Trump Family and the Press,” Columbia Journalism Review, Fall 2017, https://www.cjr.org/special_report/cjr-kyle-pope-jared-kushner-observer.php.
7. “Behind the Bricks: A Sneak Peek at Residential Development in NY,” YouTube, posted by 92nd Street Y, April 1, 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t4C7_WBf1.
8. Jesse M. Keenan, “666 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY: A Case Study,” New York: Columbia University and the Center for Urban Real Estate, 2013, http://www.cacq.com/images/site_images/666%20Fifth%20Ave_Case%20Study.pdf.
9. David Kocieniewski and Caleb Melby, “Kushners’ China Deal Flop Was Part of Much Bigger Hunt for Cash,” Bloomberg, August 31, 2017, https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2017-kushners-china-deal-flop-was-part-of-much-bigger-hunt-for-cash/.
10. Moody’s Investors Services, “Wachovia Bank Commerical Trust, Commerical Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2007-C31,” May 3, 2007, 18, obtained by author.
11. Moody’s Investors Services, “Wachovia Bank,” 17.
12. Trepp Loan Property Detail, “GECMC 2007-C1: 666 Fifth Avenue – A Note,” obtained by author.
13. Kocieniewski and Melby, “Kushner’s China Deal.”
14. Kocieniewski and Melby, “Kushner’s China Deal.”
15. Trepp Loan Property Detail, “GECMC,” 5.
16. Elizabeth Spiers, “The Big Dick Mack Story,” Elizabeth Spiers, July 7, 2016, https://web.archive.org/web/20160712144349/http://www.elizabethspiers.com/the-big-dick-mack-story/.
17. Sarah Ellison, “How Jared Kushner Became Donald Trump’s Mini-Me,” Vanity Fair, July 7, 2016, https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2016/07/jared-kushner-donald-trump-mini-me.
18. Trepp Loan Property Detail, “GECMC,” 5.
19. Kocieniewski and Melby, “Kushner’s China Deal.”
20. David M. Levitt, “Kushner Reworks Debt on NYC’s 666 Fifth Ave. with Vornado,” Bloomberg, December 16, 2011, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2011–12–16/kushner-refinances-record-setting-manhattan-tower-as-vornado-takes-a-stake.
21. Kocieniewski and Melby, “Kushner’s China Deal.”
22. Kushner Companies promotional booklet, 2018, obtained by author.
23. Alec MacGillis, “Jared Kushner’s Other Real Estate Empire in Baltimore,” New York Times Magazine, May 23, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/23/magazine/jared-kushners-other-real-estate-empire.html.
24. Brad Berton, “Kushner Comes Back,” Multifamily Executive, October 15, 2012, https://www.multifamilyexecutive.com/business-finance/transactions/kushner-comes-back_o.
25. Oshrat Carmiel, “NYC Apartment Investors Seek Big Returns by Buying Small,” Bloomberg, March 20, 2013, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2013-03-20/nyc-apartment-investors-seek-big-returns-by-buying-small.
26. Kim Barker, “Behind New York’s Housing Crisis: Weakened Laws and Fragmented Regulation,” New York Times, May 20, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/05/20/nyregion/affordable-housing-nyc.html.
27. Carmiel, “NYC Apartment Investors."
28. Jesse Drucker, “Bribe Cases, a Jared Kushner Partner and Potential Conflicts,” New York Times, April 26, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/26/us/politics/jared-kushner-beny-steinmetz.html.
29. Rey Mashayekhi, “Israeli Investors Retreated from NYC Real Estate in 2016: Report,” Commercial Observer, March 30, 2017, https://commercialobserver.com/2017/03/israeli-investors-retreated-from-nyc-real-estate-in-2016-report/.
30. World Bank, “Israel,” World Bank Open Data, accessed August 13, 2019, https://data.worldbank.org/country/israel.
31. Drucker, “Bribe Cases.”
32. MacGillis, “Other Real Estate Empire.”
33. Bernard Condon, “Kushner Cos. Filed False NYC Housing Paperwork,” Associated Press, March 18, 2018, https://apnews.com/002703e70347481cb993027d04f543cc.
34. Jared Kushner, remarks at TerraCRG Commercial Realty Group’s “Only Brooklyn. The Brooklyn Real Estate Summit,” May 6, 2014, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vrduuwybf8w.
35. “Behind the Bricks,” YouTube.
36. “Jared Kushner and LIVWRK In Contract to Buy Big Gowanus Property,” Brownstoner, June 18, 2014, https://www.brownstoner.com/real-estate-market/jared-kushner-and-livwrk-in-contract-to-buy-big-gowanus-property/.
37. Jonathan Van Meter, “Ivanka Trump Knows What It Means to Be a Modern Millennial,” Vogue, February 25, 2015, https://www.vogue.com/article/ivanka-trump-collection-the-apprentice-family.
38. The Editors, “Sick Politics,” New York Observer, January 22, 2013, https://observer.com/2013/01/sick-politics/.
39. The Editors, “It’s the Economy, Silly,” New York Observer, February 19, 2013, https://observer.com/2013/02/its-the-economy-silly/.
17. THE MERGER
1. Donald J. Trump and the Trump Organization v. Eric T. Schneiderman, complaint to the New York State Joint Commission on Public Ethics (JCOPE), filed December 2, 2013.
2. Eric T. Schneiderman, JCOPE complaint, 11.
3. Calculated by the author with data from OpenSecrets.org, NJ Elect, and New York State Board of Elections campaign finance databases.
4. Eric T. Schneiderman, JCOPE complaint, 20.
5. “ANOTHER big day for the Zuckerbergs: Newlyweds attend wedding of New York’s gay power couple (and fellow Facebook founder),” Daily Mail, July 2, 2012.
6. Eric T. Schneiderman, JCOPE complaint, 22.
7. People of the State of New York by Eric T. Schneiderman v. Trump Entrepreneur Initiative, Index No. 451463/2013, complaint, August 24, 2013.
8. David Grandeau, interviewed by author, September 2016.
9. William D. Cohan, “Big Hair on Campus,” Vanity Fair, December 3, 2013, https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2014/01/trump-university-fraud-scandal.
10. Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump), Twitter, December 3, 2013, https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/407838490056196096.
11. Michael Craig, “The Politics and Power of A.G. Schneiderman,” New York Observer, February 25, 2014, https://observer.com/2014/02/the-politics-and-power-of-a-g-schneiderman/.
12. Jane Mayer and Ronan Farrow, “Four Women Accuse New York’s Attorney General of Physical Abuse,” New Yorker, May 7, 2018, https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/four-women-accuse-new-yorks-attorney-general-of-physical-abuse.
13. Ravi Somaiya, “A New York Observer Article Brings a Spat in Trump’s Orbit,” New York Times, February 26, 2014, https://www.nytimes.com/2014/02/27/business/media/a-new-york-observer-article-brings-a-spat-in-trumps-orbit.html.
14. Andrew Kaczynski, “Newspaper Denies Attorney General Profile Is Donald Trump’s Revenge,” BuzzFeed News, February 25, 2014, https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/andrewkaczynski/observer-denies-attorney-general-profile-is-donald-trumps-re.
15. Michael Kranish and Jonathan O’Connell, “Kushner’s White House Role ‘Crushed’ Efforts to Woo Investors for NYC Tower,” Washington Post, September 13, 2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/kushners-white-house-role-crushed-efforts-to-woo-investors-for-nyc-tower/2017/09/13/723a9732-82c8-11e7-ab27-1a21a8e006ab_story.html.
16. Kranish and O’Connell, “Kushner’s White House Role.”
17. John Schmid, “Deutsche Bank Linked to Auschwitz Funding,” New York Times, February 5, 1999, https://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/05/news/deutsche-bank-linked-to-auschwitz-funding.html; Dave Davies, interview with David Enrich, “Deutsche Bank Is the ‘Rosetta Stone’ to Unlock Trump Finances, Journalist Says,” Fresh Air, May 9, 2019, https://www.npr.org/2019/05/09/721723204/deutsche-bank-is-the-rosetta-stone-to-unlock-trump-finances-journalist-says.
18. David Enrich, “A Mar-a-Lago Weekend and an Act of God: Trump’s History with Deutsche Bank,” New York Times, March 18, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/18/business/trump-deutsche-bank.html.
19. Andrea Bernstein and Heather Vogell, “Trump and Deutsche Bank: It’s Complicated,” Trump, Inc., May 22, 2019, https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/trump-inc-trump-deutsche-bank-its-complicated.
20. Donald J. Trump et al. v. Deutsche Bank Trust et al., No. 026841/2008, Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of Queens, complaint, filed November 3, 2008.
21. Jacqueline S. Gold, “Duo Make Private Bank Jewel in B of A’s Crown,” American Banker, March 24, 1999, https://www.americanbanker.com/news/duo-make-private-bank-jewel-in-b-of-as-crown.
22. Monte Burke, “How Ivanka Trump Got the Doral Resort (and the Blue Monster) for a Bargain Basement Price and Had a Baby at the Same Time,” Forbes, March 6, 2013, https://www.forbes.com/sites/monteburke/2013/03/06/how-ivanka-trump-got-the-doral-resort-and-the-blue-monster-for-a-bargain-basement-price-and-had-a-baby-at-the-same-time/#1ee04841525d.
23. Drew Harwell, “Why America Fell Out of Love with Golf,” Washington Post, March 5, 2015, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/03/05/why-america-fell-out-of-love-with-golf/.
24. Motion to approve entry of sale in connection with Doral Golf Resort & Spa, document #732, filed October 18, 2011, MSR Resort Golf Course LLC, No. 11–10372-shl, (Bankr. S.D.N.Y.).
25. Bernstein and Vogell, “Trump and Deutsche Bank.”
26. Carl Gaines, “Deutsche Bank’s Rosemary Vrablic and Private Banking’s Link to CRE Finance,” Commercial Observer, February 6, 2013, https://commercialobserver.com/2013/02/deutsche-banks-rosemary-vrablic-and-private-bankings-link-to-cre-finance/.
27. Enrich, “Mar-a-Lago Weekend.”
28. Jonathan O’Connell, David A. Fahrenthold, and Jack Gillum, “As the ‘King of Debt,’ Trump Borrowed to Build His Empire. Then He Began Spending Hundreds of Millions in Cash,” Washington Post, May 5, 2018, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/as-the-king-of-debt-trump-borrowed-to-build-his-empire-then-he-began-spending-hundreds-of-millions-in-cash/2018/05/05/28fe54b4-44c4-11e8-8569-26fda6b404c7_story.html.
29. Enrich, “Mar-a-Lago Weekend.”
30. Bill Littlefield, “A Day (and a Cheeseburger) with President Trump,” WBUR, May 5, 2017, https://www.wbur.org/onlyagame/2017/05/05/james-dodson-donald-trump-golf.
31. US General Services Administration, “GSA Selects the Trump Organization as Preferred Developer for DC’s Old Post Office,” news release, February 7, 2012, https://www.gsa.gov/about-us/newsroom/news-releases/gsa-selects-the-trump-organization-as-preferred-developer-for-dcs-old-post-office.
32. Stephen M. Ryan and James W. Kim, McDermott, Will and Emery, protest binder, filed with GSA, April 16, 2012, made available under the Freedom of Information Act.
33. Jonathan O’Connell, “How the Trumps Landed the Old Post Office Pavilion,” Washington Post, August 17, 2012, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/how-the-trumps-landed-the-old-post-office-pavilion/2012/08/17/54cbf1da-bbdd-11e1–9134-f33232e6dafa_story.html.
34. Jan deRoos, HVS Professor of Hotel Finance and Real Estate at the Cornell SC Johnson College of Business, analysis supplied to author, March 2019.
35. Aram Roston, documents obtained for BuzzFeed News, from his FOIA appeal: Exhibit G. Form of Ownership Affidavit / Organizational Chart, Affidavit Composition of Tenant (Trump Old Post Office, LLC), n.d., https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3000979-Exhibit-G-After-FOIA-APPEAL.html.
36. Caleb Melby and David Kocieniewski, “Debt, Conflict and Vacancy Imperil Kushners’ Times Square Dream,” Bloomberg, June 25, 2019, https://www.bloomberg.com/graphics/2019-kushner-times-square-property-development/.
37. Consent order, January 30, 2017, In the Matter of Deutsche Bank AG and Deutsche Bank AG New York Branch, New York State Department of Financial Services.
38. Consent order, Deutsche Bank.
39. David Enrich, interviewed by author for Trump, Inc., April 2019.
40. David Enrich, Jesse Drucker, and Ben Protess, “Trump Sought a Loan During the 2016 Campaign. Deutsche Bank Said No.,” New York Times, February 2, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/02/business/trump-deutsche-bank.html.
41. David Enrich, “Deutsche Bank Staff Saw Suspicious Activity in Trump and Kushner Accounts,” New York Times, May 19, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/19/business/deutsche-bank-trump-kushner.html.
42. Jared Kushner, interviewed by Jonathan Swan, Axios on HBO, season 2, episode 1, June 2, 2019.
43. Ivanka Trump (@ivankatrump), “Kisses from St. Petersburg!” Instagram, February 1, 2014, https://www.instagram.com/p/j4OmmbCkKk/?hl=en.
44. Ellie Hall, Susie Armitage, and Chris Geidner, “Here’s the History Behind the Trumps, the Russian Pop Singer, and His Billionaire Father,” BuzzFeed News, July 12, 2017, https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/ellievhall/the-russian-connection.
45. Ivanka Trump (@ivankatrump), “Thank you @mamasinthebuilding for an unforgettable four days in Russia!, ” Instagram, February 5, 2014, https://www.instagram.com/p/kBmFGdCkP4/.
46. Calculated by the author with data from OpenSecrets.org; Max de Haldevang, “Major GOP Donor Len Blavatnik Had Business Ties to a Russian Official,” Quartz, January 22, 2019, https://qz.com/1521847/major-gop-donor-len-blavatnik-had-business-ties-to-a-russian-official/.
47. Stephanie Baker, Irina Reznik, and Katya Kazakina, “Billionaire Ally of Putin Socialized with Kushner, Ivanka Trump,” Bloomberg, August 18, 2017, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-08-18/billionaire-ally-of-putin-socialized-with-kushner-ivanka-trump.
48. Miriam Elder, “New York Observer Stands By Journalist Who Smeared Kremlin Foes,” BuzzFeed News, March 2, 2015, https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/miriamelder/new-york-observer-stands-by-journalist-who-smeared-kremlin-f.
18. THE INFOMERCIAL
1. “VOTE IVANKA! The Trump in Charge of a Growing American Dynasty,” Town and Country, February 2016 (cover).
2. Nikki Schwab, “Donald Trump Peppers CPAC Speeches with Humblebrags,” US News, March 6, 2014, https://www.usnews.com/news/blogs/washington-whispers/2014/03/06/donald-trump-peppers-cpac-speeches-with-humblebrags.
3. Chuck Todd, Meet the Press, NBC News, January 25, 2015.
4. United States v. Internet Research Agency et al., No. 1:18-cr-00032-DLF (D.C. 2018), indictment, document #1, filed February 16, 2018; Greg Myre, “ ‘Putin’s Chef’ Has His Fingers in Many Pies, Critics Say,” NPR, January 30, 2019, https://www.npr.org/2019/01/30/685622639/putins-chef-has-his-fingers-in-many-pies-critics-say.
5. Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, “FinCEN Fines Trump Taj Mahal Casino Resort $10 Million for Significant and Long Standing Anti-Money Laundering Violations,” news release, March 6, 2015, https://www.fincen.gov/news/news-releases/fincen-fines-trump-taj-mahal-casino-resort-10-million-significant-and-long.
6. “Donald Trump presidential campaign announcement,” C-SPAN, June 16, 2015, https://www.c-span.org/video/?326473-1/donald-trump-presidential-campaign-announcement.
7. “Polls: 2016 Republican Presidential Nomination,” RealClearPolitics, 2016, https://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2016/president/us/2016_republican_presidential_nomination-3823.html.
8. “Michael Cohen Testimony Before House Oversight Committee,” February 27, 2019, C-SPAN, https://www.c-span.org/video/transcript/?id=57772.
9. Andrew McCabe, interviewed by Andrea Bernstein and Heather Vogell in “Former FBI Deputy Chief Andrew McCabe and Trump, Inc. Compare Notes,” Trump, Inc., May 29, 2019, https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/trump-inc-former-fbi-director-andrew-mccabe-compare-notes.
10. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Deposition of: Michael Cohen (Washington, DC: February 28, 2019), 28, https://docs.house.gov/meetings/IG/IG00/20190520/109549/HMTG-116-IG00-20190520-SD002.pdf.
11. “Cohen Testimony Before House Oversight.”
12. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Part 2, Deposition of: Michael Cohen (Washington, DC: March 6, 2019), 68, https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/6019075/HMTG-116-IG00-20190520-SD001-1.pdf.
13. Donald Trump, interviewed by John Sweeney in “Donald Trump Sued Over Failed Florida Deal,” BBC, July 8, 2013, https://www.bbc.com/news/av/uk-23205781/donald-trump-sued-over-failed-florida-deal.
14. “Interview of: Donald J. Trump, Jr.,” testimony before Senate Judiciary Committee, September 7, 2017, US Senate, https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Trump%20Jr%20Transcript_redacted.pdf.
15. Search Warrant in the Matter of the Search of Four Premises and Two Electronic Devices, case No. 18-MAG 2969 (S.D.N.Y.), April 8, 2018.
16. Azeen Ghorayshi, Emma Loop, Jason Leopold, and Anthony Cormier, “These Secret Files Show How the Trump Tower Moscow Talks Unfolded while Trump Heaped Praise on Putin,” BuzzFeed News, February 5, 2019, https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/azeenghorayshi/trump-tower-moscow-the-secret-files-cohen-sater-putin.
17. Heather Vogell, Andrea Bernstein, and Meg Cramer, “Trump’s Moscow Tower Problem,” Trump, Inc., March 21, 2019, https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/trumpinc/episodes/trump-inc-trump-moscow-tower-problem.
18. Trump Acquisition, LLC, and I.C. Expert Investment Company, letter of intent, October 28, 2015, included in the “Trump Moscow” documents obtained by BuzzFeed News, 163–69.
19. Ghorayshi et al., “These Secret Files.”
20. “Third Republican Primary Debate - Main Stage - October 28 2015 on CNBC,” YouTube, posted by US Presidential Debates, January 28, 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wpCOloV3DZk.
21. Luke Harding, Collusion: Secret Meetings, Dirty Money, and How Russia Helped Donald Trump Win (New York: Vintage Books, 2017), 310.
22. Michael Cohen and Felix Sater, email correspondence, October 2015, included in the “Trump Moscow” documents obtained by BuzzFeed News, 69, 202.
23. “Cohen Testimony Before House Oversight.”
24. United States v. Michael Cohen, No. 1:18-cr-00850 (S.D.N.Y.), criminal information, November 29, 2018.
25. Special Counsel Robert S. Mueller III, Report on the Investigation into Russian Interference in the 2016 Presidential Election, vol. 1 (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, March 2019), 72–73.
26. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 70.
27. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 76.
28. Jeff Horwitz, “Trump Picked Stock Fraud Felon as Senior Adviser,” Associated Press, December 4, 2015, https://apnews.com/29c255c0b69a48258ecae69a61612537.
29. Vogell et al., “Trump’s Moscow Tower Problem.”
30. Michael Cohen to Felix Sater, text message, December 30, 2015, included in the “Trump Moscow” documents obtained by BuzzFeed News, 231.
31. Cohen, November 29, 2018, criminal information.
32. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 75.
33. Felix Sater to Michael Cohen, text message included in the “Trump Moscow” documents obtained by BuzzFeed News, 242.
34. United States v. Netyksho et al., No. 1:18-cr-00215 (D.C.), indictment, document #1, filed July 13, 2018, https://www.justice.gov/file/1080281/download.
35. Steven Bertoni, “Exclusive Interview: How Jared Kushner Won Trump the White House,” Forbes, November 22, 2016, https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevenbertoni/2016/11/22/exclusive-interview-how-jared-kushner-won-trump-the-white-house/#4313d1413af624.
36. Patrick Healy and Michael Barbaro, “Donald Trump Calls for Barring Muslims from Entering U.S.,” New York Times, December 7, 2015, https://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2015/12/07/donald-trump-calls-for-banning-muslims-from-entering-u-s/.
37. Gabriel Sherman, “Operation Trump: Inside the Most Unorthodox Campaign in Political History,” New York, April 3, 2016, http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2016/04/inside-the-donald-trump-presidential-campaign.html.
38. “Read Jared Kushner’s Prepared Remarks,” New York Times, July 24, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/07/24/us/politics/document-Read-Jared-Kushner-s-Statement-to-Congressional.html.
39. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 103–4.
40. Kushner Companies, “660 Fifth Avenue,” promotional booklet, obtained by author.
41. “Transcript: Donald Trump’s Foreign Policy Speech,” New York Times, April 27, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/28/us/politics/transcript-trump-foreign-policy.html.
42. “Jared Kushner’s Prepared Remarks.”
43. Indictment, Netyksho.
44. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 81.
19. BIG CAVIAR
1. Paul Manafort, “TPs for Trump Conversation,” February 2016, published in “Read the Job Application Memo Manafort Sent to Trump,” New York Times, October 31, 2007, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/10/31/us/politics/document-manafort-trump-application.html.
2. Special Counsel Robert S. Mueller III, Report on the Investigation into Russian Interference in the 2016 Presidential Election, vol. 1 (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, March 2019), 135.
3. “TPs for Trump Conversation.”
4. Paul Manafort, interviewed in Get Me Roger Stone directed by Dylan Bank, Daniel DiMauro, and Morgan Pehme (Los Gatos, CA: Netflix, 2017).
5. Glenn Thrush, “To Charm Trump, Paul Manafort Sold Himself as an Affordable Outsider,” New York Times, April 8, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/08/us/to-charm-trump-paul-manafort-sold-himself-as-an-affordable-outsider.html.
6. Alexander Burns and Maggie Haberman, “Donald Trump Hires Paul Manafort to Lead Delegation Effort,” New York Times, March 28, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/politics/first-draft/2016/03/28/donald-trump-hires-paul-manafort-to-lead-delegate-effort/.
7. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 135.
8. In the Matter of Section 36(3) of the Exempted Limited Partnership Law, 2014, and in the Matter of Pericles Emerging Market Partners, L.P., Cause No. FSD 0131 of 2014, (Grand Court of the Cayman Islands, Financial Services Division, December 9, 2014), 12.
9. Franklin Foer, “The Plot Against America,” Atlantic, March 2018, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2018/03/paul-manafort-american-hustler/550925/.
10. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 77.
11. Michael Cohen, testimony before US House Oversight and Reform Committee, February 27, 2019, https://www.c-span.org/video/?458125-1/michael-cohen-president-trump-he-racist-con-man-cheat.
12. Felix Sater to Michael Cohen, text message, May 4, 2016, included in the “Trump Moscow” documents obtained by BuzzFeed News, 258–65.
13. Chris Christie with Ellis Henican, Let Me Finish: Trump, the Kushners, Bannon, New Jersey, and the Power of In-Your-Face Politics (New York: Hachette, 2019), 244.
14. Christie, Let Me Finish, 251.
15. Ashley Parker and Alan Rappeport, “Donald Trump Has Delegate Majority for Republican Nomination, The A.P. Says,” New York Times, May 26, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/27/us/politics/donald-trump-republican-nomination.html.
16. US House Oversight Committee Report, Corporate and Foreign Interests Behind White House Push to Transfer U.S. Nuclear Technology to Saudi Arabia, (Washington, DC: House Oversight Committee, July 2019), 14–16.
17. Tom Barrack and Yousef al Otaiba, email correspondence, obtained by author.
18. Donald Trump Jr. and Rob Goldstone, email correspondence, June 3–8, 2016, released by Donald Trump Jr. (@DonaldJTrumpJr) on Twitter July 11, 2017, published in “Read the Emails on Donald Trump Jr.’s Russia Meeting,” New York Times, July 11, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/07/11/us/politics/donald-trump-jr-email-text.html.
19. United States General Accounting Office, Report to the Ranking Minority Member, Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate; Suspicious Banking Activities: Possible Money Laundering by U.S. Corporations Formed for Russian Entities (Washington, DC: US General Accounting Office, October 2000), https://www.gao.gov/new.items/d01120.pdf.
20. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 67–68.
21. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 184.
22. Felix Sater to Michael Cohen, text message, June 9, 2016, included in the “Trump Moscow” documents obtained by BuzzFeed News, 266.
23. Ellen Nakashima, “Russian Government Hackers Penetrated DNC, Stole Opposition Research on Trump,” Washington Post, June 14, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/russian-government-hackers-penetrated-dnc-stole-opposition-research-on-trump/2016/06/14/cf006cb4-316e-11e6-8ff7-7b6c1998b7a0_story.html.
24. “Campaign Chair Denies Financial Relationship between Trump and Russia,” YouTube, from CBS This Morning, season 5, episode 179, aired July 27, 2016, posted by Daily Kos, June 15, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e0WudY0RM1I.
25. Ken Kurson, “Breaking: Key Bridgegate Figure to Accept Guilty Plea,” Observer, July 5, 2016, https://observer.com/2016/07/breaking-key-bridgegate-figure-to-accept-guilty-plea/.
26. Anti-Defamation League, “ADL Urges Donald Trump to Reconsider ‘America First’ in Foreign Policy Approach,” news release, April 28, 2016, https://www.adl.org/news/press-releases/adl-urges-donald-trump-to-reconsider-america-first-in-foreign-policy-approach.
27. Dana Schwartz, “An Open Letter to Jared Kushner, From One of Your Jewish Employees,” New York Observer, July 5, 2016, https://observer.com/2016/07/an-open-letter-to-jared-kushner-from-one-of-your-jewish-employees/.
28. Jared Kushner, “The Donald Trump I Know,” New York Observer, July 6, 2016, https://observer.com/2016/07/jared-kushner-the-donald-trump-i-know/.
29. Jose A. DelReal, “Kushner’s Cousins Say Family Holocaust Stories Should Have Been Off-Limits in Trump Defense,” Washington Post, July 7, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-politics/wp/2016/07/07/kushners-cousins-say-family-holocaust-stories-should-have-been-off-limits-in-trump-defense/.
30. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 137
31. “Transcript: Donald Trump at the G.O.P. Convention,” New York Times, July 22, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/22/us/politics/trump-transcript-rnc-address.html.
32. Special Counsel Robert S. Mueller III, Report on the Investigation into Russian Interference in the 2016 Presidential Election, vol. 2 (Washington, DC: March 2019), 19.
33. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 138–39.
34. Guy Faulconbridge, Anna Dabrowska, and Stephen Grey, “Toppled ‘Mafia’ President Cost Ukraine Up to $100 Billion, Prosecutor Says,” Reuters, April 30, 2014, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-crisis-yanukovich/toppled-mafia-president-cost-ukraine-up-to-100-billion-prosecutor-says-idUSBREA3T0K820140430.
35. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 140.
36. United States v. Paul Manafort Jr., No. 1:17-cr-00201 (D.C. 2017), transcript of sealed hearing, February 4, 2019.
37. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 141.
20. DIRT
1. Andrew E. Kramer, Mike McIntire, and Barry Meier, “Secret Ledger in Ukraine Lists Cash for Donald Trump’s Campaign Chief,” New York Times, August 14, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/15/us/politics/paul-manafort-ukraine-donald-trump.html.
2. United States v. Roger Jason Stone, Jr., Case No. 1:19-cr-00018-ABJ (D.C., January 24, 2019), indictment.
3. Special Counsel Robert S. Mueller III, Report on the Investigation into Russian Interference in the 2016 Presidential Election (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, March 2019), vol. 1, 54.
4. David A. Fahrenthold, “Trump Recorded Having Extremely Lewd Conversation about Women in 2005,” Washington Post, October 8, 2016, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-recorded-having-extremely-lewd-conversation-about-women-in-2005/2016/10/07/3b9ce776-8cb4-11e6-bf8a-3d26847eeed4_story.html.
5. Roger Jason Stone, Jr., indictment, 9.
6. Michael Barbaro and Megan Twohey, “Crossing the Line: How Donald Trump Behaved With Women in Private,” New York Times, May 14, 2016, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/15/us/politics/donald-trump-women.html.
7. “Ivanka Trump ‘bothered’ by NYT story on her father,” YouTube, from CBS This Morning, season 5, episode 118, aired May 17, 2016, posted by CBS This Morning, May 18, 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DNQPeT0ZFRQ.
8. Ivanka Trump (@IvankaTrump), “Shop Ivanka’s look from her #RNC speech: http://bit.ly/29Qj7dE #RNCinCLE,” Twitter, July 22, 2016, https://twitter.com/IvankaTrump/status/756492146484580352.
9. Nicole Puglise, “How Ivanka Trump Used the Republican Convention as a Fashion Show,” The Guardian, July 23, 2016, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jul/23/ivanka-trump-republican-convention-fashion.
10. “Transcript of the Second Debate,” New York Times, October 10, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/10/us/politics/transcript-second-debate.html.
11. “Watch Ivanka Trump at Fortune’s MPW Summit,” Fortune, October 19, 2016, http://fortune.com/video/2016/10/19/ivanka-trump-mpw-summit/.
12. Ronan Farrow, “Donald Trump, a Playboy Model, and a System for Concealing Infidelity,” New Yorker, February 16, 2018, https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/donald-trump-a-playboy-model-and-a-system-for-concealing-infidelity-national-enquirer-karen-mcdougal.
13. Aaron Blake, “The Trump–Michael Cohen Tape Transcript, Annotated,” Washington Post, July 24, 2018, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2018/07/24/the-trump-michael-cohen-tape-transcript-annotated/.
14. “Michael Cohen Testimony Before House Oversight and Reform Committee,” C-SPAN, February 27, 2019, https://www.c-span.org/video/transcript/?id=57772.
15. United States v. Michael Cohen, No. 1:18-cr-00602 (S.D.N.Y.), criminal information, filed August 21, 2018, 16.
16. “Cohen Testimony Before House Oversight,” February 27, 2019.
17. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 149.
18. Michael Lewis, The Fifth Risk (New York: W. W. Norton, 2018), 21.
19. Chris Christie, Let Me Finish: Trump, the Kushners, Bannon, New Jersey, and the Power of In-Your-Face Politics (New York: Hachette, 2019), 7.
20. Christie, Let Me Finish, 8.
21. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 146.
22. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 156–59.
23. “Read Jared Kushner’s Prepared Remarks,” New York Times, July 24, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/07/24/us/politics/document-Read-Jared-Kushner-s-Statement-to-Congressional.html.
24. “Kushner’s Prepared Remarks.”
25. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 160.
26. “Kushner’s Prepared Remarks.”
27. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 161.
28. “Kushner’s Prepared Remarks.”
29. David Filipov, Amy Brittain, Rosalind S. Helderman, and Tom Hamburger, “Explanations for Kushner’s Meeting with Head of Kremlin-Linked Bank Don’t Match Up,” Washington Post, June 1, 2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/explanations-for-kushners-meeting-with-head-of-kremlin-linked-bank-dont-match-up/2017/06/01/dd1bdbb0-460a-11e7-bcde-624ad94170ab_story.html.
30. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 161–62.
31. “Kushner’s Prepared Remarks.”
21. TRUMP, INC.
1. “Interview of: Glenn Simpson,” testimony before US Senate Judiciary Committee, August 22, 2017, https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4345537-Fusion-GPS-Simpson-Transcript.html.
2. Christopher Steele, “Company Intelligence Report 2016/080; US Presidential Election: Republican Candidate Donald Trump’s Activities in Russia . . . ,” memorandum, June 20, 2016, https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3259984-Trump-Intelligence-Allegations.html, released with Ken Bensinger, Miriam Elder, and Mark Schoofs, “These Reports Allege Trump Has Deep Ties to Russia,” BuzzFeed News, January 10, 2017, https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/kenbensinger/these-reports-allege-trump-has-deep-ties-to-russia.
3. Michael Isikoff and David Corn, Russian Roulette: The Inside Story of Putin’s War on America and the Election of Donald Trump (New York: Twelve, 2018), x.
4. Masha Gessen, “The Putin Paradigm,” New York Review of Books, December 13, 2016, https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2016/12/13/putin-paradigm-how-trump-will-rule/.
5. Andrea Bernstein, Ilya Marritz, and Eric Umansky, “Trump’s ‘No Conflict Situation,’ ” Trump, Inc., February 7, 2018, https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/no-conflict-solution-trump-inc.
6. Jonathan Lemire, “What Was in those Folders at Donald Trump’s Press Conference?,” Boston Globe, January 12, 2017, https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/2017/01/12/what-was-those-folders-donald-trump-press-conference/BVq5qgRjAKk2rpICgQEOTN/story.html.
7. Zephyr Teachout, interviewed by author and Ilya Marritz, January 2018.
8. James Comey, A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership (New York: Flatiron Books, 2018), 258.
9. Gessen, “The Putin Paradigm.”
10. Susanne Craig, Jo Becker, and Jesse Drucker, “Jared Kushner, a Trump In-Law and Adviser, Chases a Chinese Deal,” New York Times, January 7, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/07/us/politics/jared-kushner-trump-business.html.
11. Emily Rauhala and William Wan, “In a Beijing Ballroom, Kushner Family Pushes $500,000 ‘Investor Visa’ to Wealthy Chinese,” Washington Post, May 6, 2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/in-a-beijing-ballroom-kushner-family-flogs-500000-investor-visa-to-wealthy-chinese/2017/05/06/cf711e53-eb49-4f9a-8dea-3cd836fcf287_story.html.
12. Jared Kushner, “Executive Branch Personnel, Public Financial Disclosure Report” OGE Form 278e, (Washington, DC, Office of Government Ethics, 2018 [filed May 15, 2018]), 2.
13. United States v. W. Samuel Patten, No. 1:18-cr-00260 (D.C.), criminal information, filed August 31, 2018.
14. Ilya Marritz and Justin Elliott, “Trump’s Inauguration Paid Trump’s Company—With Ivanka in the Middle,” ProPublica, December 14, 2018, https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-inc-podcast-trumps-inauguration-paid-trumps-company-with-ivanka-in-the-middle.
15. Emily Jane Fox, “ ‘I Am Disgusted’: Behind the Scenes of Trump’s Increasingly Scrutinized $107 Million Inauguration,” Vanity Fair, February 7, 2019, https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2019/02/behind-the-scenes-of-trumps-107-million-inauguration.
16. Marritz and Elliott, “Trump’s Inauguration.”
17. Sharon LaFraniere, Maggie Haberman, and Adam Goldman, “Trump Inaugural Fund and Super PAC Said to Be Scrutinized for Illegal Foreign Donations,” New York Times, December 13, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/13/us/politics/trump-inauguration-investigation.html.
18. United States v. Stephen M. Calk, 1:19-cr-0366 (S.D.N.Y), May 21, 2019, indictment.
19. Marritz and Elliott, “Trump’s Inauguration.”
20. Craig Timberg, Rosalind S. Helderman, Andrew Roth, and Carol D. Leonnig, “In the Crowd at Trump’s Inauguration, Members of Russia’s Elite Anticipated a Thaw between Moscow and Washington,” Washington Post, January 20, 2018, https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/amid-trumps-inaugural-festivities-members-of-russias-elite-anticipated-a-thaw-between-moscow-and-washington/2018/01/20/0d767f46-fb9f-11e7-ad8c-ecbb62019393_story.html.
21. “The Inaugural Address,” The White House, January 20, 2017, https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/the-inaugural-address/.
22. Noah Bookbinder, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington, “Re: Jared Kushner’s Potential Conflict of Interest from Cadre,” letter to Hon. Walter M. Shaub Jr., July 6, 2017, https://s3.amazonaws.com/storage.citizensforethics.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/06023725/OGE-Letter-Kushner-7-6-17.pdf.
23. Charles Kushner and Laurent Morali, interviewed by Will Parker and Konrad Putzier in “Kushner, Unfiltered,” Real Deal, June 1, 2018, https://therealdeal.com/issues_articles/kushner-unfiltered/.
24. Justin Elliott and Al Shaw, “White House Power Player Jared Kushner is Keeping Parts of His Real Estate Empire,” ProPublica, February 24, 2017, https://www.propublica.org/article/white-house-power-player-jared-kushner-keeping-parts-of-real-estate-empire.
25. Jesse Drucker, Kate Kelly, and Ben Protess, “Kushner’s Family Business Received Loans after White House Meetings,” New York Times, February 28, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/28/business/jared-kushner-apollo-citigroup-loans.html.
26. Telis Demos and Erica Orden, “Citi Says Kushner Cos. Loan Was ‘Completely Appropriate,’ ” Wall Street Journal, March 21, 2018, https://www.wsj.com/articles/citi-says-kushner-cos-loan-was-completely-appropriate-1521644913.
27. Drucker, Kelly, and Protess, “Kushner’s Family Business.”
28. Kristina Webb, “Comparing Dinners: What Trump and Obama served Xi on Visits to U.S.,” Palm Beach Post, April 12, 2017, http://postonpolitics.blog.mypalmbeachpost.com/2017/04/12/comparing-dinners-what-trump-and-obama-served-xi-on-visits-to-u-s/.
29. Ivanka Trump (@IvankaTrump), “Very proud of Arabella and Joseph for their performance in honor of President Xi Jinping and Madame Peng Liyuan’s official visit to the US!,” Twitter, April 7, 2017, https://twitter.com/i/web/status/850488492828360704.
30. Ivanka Trump (@ivankatrump), “Very proud of Arabella and Joseph for their performance in honor of President Xi Jinping and Madame Peng Liyuan’s official visit to the United States. 欢迎 (welcome)!,” Instagram, April 7, 2017, https://www.instagram.com/p/BSmgFKIl2M6/.
31. Erika Kinetz, “Ivanka’s Biz Prospers as Politics Mixes with Business,” Associated Press, April 19, 2017, https://apnews.com/d9e34f23a64947d99e4a7d757012c509.
32. Anjali Kamat, “Political Corruption and the Art of the Deal,” New Republic, March 21, 2018, https://newrepublic.com/article/147351/political-corruption-art-deal; Andrea Bernstein, Eric Umansky, and Anjali Kamat, “Former Indian Official: Donald Trump Jr. Pushed ‘Blatantly Illegal’ Project, Trump, Inc., March 21, 2018, https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/trumpinc/episodes/trump-inc-podcast-former-indian-official-donald-trump-jr-pushed-blatantly-illegal-project.
33. “Hyderabad: Ivanka Trump Energetic Speech Live From HICC | Global Entrepreneurship Summit,” YouTube, posted by RAJ News Telugu, November 28, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmFn1A969MI.
34. Bernstein, Umansky, and Kamat, “Former Indian Official.”
35. “Ivanka Trump: ‘We’re Going to Deliver Historic Tax Reforms & It’s Going to Happen Before Christmas,’ ” YouTube, from Fox and Friends episode dated December 18, 2017, posted by Fox News Insider, December 18, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kZfnFBJkfkQ.
36. Ivanka Trump interview, Fox and Friends, aired December 21, 2017.
37. Jesse Drucker and Alan Rappeport, “The Tax Bill’s Winners and Losers,” New York Times, December 16, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/16/business/the-winners-and-losers-in-the-tax-bill.html.
38. Kim Soffen and Reuben Fischer-Baum, “10 Key Takeaways from the Republican Tax Bill,” Washington Post, December 20, 2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2017/business/tax-bill-overview/.
39. James Tankersley, “Budget Deficit Jumps Nearly 17% in 2018,” New York Times, October 15, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/15/us/politics/federal-deficit-2018-trump-tax-cuts.html.
22. “A TERRIBLE SITUATION”
1. 
Al Akhbar, December 6, 2018, cited in David D. Kirkpatrick, Ben Hubbard, Mark Landler, and Mark Mazzetti, “The Wooing of Jared Kushner: How the Saudis Got a Friend in the White House,” New York Times, December 8, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/08/world/middleeast/saudi-mbs-jared-kushner.html.
2. David D. Kirkpatrick, “The Most Powerful Arab Ruler Isn’t M.B.S. It’s M.B.Z.,” New York Times, June 2, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/02/world/middleeast/crown-prince-mohammed-bin-zayed.html.
3. Dexter Filkins, “A Saudi Prince’s Quest to Remake the Middle East,” New Yorker, April 2, 2018, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/04/09/a-saudi-princes-quest-to-remake-the-middle-east.
4. Kirkpatrick, “Most Powerful Arab Ruler.”
5. Special Counsel Robert S. Mueller III, Report on the Investigation into Russian Interference in the 2016 Presidential Election, vol. 1 (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, March 2019), 151–56.
6. United States v. George Aref Nader, Case No. 1:18-mj-196, criminal complaint, filed under seal, April 19, 2018, unsealed June 3, 2019.
7. Erik Prince, testimony before US House of Representatives, Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, Washington, DC, November 30, 2017, https://docs.house.gov/meetings/IG/IG00/20171130/106661/HHRG-115-IG00-Transcript-20171130.pdf.
8. Mueller, Report, vol. 1, 156.
9. House Oversight Committee Report, Corporate and Foreign Interests Behind White House Push to Transfer U.S. Nuclear Technology to Saudi Arabia (Washington, DC: House Oversight Committee, July 2019).
10. Kirkpatrick et al., “The Wooing of Jared Kushner.”
11. Shane Harris, Carol D. Leonnig, Greg Jaffe, and Josh Dawsey, “Kushner’s Overseas Contacts Raise Concerns as Foreign Officials Seek Leverage,” Washington Post, February 27, 2018, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/kushners-overseas-contacts-raise-concerns-as-foreign-officials-seek-leverage/2018/02/27/16bbc052-18c3-11e8-942d-16a950029788_story.html.
12. Kirkpatrick et al., “The Wooing of Jared Kushner.”
13. Secretary Rex Tillerson, interviewed by Committee on Foreign Affairs, US House of Representatives, Washington, DC, May 21, 2019, https://foreignaffairs.house.gov/_cache/files/e/7/e7bd0ed2-cf98-4f6d-a473-0406b0c50cde/23A0BEE4DF2B55E9D91259F04A3B22FA.tillerson-transcript-interview-5-21-19.pdf.
14. Filkins, “Saudi Prince’s Quest.”
15. Filkins, “Saudi Prince’s Quest.”
16. David D. Kirkpatrick, “The Kingdom and the Kushners: Jared Went to Riyadh. So Did His Brother,” New York Times, March 21, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/21/world/middleeast/kushner-saudi-arabia.html.
17. David Kocieniewski and Stephanie Baker, “Kushner’s Cadre in Talks with Saudi-Backed SoftBank Fund,” Bloomberg, May 22, 2018, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-05-22/kushners-cadre-startup-said-to-seek-saudi-backed-softbank-funds.
18. Filkins, “Saudi Prince’s Quest.”
19. Adam Entous and Evan Osnos, “Jared Kushner Is China’s Trump Card,” New Yorker, January 19, 2018, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/01/29/jared-kushner-is-chinas-trump-card.
20. Entous and Osnos, “China’s Trump Card.”
21. Harris et al., “Kushner’s Overseas Contacts.”
22. Tillerson interview, May 21, 2019.
23. Laura Strickler, Ken Dilanian, and Peter Alexander, “Officials Rejected Jared Kushner for Top Secret Security Clearance, But Were Overruled,” NBC News, January 24, 2019, https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/officials-rejected-jared-kushner-top-secret-security-clearance-were-overruled-n962221.
24. Ivanka Trump, interviewed by Abby Huntsman in “Ivanka Trump Talks White House Security Clearance Controversy,” ABC News, February 8, 2019, https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/video/ivanka-trump-talks-white-house-security-clearance-controversy-60938538.
25. House Oversight and Reform Committee Chairman Elijah E. Cummings, letter to Counsel to the President Pat Cipollone, April 1, 2019, https://oversight.house.gov/sites/democrats.oversight.house.gov/files/2019-04-01.EEC%20to%20Cipollone-WH%20re%20Security%20Clearances%201.pdf.
26. Staff of the Committee on Oversight and Reform, “Summary of Interview with White House Whistleblower on Security Clearances,” memorandum, April 1, 2019, https://oversight.house.gov/sites/democrats.oversight.house.gov/files/2019-04-01.Memo%20on%20Whisteblower%20Interview%202.pdf.
27. Katie Rogers, Maggie Haberman, and Nicholas Fandos, “Ex–White House Official Says No One Pressured Him to Overturn Security Clearance Recommendations,” New York Times, May 2, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/02/us/politics/carl-kline-security-clearance.html.
28. Jared Kushner, interviewed by Laura Ingraham, Ingraham Angle, aired on Fox News April 1, 2019.
29. David Ignatius, “How the Mysteries of Khashoggi’s Murder Have Rocked the U.S.-Saudi Partnership,” Washington Post, March 29, 2019, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/global-opinions/how-the-mysteries-of-khashoggis-murder-have-rocked-the-us-saudi-partnership/2019/03/29/cf060472-50af-11e9-a3f7-78b7525a8d5f_story.html.
30. Joyce Lee and Dalton Bennett, “The Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi,” Washington Post, April 1, 2019, https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2019/world/assassination-of-jamal-khashoggi-documentary/.
31. Kirkpatrick et al., “Wooing of Jared Kushner.”
32. “Jared Kushner full interview with Van Jones,” CNN, October 22, 2018, https://www.cnn.com/videos/politics/2018/10/22/jared-kushner-full-interview-citizen-by-cnn-van-jones-vpx-sot.cnn.
23. AMERICAN OLIGARCHY
1. Zach Everson, interviewed by author, July 2019.
2. Steven L. Schooner and Daniel I. Gordon, “GSA’s Trump Hotel Lease Debacle,” Government Executive, November 28, 2016, https://www.govexec.com/excellence/promising-practices/2016/11/gsas-trump-hotel-lease-debacle/133424/.
3. Kevin Terry to Donald Trump Jr., letter, March 23, 2017, released pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act.
4. Steven L. Schooner, interviewed by author, March 2019.
5. Office of Inspections and Office of Inspector General, Evaluation of GSA’s Management and Administration of the Old Post Office Building Lease (Washington, DC: US General Services Administration, January 16, 2019), JE-19-002 (redacted), https://www.gsaig.gov/sites/default/files/ipa-reports/JE19-002%20OIG%20EVALUATION%20REPORT-GSA%27s%20Management%20%26%20Administration%20of%20OPO%20Building%20Lease_January%2016%202019_Redacted.pdf.
6. Robert Maguire, interviewed by author, January 2018.
7. Ilya Marritz, Meg Cramer, and Katherine Sullivan, “How a Nigerian Presidential Candidate Hired a Trump Lobbyist and Ended Up in Trump’s Lobby,” Trump, Inc., February 27, 2019, https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/trumpinc/episodes/trump-inc-nigerian-presidential-candidate-hired-trump-lobbyist-trumps-lobby.
8. Dino Grandoni and Juliet Eilperin, “Three Trump Cabinet Members Attended Mining Lobbyist Meeting at Trump International Hotel,” Washington Post, October 5, 2017, https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/10/05/three-trump-cabinet-members-attended-mining-lobbyist-meeting-at-trump-international-hotel/.
9. Ilya Marritz, Justin Elliott, and Zach Everson, “Romanian Prime Minister Is Staying at Trump’s D.C. Hotel,” Trump, Inc. March 25, 2019, https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/trumpinc/episodes/trump-inc-nigerian-presidential-candidate-hired-trump-lobbyist-trumps-lobby.
10. Office of Inspector General, US General Services Administration, Review of GSA’s Revised Plan for the Federal Bureau of Investigation Headquarters Consolidation Project (August 27, 2018), 19, https://www.gsaig.gov/sites/default/files/audit-reports/Review%20of%20GSA%27s%20Revised%20Plan%20for%20the%20FBI%20HQ%20Consolidation%20Project%20REDACTED%20-%20508%20compliant.pdf.
11. Office of Inspector General, Review of GSA’s Revised Plan.
12. Ivanka Trump, “Executive Branch Personnel Public Financial Disclosure Report,” OGE Form 278e (May 15, 2018 and May 14, 2019); Donald J. Trump, “Executive Branch Personnel Public Financial Disclosure Report,” OGE Form 278e (May 15, 2018 and May 15, 2019).
13. Desmond Butler and Tom LoBianco, “The Princes, the President and the Fortune Seekers,” Associated Press, May 21, 2018, https://apnews.com/a3521859cf8d4c199cb9a8567abd2b71/The-princes,-the-president-and-the-fortune-seekers.
14. David D. Kirkpatrick and Mark Mazzetti, “How 2 Gulf Monarchies Sought to Influence the White House,” New York Times, March 21, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/21/us/politics/george-nader-elliott-broidy-uae-saudi-arabia-white-house-influence.html.
15. Justin Elliott, “Trump’s Patron-in-Chief,” ProPublica, October 10, 2018, https://features.propublica.org/trump-inc-podcast/sheldon-adelson-casino-magnate-trump-macau-and-japan/.
16. Justin Elliott and Ilya Marritz, “Trump Inauguration Chief Tom Barrack’s ‘Rules for Success’—Trump, Inc. Podcast,” ProPublica, February 20, 2019, https://www.propublica.org/article/trump-inc-podcast-trump-inauguration-chief-tom-barrack-rules-for-success.
17. Bradley Hope, Tom Wright, and Rebecca Davis O’Brien, “U.S. Probing Whether Malaysian Fugitive Laundered Funds to Pay Chris Christie and Trump Lawyer,” Wall Street Journal, August 29, 2018, https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-probing-whether-malaysian-fugitive-laundered-funds-to-pay-chris-christie-and-trump-lawyer-1535535000.
18. Isaac Arnsdorf, “The Shadow Rulers of the VA,” ProPublica, August 7, 2018, https://www.propublica.org/article/ike-perlmutter-bruce-moskowitz-marc-sherman-shadow-rulers-of-the-va.
19. Lisa Friedman, “The Investigations That Led to Scott Pruitt’s Resignation,” New York Times, April 18, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/18/climate/scott-pruitt-epa-investigations-guide.html.
20. Rachana Pradhan and Dan Diamond, “Federal Auditor Calls for Recouping $341K Tom Price Spent on Flights,” Politico, July 13, 2018, https://www.politico.com/story/2018/07/13/tom-price-auditor-travel-685778.
21. Juliet Eilperin, Josh Dawsey, and Darryl Fears, “Interior Secretary Zinke Resigns amid Investigations,” Washington Post, December 15, 2018, https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/interior-secretary-zinke-resigns-amid-investigations/2018/12/15/481f9104-0077-11e9-ad40-cdfd0e0dd65a_story.html; David Leonhardt and Ian Prasad Philbrick, “Trump’s Corruption: The Definitive List,” New York Times, October 28, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/28/opinion/trump-administration-corruption-conflicts.html.
22. Coral Davenport, “Interior Dept. Opens Ethics Investigation of Its New Chief, David Bernhardt,” New York Times, April 15, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/15/climate/bernhardt-interior-department-ethics-investigation.html.
23. Mike McIntire, Sasha Chavkin, and Martha M. Hamilton, “Commerce Secretary’s Offshore Ties to Putin ‘Cronies,’ ” New York Times, November 5, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/05/world/wilbur-ross-russia.html.
24. Dan Alexander, “Lies, China and Putin: Solving the Mystery of Wilbur Ross’ Missing Fortune,” Forbes, June 18, 2018, https://www.forbes.com/sites/danalexander/2018/06/18/lies-china-and-putin-solving-the-mystery-of-wilbur-ross-missing-fortune-trump-commerce-secretary-cabinet-conflicts-of-interest/#42df47377e87.
25. Sarah Chayes, Thieves of State: Why Corruption Threatens Global Security (New York: W. W. Norton, 2016).
26. Sarah Chayes, interviewed by Andrea Bernstein in “Elliott Broidy’s All-Access Pass,” Trump, Inc., September 26, 2018, https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/trump_inc_elliott_broidy_rise_fall.
24. JUSTICE
1. Robert S. Mueller III, Report on the Investigation into Russian Interference in the 2016 Presidential Election, vol. 2 (Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, March 2019), 78.
2. Mueller, Report, vol. 2, 50–51.
3. Mueller, Report, vol. 2, 86–87.
4. Mueller, Report, vol. 2, 114–18.
5. Michael S. Schmidt, “Obstruction Inquiry Shows Trump’s Struggle to Keep Grip on Russia Investigation,” New York Times, January 4, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/04/us/politics/trump-sessions-russia-mcgahn.html.
6. United States v. Michael Cohen, No. 1:18-cr-00602 (S.D.N.Y.), unredacted search warrant dated April 7, 2018, exhibit 6 – 18MAG 2958., document #43-6.
7. Mueller, Report, vol. 2, 154.
8. Mueller, Report, vol. 2, 147.
9. Mueller, Report, vol. 2, 146.
10. George Stephanopoulos, “Exclusive: Michael Cohen says family and country, not President Trump, is his ‘first loyalty,’ ” ABC News, July 2, 2018, https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/michael-cohen-family-country-president-trump-loyalty/story?id=56304585.
11. US Department of Justice, “Grand Jury Indicts 12 Russian Intelligence Officers for Hacking Offenses Related to the 2016 Election,” news release, July 13, 2018, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/grand-jury-indicts-12-russian-intelligence-officers-hacking-offenses-related-2016-election.
12. United States v. Victor Borisovich Netyksho et al., Case 1:18-cr-00215-ABJ (D.C., July 13, 2018), https://www.justice.gov/file/1080281/download.
13. “Remarks by President Trump and President Putin of the Russian Federation in Joint Press Conference,” The White House, July 16, 2018, https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-president-putin-russian-federation-joint-press-conference/.
14. United States v. Paul Manafort, No. 1:18-cr-00083 (E.D. Va.), transcript of trial proceedings held on July 31, 2018 at 27, ID# 3478, document #206, filed August 6, 2018.
15. Manafort, No. 1:18-cr-00083 (E.D.Va.), transcript of trial proceedings held on August 1, 2018 at 6, ID# 3155, document #203, filed August 6, 2018.
16. Manafort, No. 1:18-cr-00083 (E.D.Va.), transcript of trial proceedings held on August 1, 2018.
17. Nathan Layne and Karen Freifeld, “Trump Defends Ex-Aide Manafort as Jury Ends Second Day of Deliberations,” Reuters, August 17, 2018, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-russia-manafort/trump-defends-ex-aide-manafort-as-jury-weighs-verdict-idUSKBN1L20Z6.
18. “Juror in the Paul Manafort trial speaks out,” Fox News @ Night with Shannon Bream, Fox News, August 22, 2018, https://video.foxnews.com/v/5825647815001/#sp=show-clips.
19. United States v. Michael Cohen, No. 1:18-cr-00602 (S.D.N.Y.), transcript of plea proceedings held on August 21, 2018, document #7, filed September 14, 2018.
20. United States v. Roger Jason Stone Jr., No. 1:19-cr-00018 (D.C.), indictment, filed January 24, 2019.
21. Cohen, No. 1:18-cr-00602 (S.D.N.Y.), transcript of sentencing proceedings held on December 12, 2018.
22. “Full Transcript of Mueller’s Statement on Russia Investigation,” New York Times, May 29, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/29/us/politics/mueller-transcript.html.
23. Anonymous US government official to Richard Burr (chairman of the Senate Committee on Intelligence) and Adam Schiff (chairman of the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence), letter, August 12, 2019 (hereafter referred to as “whistle-blower report”).
24. Oliver Bullough, Moneyland: The Inside Story of the Crooks and Kleptocrats Who Rule the World (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2019), 8.
25. Andrea Bernstein, Ilya Marritz, Katie Zavadsky, and Jake Pearson, “Ukraine,” Trump, Inc., October 2, 2019, https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/trumpinc/episodes/trump-inc-ukraine.
26. Kurt Volker, testimony before the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, and Committee on Oversight, Washington, DC, October 3, 2019.
27. Eliot L. Engel, Adam B. Schiff, and Elijah E. Cummings to members of the Intelligence, Oversight and Reform, and Foreign Affairs committees, letter, October 3, 2019.
28. Donald J. Trump to Volodymyr Zelensky, memorandum of telephone conversation, July 25, 2019, https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Unclassified09.2019.pdf.
29. Whistle-blower report, 4.
30. Engel et al., letter, October 3, 2019.
31. Engel et al., letter, October 3, 2019.
32. Volker testimony, 10.
33. Caitlin Emma and Connor O’Brien, “Trump Holds Up Ukraine Military Aid Meant to Confront Russia,” Politico, August 28, 2019, https://www.politico.com/story/2019/08/28/trump-ukraine-military-aid-russia-1689531.
34. Engel et al., letter, October 3, 2019.
35. Russell Wheeler, “Appellate Court Vacancies May Be Scarce in Coming Years, Limiting Trump’s Impact,” Brookings Institution, December 6, 2018, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2018/12/06/trump-impact-on-appellate-courts/.
36. Adam Liptak and Maggie Haberman, “Inside the White House’s Quiet Campaign to Create a Supreme Court Opening,” New York Times, June 28, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/28/us/politics/trump-anthony-kennedy-retirement.html.
37. “Presidential Economic Address,” February 28, 2017, C-SPAN, https://www.c-span.org/video/?424147-1/president-trump-addresses-joint-session-congress.
38. Brett M. Kavanaugh, Supreme Court nominee confirmation hearing, Senate Judiciary Committee, Washington, DC, September 5, 2018, C-SPAN, https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4754538/user-clip-senator-kamala-harris-questions-scotus-nominee-judge-brett-kavanaugh-day-2.
39. Reuters, “More than 20 Million Viewers Watched Kavanaugh Hearing on TV,” NBC News, September 28, 2018, https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/tv/more-20-million-viewers-watched-kavanaugh-hearing-tv-n914946.
40. United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Brett M. Kavanaugh Supreme Court Justice hearing, September 27, 2018.
EPILOGUE
1. Pool Report, White House Press Pool, written by Josh Dawsey of the Washington Post, July 12, 2019, emailed to author from White House Press Pool.
2. “Immigration Chief: ‘Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor Who Can Stand On Their Own 2 Feet,’ ” Rachel Martin, NPR, August 13, 2019, https://www.npr.org/2019/08/13/750726795/immigration-chief-give-me-your-tired-your-poor-who-can-stand-on-their-own-2-feet.
3. Thomas Kaplan, “How the Trump Campaign Used Facebook Ads to Amplify His ‘Invasion’ Claim,” New York Times, August 5, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/05/us/politics/trump-campaign-facebook-ads-invasion.html.
4. Rae Kushner, testimony to Sidney Langer of the Holocaust Research Center at Kean College, held by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, 1982, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn504520.
5. Jared Kushner, interviewed by Jonathan Swan, Axios on HBO, season 2, episode 1, aired June 2, 2019.
6. Ivanka Trump, interviewed by Axios’s Mike Allen, C-SPAN, Washington, DC, August 2, 2018, https://www.c-span.org/video/?449294-1/ivanka-trump-remarks-education-workforce.
7. Rae Kushner, testimony held by the USC Shoah Foundation Institute, July 25, 1996, https://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/vha18937.
8. The Kushner Family and Ellen Robinson Epstein, The Miracle of Life: The Story of Rae and Joseph Kushner (Chevy Chase, MD: E. Epstein, 1998), 13.
9. Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism (New York: Harcourt/Harvest Books, 1976), 277.
10. Hannah Arendt, “Truth and Politics,” New Yorker, February 25, 1967, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1967/02/25/truth-and-politics.
11. Marc Kushner, “Why the buildings of the future will be shaped by . . . you,” lecture, TED, Vancouver, Canada, March 2014, https://www.ted.com/talks/marc_kushner_why_the_buildings_of_the_future_will_be_shaped_by_you?language=en.
12. Arendt, Origins of Totalitarianism, vii.
13. Richard J. Bernstein, “The Origins of Totalitarianism: Not History, but Politics,” Social Research 69, no. 2 (Summer 2002): 381–401.
14. Tony Kushner, interviewed by Andrea Bernstein in “Tony Kushner on His New Play, Unions, Forgiveness and Mark Ruffalo,” WNYC News, March 11, 2011, https://www.wnyc.org/story/117969-wnycs-andrea-bernstein-interviews-playwright-tony-kushner/.