| alef = not transliterated | lamed = l |
| bet = b, v | mem = m |
| gimmel = g | nun = n |
| dalet = d | samekh = s |
| heh = h | ayin = ’, not always transliterated |
| vav = v | peh = p, f, ph |
| zayin = z | tzaddi = tz |
| het = h | kuf = k |
| tet = t | resh = r |
| yod = y – when vowel, at end of word – i | shin = s, sh |
| kaf = k, kh | tav = t |