bibliography

Chapter 1

Anonymous (2003, Summer). Diary of direct action. Green Anarchist.

Blackstock, N. (1988). Cointelpro: The FBI’s secret war on political freedom. New York: Anchor Foundation.

Disclosure to the Accused, Illinois v. William Potter, No. 02-CM-5082 (2002, August 13).

Donnelly, M. (2006, May 24). Operation Backfire: Criminalizing dissent. Counterpunch. Retrieved March 1, 2009, from http://www.counterpunch.org/donnelly05242006.html.

Hays, T. (2004, May 4). Alleging abuse, detainees file lawsuit. Associated Press.

Kuipers, D. (2009). Operation Bite Back: Rod Coronado’s war to save American wilderness. New York: Bloomsbury.

McGowan, D. (2008, April 15). Focus on: Civil Liberties Defense Center (CLDC). Support for Daniel McGowan. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://supportdaniel.org/blog/?p=33.

Potter, W. (2001, September 14). The new backlash: From the streets to the courthouse, the new activists find themselves under attack. Texas Observer.

Voluntary Statement by Al Cancel, Illinois v. William Potter, 02-7907 (2002, July 21).

Chapter 2

Alleyne, R. (2001, January 19). Terror tactics that brought a company to its knees. Telegraph. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/01/19/ncam119.xml.

Altman, L. K. (1995, March 21). Terror in Tokyo. New York Times. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/21/world/terror-tokyo-poison-nerve-gas-that-felled-tokyo-subway-riders-said-be-one-most.html.

Animal rights, activism vs. criminality: Hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate (Serial No. J-108-76), 108th Cong., 2nd Sess. (2004).

Associated Press (2007, February 15). Madrid bombing suspect denies guilt. USA Today. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2007-02-15-madrid-terror-trial_x.htm.

Balluch, M. (n.d.). Martin Balluch—the interview. Abolitionist Online. Retrieved July 20, 2008, from http://www.abolitionist-online.com/interview-issue04_bite.back-martin.balluch.shtml.

Blackwell, J. (n.d.). 1911: ‘Trenton makes’ history. Trentonian. Retrieved July 20, 2008, from http://www.capitalcentury.com/1911.html.

Broughton, Z. (2001). The Argus. Retrieved 2010, July 1, from http://www.theargus.co.uk.

Broughton, Z. (2001, March). Seeing is believing: Cruelty to dogs at Huntingdon Life Sciences. Ecologist.

Claiborne, W. (1998, August 8). Bombs explode at 2 U.S. embassies in Africa; scores dead. Washington Post, p. A1.

Close HLS (2006, December 12). News. Retrieved December 17, 2006, from http://www.closehls.net/archive/12_12_06.htm.

A controversial laboratory (2001, January 18). BBC. Retrieved July 19, 2008, from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1123837.stm.

Dawdy, P. (2004, June 9). A suspect roundup. Seattle Weekly, p. 11.

Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission (2005, July 15). Commission rededicates, relights lower Trenton bridge, ‘Trenton Makes, The World Takes’ sign. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.drjtbc.org/default.aspx?pageid=270.

Epps, G. (2007, October 3). Vengeance is Brandon Mayfield’s. Salon. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2007/10/03/brandon_mayfield/.

Goodman, A. (2006, November 6). Madrid: 38,000-year jail terms sought. CNN. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/europe/11/06/spain.trial/.

Goodman, J. R., & Sanders, C. (forthcoming). In favor of tipping the balance: Animal rights activists in defense of residential picketing. Society and Animals.

Hamilos, P. (2007, October 31). The worst Islamist attack in European history. Guardian. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/oct/31/spain.

House of Lords Select Committee on Animals in Scientific Procedures (2001). Background memorandum by Huntingdon Life Sciences. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.com/pa/ld200102/ldselect/ldanimal/19/1071002.htm.

Ifill, G. (2004, May 26). Online NewsHour: Secretary of Homeland Security Tom Ridge. NewsHour with Jim Lehrer. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/terrorism/jan-june04/ridge_05-26.html.

Kolata, G. (1998, April 16). Seeing is believing: Cruelty to dogs at Huntingdon Life Sciences. New York Times, p. A15.

Potter, W. (2004, September-October). The beagle brigade: A law that tells animal rights activists to heel. Legal Affairs, pp. 11–12.

Pressure builds on animal tests lab (2001, January 16). BBC. Retrieved July 19, 2008, from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1120259.stm.

Richman, J. (2004, May 27). Animal-rights activists charged; three living in East Bay could face prison time for enterprise terrorism. Oakland Tribune.

Rokke, M. (n.d.). Diary of despair. Philadelphia: Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty.

Rosebraugh, C. (2004). Burning rage of a dying planet: speaking for the Earth Liberation Front. New York: Lantern Books.

Schmidt, S. & Mintz, J. (2004, May 27). FBI seeks tips on 7 linked to Al Qaeda. Washington Post. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A58760-2004May26.html.

Serrano, K. (2007, November 4). Suit cites false-data desires, racial bias at lab. Home News Tribune.

Siegel, R. (2006, January 13). ‘Trenton Makes, the World Takes’: History of a slogan. National Public Radio’s All Things Considered. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5157037.

Stagno, B. (2000, November-December). Life science or living hell? Satya. Retrieved October 29, 2006.

Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty UK (n.d.). Who we are. Retrieved July 15, 2008, from http://www.shac.net/SHAC/who.html.

Superseding Indictment, United States v. Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty USA, Inc., No. 04-373 (n.d.), available at http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/nj/press/files/pdffiles/shacind2.pdf.

Townsend, M. (2003, April 20). Exposed: Secrets of the animal organ lab. Guardian. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2003/apr/20/health.businessofresearch.

Transcript: Ashcroft, Mueller news conference (2004, May 26). CNN. Retrieved May 26, 2004, from http://www.cnn.com/2004/US/05/26/terror.threat.transcript.

United States Attorney’s Office, District of New Jersey (2004, May 26). Militant animal rights group, seven members indicted for national campaign to terrorize company and its employees. Retrieved May 26, 2004, from http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/nj/press/files/shac0526_r.htm.

Walsh, D. (2007, September 12). Student’s path to FBI informant; Using alias, woman tells of alleged terrorism plot. Sacramento Bee, p. B1.

Woolcock, N. (2005, August 25). Extremists seek fresh targets close to home. Times (London), p. 27.

Chapter 3

Abbey, E. (1975). The monkey wrench gang (1st ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott.

Abbey, E. (1990). A voice crying in the wilderness. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Acts of ecoterrorism by radical environmental organizations: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Crime of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States House of Representatives (Serial No. 142), 105th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1998).

American Civil Liberties Union (2002, December 6). How the USA Patriot Act redefines ‘domestic terrorism’. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.aclu.org/national-security/how-usa-patriot-act-redefines-domestic-terrorism.

Animal Liberation Front Press Office (n.d.). Guidelines of the Animal Liberation Front. Retrieved August 1, 2009, from http://www.animalliberationpressoffice.org/Background.htm.

Anti-Defamation League (2008, May 2). Series of extremism training for NYPD. Retrieved June 1, 2009, from http://www.adl.org/learn.

Arnold, R. (1983, February). EcoTerrorism. Reason.

Arnold, R. (1997). Ecoterror: The violent agenda to save nature, the world of the Unabomber. Bellevue, Wash.: Free Enterprise Press.

Associated Press (1990, June 8). U.S. health chief stirs animal rights furor. Chicago Tribune, p. 5.

Axtman, K. (2003, December 29). The terror threat at home, often overlooked. Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.csmonitor.com/2003/1229/p02s01-usju.html.

Barcott, B. (2000, October). Snoop: The secret life and prying times of Barry Clausen. Outside.

Bari, J. (1994). Timber wars. Common Courage Press.

Best, S. & Nocella, A. J. (2004). Terrorists or freedom fighters?: Reflections on the liberation of animals. New York: Lantern Books.

Bishop, B. (2006, April 15). Is it the Green Scare, eco-terrorism or none of the above? Register-Guard. Retrieved September 11, 2007, from http://www.registerguard.com.

Bush, G. W. (2001, September 20). Address to a joint session of Congress and the American people. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.html.

Case, D. (2002, March 12). The fringe: You too might be a terrorist! The war on the greens. TomPaine. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://web.archive.org/web/20040212183505/http://www.tompaine.com/feature.cfm/ID/5246.

Center for the Defense of Free Enterprise (2003). Ron Arnold named as ecoterrorism expert in major study. Retrieved April 1, 2010, from http://web.archive.org/web/20031109023619/http://cdfe.org/arnold_named_as_consultant.htm.

Chomsky, N. (2003). Terror and just response. Terrorism and International Justice, 69–87.

Chomsky, N. (2002). Pirates and emperors, old and new: International terrorism in the real world. Cambridge, MA: South End Press.

Clarkson, F. (2002, June 21). A radical antiabortionist backs down. Salon. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://dir.salon.com/story/news/feature/2002/06/21/abortion/index.html.

CNN (2001, November 6). ‘You are either with us or against us.’ CNN. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://archives.cnn.com/2001/US/11/06/gen.attack.on.terror/.

Compost, T. (2005, July-August). Victory in pepper spray torture trial. Earth First Journal, p. 3.

Conn, P. M. (2008, November 12). Terrorism in the name of animal rights. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010, July 1, from http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/opinion/la-oe-conn12-2008nov12,0,3327546.story.

Cookson, C. (2004, June 10). FBI warns biotech industry of animal extremists. Financial Times. Retrieved June 10, 2004, from http://www.ft.com.

Counterterrorism and infrastructure protection: Hearing before the Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate 106th Cong., 1st Sess. (1999).

Doyle, J. (1997, November 22). Sierra Club takes a swing at Riggs. San Francisco Chronicle, p. A19.

Dunn, E., Moore, M., & Nosek, B. (2005). The war of the words: How linguistic differences in reporting shape perceptions of terrorism. Analyses of social issues and public policy, 5(1), 67-86.

Earth Liberation Front Press Office (n.d.). Frequently asked questions. Retrieved August 1, 2009, from http://www.elfpressoffice.org/elffaqs.html.

Eco-terrorism and lawlessness on the national forests: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Forests and Forest Health of the Committee on Resources, United States House of Representatives (Serial No. 107-83), 107th Cong., 2nd Sess. (2002).

Eco-terrorism specifically examining Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty: Hearing before the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate (Serial No. 1005), 109th Cong., 1st Sess. (2005).

Eco-terrorism specifically examining the Earth Liberation Front and the Animal Liberation Front: Hearing before the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate (Serial No. 947), 109th Cong., 1st Sess. (2005).

Egan, T. (1991, December 19). Fund-raisers tap anti-environmentalism. New York Times, p. A18.

FBI agents tells farm group to be alert for growing eco-terrorism movement (2006, December 15). Canadian Press.

FBI: Eco-terrorism remains no.1 domestic terror threat. (2008, March 31). Fox News. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,343768,00.html.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (2005, May 23). When talk turns to terrors: Homegrown extremism in the U.S. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.fbi.gov/page2/may05/jlewis052305.htm.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (n.d.). Counterterrorism analytical lexicon.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (n.d.). Terrorism in the United States 1996.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (n.d.). Terrorism in the United States 1997.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (n.d.). Terrorism in the United States 1998.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (n.d.). Terrorism in the United States 1999.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (n.d.). Terrorism in the United States 2000-2001.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (n.d.). Terrorism in the United States 2002-2005.

Ficklin, J. & Andrew, P. (n.d.). Fire in the eyes [film].

Fire at UC Davis may be work of animal activists (1987, April 17). Los Angeles Times, p. 27.

Fletcher, H. (2008, April 21). Militant extremists in the United States. Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.cfr.org/publication/9236/american_militant_extremists_united_states_radicals.html.

Foreman, D. (1991). Confessions of an eco-warrior. New York: Harmony Books.

Foreman, D. (1993). Ecodefense: A field guide to monkeywrenching. Chico, Calif.: Abbzug Press.

Foundation for Biomedical Research (2006). Illegal incidents report: A 25 year history of illegal activities by eco and animal extremists. Washington, DC.

Foundation for Biomedical Research (2006). Top 20 list of illegal actions by animal and eco-terrorists 1996–2006. Washington, DC.

Goodman, A. (1997, November 19). Headwaters Forest. Democracy Now. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.democracynow.org/1997/11/19/headwaters_forest.

Goodman, A. (2004, September 8). Trial set to begin over use of pepper spray-soaked cotton swabs on non-violent protesters in 1997 Headwaters Forest. Democracy Now. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.democracynow.org/2004/9/8/trial_set_to_begin_over_use.

Greenwald, G. (2009, January 14). Tom Friedman offers a perfect definition of ‘terrorism’. Salon. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.salon.com/opinion/greenwald/2009/01/14/friedman/.

Haines, C. (2005, May 19). FBI, ATF address domestic terrorism. CNN. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.cnn.com/2005/US/05/19/domestic.terrorism/.

Haines, C. (2008, October 6). Officials: Domestic terrorism biggest threat in Pa. Herald Standard. Retrieved October 8, 2008, from http://www.heraldstandard.com.

Hall, M. (2008, April 30). U.S. has Mandela on terrorist list. USA Today. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2008-04-30-watchlist_N.htm.

Haughney, C. (2001, March 27). Teenagers’ activism takes a violent turn. Washington Post, p. A3.

Heller, J. (1961). Catch-22. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Herman, E. S. (1982). The real terror network: Terrorism in fact and propaganda (1st ed.). Boston: South End Press.

Hoffman, B. (2006). Inside terrorism. New York: Columbia University Press.

Hoffman, I. (2003, June 23). States, cities go own way in terror fight. Oakland Tribune.

Homeland Security Act of 2002, Pub. L. No. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2135 (2002).

Hsiao, A. (1998, November 10). The green menace. Village Voice, p. 26.

Information Network Associates (n.d.). 47th Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting Threat Assessment.

Inkerman Group (2007, September). The war on ‘eco-terror’: An analysis of the use of anti-terrorism legislation on activist movement in the UK & US. The Inkerman Monitor.

Irvin, D. (2007, September 22). Control debate, growers advised: Producers get tips on fighting PETA. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette.

Jacobellis v. Ohio, 378 U.S. 184 (1964).

Kenworthy, T. (2001, February 14). A green crusade erupts in flames; elusive ‘Earth Liberation Front’ claims responsibility for $30 million in damage, but law may be closing in. USA Today, p. A3.

King, M. L. (1964). Why we can’t wait. New York: Signet books.

Kinsley, M. (2001, October 5). Defining terrorism: It’s essential. It’s also impossible. Washington Post, p. A37.

Koppelman, A. (2006, December 18). The terrorist you’ve never heard of. Salon. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2006/12/18/tennessee_terrorist/index1.html.

Kornbluh, P. (2004). Chile and the United States: Declassified Documents Relating to the Military Coup, September 11, 1973. National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 8.

Krauthammer, C. (2003, May 16). Rebuilding Iraq. Townhall. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.townhall.com/columnists/CharlesKrauthammer/2003/05/16/rebuilding_iraq.

Laqueur, W. (1987). The age of terrorism. Boston: Little, Brown.

Levendosky, C. (1997, November 26). Public outraged over pepper-spray incident. Venture County Star, p. D7.

Levine, D. S. (2004, June 18). FBI says 1,100 biotechs face terror threat. San Francisco Business Times. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://sanfrancisco.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/stories/2004/06/21/story4.html.

Levitas, D. (2003, December 13). Our enemies at home. New York Times.

Long, J. & Denson, B. (1999, September 29). Can sabotage have a place in a democratic community? Oregonian, p. 1.

Man arrested, 10 rabbits confiscated in wake of break-in (1984, December 11). Associated Press.

Mandela, N. (1973). No easy walk to freedom: Articles, speeches and trial addresses of Nelson Mandela. London: Heinemann Educational.

Manes, C. (1990). Green rage: Radical environmentalism and the unmaking of civilization. Boston: Little, Brown.

McCarthy, R. M., & Sharp, G. (1997). Nonviolent action: A research guide (Garland reference library of social science ; v. 940). New York: Garland Pub.

Nack, J. (1991, September 4). Chlorine company targets Greenpeace. Green Left. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.greenleft.org.au/node/731.

NARAL Pro-Choice America Foundation (2009). Anti-choice violence and intimidation. Washington, DC.

National Abortion Federation (2009, April). NAF violence and disruption statistics. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.prochoice.org/pubs_research/publications/downloads/about_abortion/violence_stats.pdf.

New York Times (1996, October 5). Environmentalists say deal on redwoods is inadequate. New York Times, p. A9.

Philipkoski, K. (2004, June 16). Eco-terror cited as top threat. Wired. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.wired.com/medtech/health/news/2004/06/63812.

Phillips, B. (2008, April 3). Tourist or terrorist? Shelby County Sheriff’s Office and the FBI teach people to spot potential terrorists. Memphis Flyer. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http://www.memphisflyer.com/memphis/Content?oid=41348.

Platt, T. (1999, March). Engaging political will. Fur Farm Letter.

Portillo Jr., Ernesto (2007, December 19). Sheriff says terrorists abound in our midst. Arizona Daily Star. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http://azstarnet.com/.

Potter, W. (2001, September 14). The new backlash: From the streets to the courthouse, the new activists find themselves under attack. Texas Observer.

Ridgeway, J. (2008, April 11). Cops and former Secret Service agents ran black ops on green groups. Mother Jones. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from http://www.motherjones.com.

Ridgeway, J., Schulman, D., & Corn, D. (2008, July 30). There’s something about Mary: Unmasking a gun lobby mole. Mother Jones. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from http://www.motherjones.com.

Rogers, P. (2009, March 8). A decade after Headwaters deal, truce comes to Northern California redwood country. San Jose Mercury News.

Rood, J. Animal rights groups and ecology militants make DHS terrorist list, right-wing vigilantes omitted. CQ Homeland Security. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.cq.com/public/20050325_homeland.html.

Ryckman, Lisa L. (1986, January 26). Environmental ‘warriors’ use radical tactics to make point. Los Angeles Times, p. 3.

Scarce, R. (2006). Eco-warriors: understanding the radical environmental movement. Walnut Creek, Calif.: Left Coast Press.

Schmid, A. P. & Jongman, A. J. (1984). Political terrorism: A research guide to concepts, theories, data bases, and literature. New Brunswick, U.S.A.: North-Holland Distributors, Transaction Books.

Schoenmann, J. (1999, November 2). FBI examines threatening letters. Las Vegas Review-Journal. Retrieved April 1, 2009, from http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/1999/Nov-02-Tue-1999/news /12270224.html.

Schuster, H. (2005, August 24). Domestic terror: Who’s most dangerous? Eco-terrorists are now above ultra-right extremists on the FBI charts. CNN. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.cnn.com/2005/US/08/24/schuster.column/index.html.

Sharp, G. (2003). There are realistic alternatives. Boston: Albert Einstein Institution.

Sharp, G. (1959). The meanings of nonviolence: A typology. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 3(1), 41-66.

Sharp, G. (1970). Exploring nonviolent alternatives. Boston: P. Sargent.

Sharp, G. (1973). The politics of nonviolent action. Boston: P. Sargent.

Sharp, G. (1979). Gandhi as a political strategist: With essays on ethics and politics. Boston: P. Sargent.

Shishkin, P. (2008, September 13). American revolutionary: Quiet Boston scholar inspires rebels around the world. Wall Street Journal, p. 1.

Siegel, L. (1984, December 10). Animal rights’ group, researchers argue over animal theft. Associated Press.

Slobodzian, J. (2003, December 4). ‘Terrorist to abortionists’ guilty. Philadelphia Inquirer, p. B1.

Smith, R. K. (2008). “Ecoterrorism”?: A critical analysis of the vilification of radical environmental activists as terrorists. Environmental Law (Portland), 4(1), 537-576.

Southern Poverty Law Center (2002, Fall). Eco-violence: The record. Intelligence Report, 107.

Southern Poverty Law Center (2005, September). Decade of domestic terror documented by Center. SPLC Report, 35(3).

Stone, A. (1990, June 8). Under attack: Using animals for research; scientists test PR techniques. USA Today, p. A3.

Strassel, K. A. (2001, October 4). Left behind: These are lean times for fringe activists. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2010, July 1, from http://www.online.wsj.com.

Strausbaugh, J. A. (2006, April 15). Down on the farm, fears grow. Lancaster Online. Retrieved April 16, 2006, from http://www.lancasteronline.com/.

Target of Opportunity (2005). The hit list. Retrieved December 20, 2005, from http://www.targetofopportunity.com/enemy_targets.htm.

Taylor, B. (1998). Religion, violence and radical environmentalism: From Earth First! to the Unabomber to the Earth Liberation Front. Terrorism and Political Violence, 10(4), 1-42.

Tension high after pepper spray used on protesters (1997, October 31). CNN. Retrieved April 1, 2000, from http://www.cnn.com/EARTH/9710/31/pepper.spray.update/.

Tigar, M. E. (2007). Thinking about terrorism: the threat to civil liberties in times of national emergency. Chicago: American Bar Association.

Turse, N. (2007, May 24). The secret air war in Iraq. Nation. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.thenation.com/doc/20070611/turse.

UN seeks definition of terrorism (2005, July 26). BBC. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4716957.stm.

United States Department of Agriculture (2004, March). APHIS facility security profile, form 271-R.

United States Department of State (2002, May). Patterns of global terrorism 2001.

Usborne, D. (2005, May 20). Eco-militants are greatest terrorist threat, warns FBI. Independent, p. 29.

Wagner, T. (2008). Reframing ecotage as ecoterrorism: News and the discourse of fear. Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture, 2(1), 25-39.

Walden: Earth Liberation Front a threat (2001, September 12). National Journal’s CongressDaily.

Walzer, M. (1992). Just and unjust wars: A moral argument with historical illustrations (2nd ed.). New York: Basic Books.

War against eco-terrorists [editorial] (2001, October 7). The Washington Times, p. B2.

Weinstein, J. L. (2004, June 20). FBI accused of ‘scare’ tactics; An eco-terrorism warning prompted Portland police to put a local gathering under surveillance. Portland Press Herald, p. B1.

Wolke, H. (2006, April 6). Earth First! A founder’s story. Lowbagger. http://www.lowbagger.org/foundersstory.html.

Zakin, S. (1993). Coyotes and town dogs: Earth First! and the environmental movement. New York: Viking.

Zamora, J. H. (2004, April 23). FBI to pay $2 million in Earth First suit. San Francisco Chronicle, p. B1.

Chapter 4

Abraham, K. (2006, September 7). Eye on ELF: Were eco-radicals illegally wire-tapped? Eugene Weekly. Retrieved March 15, 2010, from http://eugeneweekly.com/2006/09/07/news1.html.

ACLU sues Homeland Security for arresting, spying on vegans who protested ham. (2005, September 22). Raw Story. Retrieved March 15, 2010, from http://www.rawstory.com/news/2005/ACLU_sues_Homeland_Security_for_arresting_spying_on_vegans_who_protested_0922.html.

American Civil Liberties Union (2006, March 14). ACLU releases first concrete evidence of FBI spying based solely on groups’ anti-war views. Retrieved March 15, 2010, from http://www.aclu.org/safefree/spying/24528prs20060314.html.

Anti-Defamation League (n.d.). Ku Klux Klan—History. Retrieved March 15, 2010, from http://www.adl.org/learn/ext_us/kkk/history.asp?LEARN_Cat=Extremism&LEARN_SubCat=Extremism_in_America&xpicked=4&item=kkk.

Asthana, A., & DeYoung, K. (2006, September 8). Bush calls for greater wiretap authority. Washington Post, p. A1.

Babington, C., & Eggen, D. (2006, March 1). Gonzales seeks to clarify testimony on spying; extent of eavesdropping may go beyond NSA work. Washington Post, p. A8.

Bamford, J. (1983). The puzzle palace: A report on America’s most secret agency. New York: Penguin Books.

Bamford, J. (2009). The shadow factory: The ultra-secret NSA from 9/11 to the eavesdropping on America. New York: Doubleday.

Barnard, J. (2006, November 10). 4 plead in ecoterror case; 5- to 8-year sentences recommended. Associated Press.

Barnard, J. (2007, May 26). Arsonist fell under spell of ecoterror guru. Associated Press.

Bernton, H. (2006, November 10). 4 more plead guilty in ecosabotage cases; trial may be avoided;

Bishop, B. (2006, September 8). Wiretap possibility raised in eco-sabotage case. Register-Guard. Retrieved September 29, 2006, from http://www.registerguard.com.

Block, R. (2006, April 27). Pentagon steps up intelligence efforts inside US borders. Wall Street Journal, p. A1.

Bridis, T. (2005, December 20). ACLU says FBI misuses terror powers. Associated Press.

Bridis, T. (2005, January 18). FBI stops using Carnivore wiretap software. Associated Press.

Burress, C. (1998, November 24). UC finalizes pioneering research deal with biotech firm; pie tossers leave taste of protest. San Francisco Chronicle, p. A17.

Cato, J. (2006, July 31). Beating a federal rap not easy. Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. Retrieved August 16, 2010.

Cauley, L. (2006, May 11). NSA has massive database of Americans’ phone calls; 3 telecoms help government collect billions of domestic records. USA Today, p. A1.

Churchill, W. & Vander, W., Jim (2002). The COINTELPRO papers: Documents from the FBI’s secret wars against dissent in the United States (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: South End Press.

Cox, A. M. (1999, March-April). The medium is the meringue. Mother Jones.

Davis, A. (2003, May 22). Use of data collection systems is up sharply following 9/11. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved June 1, 2003, from http://www.wsj.com.

Davis, J. K. (1992). Spying on America: The FBI’s domestic counterintelligence program. New York: Praeger.

Defense in ecoterrorism case drops wiretap motion in Oregon (2006, November 3). Associated Press.

Department of Homeland Security (2007, January 5). Overview: FY 2007 Homeland Security Grant Program. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/grants-2007-program-overview-010507.pdf.

Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General (2010, September). A review of the FBI’s investigations of certain domestic advocacy groups.

Donner, F. J. (1990). Protectors of privilege: Red squads and police repression in urban America. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Drogin, B. (2008, December 7). Spying on pacifists, greens and nuns: A Maryland trooper who went undercover to infiltrate nonviolent groups labeled dozens of people as terrorists. Los Angeles Times, p. A18.

Edds, K. (2004, June 14). Radical environmentalists take aim at suburbia. Washington Post, p. A3.

Egan, T. (2005, December 9). 6 arrests years after ecoterrorist acts. New York Times, p. A18.

Egelko, B. (2006, August 18). Judge’s rejection of Bush wiretaps just first round. San Francisco Chronicle, p. A1.

Eggen, D. (2005, September 13). FBI agents often break informant rules. Washington Post, p. A15.

Eggen, D. (2006, July 19). Bush thwarted probe into NSA wiretapping. Washington Post, p. A4.

Eggen, D. (2007, August 14). Lawsuits may illuminate methods of spy program. Washington Post, p. A1.

Electronic Privacy Information Center. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act Orders 1979–2007. Retrieved 2010, July 1, from http://epic.org/privacy/wiretap/stats/fisa_stats.html.

Fattah, H. M. (2006, January 20). Bin Laden warns of attacks in U.S. but offers truce. New York Times, p. A1.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (2003, October 15). FBI Intelligence Bulletin no. 89.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (n.d.). Terrorism in the United States 2000-2001.

Fireant Collective (2001, May). Setting fires with electrical timers: An Earth Liberation Front Guide.

Galvan, L. (2044, April 24). Peace Fresno files complaint: Now-deceased deputy is accused of infiltrating group. Fresno Bee, p. B1.

Gangi, M. (2007, March-April). “Some sort of anti-snitch.” Earth First Journal, p. 40.

Glick, D. (2003). Powder burn: Arson, money, and mystery on Vail Mountain. New York: PublicAffairs.

Goodman, A. (2007, June 11). Facing seven years in jail, environmental activist Daniel McGowan speaks out about the Earth Liberation Front, the Green Scare and the government’s treatment of activists as “terrorists”. Democracy Now. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.democracynow.org/2007/6/11/exclusive_facing_seven_years_in_jail.

Gordon, A. (2009, October 9). Vegan protesters prevail over cops in court. Atlanta Progressive News. Retrieved March 15, 2010, from http://www.atlantaprogressivenews.com/news/0527.html.

Gregory, G. (1998, January 22). Investors buy Redmond slaughterhouse. Oregonian, p. D2.

Harper, M. C. (1984). The Consumer’s Emerging Right to Boycott: NAACP v. Claiborne Hardware and Its Implications for American Labor Law. Yale LJ, 93, 409.

Harvey, A. (2008, March 8). Yacht racer to arsonist: ELF member, turned U.S. witness, describes her double life as high-tech worker and key figure. Rocky Mountain News, p. 4.

Hersh, S. M. (2006, May 29). Listening in: Seymour Hersh on the NSA’s domestic surveillance program. New Yorker, p. 24.

Hoffman, I., & Holstege, S. (2003, July 15). State’s terror analysts reined in. Oakland Tribune.

Hsu, Spencer S. (2005, December 20). FBI papers show terror inquiries into PETA; other groups tracked. Washington Post, p. A11.

Isikoff, M. (2005, November 21). Profiling: How the FBI tracks eco-terror suspects. Newsweek, p. 6.

Janofsky, M. (2006, January 21). 11 indicted in 17 cases of sabotage in West. New York Times, p. A9.

Japenga, A. (1993, May 10). When the Feds locked up Jonathan Paul for refusing to testify, the animal rights movement gained an accidental hero. Los Angeles Times, p. E1.

Jezzabell (2009, July-August). Checking in with family and friends of Daniel McGowan. Earth First Journal, p. 16.

Kaplan, D. E., Ekman, M. M., & Marek, A. C. (2006, May 8). Spies among us. U.S. News & World Report, pp. 40–49.

Kesich, G. (2006, October 26). Activists fear they’ve become FBI targets. Portland Press Herlad, p. B1.

Klein, M. (2006, May 17). AT&T whistle-blower’s evidence. Wired. Retrieved March 15, 2010, from http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2006/05/70908.

Knickerbocker, B. (2006, January 30). Eco-vigilantes: All in ‘The Family?’ Christian Science Monitor, p. 20.

Kristiansen, L. J. (2010). Screaming for change: Articulating a unifying philosophy of punk rock. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books.

LaFranchi, H. & Bowers, F. (2006, January 20). Bin Laden message: ‘I’m still here.’ Christian Science Monitor, p. A1.

Lee, J. (2007, September 17). Enemy of the state: The story of Daniel McGowan. The Indypendent.

Leonnig, C. D. (2007, April 3). Police log confirms FBI role in arrests. Washington Post, p. B1.

Leonnig, C. D. & Sheridan, M. B. (2006, March 2). Saudi group alleges wiretapping by U.S.; defunct charity’s suit details eavesdropping. Washington Post, p. A1.

Lichtblau, E. (2003, November 23). F.B.I. scrutinizes antiwar rallies. New York Times, p. A1.

Lichtblau, E. (2005, December 19). F.B.I. watched activist groups, new files show. New York Times, p. A1.

Lichtblau, E. (2008, July 3). Judge rejects Bush’s view on wiretaps. New York Times, p. A17.

Lichtblau, E., & Risen, J. (2005, December 18). Eavesdropping effort began soon after Sept. 11 attacks. New York Times, p. A44.

McCall, W. (2008, June 4). Radical ‘snitch’ in Western arsons gets probation. Associated Press.

McCullagh, D. (2007, January 30). FBI turns to broad new wiretap method. ZDNet. Retrieved March 11, 2010, from http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-151059.html.

McGlone, T. (2005, December 22). FBI tried to link PETA to terror groups. Virginian-Pilot, p. B1.

McGowan, D. (2007, November-December). “And the rest is history.” an interview with Daniel McGowan. Earth First Journal, p. 22.

McGowan, D. (2007, August 8). My friend Jonathan Paul. Support for Daniel McGowan. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://supportdaniel.org.

McGowan, D. (2007, November 24). A lack of honesty and integrity—On Darren Thurston. Support for Daniel McGowan. Retrieved November 25, 2008, from http://supportdaniel.org.

McGowan, D. (2008, January-February). An interview with Daniel McGowan: Part two. Earth First Journal, p. 23.

McGowan, D. (2008, March 19). Free to be freed (sooner than later). Retrieved April 16, 2008, from http://supportdaniel.org/blog/?p=30.

McLure, J. (2006, September 4). DOJ losing ground in wiretap fight. Legal Times. http://www.legaltimes.com.

Memorandum in Support of Request for Production of Surveillance Data and Material, United States v. McGowan, No. CR 06-60124-AA (2006, August 17).

Mendoza, M. (1997, January 4). Program to protect horses sends them to slaughter. Associated Press.

Miller, G. (2006, January 20). U.S. verifies Bin Laden tape, calls his offer of a truce a ploy. Los Angeles Times, p. A1.

Office of the Inspector General (2005, September). The Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Compliance with the Attorney General’s Investigative Guidelines.

Ortega, B. (1999, March 10). The woods are full of eco-terrorists. Wall Street Journal.

Paul, C. (2007, May 24). My brother, the ‘terrorist’. Los Angeles Times, p. A25.

Plea Agreement, United States v. Block, No. CR 06-60126-AA (2006, October 17).

Plea Agreement, United States v. Gerlach, No. CR 06-60079-AA (2006, July 19).

Plea Agreement, United States v. McGowan, No. CR 06-60124-AA (2006, October 17).

Plea Agreement, United States v. Meyerhoff, No. CR 06-60078-1-AA (2006, July 19).

Plea Agreement, United States v. Paul, No. CR 06-60125-AA (2006, October 17).

Plea Agreement, United States v. Savoie, No. CR 06-60080-AA (2006, July 19).

Plea Agreement, United States v. Tankersley, No. CR 06-60071-AA (2006, July 19).

Plea Agreement, United States v. Thurston, No. CR 06-60069-1-AA (2006, July 19).

Plea Agreement, United States v. Tubbs, No. CR 06-60070-1-AA (2006, July 19).

Plea Agreement, United States v. Zacher, No. CR 06-60126-AA (2006, October 17).

Potter, W. (2009). Making an animal rights “terrorist.” Bite Back Magazine, 14.

Prosecution declares victory: Defendants acknowledged crimes. Seattle Times, p. B1.

Rankin, B. (2009, September 26). Vegans’ rights violated, jury finds. Atlanta Journal-Constitution, p. B1.

Rein, L. (2008, October 8). Md. police put activists’ names on terror lists. Washington Post, p. A1.

Riccardi, N. (2006, March 27). FBI keeps watch on activists. Los Angeles Times, p. A1.

Risen, J. & Lichtblau, E. (2005, December 16). Bush lets U.S. spy on callers without courts. New York Times, p. A1.

Roberts, C. (2007, August 22). Transcript: Debate on the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. El Paso Times.

Rosebraugh, C. (2004). Burning rage of a dying planet: Speaking for the Earth Liberation Front. New York: Lantern Books.

Rothschild, M. (2009, May 26). FBI infiltrates Iowa City protest group. The Progressive. Retrieved March 5, 2010, from http://www.progressive.org/mc052609.html.

Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations (1976, April 23). Supplementary detailed staff reports on intelligence activities and the rights of Americans: Book III.

Shane, S. (2006, February 6). For some, spying controversy recalls a past drama. New York Times, p. A18.

Shapiro, A. (2006, January 20). Eleven activists charged with domestic terrorism. National Public Radio’s All Things Considered. Retrieved January 20, 2006, from http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5165548.

Shorrock, T. (2008, May 19). Blacklisted by the Bush government. Salon. Retrieved September 1, 2009, from http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2008/05/19/al-haramain/index.html.

Solomon, J. (2007, June 14). FBI finds it frequently overstepped in collecting data. Washington Post, p. A1.

Southern Poverty Law Center (2007, Spring). Patriot groups active in the year 2006. Intelligence Report, 125.

Spielman, F. (2009, June 8). Court cancels limits on city’s ‘Red Squad.’ Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved June 10, 2010, from http://www.suntimes.com/news/cityhall/1612567,chicago-police-red-squad-060809.article.

Superseding Indictment, United States v. Christianson, No. CR 08-CR-107-C (2008, July 17).

Thurston, D. (2007, December 21). Fired back: Some words in response to Operation Backfire. Free Darren. Retrieved December 22, 2007, from http://freedarren.org.

Transcript: 11 indicted in ecoterrorism plots (2006, January 20). CNN. Retrieved September 1, 2009, from http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0601/20/ywt.01.html.

United States Department of Justice (2006, January 20). Eleven defendants indicted on domestic terrorism charges. Retrieved September 8, 2007, from http://www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2006/January/06_crm_030.html.

United States Sentencing Commission (2006). Sourcebook of federal sentencing statistics.

Valdez, A. (2006, August 30). Terror-fying the greens: Did investigators use post-9/11 warrantless wiretaps to bust accused eco-saboteurs. Willamette Week. Retrieved September 29, 2006, from http://www.wweek.com/editorial/3243/7938.

Virginia Fusion Center (2006, July 1). State tracked protesters in the name of security; officials say they have stopped monitoring antiwar and political rallies. Los Angeles Times, p. A1.

Virginia Fusion Center (2009, March). 2009 Virginia terrorism threat assessment.

Warner, J. & White, P. (2003, July 17). Big brother under the bumper: Boulder residents find mysterious tracking systems on their cars. Boulder Weekly. Retrieved August 8, 2003, from http://www.boulderweekly.com/archive/071703/coverstory.html.

Chapter 5

Albert, J. G. (2008, December 25). What were those 1960s terrorists thinking, anyway? Counterpunch. Retrieved March 10, 2009.

Animal Enterprise Protection Act, Pub. L. No. 102-346 (1992).

Animal rights, activism vs. criminality: Hearing before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate (Serial No. J-108-76), 108th Cong., 2nd Sess. (2004).

Brief from Appellant, United States v. Harper, No. CR 06-4436 (2007, October 22).

Burton, F. (2006, March 16). SHAC convictions: The martyrdom effect. STRATFOR. Retrieved March 17, 2006, from http://www.stratfor.com/shac_convictions_martyrdom_effect.

Cherry, E. (2006). Veganism as a cultural movement: A relational approach. Social Movement Studies, 5(2), 155-170.

Cook, J. (2006, February 7). Thugs for puppies. Salon. Retrieved February 7, 2006, from http://www.salon.com/life/feature/2006/02/07/thugs_puppies.

Crane, Paul T. (2006). True threats and the issue of intent. Virginia Law Review, 92, 1225.

Freking, K. (2002, September 22). Congress comes to Stephens’ aid. Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, p. A1.

Greer v. Spock, 424 U.S. 828 (1976).

Haenfler, R. (2004). Rethinking subcultural resistance: Core values of the straight edge movement. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 33(4), 406.

Hawken, P. (2007). Blessed unrest: How the largest movement in the world came into being, and why no one saw it coming. New York: Viking.

Hentoff, N. (1992). Free speech for me—but not for thee: How the American left and right relentlessly censor each other. New York: HarperCollins Publishers.

Kopel, D. (1999, August 1). The day they came to sue the book; lawsuit against Paladin Press. Reason, p. 59.

Lahickey, B. (1998). All ages: Reflections on straight edge. Revelation Books.

Love, J. (1985). The U.S. anti-apartheid movement: Local activism in global politics. New York: Praeger.

Mozingo, J. (2006, September 5). A thin line on animal rights; Dr. Jerry Vlasak stays carefully in the world of medicine while serving as a spokesman for extremists who threaten laboratory researchers. Los Angeles Times, p. B1.

National Association for Biomedical Research (2006, February 6). SHAC trial gets underway in New Jersey today. Retrieved July 15, 2007, from http://www.nabr.org/members/Events/SHAC/Trial2006.

No Master’s Voice (1988). The ALF is watching and there’s no place to hide [vinyl LP].

O’Hara, C. (1999). The philosophy of punk: More than noise. San Francisco: AK Press.

Pogash, C. (2003, December 5). $50,000 reward offered after 2 blasts. Los Angeles Times, p. B6.

Ray, P. K. (1990). Down memory lane: Reminiscences of a Bengali revolutionary. New Delhi: Gian.

Rodriguez, M. (2003, August 30). Animal rights group claims it bombed biotech firm. Los Angeles Times, p. B8.

Rosebraugh, C. (2004). Burning rage of a dying planet: Speaking for the Earth Liberation Front. New York: Lantern Books.

Schabner, D. (2003, May 5). ‘Terror’ group web site a puzzle for Feds. ABC News. Retrieved April 1, 2009.

Stone, G. R. (2004). Perilous times: Free speech in wartime from the Sedition Act of 1798 to the war on terrorism (1st ed.). New York: W. W. Norton & Co.

Sunstein, C. R., Seidman, L. M., Karlan, P. S., Stone, G. R., & Tushnet, M. V. (2008, January 18). The First Amendment, Third Edition. Aspen Publishers, Inc.

Susman, T. (2005, August 7). Feds turn up the heat on ‘ecoterrorists.’ Newsday, p. A6.

Tao, A. (2005, November 22). Animal rights activists create PR crisis. PharmExec. Retrieved 2005, November 30, from http://www.pharmexec.com.

Target of Opportunity (2005). The hit list. Retrieved December 20, 2005, from http://www.targetofopportunity.com/enemy_targets.htm.

United States v. Fullmer, et al., No. CR 06-4211 (2006).

Volokh, E. (2004). Speech as conduct: Generally applicable laws, illegal courses of conduct, situation-altering utterances, and the uncharted zones. Cornell Law Review, 90, 1277.

Volokh, E. (2005). Crime-Facilitating Speech. Stanford Law Review, 57, 1095.

Volokh, E. (2005). Deterring speech: When is it “McCarthyism”? When is it proper? California Law Review, 93(5), 1413-1454.

Walkom, T. (2006, March 13). U.S. terror hunt targets animal activists. The Toronto Star, p. A6.

Woods, R. & Ungoes-Thomas, J. (2006, February 26). Focus: A campaigning hero. Sunday Times. Retrieved March 1, 2010, from http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article735136.ece.

Chapter 6

18 Pa. C.S. §3311.

2 Okla Stat. §5-104 et seq.

42 Pa. C.S. §8319.

A.C.A. §5-62-201, et seq. Farm Animal and Research Facilities.

A.R.S. §11-1023. Unauthorized release of animals; classification; damages.

Agricultural Terrorism Prevention and Response Act of 2001, H.R. 3198, 107th Cong., 1st Sess. (2001).

Agriculture Facilities Protection Act of 2005, S. 1532, 109th Cong., 1st Sess. (2005).

Agroterrorism Reduction Act, S. 1775, 107th Cong., 1st Sess. (2001).

Ala. Code §13A-11-150 et seq. Offenses Against Animal Research and Animal Production Facilities.

American Legislative Exchange Council (2003). Animal & ecological terrorism in America.

American Legislative Exchange Council (2009, July). Spring task force summit. Inside ALEC, p. 6.

American Medical Association (1989, June). Animal research action plan.

Animal Enterprise Protection Act, Pub. L. No. 102-346 (1992).

Animal Research Facilities Act of 1989, S. 727, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1989).

Animal rights activist enters guilty pleas in arson, theft (1995, March 7). Oregonian, p. B5.

Animal rights raiders destroy years of work (1992, March 8). New York Times, p. 51.

Associated Press (1988, March 24). Man sentenced in break-in. Oregonian, p. B5.

Beltran, X. (2002). Applying RICO to eco-activism: Fanning the radical flames of eco-terror. Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review, 29(281).

Best, S., & Nocella, A. J. (2006). Igniting a revolution: Voices in defense of the Earth. Oakland, CA: AK Press.

Blum, D. (1994). The monkey wars. New York: Oxford University Press.

Brotman, B. (1990, November 2). Building a resistance: Tired of animal rights groups’ threat and accusations, biomedical researchers are standing up for their work. Chicago Tribune, p. Tempo 1.

C.R.S.A. §18-9-206. Unauthorized release of an animal—penalty—restitution.

California Penal Code §602. Animal Enterprise Protection Act.

Center for Consumer Freedom (2006, December 12). Charlotte’s tangled web. Retrieved December 13, 2006, from http://www.consumerfreedom.com/news_detail.cfm/headline/3194.

Chynoweth, A. (n.d.). No gravy for the cat [film].

Commonhorsesense.com (n.d.). Advertisement: Animal rights groups will stop at nothing. Retrieved September 1, 2006, from http://www.commonhorsesense.com.

Darling, J. (2007, September 28). Son of executed ‘atomic spies’ speaks on civil liberties. Mail Tribune. Retrieved September 29, 2007, from http://www.mailtribune.com.

Defenders of Wildlife, & Natural Resources Defense Council (n.d.). Corporate America’s trojan horse in the states: The untold story behind the American Legislative Exchange Council.

Denial of Entry to Federal Lands, H.R. 1185, 102d Cong., 1st Sess. (1991).

Deegan, D. (2001). Managing activism. London: Kogan Page Limited.

Denson, B. & Long, J. (1999, October 3). Environment-motivated sabotage spreading throughout the west. Seattle Times, p. B7.

Department of Justice & Department of Agriculture (1993). Report to Congress on the extent and effects of domestic and international terrorism on animal enterprises.

Ecoterrorism Prevention Act of 2004, H.R. 4454, 108th Cong., 2d Sess. (2004).

Environmental Terrorism Reducation Act, H.R. 2583, 107th Cong., 1st Sess. (2001).

Fariello, G. (1995). Red scare: Memories of the American Inquisition. New York: Norton.

Farm Animal and Research Facilities Protection Act of 1991, H.R. 2407, 102d Cong., 2d Sess. (1991).

Farm Animal and Research Facilities Protection Act of 1991, H.R. 3270, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1989).

Farm Animal Facilities Protection Act of 1989, S.1330, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1989).

FL ST §828.40 through 43. Florida Animal Enterprise Protection Act.

Ford, R., Woolcock, N., & Irving, R. (2005, October 25). Terror laws will apply to animal rights lobby. Times (London). Retrieved March 1, 2009, from http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article582382.ece.

Forest Users’ Protection Act, H.R. 2711, 101st Cong., 1st Sess. (1987).

Ga. Code Ann. §4-11-30 through 35. Georgia Farm Animal and Research Facilities Protection Act.

Gen.Laws 1956, §4-1-29.

Girgen, J. (2008). Constructing animal rights activism as a social threat: Claims-making in the New York Times and in congressional hearings. Diss. Florida State University.

Goodman, J. S. (2007). Shielding corporate interests from public dissent: An examination of the undesirability and unconstitutionality of eco-terrorism legislation. JL & Pol’y, 16, 823.

Guillermo, K. S. (1993). Monkey business: The disturbing case that launched the animal rights movement. Washington, D.C.: National Press Books.

Guither, H. D. (1998). Animal rights: History and scope of a radical social movement. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.

Haag, J. (1987, April 16). Untitled. United Press International.

Hands Off Our Kids Act of 2001, H.R. 1847, 107th Cong., 1st Sess. (2001).

Hearing before the House Judiciary Committee of the Tennessee General Assembly 104th Cong., 2nd Sess. (2006, April 25).

Heartland Institute (n.d.). Personnel details: Mrs. Alexandra (Sandy) Liddy Bourne. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.heartland.org/.

Humane Society of the United States (2006, January 11). The Comments of the Humane Society of the United States on the Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act, S. 1926.

Humphrey, T. (2006, May 1). GOP claims Dem abuse; Senate Republicans say they’ll boycott ‘local bills’ of House Democrats. Knoxville News-Sentinel, p. B1.

I.C. §18-7037, 18-7040-41.

I.C.A. §717A.1 through 3.

IC 35-43-1-2.

IL ST CH 720 §215/3, et seq. Animal Research and Production Facilities Protection Act.

Johnson, D. (2007). Cages, clinics, and consequences: The chilling problems of controlling special interest extremism. Oregon Law Review, 86, 249-294.

Join ALEC. (n.d.). Retrieved 2009, September 9, from http://www.alec.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Join_ALEC.

K.S.A. 47-1825 through 1828. Farm Animal and Field Crop and Research Facilities Protection Act.

Hummell, K. A. (2004, January). The American Legislative Exchange Council’s attack on civil liberties. Defenders of Wildlife.

Parker, A. (n.d.). Beyond AETA: How corporate-crafted legislation brands activists as terrorists. National Lawyers Guild.

Peterson, K. (2001, July 9). Eco-terrorists targeted by get tough state laws. Stateline. Retrieved September 1, 2009, from http://www.stateline.org/live/ViewPage.action?siteNodeId=136&languageId=1&contentId=14386.

Knickerbocker, B. (2003, November 26). New laws target increase in acts of ecoterrorism. Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved September 15, 2009, from http://www.csmonitor.com.

Knight-Ridder Newspapers (1989, April 9). Senator rips animal rights raids. Chicago Tribune, p. 22.

KRS §437.410, et seq. Protection of Animal Facilities.

Lamont v. Postmaster General, 381 U.S. 301 (1965), available at http://www.heartland.org/.

LSA-R.S. 9:2799.4.

M.G.L.A. 266 §104B.

M.S.A. §346.56, 604.13.

McCoy, K. E. (2007). Subverting justice: An indictment of the Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act. Animal L, 14, 53.

MD Code, C. L., §6-208.

MO.St.Ann.578.407.

Mont. Code Ann., §81-30-101, et seq.

Mont. Code Ann., §87-3-142.

Moran, K. (2003, January 10). Sportsmen’s group targets anti-hunters. New York Post, p. 86.

Morano, M. (2006, May 1). New movie called ‘soft core eco-terrorism’ for kids. CNSNews. Retrieved May 1, 2006, from http://www.cnsnews.com.

Morris, A. D. (1984). The origins of the civil rights movement: Black communities organizing for change. New York, London: Free Press/Collier Macmillan.

MS ST §69-29-301, et seq.

N.C.G.S.A. §14-159.2.

N.D. Cent. Code §12.1-21.1-01, et seq.

N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. §644:8-e.

N.J.S.A. 2C:17-3.

N.Y. Agric. & Mkts. Law §378.

National Association for Biomedical Research (2003, February 21). 2002 year-end summary of state legislation. Retrieved September 9, 2009, from http://www.nabr.org/NABRMembersOnly/.

National Association for Biomedical Research (n.d.). State law book. Retrieved September 9, 2009, from http://www.nabr.org/NABRMembersOnly/.

Neb.Rev.St. §25-21, 236.

Ohio R.C. §2923.31.

Olsson, K. (2002, September-October). Ghostwriting the law: A little-known corporate lobby is drafting business-friendly bills for state legislators across the country. Mother Jones, p. 17.

ORS §164.887, 164.889, 167.312.

Otis, G. A. (2003, November 18). Terrorist tactics: A state law would pin the T-word on animal-rights and eco protesters. Village Voice, p. 40.

Panton, J. (2006, April 18). Animal rights protesters: Don’t ban them, beat them. Spiked. Retrieved April 19, 2006, from http://www.spiked-online.com/index.php/site/article/281/.

Patoski, J. N. (1989, October). Animal fights. Texas Monthly, pp. 102–104.

Pluta, R. (1992, February 28). University suspects animal rights activists in fire. United Press International.

Powers, W. (2006, December 9). The secret warriors. National Journal.

Price, J. (1990, March 1). Crimes by animal activists prompt call for federal law. Washington Times, p. A5.

Researchers and Farmers Freedom From Terrorism Act of 2000, H.R. 5429, 106th Cong., 2d Sess. (2000).

Ruskin, L. (2001, September 12). Stevens, Murkowski and Young vow retribution. Anchorage Daily News, p. A9.

S.C. Code Ann. §47-21-10, et seq.

S.D. Code §40-38, et seq.

Sabin, A. J. (1993). Red Scare in court: New York versus the International Workers Order. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Schmickle, S. (1992, November 10). Firebombing is investigated as act of terrorism. Minneapolis Star Tribune, p. B1.

Smurthwaite, D. (1988, July 17). With moral certainty. Northwest Magazine, p. 5.

Stone, G. R. (2004). Perilous times: Free speech in wartime from the Sedition Act of 1798 to the war on terrorism (1st ed.). New York: W. W. Norton & Co.

Stop Terrorism of Property Act of 2003, H.R. 3307, 108th Cong., 1st Sess. (2003).

Swan, J. A. (2003, October 17). Time to terminate ecoterrorism. National Review. Retrieved October 20, 2003, from http://www.nationalreview.com/swan/swanstory200310170957.asp.

Tenn. Code Ann. §39-14-801, et seq.

Terrorism Against Animal-Use Entities Prohibition Improvement Act, H.R. 4883, 108th Cong., 2d Sess. (2004).

The Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security, of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives (Serial No. 109-125), 109th Cong., 2nd Sess. (2006).

U.S. Sportsmen’s Alliance (2003, February 14). Legislators’ association gives nod to model terrorism bill.

United Press International (1989, April 3). Protesters say they set fires.

Utah Code Ann. §76-6-110, et seq.

Va. Code Ann. §18.2-403.4, 18.2-421, 18.2-499.

Violent and Repeat Juvenile Offender Accountability and Rehabilitation Act of 1999, H.R. 1501, 106th Cong., 1st Sess. (1999).

W. Va. St. §19-19-6.

Walsh, E. J. (2000, February). The Animal Enterprise Protection Act: A scientist’s perspective. Lab Animal, 29(2), 24-29.

Warchol, G. (2007, February 12). Corporate group sets new lobbying standard. Salt Lake Tribune.

Wash. Rev. Code. §§4.23.580, 4.24.570, 4.24.575, 9.08.080.

Watson, P. (1994). Ocean warrior: My battle to end the illegal slaughter on the high seas. St. Leonards, NSW, Australia: Allen & Unwin.

Watson, P., Rogers, W., & Newman, J. (1982). Sea Shepherd: My fight for whales and seals. New York: Norton.

Western Wildlife Unit of the Animal Liberation Front (2006). Memories of Freedom.

Wis.St.895.57, 943.75.

Wolf, N. (2007, October 14). Talk by Naomi Wolf. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RjALf12PAWc.

Chapter 7

Anonymous (2006, September 20). Bite Back Magazine. Retrieved June 18, 2007, from http://www.directaction.info./news_sep20_06.htm.

Capralogics (n.d.). FAQ. http://www.capralogics.com/faq.htm.

Conn, P. M. & Parker, J. V. (2008). The animal research war. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Eckelbecker, L. (2006, October 1). Rules of engagement: Activists upping ante in bid to disrupt animal-based research. Worcester Telegram & Gazette. Retrieved September 20, 2009, from http://www.telegraph.com.

Goodman, A. (2006, October 3). First member of SHAC 7 heads to jail for three year sentence. Democracy Now. Retrieved October 4, 2006, from http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=06/10/03/142235.

Harper, J. (2004, Summer). Seven HLS campaign volunteers arrested by FBI, charged with terrorism. No Compromise.

Heffernan, N. (1985, June 4). Panel stiffens law on lab animal thefts. Los Angeles Times, p. 3.

Lahickey, B. (1998). All ages: Reflections on straight edge. Revelation Books.

Maag, C. (2006, January-February). America’s #1 threat. Mother Jones, p. 19.

Morley, H. R. (2006, May 5). ‘Terrorist’ ad sparks mystery on Street. Knight-Ridder Tribune Business News.

Munro, L. (2005). Strategies, action repertoires and DIY activism in the animal rights movement. Social Movement Studies, 4(1), 75-94.

National Association for Biomedical Research (n.d.). NABR ad. Retrieved August 13, 2009, from http://www.nabr.org/Portals/8/NABR_new_Final_ad.pdf.

Parry, W. (2006, September 19). Activist: Prison terms could drive others to stealthy violence. Associated Press.

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (1985, April 20). 260 animals including a primate was rescued by ALF. [Press release]. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://w3.nexis.com

People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (1986). Britches [film].

Rapattoni, L. (1985, April 20). United Press International.

Siegel, L. (1985, April 25). NIH director denounces lab animals thefts as acts of terrorism. Associated Press.

Support Jake (n.d.). Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.myspace.com/veganjedi.

The problem of conspiracy (1971, February 15). Time. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,904723,00.html.

Trial (1999). Reflections. On Are these our lives? [CD]. Albany: Equal Vision Records.

United States Attorney’s Office, District of New Jersey (2006, March 2). Militant animal rights group, six members convicted in campaign to terrorize company, employees and others. Retrieved March 2, 2006, from http://www.justice.gov/usao/nj/press/files/shac0302_r.htm.

United States Attorney’s Office, District of New Jersey (2006, September 12). Three militant animal rights activists sentenced to between four and six years in prison. Retrieved September 12, 2006, from http://www.usdoj.gov/usao/nj/press/files/pdffiles/shac0912rel.pdf.

United States Sentencing Commission (2006). Sourcebook of federal sentencing statistics.

Whitman, J. (2006, April 29). Mystery surrounding ad that slams the Big Board. New York Post, p. 21.

Chapter 8

About Dennis (n.d.). Retrieved April 1, 2009, from http://kucinich.house.gov/Biography/.

Albainy-Jenei, S. (2007, May 10). Security tight at BIO 2007. BIO Voice. http://biovoice.blogspot.com/2007/05/security-tight-at-bio2007.html.

Animal Agriculture Alliance (2007, March 12). Leading prosecutor to keynote stakeholders summit. Retrieved April 13, 2008, from http://www.animalagalliance.org/.

Animal Agriculture Alliance (2007, March 21). AETA sends a clear signal says leading prosecutor. Retrieved April 13, 2008, from http://www.animalagalliance.org/.

Animal Enterprise Protection Coalition (n.d.). Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act talking points. Retrieved September 30, 2006, from https://secure5.webfirst.com/nabr.org/members/AEPC/.

Animal Enterprise Protection Coalition (n.d.). Coalition members. Retrieved September 30, 2006, from https://secure5.webfirst.com/nabr.org/members/AEPC/.

Animal Enterprise Protection Coalition (n.d.). House scorecard. Retrieved September 30, 2006, from https://secure5.webfirst.com/nabr.org/members/AEPC/.

Animal Enterprise Protection Coalition (n.d.). Introduction. Retrieved September 30, 2006, from https://secure5.webfirst.com/nabr.org/members/AEPC/.

Animal Enterprise Protection Coalition (n.d.). Sample letters to Congress. Retrieved September 30, 2006, from https://secure5.webfirst.com/nabr.org/members/AEPC/.

Animal Enterprise Protection Coalition (n.d.). Sample news release. Retrieved September 30, 2006, from https://secure5.webfirst.com/nabr.org/members/AEPC/.

Animal Enterprise Protection Coalition (n.d.). Senate scorecard. Retrieved September 30, 2006, from https://secure5.webfirst.com/nabr.org/members/AEPC/.

Animal Enterprise Protection Act, Pub. L. No. 102-346 (1992).

Anonymous (2006, December 17). Bite Back Magazine. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.directaction.info/news_dec17_06.htm.

Anonymous (2006, December 18). Bite Back Magazine. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.directaction.info/news_dec18_06.htm.

Anonymous (2006, December 20). Bite Back Magazine. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.directaction.info/news_dec20_06.htm.

Anonymous (2006, December 7). Durban, South Africa: Action in solidarity with greenscare indictees. Portland Independent Media Center. Retrieved December 10, 2006, from http://portland.indymedia.org.

Anonymous (2006, November 29). Bite Back Magazine. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.directaction.info/news_nov29_06.htm.

Anonymous (2006, November 4). Bite Back Magazine. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.directaction.info/news_nov04_06.htm.

Anonymous (2006, September 20). Bite Back Magazine. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.directaction.info./news_sep20_06.htm.

Barson, M. (1992). “Better dead than red!”: A nostalgic look at the golden years of Russiaphobia, red-baiting, and other commie madness. New York: Hyperion.

Bite Back Magazine (2004). 2004 Direct Action Report. Retrieved 2005, April 1, from http://www.directaction.info.

Blankstein, A. & Krikorian, G. (2008, February 6). Terror unit probes fire at home: An incendiary device ignites at the house of UCLA researcher who does animal research. Los Angeles Times, p. B4.

Branigin, W. (2006, November 8). Democrats take majority in house; Pelosi poised to become speaker; Senate still up for grabs. Washington Post. Retrieved March 22, 2007, from http://www.washingtonpost.com.

Brenneman, K. (2006, April 5). Fur store owner wants PDX police protection. KGW-TV. Retrieved April 6, 2006, from http://www.kgw.com.

Bush remarks on “mission accomplished” banner embarrass White House (2003, October 30). Agence France Press.

Castle, Rep. (2006, November 13). Speaking on Route 1 bridge. Congressional Record, p. H8589.

Citizen’s Commission on Civil Rights (2007). The erosion of rights: Declining civil rights enforcement under the Bush administration. Retrieved April 13, 2007, from http://www.cccr.org/publications/index.cfm.

Denson, B. (2008, January 26). Furrier ordered to pay protesters’ legal fees. Oregonian, p. A1.

Dorey, E. (2005, February 7). Tough new UK animal rights laws. Chemistry and Industry, p. 4.

Epstein, D. (2006, August 22). Throwing in the towel. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved August 23, 2006, from http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2006/08/22/animal.

Extremists attacks on global food chain increase (2009, February 25). Drovers. Retrieved March 1, 2009, from http://www.drovers.com/printFriendly.asp?ed_id=5270.

Foxx, Rep. (2006, November 15). Speaking on baseball. Congressional Record, p. H8651.

Fredrickson, C. & Graves, L. (2006, March 6). Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act, S. 1926 and H.R. 4239. Retrieved October 30, 2006, from http://www.aclu.org/free-speech/aclu-letter-congress-urging-opposition-animal-enterprise-act-s-1926-and-hr-4239.

Fredrickson, C. & Johnson, M. (2006, October 30). ACLU urges needed minor changes to AETA, but does not oppose bill. Retrieved October 30, 2006, from http://www.aclu.org/images/general/asset_upload_file809_27356.pdf.

Fur Commission USA (2006, November 14). Mission accomplished! AETA passes both houses! http://furcommission.com/.

Gekas, Rep. (1993, September 15). Extension of remarks on Animal Enterprise Protection Act. Congressional Record, p. E2175.

Gill, J. (2008, April 24). US animal rights attacks on rise. Times Higher Education. Retrieved May 1, 2009, from http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk.

Heuser, S. (2007, May 9). Taking no chances. Boston Globe. Retrieved May 9, 2007, from http://www.bostonglobe.com.

Jackson Lee, Rep. (2006, November 13). Speaking on soccer. Congressional Record, p. H8582.

Keim, B. (2007, May 16). Animal rights, civil liberties and human suffering: Q&A with Frankie Trull. Wired. Retrieved May 16, 2007, from http://blog.wired.com/wiredscience/2007/05/animal_rights_c.html.

Keim, B. (2007, May 8). What do we have to fear from animal rights extremists? Wired. Retrieved May 8, 2007, from http://blog.wired.com/wiredscience/2007/05/what_do_we_have.html.

King, M. L. Jr. (1967, April 4). Beyond Vietnam. The Martin Luther King Jr. Research and Education Institute. Retrieved April 1, 2007, from http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/.

Kock, W. (2006, November 13). Memorial groundbreaking honors MLK’s legacy. USA Today.

Kucinich, Rep. (2006, November 13). Speaking on Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act. Congressional Record, p. H8594.

Millar, M. (2006, July 27). Animal rights attacks on pharmaceutical staff in sharp decline. Personnel Today. Retrieved April 1, 2007, from http://www.personneltoday.com/articles/2006/07/27/36624/animal-rights-attacks-on-pharmaceutical-staff-in-sharp.html.

Miller, G. (2007, December 21). Animal extremists get personal. Science, pp. 1856-1858.

Mitchell, S. (2007, May 7). Extremists may target biotech. UPI.

MLK Memorial Foundation (n.d.). Quick facts about the memorial. Retrieved April 12, 2007, from http://www.mlkmemorial.org.

Monastersky, R. (2008, February 6). UCLA professor’s house is firebombed. Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved February 8, 2008, from http://chronicle.com/article/UCLA-Professor-s-House-Is/40396.

N.A.A.C.P. decries stand of Dr. King on Vietnam (1967, April 11). New York Times, p. 1.

National Association for Biomedical Research (n.d.). Advertisement: Your home is next. Retrieved November 20, 2006, from http://www.nabr.org/Portals/8/NABR_new_Final_ad.pdf.

National Lawyers Guild opposes Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act (2006, October 30). Retrieved November 1, 2006, from http://www.nlg.org/news/statements/AETA_Act.htm.

North American Animal Liberation Press Office (2006, December 20). Activists shrug off new Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.animalliberationpressoffice.org/press_releases/2006/pr_06_12_20_aeta.htm.

North American Animal Liberation Press Office (2006, September 19). 23 rabbits liberated from Massachusetts laboratory: Action claimed in solidarity with recently sentenced activists in anti-HLS campaign. Retrieved August 19, 2009, from http://www.animalliberationpressoffice.org/press_releases/2006/pr_06_09_19_capralogics.htm.

North American Animal Liberation Press Office (2008, February 6). UCLA vivisector gets return visit from animal liberationists. Retrieved August 19, 2009, from http://www.animalliberationpressoffice.org/press_releases/pr_08_02_06_londonburns.htm.

North American Animal Liberation Press Office (2008, October 6). Animal liberationists mock California law AB 2296. Retrieved August 19, 2009, from http://www.animalliberationpressoffice.org/.

North American Animal Liberation Press Office (2008, October 9). New California law leads to increased underground actions. Retrieved October 10, 2008, from http://www.animalliberationpressoffice.org.

North American Animal Liberation Press Office (2009). 2008 year-end report on animal liberation activities in North America. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.animalliberationpressoffice.org.

Norwood, Rep. (2006, December 5). Speaking on baseball. Congressional Record, p. E2073.

Osborne, J. (2009, June 3). Animal rights terrorism on the rise in U.S. Fox News. Retrieved March 15, 2009, from http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,525039,00.html.

Paddock, R. C. & LaGanga, M. L. (2008, August 5). Officials decry attacks on UC staff. Los Angeles Times, p. B1.

Patton, V. (2006, November 29). Fur store owner: Terror charges for activists. KGW-TV. Retrieved December 1, 2006, from http://www.kgw.com.

Pershing, B. (2008, June 11). Kucinich forces votes on Bush’s impeachment. Washington Post, p. A2.

Phillips, P. (2007). Censored 2008: The Top 25 Censored Stories of 2006–07. Seven Stories Press.

Potter, W. (2006, November 13). House passes Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act with little discussion or debate: Notes from the House floor. Green Is the New Red. Retrieved August 13, 2009, from http://www.greenisthenewred.com/blog/aeta-passes-house-recap/142/.

Prince, S. & Heinz, S. (2006, November 30). Activist looks beyond fur shop’s move. Oregonian, p. B2.

Quotes from leaders of the animal rights movement (n.d.). National Animal Interest Alliance. Retrieved March 1, 2008, from http://www.naiaonline.org/articles/archives/animalrightsquote.htm.

Richardson, V. (2007, June 1). Ecoterror waning despite SUV bombings: Specialist says heyday has ended, credits better law enforcement. Washington Times, p. A6.

Rose, J. (2008, June 7). Animal-rights group turns attention to Nicholas Ungar Furs in Portland. Oregonian. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.oregonlive.com/news/oregonian/index.ssf?/base/news/121280912130720.xml&coll=7.

Rybicki, E. (2006, December 8). Suspension of the rules in the House: Principal features. Congressional Research Service.

Schneider, J. (2003, May 12). House and Senate rules of procedure: A comparison. Report for Congress (Order Code RL30945).

Schrecker, E. (1998). Many are the crimes: McCarthyism in America. Boston: Little, Brown.

Schrecker, E. (2002). The age of McCarthyism: A brief history with documents. New York: Palgrave.

Scorecard for 111th Congress: U.S. House (n.d.). American Civil Liberties Union. Retrieved March 20, 2009, from http://action.aclu.org/site/VoteCenter?page=congScorecard.

Sending a clear signal to animal activists (2007, March 29). Dairy Herd Management. Retrieved April 14, 2007, from http://www.dairyherd.com.

Sensenbrenner speaks with Jay Weber on climategate (2009, December 7). Retrieved December 10, 2009, from http://sensenbrenner.house.gov/News/DocumentSingle.aspx?DocumentID=159311.

Sensenbrenner to tell Copenhagen: No climate laws until ‘scientific fascism’ ends (2009, December 9). Fox News. Retrieved December 10, 2009, from http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/12/09/sensenbrenner-climate-fascism/.

Sensenbrenner, Rep. (2006, November 13). Speaking on Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act. Congressional Record, p. H8594.

Smith, K. L. & Zepp, I. G. (1998). Search for the beloved community: The thinking of Martin Luther King, Jr. Valley Forge, Pa.: Judson Press.

Sutner, S. (2006, November 30). Animal protesters get results: McGovern pledges to help overturn animal terrorism law. Telegram & Gazette, p. B4.

Tady, M. (2006, November 13). New ‘terrorism’ laws to protect animal abusers’ profits. New Standard. Retrieved November 14, 2006, from http://newstandardnews.net/content/index.cfm/items/3883.

Terrorism statistics flawed (2006, April 12). Center for Defense Information. Retrieved April 17, 2008, from http://www.cdi.org.

Thousands attend groundbreaking for MLK memorial (2006, November 13). PBS Newshour. Retrieved November 14, 2006, from http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/social_issues/july-dec06/mlk_11-13.html.

Top 100 contributors Congressman F. James Sensenbrenner Jr. 2005–2006 (n.d.). Center for Responsive Politics. Retrieved March 20, 2009, from http://www.opensecrets.org/.

Trounson, R. & Mozingo, J. (2006, August 26). UCLA to protect animal research: The acting chancellor says the university will defend against ‘domestic terrorism’ directed at faculty engaged in scientific studies. Los Angeles Times, p. A1.

U.S. judge refuses to restrict protesters at Portland fur shop (2007, May 23). Oregonian. Retrieved May 25, 2007, from http://www.oregonlive.com.

Walker, S. (1999). In defense of American liberties: A history of the ACLU. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.

Chapter 9

Acts of Terrorism Transcending National Boundaries, Pub. L. No. 110-326, 122 Stat. 3560 (2006).

Abraham, K. (2006, November 22). Flames of dissent: Part 3, eco-anarchy imploding. Eugene Weekly, p. 12.

Affidavit for Search Warrants by John L. Ferreira, Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation (2005, December).

Barnard, J. (2007, June 5). McGowan sentenced to seven years for ecoterrorism fires. Associated Press.

Barnard, J. (2007, May 15). Federal prosecutors compare ELF arsonists to KKK. Associated Press.

Barnard, J. (2007, May 24). Earth Liberation Front arsonist sentenced to 13 years. Associated Press.

Barnard, J. (2007, May 27). Animal Liberation Front arsonist sentenced to 12 years. Associated Press.

Bishop, B. (2007, June 2). Pair to do federal time for arsons. Register-Guard, Eugene, OR. Retrieved September 11, 2007, from http://www.registerguard.com.

Bishop, B. (2007, May 24). Arson attacks ruled terrorism: A judge sentences an environmental activist to 13 years for a string of crimes, but gives him credit for cooperating. Register-Guard, p. A1.

Bishop, B. (2007, May 26). Third arsonist sentenced to 9 years. Register-Guard, p. A1.

Block, N. & Zacher, J. (2007, July 11). First epistle: Phoenix from the flames. Retrieved July 15, 2007, from http://www.ecoprisoners.org/nathanjoyanna.htm.

Carter, D. (2006, August 14). New federal courthouse in downtown Eugene, Oregon, is a courthouse. Daily Journal of Commerce.

Defendant Kevin Tubbs’ Memorandum on the Application of U.S.S.G. 3A1.4, United States v. Tubbs, No. CR 06-60070-AA (2007, May 4).

Defendant’s Memorandum of Law in Opposition to Application of the Terrorism Enhancement, United States v. Meyerhoff, No. CR 06-60078-AA (2007, May 4).

Eggen, D. (2007, September 27). Patriot Act provisions voided. Washington Post, p. A2.

Fattig, P. (2007, August 2). Eco-arson sends Paul to prison for 4 years. Mail Tribune. Retrieved August 3, 2007, from http://www.mailtribune.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070802/NEWS/708020325.

Fattig, P. (2007, June 6). ‘Good intentions gone bad’. Mail Tribune. Retrieved August 3, 2007, from http://www.mailtribune.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070606/NEWS/706060308.

Federal Domestic Terrorism Sentencing Enhancement, U.S.S.G. §3A1.4, 186 A.L.R Fed. 147 (2003).

Gjelten, T. (2009, December 14). Pentagon, CIA eye new threat: Climate change. National Public Radio’s Morning Edition. Retrieved December 15, 2009, from http://www.npr.org.

Government’s Sentencing Memorandum, United States v. Thurston, No. CR 06-60069-AA (2007, May 4).

Grigoriadis, V. (2006, August 10). The rise and fall of the eco-radical underground. Rolling Stone, pp. 73-107.

Harris, S. (2007, July 13). The terrorism enhancement: An obscure law stretches the definition of terrorism, and metes out severe punishments. National Journal, pp. 34-40.

Hoffman, H. (2002, June 10). Green Scare: Activists targeted as ‘terrorists’. In These Times, p. 3.

Kristof, N. (2007, August 16). The big melt. New York Times, p. 21.

McCall, W. (2007, May 23). Federal prosecutor: Oregon man was a leader of radical cell. Associated Press.

Memorandum in Opposition to Application of the Terrorism Enhancement, United States v. McGowan, No. CR 06-60124-AA (2007, May 4).

Memorandum of Law Opposing Imposition of Terrorism Enhancement, United States v. Gerlach, No. CR 06-60079-AA (2007, May 4).

Memorandum on Terrorism Enhancement, United States v. Zacher and Block, No. CR 06-60124-AA (2007, April 26).

Memorandum Opinion, United States v. Thurston, No. CR 06-60069-AA (2007, May 21).

Memorandum Opposing Application of the Terrorism Enhancement, United States v. Thurston, No. CR 06-60069-AA (2007, May 4).

Meyerhoff statement (2007, May 23). Register-Guard. Retrieved May 25, 2007, from http://www.registerguard.com/rgn/index.php/rgup/meyerhoff_statement/.

Oko, D. (2002, February 8). Ecoterrorists under fire. Mother Jones. Retrieved February 5, 2010, from http://motherjones.com/politics/2002/02/ecoterrororists-under-fire.

Patton, V. (2006, November 29). Fur store owner: Terror charges for activists. KGW-TV. Retrieved December 1, 2006, from http://www.kgw.com.

Paul, C. (2007, May 24). My brother, the ‘terrorist’. Los Angeles Times, p. A25.

Peeples, M. (2003, September 13). 16th street Baptist church bombing: Forty years later, Birmingham still struggles with violent past. National Public Radio’s All Things Considered. Retrieved March 1, 2005, from http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1431932.

Rampton, S. Fools rush in: The militia movement and Klamath Falls. PR Watch. Retrieved September 30, 2009, from http://www.prwatch.org/prwissues/2003Q2/fools.html.

Roselle, M. & Mahan, J. (2009). Tree spiker: From Earth First! to lowbagging: My struggles in radical environmental action. New York: St. Martin’s Press.

Southern Poverty Law Center (2001, Winter). Conflict in Klamath. Intelligence Report, 104.

Southern Poverty Law Center (2007, Spring). Patriot groups active in the year 2006. Intelligence Report, 125.

Sowell, J. (2004, August 27). Convicted firefighter loses appeal in Tiller forest arson case. News-Review. Retrieved May 1, 2005, from http://www.nrtoday.com/article/20040827/NEWS/108270018&SearchID=7321977519589.

Supplemental Memorandum Regarding Application of Terrorism Guideline, United States v. Paul, No. CR 06-60125-AA (2007, May 11).

Tolme, P. (2001, November 26). Terrorizing the environmental movement. Salon. Retrieved April 1, 2006, from http://www.salon.com/politics/feature/2001/11/26/ecoterror/print.html.

Top Ten Green Projects (2007, April 23). Retrieved January 1, 2008, from http://www.aiatopten.org/hpb/overview.cfm?ProjectID=776.

Townsend, M. & Harris, P. (2004, February 22). Now the Pentagon tells Bush: Climate change will destroy us. Guardian. Retrieved July 1, 2009, from http://www.guardian.co.uk.

Tullis, T. (2008, March 27). Is Briana Waters a terrorist? Salon. Retrieved April 1, 2008, from http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2008/03/27/briana_waters.

Wright, J. (2007, May 30). Arson defendant spared ‘terrorist’ label. Register-Guard, p. F1.

Chapter 10

Aref, et al. v. Holder, et al., D.C.

Ayres Jr., B. D. (1988, June 8). Prisoner charges poor conditions are U.S. ‘psychiatric experiment’. New York Times, p. A18.

Baldwin, B. (2008, January 31). Former eco-terrorist organized environmental film festival. Style Weekly. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://styleweekly.com.

Bales, W. D. & Mears, D. P. (2008). Inmate social ties and the transition to society: Does visitation reduce recidivism? Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 45(3), 287.

Benkahla v. Federal Bureau of Prisons, et al., 2:09-cv-00025-WTL-DML (S.D. Indiana 2009).

Churchill, W. & Vander, W., Jim (1992). Cages of steel: The politics of imprisonment in the United States. Washington, D.C.: Maisonneuve Press.

Churchill, W. & Vander, W., Jim (2002). The COINTELPRO papers: Documents from the FBI’s secret wars against dissent in the United States (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA: South End Press.

Commerce, Justice, Science, and related agencies appropriations for 2009: Hearing before a subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations, United States House of Representatives (Serial No. 42-792), 110th Cong., 2nd Sess. (2008).

“Communication Management Units” Federal Register 75:65 (6 April 2010) p. 17324.

Conley, J. K. (2008, March 5). Memorandum for all regional directors: Referrals for the Communications Management Units.

Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General. (2003, December). The Federal Bureau of Investigation’s efforts to improve the sharing of intelligence and other information. Audit Report 04-10.

Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General. (2006, September). The Federal Bureau of Prisons’ monitoring of mail for high-risk inmates. Report Number I-2006-009.

Dhafir, R. (2007, February 7). A letter from Dr. Dhafir about his transfer and new prison situation. Retrieved March 1, 2009, from http://www.dhafirtrial.net/2007/02/07/a-letter-from-dr-dhafir-about-his-transfer-and-new-prison-situation/.

Eggen, D. (2007, February 27). Facility holding terrorism inmates limits communication. Washington Post, p. A7.

Eisler, P. (2009, March 11). Terrorist watch list hits 1 million. USA Today, p. A1.

Exhibit F, Comments of Civil Liberties Groups. Federal Register 71:63 (3 April 2006) p. 16520.

Federal Bureau of Prisons (1999, January 29). Program statement on non-discrimination toward inmates. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.bop.gov/policy/progstat/1040_004.pdf.

Federal Bureau of Prisons (2006, November 30). Institution Supplement, THX-5270.07A.

Federal Bureau of Prisons (2007, July 3). Institution Supplement, THX-5267.08B.

Federal Bureau of Prisons (2008, March 20). Institution Supplement, MAR-5270.07A.

Federal Bureau of Prisons (2008, March 5). Institution Supplement, FLM 5267.08A.

Federal Bureau of Prisons (2008, November 13). Institution Supplement, MAR-5321.07A.

Federal Bureau of Prisons (2008, September 3). Notice to inmate of transfer to Communications Management Unit; Register number: 63794-053.

Federal Bureau of Prisons (n.d.). Federal prison facility locator. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.bop.gov/DataSource/execute/dsFacilityLoc.

Gonzales, L. (1989). The still point. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press.

Hughes, K. (2007, May-June). Dr. Rafil A. Dhafir at Terre Haute Prison’s new Communications Management Unit. Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, pp. 12–13.

Johnson, C. (2009, March 18). Prison officials are loosening restrictions on Taliban supporter. Washington Post, p. A6.

Katz, B. (2010, March 30). Locked up with militants, freed American talks. Reuters.

Katz, B. (2010, March 30). Special U.S. prisons unconstitutional: lawsuit. Reuters.

Kogan, R. (1990, June 26). Cruel punishment: A rough, raw look at 3 women in prison. Chicago Tribune, p. 5.

Korn, R. (1988). Follow-up report on the effects of confinement in the High Security Unit at Lexington. Social Justice, 15(1), 20-29.

Lassiter, C. (1990, September-October). Robo prison. Mother Jones, p. 54.

“Limited Communication for Terrorist Inmates.” Federal Register 71:63 (3 April 2006) p. 16520.

Luers, J. (2006, September 15). Dispatches. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.freefreenow.org/jw_dispatches.html.

McGowan, D. (2009, June 8). Tales from inside the U.S. Gitmo. Huffington Post. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.huffingtonpost.com.

Miller, J. G. (1996). Search and destroy: African-American males in the criminal justice system. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Mortensen, C. (2008, December 4). Terrorist prison. Eugene Weekly. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.eugeneweekly.com/2008/12/04/news1.html.

Myers, L. (2005, March 1). Imprisoned terrorists still advocating terror. MSNBC. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.msnbc.com.

O’Connor, S. (2007, April 5). Chains of love. Good. Retrieved 2010, March 1, from http://www.good.is.

Pizarro, J. & Stenius, V. M. K. (2004). Supermax prisons: Their rise, current practices, and effect on inmates. The Prison Journal, 84(2), 248.

Reeves, J. (2007, May 15). Extremist taunts his victims from prison. Associated Press.

Rosenblatt, E. (1996). Criminal injustice: Confronting the prison crisis. Boston, MA: South End Press.

Rosenblum, N. (1990). POV: Through the Wire [film]. PBS.

Rudolph, E. (2008, April 23). Supermax prison issues. Army of God. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.armyofgod.com/EricRudolphSuperMaxPrisonIssues.html.

Stepanian, A. (2010, May 11). Isolated in federal communication management units, silenced voices need ours. Huffington Post. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.huffingtonpost.com.

Terrorist recruitment and infiltration in the United States: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Terrorism, Technology, and Homeland Security of the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate 108th Cong., 1st Sess. (2003).

Theoharis, J. (2009, April 2). Guantanamo at home. Nation. Retrieved April 5, 2009, from http://www.thenation.com/doc/20090420/theoharis.

Van Bergen, J. (2007, February 16). Documents show new secretive US prison program isolating Muslim, Middle Eastern prisoners. Raw Story. Retrieved February 17, 2008, from http://www.rawstory.com/news/2007/Documents_show_new_secretive_new_US_0216.html.

Chapter 11

American Medical Association (1989, June). Animal research action plan.

An act of distinction [editorial] (2010, July 22). Nature, 466.

Anonymous. (2008, October 21). Bite Back Magazine. Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://directaction.info/news_oct21c_08.htm.

Are vegetarian diets worse than terrorists? (n.d.). Bible Life. Retrieved September 14, 2008, from http://www.biblelife.org/animal_rights.htm.

Ballou, B. R. & Mishra, R. (2006, October 7). Pet store manager charged with willful burning of shop. Boston Globe, p. B2.

Beal, T. (2005, December 13). 2 animal activists convicted of disrupting mountain lion hunt in Sabino Canyon. Arizona Daily Star. Retrieved December 15, 2005, from http://www.azstarnet.com/sn/hourlyupdate/106800.php.

Berman, P. T. & O’Hara-Forster, B. (1989, August 28). Road to war: Every time a Hitler threat ended in compromise, Hitler won. Time, p. 40.

Bernick Jr., B. (2009, February 6). Legislator takes aim at feds and ‘eco-terrorists’. Deseret Morning News.

Branigin, William & Hsu, Spencer S.). Pilot slams into IRS office in Texas. Washington Post, p. A3.

California dam must not be breached (2008, June 8). Feedstuffs. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http://www.feedstuffs.com.

Cole, D. (2003). Enemy aliens: Double standards and constitutional freedoms in the war on terrorism. New York: New Press : Distributed by W.W. Norton & Co.

Colson, C. (2007, November 13). Speciesism and rights for animals. Christian Post. Retrieved September 14, 2008, from http://www.christianpost.com.

Communist party membership no longer a fireable offence in California (2008, May 16). Guardian. Retrieved May 21, 2008, from http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/may/16/usa1.

Copeland, L. (2004, November 15). Domestic terrorism: New trouble at home. USA Today, p. A1.

Cote, J. (2008, August 5). Firebombs suggest new tactics for animal activists. San Francisco Chronicle, p. B1.

Covil, W. (2009, September 1). Fort Lee training to protect soldiers and families. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.wtvr.com/wtvr-fort-lee-training-exercise,0,2674495.story.

Coyle, M. (2008, January 28). DOJ upbraided over stalled DNA program. National Law Journal.

Criminal Complaint, United States v. Buddenberg, Khajavi, Pope, Stumpo, No. 5 09 70175 (2009, February 19).

Defendant’s Motion to Dismiss, United States v. Stumpo, No. CR 09-263 RMW (2009, June 8).

Department of Homeland Security, Universal Adversary Dynamic Threat Assessment (2008, May 7). Ecoterrorism: Environmental and animal-rights militants in the United States.

Department of Homeland Security, Office of Grants & Training (2005, December). Homeland security exercise and evaluation program, Volume V: Prevention exercises.

Department of Homeland Security, Office of Intelligence and Analysis (2006, April 13). Preventing attacks by animal rights extremists and eco-terrorists: Fundamentals of corporate security.

Department of Justice Office of the Inspector General (2006, September). The Federal Bureau of Prisons’ monitoring of mail for high-risk inmates. Report Number I-2006-009.

Dostoyevsky, F. (1992). Notes from the underground. New York: Dover Publications.

Doyle, M. (2009, February 10). FOIA terror. McClatchy. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://washingtonbureau.typepad.com/law/2009/02/why-are-you-hassling-me.html.

Dramatic anti terrorism drill. (2009, September 16). WITN. Retrieved October 1, 2009, from http://www.witn.com/home/headlines/59564022.html.

Farrell, J. & Martin, J. P. (2010, September 30). Rendell’s office releases content of all bulletins on planned protests. Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved September 30, 2010, from http://www.philly.com.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (2009, February 26). Ohio man sentenced to 20 years for terrorism conspiracy to bomb targets in Europe and the United States. Retrieved February 27, 2009, from http://cincinnati.fbi.gov/doj/pressrel/2009/ci022609.htm.

Federal Bureau of Investigation (2004, April 15). Tactics used by eco-terrorists to detect and thwart law enforcement operations. Retrieved March 4, 2009, from http://wikileaks.org.

Food industry must coalesce or lose war (2007, April 2). Feedstuffs. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http://www.feedstuffs.com.

Fox News (2008, March 31). FBI: Eco-terrorism remains no.1 domestic terror threat. Fox News. Retrieved March 10, 2010, from http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,343768,00.html.

Fur Commission USA. Hit lists of resource providers and others. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.furcommission.com/news/newsF05n.htm.

Gehrke, S. (2009, March 5). May trial set for two men accused of releasing mink at South Jordan farm. Salt Lake Tribune.

Ghate, O. (2006, February 26). Who will defend industry from eco-terrorism? Capitalism Magazine. Retrieved September 21, 2008, from http://www.CapMag.com/article.asp?ID=4584.

Goldstein, B. (2007, November 27). Terrorism: The slide show—a Power Point demonstration by the Department of Homeland Security. Slate. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http://www.slate.com.

Golimowski, J. (2007, July 31). Pro-animal groups push agenda on Capitol Hill. Cybercast News Service. Retrieved August 2, 2007, from http://www.cnsnews.com.

Heflin, C. (2008, September 27). Investigators waited four years for break in Washtenaw County ecoterrorism case. MLive.com. Retrieved September 30, 2009, from http://www.mlive.com/news/ann-arbor/index.ssf/2008/09/investigators_waited_four_year.html.

Hofstadter, R. (1965). The paranoid style in American politics, and other essays (1st ed.). New York: Knopf.

Homeland Infrastructure Threat and Risk Analysis Center (n.d.). Homeland security threat overview [Power Point presentation].

Indictment, United States v. Buddenberg, Khajavi, Pope, Stumpo, No. CR 09-263-RMW (2009, March 12).

Johnson, C. (2010, March 30). 9 members of militia group charged in plot against U.S. Washington Post, p. A4.

Kempner, J. (2008). The chilling effect: How do researchers react to controversy. Public Library of Science Medicine, 5(11), e222.

Knoll, C. & Bookwalter, G. (2008, August 2). Firebombs target UC researchers. Contra Costa Times. Retrieved May 9, 2010, from http://w3.nexis.com.

Kocieniewski, D. (2008, February 13). Usually on attack, U.S. attorney in Newark finds himself on the defensive. New York Times. Retrieved April 1, 2010, from http://www.nytimes.com.

Lamont v. Postmaster General, 381 U.S. 301 (1965), available at http://www.heartland.org/.

Luce, E. & Ward, A. (2008, June 24). McCain aide hits nerve with terror remark. Financial Times. Retrieved July 14, 2008, from http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/9d80f892-4177-11dd-9661-0000779fd2ac.html?nclick_check=1.

Lustgarten, A. (2010, September 8). Do ‘environmental extremists’ pose a criminal threat to gas drilling? Pro Publica. Retrieved 2010, September 20, from http://www.propublica.org.

Manning, S. (2004, December 6). Eco-terrorism suspected in Md. fires. Associated Press.

Marris, E. (2010, July 22). Animal rights ‘terror’ law challenged. Nature, 466.

Martosko, D. (2008, August 12). ‘Humane’ charities contribute to violence [letter to the editor]. Las Vegas Review-Journal, p. B8.

Miller, G. (2009, February 1). CIA retains power to abduct. Los Angeles Times, p. A1.

Missouri Information Analysis Center (2009, February 20). The modern militia movement. Retrieved March 15, 2009, from http://wikileaks.org.

Moran, G. (2008, March 27). Activist Coronado gets year in prison for arson talk. San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved 2008, September 6, http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/metro/20080327-1257-bn27rod.html.

Morgan, E. (2010, February 5). Layton man sentenced to 2 years in prison for mink-farm raid. Deseret Morning News. Retrieved February 5, 2010, from http://deseretnews.com.

Noakes, J. A. (1998). Bankers and common men in Bedford Falls: How the FBI determined that” It’s a Wonderful Life” was a subversive movie. Film History, 10(3), 311-319.

North American Animal Liberation Press Office (2008, August 22). 300 captive mink released from South Jordan, Utah fur farm. Retrieved August 23, 2008, from http://www.animalliberationpressoffice.org.

North American Earth Liberation Front Press Office (2008, November 11). Earth Liberation Front press office to new Obama administration: Protect the environment or the ELF will. Retrieved November 12, 2008, from http://www.elfpressoffice.org/naelfpo111108.pdf.

Order Dismissing Indictment Without Prejudice and Denying as Moot Other Pending Motions, United States v. Joseph Buddenburg, Maryam Khajavi, Nathan Pope, Adriana Stumpo, No. CR 09-00263 RMW (2010, July 12).

Overseas Security Advisory Council (2006, November 15). Animal rights extremists: Targets, tactics, business response & countermeasures [Power Point presentation].

Peet, J. (2010, June 12). NJIT homeland security center studies groundbreaking anti-terrorism technology. NJ.com. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/06/njit_scientists_homeland_secur.html.

Police on high alert over radical protestors (2009, February 5). WLNS TV 6. Retrieved February 6, 2009, from http://www.wlns.com/Global/story.asp?S=9793261&nav=menu25_2.

Robin, C. (2004). Fear: The history of a political idea. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press.

Rucker, P. (2010, March 25). Former militiaman unapologetic for calls to vandalize offices over health care. Washington Post. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.washingtonpost.com.

Sanger, D. E. (2009, May 16). Obama after Bush: Leading by second thought. New York Times, p. A3.

Sherman, J. & Cogan, M. (2010, March 24). The backlash: Reform turns personal. Politico. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.politico.com.

Shukovsky, P. (2009, January 28). FBI saw mortgage fraud early, agents say they lacked resources to pursue it. Seattle Post-Intelligencer, p. A1.

Shukovsky, P., Johnson, T., & Lathrop, D. (2007, April 11). The FBI’s terrorism trade-off: Focus on national security after 9/11 means that the agency has turned its back on thousands of white-collar crimes. Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved 2010, January 1, from http://www.seattlepi.com/national/311046_fbiterror11.html.

Smith, W. J. (2009, April 22). Homo Sapiens, get lost. National Review.

Snyders, M. (2008, May 21). Moles wanted: In preparation for the Republican National Convention, the FBI is soliciting informants to keep tabs on local protest groups. City Pages (Minneapolis/St. Paul). Retrieved May 1, 2010 from http://w3.nexis/com.

Squires, J. & Brown, J. M. (2009, February 21). Four arrested in string of animal rights attacks on UC scientists. Santa Cruz Sentinel. Retrieved February 21, 2009, from http://www.santacruzsentinel.com.

Stallman, B. (2007, March). Animal warfare: coming to your state soon. American Farm Bureau. Retrieved September 6, 2008, from http://www.fb.org.

Statement of Senator Barack Obama to the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment & Public Works (2005, May 18). Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://epw.senate.gov/hearing_statements.cfm?id=237833.

SUV Owners of America delivers ‘cease and desist’ petition to Arianna Huffington zealots (2003, August 27). PR Newswire.

Taylor, B. (2008). The Tributaries of Radical Environmentalism. Journal for the Study of Radicalism, 2(1), 27-61.

The Humane Society of the United States (2008, August 4). The HSUS offers reward in UC Santa Cruz arsons. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.hsus.org/press_and_publications/press_releases/hsus_offers_reward_in_ca_arsons_080408.html.

The mink slaughter [editorial] (2007, June 12). Pittsburgh Tribune Review. Retrieved June 12, 2007, from http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/opinion/archive/s_512094.html.

The Ayers connection; Obama erred in associating with the ex-Weatherman. But he’s not hanging out with ‘terrorists.’ [Editorial] (2008, October 7). Los Angeles Times, p. A18.

Thompson, B. G. (2005, April 19). 10 years after the Oklahoma City bombing, the Department of Homeland Security must do more to fight right-wing domestic terrorism. House Committee on Homeland Security. Retrieved 2010, July 1, from http://www.globalsecurity.org.

Thompson, H. S. (2003). The kingdom of fear: Loathsome secrets of a star-crossed child in the final days of the American century. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Trask, D. F. (1969). World War I at home: Readings on American life, 1914-1920. New York: Wiley.

Trujillo, H. R. (2005). The radical environmentalist movement. In Aptitude for destruction volume 2: Case studies of organizational learning in five terrorist groups. RAND.

Truman, H. S. (1951, April 3). Address at the cornerstone laying of the New York Avenue Presbyterian church. Retrieved May 1, 2009, from http://www.trumanlibrary.org/publicpapers/index.php?pid=280.

United States Department of Justice (2005, December 5). Three Charles County subdivision arson defendants sentenced. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://www.justice.gov/usao/md/.

United States Department of Justice (2009, February 2). Final defendant pleads guilty to anti-Obama assaults. Retrieved May 1, 2010, from http://newyork.fbi.gov/dojpressrel/pressrel09/nyfo020209.htm.

Van Putten, M. (2001, November 14). Environmental activism [letter to the editor]. New York Times, p. A26.

Walsh, E. J. (2000, February). The Animal Enterprise Protection Act: A scientist’s perspective. Lab Animal, 29(2), 24-29.

White, E. (2008, October 10). Feds acknowledge Mich. arsonist was key informant. Associated Press.

Widdowson, A. (2008, September 14). Urban Shield tests police ability. The Daily Californian. Retrieved September 15, 2008, from http://www.dailycal.org.

Wilber, D. Q. (2009, September 3). Museum shooting planned, officials say. Washington Post, p. B1.

Wilson, D. C. (2009, September 16). Marines hold training drill for real life situations. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from http://www.jdnews.com/news/real-67694-drill-situations.html.

Wolf, N. (2007). The end of America: Letter of warning to a young patriot. White River Junction, Vt.: Chelsea Green.

Zakin, S. (2006, August 10). The caged lion: Environmentalist Rod Coronado returns to prison a decade after his radical heyday. LA Weekly. Retrieved April 1, 2008, from http://w3.nexis.com.