INDEX

Abrams, Creighton W.; Vietnam War strategy and

Acheson, Dean

Adams, Sam

Afghanistan war, and Vietnam syndrome

Agent Orange, and Vietnam veterans

Agnew, Spiro T.

Aiken, George

Airmobile. See First Cavalry Division

Allen, George

American power: democratization and; neoconservatives and; Vietnam War and

LIMITS OF: Cold War and; Iraq War and; Nixon and; presidents and; Tet Offensive and; Vietnam War and

American Revolution, and Vietnamese revolution

Annam (central Vietnam)

antiwar demonstrations; American media and; Americans’ response to; Cambodia invasion and; at Kent State; of Mayday Tribe; moratorium on; Siege at the Pentagon as; of Vietnam Veterans Against the War

antiwar movement: American media and; Americans’ response to; Cambodia invasion and; civil disobedience and; college students and; Communism and; Congress and; Democratic National Convention (1968) and; domestic unrest and; draft and; FBI agent provocateurs and; growth of; hippies and; intelligence agencies and; Kent State and; LBJ and; moratorium and; Nixon and; North Vietnam and; North Vietnam bombing and; presidential election (1968) and; problems in; race and; SDS and; tactics of; Tet Offensive and; University of Michigan teach-in and; Vietnam policy and; Vietnamese Communist Party and; Watergate scandal and; withdrawal from Vietnam and

areas of operations (AOs)

Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN); deficiencies of; NLF and; South Vietnam instability and; U.S. military and; women in; Women’s Armed Forces Corps of, See also South Vietnam: military of

Asian Communist movements, and post–World War II U.S.

Associated State of Vietnam. See also State of Vietnam

attrition: atrocities and; battlefield isolation and; body counts and; bombing and; border control and; changed meaning of, through history; main force combat and; pacification and; problems with; U.S. military commanders and; Vietnam War assessments and; as Vietnam War strategy; Westmoreland and; World War I and

August Revolution; dark side of; Ho Chi Minh and; Japanese occupation of Vietnam and; U.S. and; World War II and. See also Vietnam: revolution in

Ball, George

Bao Dai; Diem regime and; French war in Vietnam and; “solution,”

Bay of Pigs, invasion at

Berman, Larry

Berry, Sidney S., Jr.

Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA)

Binh Xuyen

boat people

body counts: atrocities and; attrition strategy and; damage assessment problems with; Vietnam War assessments and; Westmoreland and

bombing. See Nixon, Richard: bombing by; North Vietnam: bombing of, by LBJ; North Vietnam: bombing of, by Nixon

Bosnia, war in

Bowles, Chester

Brezhnev, Leonid

Broyles, Bill

BTA. See Bilateral Trade Agreement

Buchwald, Art

Buddhists: burning suicides of; in Cambodia; Diem regime vs.; Vietnamese Communist Party and

Bundy, McGeorge

Bundy, William P.

Bunker, Ellsworth

Bush, George H. W.: MIA/POW accountability and; Road Map of, to diplomatic relations with Vietnam; Vietnam and; Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam veterans and; Vietnam War aftermath and. See also Persian Gulf War; presidents

Bush, George W.; doctrine of; Iraq War and; neoconservatives and; September 11, 2001, attacks and; Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam War analysis of; war on terrorism and. See also presidents

C. Turner Joy (destroyer)

Cambodia: bombing of; Buddhists in; China and; CIA and; Communist Party in; coup (1970) in; as Democratic Kampuchea; domino theory and; Fishhook area of; French colonialism and; Geneva Conference (1954) and; genocide in; Khmer Issaraks in; Khmer Rouge in; Khmer Serei in; Kissinger and; LBJ and; Lon Nol and; nationalism in; Nixon and; Operation Menu and; Sihanouk and; South Vietnam and; U.S. and; U.S. military incursions into; Vietnam invasion of; in Vietnam War; Vietnamese Communists and. See also Indochina

INVASION OF; BY NIXON; antiwar movement and; Kent State and; NLF and

Cao Dai (religious sect)

Card, Andrew, Jr.

Carter, Jimmy: MIA/POW accountability and; pardon of draft offenders by; Vietnam and; Vietnam War aftermath and. See also presidents

Carver, George

Castro, Fidel

Catholics, in South Vietnam

Catton, Phillip

Cav. See First Cavalry Division

Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); Cambodia and; Diem regime and; “Implications of an Unfavorable Outcome in Vietnam” by; Laos and; PRUs and; Vietnam War assessments by; “The Vietnamese Communists’ Will to Persist” by; Village Defense Program of

Central Office for South Vietnam (COSVN)

Chaisson, John

Chen Geng

children: NLF and; South Vietnam urbanization and

China: Cambodia and; DRV and; early Vietnam history and; French war in Vietnam and; Geneva Conference (1954) and; Nixon and; precolonial Vietnam and; Soviet Union, Vietnam, and; Soviet Union and; SRV and; U.S., Soviet Union, and; U.S., Vietnam, and; U.S. and; Vietnam and; Vietnamese women and

China Beach (television program)

Chinese, in South Vietnam

Chinese Communist Party, and Ho Chi Minh

“Christmas Bombing” (Operation Linebacker II)

Christopher, Warren

Church, Frank

CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency

civil rights, and LBJ

Civilian Irregular Defense Groups

Civilian Operations and Revolutionary Development Support (CORDS); NLF and; Phoenix program of; Village Self-Development Program of; village war and

class, and the draft

Clifford, Clark; Vietnam War assessments by

Clinton, Bill: Bosnian war and; Kosovo and; MIA/POW accountability and; Rwanda and; U.S.–Vietnam relations and; Vietnam and; Vietnam recognition by; Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam veterans and. See also presidents

Cochinchina

Cohen, Paul

Colby, William

Cold War: American power limits and; analysis of; containment strategy and; ending of, and Vietnam War lessons; French war in Vietnam and; JFK and; LBJ and; neoconservatives and; origins of; U.S., Vietnam, and; U.S.–French war in Vietnam and; Vietnam War and; Wise Men and

college students: antiwar movement and; Kent State and; McCarthy and; SDS and; University of Michigan teach-in and

Collins, J. Lawton

Combined Action Platoons

Communism: antiwar movement and; Eisenhower, Southeast Asia, and; of Ho Chi Minh; JFK vs.; LBJ vs.; Nixon vs.; presidential advisers and; U.S., Indochina, and; Vietnamese society, Confucianism, Marxism, and. See also containment strategy; Vietnam: Communism in

Communist nations, U.S. and aggression of

Communist Party. See Indochinese Communist Party; Vietnamese Communist Party

Communists: Asian; Chinese; Laotian. See also Vietnam: Communists in

Confucianism: Ho Chi Minh and; in precolonial Vietnam; Vietminh and; in Vietnam history; Vietnamese revolution and; Vietnamese society and; Vietnamese women and; villages and

“Confucianism and Marxism” (Vien)

Congress: American media and Vietnam hearings of; antiwar movement and; Democratic National Convention (1968) and; Ford and; French war in Vietnam and; LBJ and; Nixon and; North Vietnam bombing and; Vietnam civil war and; Vietnam War outcome and; Vietnam War response of; War Powers Resolution of

containment strategy; Cold War and; Eisenhower and; JFK and; LBJ and; liberal-realist analysis of; origin of; U.S., Vietnam, and; in U.S. policymaking; Vietnam War analysis and

continuity thesis

Contras

Cooper, Chester

CORDS. See Civilian Operations and Revolutionary Development Support

COSVN. See Central Office for South Vietnam

counterinsurgency: American advisers and; American theories on; Kennedy administration and

Cronkite, Walter

Cuba

Cuban Missile Crisis

Daley, Richard J.

Dallek, Robert

damage assessment: body counts and problems with; ground operations problems with; H&I fire and difficulty of

dau tranh (integrated political and military struggle)

Davidson, Phillip C.

“dawks,” on Vietnam War

Dean, Arthur

decent-interval strategy

Defense Intelligence Agency

de Gaulle, Charles

Delbrueck, Hans

Democratic Kampuchea. See also Cambodia

Democratic National Convention (1968): Americans’ response to; antiwar movement and

Democratic Party, fracturing of, and LBJ

Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV); China and; French war in Vietnam and; post–World War II independence and; Soviet Union and; Vietnam War victory and. See also French war in Vietnam; North Vietnam; Vietnam War

democratization: American power and; Iraq War and; military power limits as instrument of

DePuy, William E.

Dienbienphu: Eisenhower and; French war in Vietnam, Geneva Conference (1954), and; French war in Vietnam and

Dillon, C. Douglas

diplomacy: estrangement/reconciliation of U.S. and Vietnam and; LBJ and; Nixon and; Vietnam War and

domino theory; Eisenhower and; Nixon and; Southeast Asia and; U.S. policymaking and; Vietnam and

doves, on Vietnam War

draft; antiwar movement and; class/race and; offenders, Carter’s pardon of

DRV. See Democratic Republic of Vietnam

Dulles, Allen (CIA director)

Dulles, John Foster (secretary of state)

Duong Quynh Hoa

Easter Offensive

ecocide, and South Vietnam urbanization

economy. See socioeconomics; United States: economic problems of; Vietnam: economy of

EDC. See European Defense Community

Eisenhower, Dwight D.: containment strategy and; Diem regime and; Dienbienphu and; domino theory and; France, Diem regime, and; French war in Vietnam and; JFK and; Laos and; Nixon and; Vietnam policy of

Elliott, David

Ellsberg, Daniel

Ely, Paul

enclave strategy

European Defense Community (EDC)

Eye Corps. See I Corps

family, Vietnamese women and

Faure, Edgar

Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI): agent provocateurs of, and antiwar movement; wiretapping by, and Nixon

fiction, and Vietnam War

films, and Vietnam War

Fire in the Lake (FitzGerald)

First Cavalry Division (Airmobile)

First Indochina War. See French war in Vietnam

FitzGerald, Frances

Flags of Our Fathers (Broyles)

force-deployment strategy

Ford, Gerald R.; Congress and; Kissinger and; Vietnam civil war and; Vietnam War and. See also presidents

Forrest Gump (film)

Fortas, Abe

France: Eisenhower, Diem regime, and; U.S., Indochina independence, and. See also de Gaulle, Charles; French colonialism; French war in Vietnam

Franks, Lawrence

Freedman, Lawrence

French colonialism: Cambodia and; in Indochina; Japanese occupation of Vietnam and; Laos and; resurgence of, during Vietnamese independence; U.S. views of; Vietnam and coming of; Vietnam before; Vietnam history of; Vietnamese resistance against; Vietnamese revolution against; Vietnamese society and

French war in Vietnam; Bao Dai and; China and; Cold War and; Congress and; dénouement and legacies of; Dienbienphu, Geneva Conference (1954), and; Dienbienphu and; DRV in; early years of; Eisenhower, Geneva Conference (1954), and; Eisenhower and; First Indochina War as; Great Britain and; Ho Chi Minh and; Korean War and; Laos and; Nixon and; South Vietnam and; Soviet Union and; strategy in; tensions and ambiguities in; transition from, to American war; Truman and; U.S., Cold War, and; U.S. and; Vietminh and; Vietnam War and; Vietnamese Communism and; Vietnamese revolutionary nationalism and; weariness with, and negotiations

Fulbright, J. William

Galbraith, John Kenneth

Galloway, Joseph

Gandhi, Mohandas

General Offensive. See Tet Offensive

Geneva Accord/Conference/Agreements (1954): Cambodia and; China and; French war in Vietnam, Dienbienphu, and; French war in Vietnam, Eisenhower, and; Laos and; north–south division of Vietnam and; Soviet Union and; U.S. policymaking and

Geneva Accord/Conference/Agreement (1962)

Gia Long

Gibson, James William

Goldberg, Arthur

Goldwater, Barry

Goodman, Allan

Goodpaster, Andrew J.

Government of (South) Vietnam (GVN); corruption in; election (1967) and; inefficiency of; Vietnam policy toward; Vietnamese Communist Party infiltration of; villages and; war against NLF by. See also Army of the Republic of Vietnam; South Vietnam: military of

Great Britain, and French war in Vietnam

Great Society

Green Berets

Green Berets, The (novel and film)

Greene, Wallace

grunts (foot soldiers)

guerrillas: of NLF; of Vietnamese Communist Party; villages and

Gulf of Tonkin incident

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution; rescinding of

Gulf War. See Persian Gulf War

GVN. See Government of (South) Vietnam

Haig, Alexander

Halberstam, David

Haldeman, H. R. (Bob)

Hanoi. See also Democratic Republic of Vietnam; North Vietnam

harassment and interdiction (H&I)

Harkins, Paul

“Harnessing the Revolution in South Vietnam” (Vann)

Harriman, W. Averell

hawks, on Vietnam War: Goldwater as; Nixon as

Hayden, Tom

Heaven and Earth (film)

Helms, Richard

heroin trade, CIA and Laos

Herring, George

Hess, Gary

H&I. See harassment and interdiction

hippies: American media and; antiwar movement and

History in Three Keys (Cohen)

Hmong

Ho Chi Minh (Nguyen Ai Quoc); August Revolution and; Chinese Communist Party and; Communism of; Confucianism and; early life of; French colonialism and; French war in Vietnam and; Stalin and; U.S. and; Vietnam War and; Vietnamese Communism and; Vietnamese independence and; women in Vietnam War and. See also Vietminh

Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon)

Ho Chi Minh Trail; Cambodia bombing and; women and

Hoa Hao (religious sect)

Hue

Humphrey, Hubert H.

I Corps (Eye Corps)

ICP. See Indochinese Communist Party

“Implications of an Unfavorable Outcome in Vietnam” (CIA)

“Indian Country,”

Indochina: French colonialism in; independence of, and U.S. and France; U.S., Communism, and. See also Cambodia; Laos; Vietnam

Indochina Union

Indochinese Communist Party (ICP); early history of

Iraq War: American power limits and; democratization and; George W. Bush and; Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam War analysis and; Vietnam War comparisons to; Vietnam War lessons and; Vietnam War response in U.S. and; Vietnam War scholarship and. See also Persian Gulf War

Jamieson, Neil

Japan: and Eisenhower Vietnam policy; occupation of Vietnam by

JCS. See Joint Chiefs of Staff

JFK. See Kennedy, John F.

Johnson, Lyndon B. (LBJ); advisers of; antiwar movement and; Asian land war of; Cambodia and; civil rights and; Cold War and; on Communism; Congress and; containment strategy and; Democratic Party fracturing and; diplomacy and; domestic unrest and; foreign policy briefing (January 22, 1965) of; Great Society of; Gulf of Tonkin incident and; JFK, Vietnam, and; Joint Chiefs and; McNamara and; Nixon and; “October Surprise,” Nixon, and; peace negotiations and; personality of; presidential election (1968) and; RFK and; South Vietnam instability and; South Vietnam support by; Tet Offensive and; Thieu and; troop commitments and; U.S. economic problems and; Vietnam War, domestic policy, and; Vietnam War and; Vietnam War de-escalation and; Vietnam War doubts of; Vietnam War escalation and; Vietnam War pivotal year (1968) and; Vietnam War response in U.S. and; Vietnam War warnings ignored by; village war and; war on poverty of; Wise Men and. See also North Vietnam: bombing of, by LBJ; presidents

Joint Chiefs of Staff (Joint Chiefs, JCS); LBJ and; McNamara and; North Vietnam bombing and

Jorden, William J.

Kaiser, David

Kennedy, John F. (JFK): American advisers in Vietnam and; American media and; assassination of, and Vietnam War; Cold War and; on Communism; containment strategy and; coup against Diem regime (1963) and; Cuban Missile Crisis and; Diem regime support by; Eisenhower and; “exceptionalism” of; Laos and; LBJ, Vietnam, and; Nixon and; peace negotiations and; Vietnam and; Vietnam policy of; withdrawal from Vietnam, plan of

Kennedy, Robert F. (RFK); assassination of; LBJ and; peace negotiations and; presidential election (1968) and; Vietnam policy criticism by

Kennedy’s Wars (Freedman)

Kent State University

Kerry, John

Khe Sanh

Khmer Issaraks

Khmer Rouge

Khmer Serei

Khrushchev, Nikita

Killing Fields, The (film)

King, Martin Luther, Jr.: assassination of; Vietnam War and

Kissinger, Henry A.: Cambodia and; Ford and; Nixon and; peace negotiations and; Vietnam War assessment by; Vietnam War outcome and

Kolko, Gabriel

Komer, Robert

Korean War; French war in Vietnam and; Truman and; Vietnam War and

Kosovo

Kosygin, Alexei

Kovic, Ron

Laird, Melvin

Land to the Tiller (LTT)

Laniel, Joseph

Lansdale, Edward G.

Lao Dong. See also Vietnamese Communist Party

Lao Issara

Laos; bombing of; CIA and; civil war in; Communists in; coups (1959/1960) in; domino theory and; Eisenhower and; French colonialism and; in French war in Vietnam; Geneva Conference (1954) and; Geneva Conference (1962) and; heroin trade, CIA, and; Hmong in; JFK and; Lao Issara in; nationalism in; North Vietnam and; Pathet Lao in; South Vietnam invasion of; U.S. and; Vang Pao and; in Vietnam War. See also Indochina

Laos Accord (1962)

LBJ. See Johnson, Lyndon B.

Le Duan

Le Duc Tho

Le dynasty

Le Loi

legitimists

LeMay, Curtis

Lenin, Vladimir

Leninism, and Vietnamese Communist Party

Lewy, Guenter

liberal-realist analysis

Lind, Michael

Lippman, Walter

Lodge, Henry Cabot, Jr.

Logevall, Fredrik

Lon Nol

LTT. See Land to the Tiller

MAAG. See Military Assistance Advisory Group

MACV. See Military Assistance Command, Vietnam

Maddox (destroyer)

main force combat: attrition strategy and; ground operations damage assessment problems and; Vietnam War strategy and

Manila Pact (Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty)

Mansfield, Mike

Mao Zedong

Marr, David

Marshall, George

Marxism: Marxist/neo-Marxist Vietnam War analysis; Vietnamese revolution and; Vietnamese society, Confucianism, and

M*A*S*H (film and television program)

May, Ernest

McCain, John

McCarthy, Eugene; college students and

McCloy, John J.

McConnell, John P.

McDonald, David

McGovern, George

McHale, Shawn

McNamara, Robert; Joint Chiefs and; LBJ and; stabilization proposal of; Vietnam War doubts of

McNaughton, John T.

McPherson, Harry

media: antiwar demonstrations and; antiwar movement and; congressional hearings and; exposé of Vietnam policy by; hippies and; JFK and; Nixon vs.; Vietnam War outcome and; Vietnam War response in U.S. and; Vietnam War response of; Watergate scandal and

Mendès-France, Pierre

missing in action (MIA)/prisoners of war (POW): Carter and; Clinton and; George H. W. Bush and; Nixon and; North Vietnam and; Reagan and; release of POWs; Vessey and

military. See Army of the Republic of Vietnam; North Vietnamese Army; Vietnam War: military in; Vietnamese Communist Party: military of

Military Assistance Advisory Group (MAAG)

Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV); force-deployment strategy of; parallel wars concept of; Vietnam War strategy and

military power limits, as instrument of democratization

military theory

Ministry of Rural Construction

moderates, on Vietnam War

Moyar, Mark

Murphy, Robert

Mus, Paul

My–Diem regime. See also South Vietnam: Diem regime in

My Lai massacre

National Liberation Front (NLF); ARVN and; cadres of; children and; deficiencies of, on battlefield; equipment of; guerrillas of; GVN forces and; hamlets and; intelligence network of; peasants and; PLAF and; religion and; rise of South Vietnam insurgency and; South Vietnam military and; Tet Offensive and; Vietcong as; Vietnamese Communist Party and; villages and; war strategy of; women and; Women’s Liberation Association of. See also Vietcong; Vietnamese Communist Party: military of

WAR AGAINST: attack on VCI and; Cambodia invasion and; CORDS and; GVN and; Phoenix program and; U.S. military and; in villages; Westmoreland and

National Security Action Memorandum (NSAM): NSAM; NSAM

nationalism: in Cambodia; in Laos. See also Vietnam: nationalism in

NATO. See North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Navarre, Henri

neoconservatives: American power and; Cold War and; George W. Bush and; September 11, 2001, attacks and; U.S. policymaking and; Vietnam syndrome and; war on terrorism and; world dangers and

Neustadt, Richard

Ngo Dinh Diem; assassination of; profile of

Ngo Dinh Nhu

Ngo Dinh Nhu, Madame

Nguyen Ai Quoc. See Ho Chi Minh

Nguyen Be

Nguyen Cao Ky

Nguyen Duc Thang

Nguyen dynasty

Nguyen Hue Offensive (1972)

Nguyen Khac Vien

Nguyen Thi Binh

Nguyen Thi Dinh

Nguyen Van Thieu; LBJ and; Nixon and; village war and

Nicaragua

Nixon, Richard M.; advisers of; American media vs.; American power limits and; antiwar movement and; Cambodia and; Cambodia invasion and; China and; on Communism; Congress and; domino theory and; Eisenhower and; FBI wiretapping/illegal acts of; French war in Vietnam and; Kissinger and; LBJ and; linkage diplomacy and; “madman theory” of; “October Surprise,” LBJ, and; peace negotiations and; presidential election (1968) and; presidential election (1972) and; psychology of; resignation of, from office; Silent Majority speech of; Tet Offensive and; Thieu and; troop withdrawals and; U.S. economic problems and; Vietnam policy of; Vietnam War and; Vietnam War de-escalation and; Vietnam War escalation and; as Vietnam War hawk; Vietnam War outcome and; Vietnam War response in U.S. and; Vietnam War strategy of; Vietnamization and; village war and; Watergate scandal and; withdrawal from Vietnam and. See also presidents

ADMINISTRATION OF: decent-interval strategy of; MIA/POW accountability and; reasonable-interval strategy of; South Vietnam invasion of Laos and; two-part approach to Vietnam War of

BOMBING BY: of Cambodia; of Laos; in Operation Duck Hook; in Operation Menu; peace negotiations and threats of; of South Vietnam. See also North Vietnam: bombing of, by Nixon

Nixon Doctrine. See also Vietnamization

NLF. See National Liberation Front

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

North Vietnam: air war and; antiwar movement and; civil war and; Diem regime vs.; DRV as; Easter Offensive and; interdiction copings of; Laos and; MIA/POW accountability and; peace negotiations and; protracted war doctrine of; as resilient enemy; South Vietnam precolonial differences with; Soviet Union and; strategy of; Tet Offensive and; Vietnam War response in U.S. and; women in Vietnam War and; Workers Party of. See also Democratic Republic of Vietnam; Hanoi; Tet Offensive; Vietnamese Communist Party

BOMBING OF, BY LBJ: antiwar movement and; border control and; civilian “collateral damage” deaths and; Congress and; effects of; failures of; Joint Chiefs and; in Operation Rolling Thunder; peace negotiations and; politics/military choices over; troop commitments and; U.S. policymaking and; as Vietnam War escalation; Vietnam War response in U.S. and

BOMBING OF, BY NIXON: in Operation Linebacker; Vietnamization and

North Vietnamese Army (NVA), women in. See also People’s Army of Vietnam

NSAM. See National Security Action Memorandum

NVA. See North Vietnamese Army

O/B. See order of battle

O’Brien, Tim

“October Surprise,”

Oglesby, Carl

On Strategy: A Critical Analysis of the Vietnam War (Summers)

Open Door Policy

Operation Breakfast

Operation Cedar Falls

Operation Duck Hook

Operation Junction City

Operation Lam Son

Operation Linebacker I

Operation Linebacker II (“Christmas Bombing”)

Operation Menu: Cambodia bombing in; Operation Breakfast in; Operation Lunch in

Operation Rolling Thunder

Operation Vulture

OPLAN 34A

order of battle (O/B); assessment dispute over

pacification; attrition strategy and; H&I fire and; measuring progress problems of; RD and; Vietnam War assessments and; as Vietnam War strategy; Vietnamization and; village war and; villages and

Palmer, Bruce

Paris Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam (1973). See also Paris Peace Accords

Paris Peace Accords

Pathet Lao; takeover of Laos by; Vietminh and

Paul IV (pope)

PAVN. See People’s Army of Vietnam

peace negotiations. See Vietnam War: peace negotiations

Pentagon: PROVN by; Siege at the; Vietnam War assessments by

Pentagon Papers; Watergate scandal and

People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN); Nguyen Hue Offensive of; Vietnamese Communist Party military and. See also North Vietnamese Army

People’s Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF); NLF and. See also Vietcong

Persian Gulf War: Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam War and

Pham Van Dong

Phan Boi Chau

Phnom Penh

Phoenix program: criticism of; PRUs in; war against NLF and

Pigneau de Béhaine, Pierre Joseph

Pike Committee

PLAF. See People’s Liberation Armed Forces

Platoon (film)

Podhoretz, Norman

poetry, and Vietnam War

Pol Pot

Poland

Popkin, Samuel

popular music, and Vietnam War

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

poverty: LBJ war on. See also Great Society

Powell, Colin

Powell Doctrine

presidential advisers

CIVILIAN: Communism and; divisions/debates among LBJ; divisions/debates among Nixon; of LBJ. See also United States: foreign policy of; United States: Vietnam policy of

MILITARY: of JFK; of LBJ

presidential elections: of 1964; of 1972; of 1976; of 1992; of 2004; Vietnam War and

OF 1968: antiwar movement and; Democratic National Convention and; LBJ, Nixon, “October Surprise,” and; LBJ and; Nixon and; RFK and; Vietnam War and

presidents: American power limits and; culpability of, for Vietnam War; Vietnam policy of; Vietnam War history distortion by; Vietnam War options of. See also specific presidents

PRG. See Provisional Revolutionary Government

Print and Power (McHale)

prisoners of war. See missing in action (MIA)/prisoners of war (POW)

Program for the Pacification and Long-Term Development of South Vietnam, The (PROVN; Pentagon)

Project Beefup

Provincial Reconnaissance Units (PRUs)

Provisional Revolutionary Government (PRG)

PROVN. See Program for the Pacification and Long-Term Development of South Vietnam, The

PRUs. See Provincial Reconnaissance Units

PTSD. See post-traumatic stress disorder

quagmire thesis

Quiet American, The (novel and film)

Quindlen, Anna

race: antiwar movement and; draft and; Vietnam veterans and; Vietnam War and

Radford, Arthur

RD. See revolutionary development

Reagan, Ronald: MIA/POW accountability and; Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam veterans and; Vietnam War and. See also presidents

regional conflicts: U.S. policymaking and; Vietnam War lessons for

Reinhart, G. Frederick

religion: NLF and; South Vietnam and; Vietnamese Communist Party and

Republic of Vietnam (RVN): attempt at nation building in; women prisoners of. See also South Vietnam; South Vietnam: Diem regime in

revolutionary development (RD); cadre teams of

revolutionary warfare: NLF and; Vietnamese Communist Party and

RFK. See Kennedy, Robert F.

Rice, Condoleezza

Road to Revolution, The (Ho Chi Minh)

Rogers, William

Romney, George

Roosevelt, Franklin D.

Rostow, Walt Whitman

Rumsfeld, Donald

Rusk, Dean

Russell, Richard

Russia. See Soviet Union

RVN. See Republic of Vietnam

Rwanda

Saigon; fall of; renaming of, to Ho Chi Minh City; South Vietnam urbanization and; Tet Offensive and. See also South Vietnam

Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr.

Scott, James

Scruggs, Jan

SDS. See Students for a Democratic Society

SEATO. See Southeast Asia Treaty Organization

Second Indochina War. See Vietnam War

September 11, 2001, attacks: George W. Bush and; neoconservatives and; Vietnam syndrome and

Sharp, Ulysses S. Grant

Sihanouk, Norodom

Silent Majority speech (Nixon)

Smith, Walter Bedell

Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV). See also Vietnam

socioeconomics: of South Vietnam; of Vietnamese peasants; of Vietnamese society

Somalia

Son Ngoc Thanh

Souphanouvong

South Vietnam: American advisers in; bombing of; Cambodia and; Catholics in; Chinese in; civil war and; civil war in; counterinsurgency warfare in; elites in; JFK and LBJ deeper commitment to; LBJ and; LTT in; Ministry of Rural Construction of; Nixon and; NLF and rise of insurgency in; North Vietnam precolonial differences with; objectives of, in Vietnam War; peace negotiations and; post–French war in; post–World War II independence problems of; religion and; RVN as; socioeconomics of; State of Vietnam as; Thieu government and village war in; under siege (1961–1965); U.S. nation building in; U.S. policymaking and; U.S. public-relations spin about; Vietnamization and; villages in; weakness of, after Tet Offensive. See also Government of (South) Vietnam; Republic of Vietnam; Saigon

DIEM REGIME IN: Bao Dai and; Buddhists vs.; CIA and; coup (1963) against; Eisenhower, France, and; Eisenhower and; insurgency against; internal unrest and; JFK and; LBJ and; North Vietnam vs.; South Vietnam military and; South Vietnam threat to; Vietcong vs.; Vietminh vs.; Vietnamese Communists vs.; women and

MILITARY OF: Diem regime and; fragmentation of effort by; militias and; NLF and; structure of; U.S. military and; village war and; women and. See also Army of the Republic of Vietnam

URBANIZATION OF; children and; Saigon and; Tet Offensive and; Westmoreland and

Southeast Asia: domino theory and; Eisenhower, Communism, and; postwar politics of; postwar wars in. See also Cambodia; Indochina; Laos; Vietnam

Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty (Manila Pact)

Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)

Souvanna Phouma

Soviet Union: China, Vietnam, and; China and; collapse of; DRV and; French war in Vietnam and; Geneva Conference (1954) and; North Vietnam and; peace negotiations and; U.S., China, and; U.S., Vietnam, and; U.S. and; Vietnam and. See also Cold War

SRV. See Socialist Republic of Vietnam

stalemate thesis

Stalin, Joseph; Ho Chi Minh and

Steel, Ronald

Stennis, John

Stevenson, Adlai

Stone, Oliver

Strategic Hamlet Program

Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)

Summers, Harry

tactics: of antiwar movement; level of war; Vietnam War strategy and

Tay Son Rebellion

Taylor, Maxwell

television, and Vietnam War

terrorism. See September 11, 2001, attacks; war on terrorism

Tet Offensive; antiwar movement and; LBJ and; limits of American power and; as military blunder; Nixon and; NLF and; North Vietnam and; operations of; peace negotiations and; post– (1969); results of; South Vietnam and; South Vietnam urbanization and; strategy of; U.S. economic problems and; Vietcong and; Vietnam War reevaluation after; Vietnam War response in U.S. and

To Ngoc Van

Tonkin (northern Vietnam)

Tran Van Giau

Tran Van Tra

Triumph Forsaken (Moyar)

Truman, Harry S.; French war in Vietnam and; Korean War and

Truman Doctrine

Trung sisters

Truong Son Strategic Supply Route. See also Ho Chi Minh Trail

U Thant

Understanding Vietnam (Jamieson)

United Action plan/coalition

United States (U.S.): Asian Communist movements and; August Revolution and; Cambodia and; China, Vietnam, and; China and; Cold War, French war in Vietnam, and; Communist nations aggression and; estrangement/reconciliation of, with Vietnam; French war in Vietnam and; Ho Chi Minh and; imperialism of; Indochina, Communism, and; Indochina, France, and; Laos and; misinterpretations about Vietnam and Vietnam War in; post-1930s “nip aggression” assumption of; post–World War II; response of, to world dangers; Soviet Union, China, and; Soviet Union, Vietnam, and; Soviet Union and; trade of, with Vietnam; World War I and. See also American power; Cold War; Vietnam War

DOMESTIC POLICY OF: LBJ Vietnam policy and; LBJ war on poverty. See also Great Society

DOMESTIC POLITICS IN: Vietnam policy and; Vietnam War and

DOMESTIC UNREST IN: antiwar movement and; LBJ and; peace negotiations and

ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF: LBJ and; Nixon and; Tet Offensive and; Vietnam War and

FOREIGN POLICY OF: containment strategy and; “credibility,” Vietnam War, and; domino theory and; Geneva Agreements (1954) and; neoconservatives and; North Vietnam bombing and; regional conflicts and; South Vietnam instability and; Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam War and; war on terrorism and; world dangers and. See also presidential advisers; United States: domestic policy of; United States: Vietnam policy of

MILITARY OF: incursions of, into Cambodia; Vietnam syndrome and

VIETNAM POLICY OF: American media exposé of; antiwar movement and; Cold War and; Congress and; “credibility” and; of ecocide and urbanization; Eisenhower and; goals of; toward GVN; Japan, Eisenhower, and; JFK and; LBJ and; LBJ domestic policy and; LBJ review of; Nixon and; official Washington explanation for; RFK and; South Vietnam and; urbanization as; Vann thesis and. See also presidential advisers; Vietnam War: disengagement from; Vietnam War: escalations of; Vietnam War: strategy of

University of Michigan, teach-in at

U.S. Army Special Forces. See Green Berets

Vang Pao

Vann, John Paul

VCI. See Vietcong infrastructure

Vessey, John

Vientiane

Vietcong; Diem regime vs.; hamlets and; NLF as; Tet Offensive and; Vietminh as. See also National Liberation Front; People’s Liberation Armed Forces; Vietminh

Vietcong infrastructure (VCI), war against NLF and attack on

Vietminh; Confucianism and; Diem regime vs.; French war in Vietnam and; Japanese occupation of Vietnam and; Pathet Lao and; as Vietcong; Vietnamese Communism and. See also Ho Chi Minh; Vietcong

Vietnam: Carter and; China, Soviet Union, and; China, U.S., and; China and; Clinton and; domino theory and; economy of; estrangement/reconciliation of, with U.S.; Ford and; French colonialism and; French withdrawal from; George H. W. Bush and; invasion of Cambodia by; Japanese occupation of; JFK, LBJ, and; JFK and; postwar; precolonial; presidents’ culpability over; Reagan and; Soviet Union and; trade of, with U.S.; U.S., Cold War, and; U.S., Soviet Union, and; U.S. and; U.S. “credibility” and. See also French war in Vietnam; Indochina; North Vietnam; South Vietnam; Vietnam War

CIVIL WAR IN (1973–1975): Congress and; Ford and; outcome of; peace negotiations and

COMMUNISM IN: French war and; Ho Chi Minh and; Japanese occupation and; nationalism and; origins of; Vietminh and; Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth League and; virtue of. See also Vietnamese Communist Party

COMMUNISTS IN; Cambodia and; Diem regime vs. See also Vietnamese Communist Party

EARLY HISTORY OF; China and; Confucianism and; dynasties in; external threats in; struggle for unification in; villages in

HAMLETS IN: NLF and; Strategic Hamlet Program and; Vietcong and; Vietnamese Communist Party and. See also Vietnam: villages in; Vietnam War: village war in

HISTORY OF: August Revolution; buildup to Vietnam War; Confucianism in; conservative revisionism of; coup (1963) against Diem regime; Eisenhower and; French colonialism and; French war in; JFK and; NLF and rise of South Vietnam insurgency; precolonial; struggle for unification in. See also Vietnam: early history of

INDEPENDENCE OF: wars for. See also Vietnam: post–World War II independence of

NATIONALISM IN: Communism and; Francophile; French colonialism and; French war in Vietnam and; Japanese occupation and; non-Communist anticolonial movements and; rise of revolutionary; South Vietnam Chinese and

NORTH–SOUTH DIVISION OF; scheduled unification elections (1956) and

PEASANTS IN: city and; “fence-sitters” among; NLF and; socioeconomics of; urbanization and; Vietnamese Communist Party and; Vietnamese revolution and. See also Vietnam: villages in

POST–WORLD WAR II INDEPENDENCE OF: French colonialism and; Ho Chi Minh and; problems of

REVOLUTION IN: American Revolution and; analysis of; Confucianism and; dark side of; French colonialism and; Marxism and; peasants and; society and; U.S. and; World War II and. See also August Revolution; Ho Chi Minh; Vietminh

SOCIETY OF: analysis of; Communism, Confucianism, Marxism, and; Confucianism and; French colonialism and; socioeconomics of; urbanization and; Vietnamese revolution and; villages and

UNIFICATION (1956) OF, ELECTIONS FOR: Diem and; Eisenhower and; Geneva Conference (1954) and

VILLAGES IN: Confucianism and; early history of; guerrillas and; GVN and; H&I fire and; NLF and; pacification of; socioeconomics of; in South Vietnam; Strategic Hamlet Program and; urbanization and; Vietnamese Communist Party and; in Vietnamese society. See also Vietnam: hamlets in; Vietnam: peasants in; Vietnam War: village war in

WOMEN IN: China and; Confucianism and; family and; traditional roles of; as warriors

WOMEN IN, AND VIETNAM WAR: ARVN and; contributions of; Diem regime and; family preservation and; Ho Chi Minh and; Ho Chi Minh Trail and; as “long-haired warriors,”; men serving with; NLF and; in North Vietnam; in NVA; as RVN prisoners; South Vietnam military and; as unseen fighters; as victims; Vietnamese Communist Party and; Vietnamese Women’s Solidarity Movement; woman-warrior tradition and; Women’s Armed Forces Corps; Women’s Liberation Association

Vietnam Nationalist Party. See Vietnam Quoc Dan Dang

Vietnam Quoc Dan Dang (VNQDD)

“Vietnam Situation and Options” (Kissinger)

Vietnam syndrome; Afghanistan war and; Bosnian war and; Clinton and; George H. W. Bush and; George W. Bush and; Iraq War and; Kosovo and; neoconservatives and; origin/development of; Persian Gulf War and; Reagan and; Rwanda and; September 11, 2001, attacks and; Somalia and; U.S. foreign policy and; U.S. military and; Vietnam veterans and; Vietnam War aftermath and; Vietnam War response in U.S. and

Vietnam veterans. See Vietnam War: veterans of

Vietnam Veterans Against the War; antiwar demonstrations by

Vietnam Veterans Memorial (“the Wall”)

Vietnam War: as air war; American power and; American power limits and; American way of war in; atrocities during; Cambodia in; Cold War and; costs of; “crossover point” in; deaths in; de-escalation of; domestic politics and; DRV victory in; Easter Offensive in; enduring relevance of; experiencers of; fiction and; films and; Ford and; French war in Vietnam and; historians of; as history/myth/event; Ho Chi Minh and; Iraq War and; JFK, LBJ, and; JFK assassination and; as “Johnson’s War,”; Korean War and; Laos in; LBJ and; legacy and postwar perspectives of; loss of; McNamara and; misinterpretations about Vietnam and; names for; Nixon and; Persian Gulf War and; pivotal year (November 1967–November 1968) of; poetry and; popular music and; race and; reevaluation of, after Tet Offensive; stalemate in; stocktaking of; tactics in; television and; themes of; topical perspectives of; transition of, from French war; U.S. economic problems and; Vietnamese in; Vietnamese views of; Vietnamization and; as war that will not go away. See also antiwar movement; French war in Vietnam; Gulf of Tonkin incident; Tet Offensive; United States: Vietnam policy of; Vietnam: society of; Vietnam: women in, and Vietnam War

AFTERMATH OF; Carter and; denial of lessons of; George H. W. Bush and; postmortems of; postwar wars/politics and; Reagan and; reexaminations of; U.S. and; Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam veterans and. See also Vietnam War: consequences of; Vietnam War: legacy of; Vietnam War: outcome of

ANALYSIS OF: American performance in; balance of ends and means in; containment strategy and; by George W. Bush; Iraq War and; liberal-realist; Marxist/neo-Marxist; need for realistic; origins of; quagmire thesis; stalemate thesis; by Vann; win thesis

ANALYSIS OF, REVISIONIST; origins of; Vietnam history and; Vietnam syndrome and

ASSESSMENTS OF: attrition strategy and; body counts and; border control and; by CIA; by Clifford; by Goodpaster; ground operations and; by Kissinger; by LBJ; main force combat and; O/B dispute and; operations research and; pacification and; by Pentagon; systems analysis and; by U.S. military; Vietnam War strategy and; of Vietnamese Communist Party military strength; by Westmoreland. See also damage assessment

CONSEQUENCES OF; for domestic politics; for presidential elections; questions about; for U.S. economy. See also Vietnam syndrome; Vietnam War: aftermath of; Vietnam War: legacy of; Vietnam War: outcome of

DISENGAGEMENT FROM: Nixon and; Wise Men and

ESCALATIONS OF: by LBJ; by Nixon; North Vietnam bombing and; threats of, and peace negotiations. See also Vietnam War: troop commitments to

HISTORY OF: chronological perspectives; current U.S. policymaking and; presidents’ distortion of

LEGACY OF: estrangement/reconciliation of U.S. and Vietnam as; Vietnam veterans and. See also Vietnam War: aftermath of; Vietnam War: consequences of; Vietnam War: outcome of

LESSONS OF; Cold War and; denial of; Iraq and; Iraq War and; military power limits for democratization and; questions about; for regional conflicts; U.S. policymaking and; Vietnam War response in U.S. and

MILITARY IN; ARVN and; “assembly line” ground war of; attrition strategy of; formula of; LBJ and; NLF and; South Vietnam military and; supply-and-support system of; techno war of; Vann criticism of; village war and; war assessments of

OPERATIONS IN: Operation Breakfast; Operation Cedar Falls; Operation Duck Hook; Operation Junction City; Operation Lam Son; Operation Linebacker; Operation Menu; Operation Rolling Thunder; Operation Vulture. See also Cambodia: invasion of, by Nixon

ORIGINS OF: analysis of; explanations of; questions about; revisionist analysis of

OUTCOME OF; American media and; arguments over; Congress and; Ford and; Nixon, Ford, and Kissinger and; Nixon and; Vietnam War response in U.S. and. See also Vietnam War: aftermath of; Vietnam War: consequences of; Vietnam War: legacy of

PEACE NEGOTIATIONS: bombing threats and; domestic unrest and; French war weariness and; JFK and; Kissinger and; LBJ and; Nixon and; North Vietnam and; North Vietnam bombing and; Paris Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam and; Paris Peace Accords and; presidential election (1972) and; RFK and; South Vietnam and; Soviet Union, North Vietnam, U.S., and; Tet Offensive and; troop commitments and; TVA for the Mekong and; Vietnam civil war and; withdrawal from Vietnam and. See also Geneva Accord/Conference/Agreements

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS AND; of 1968

RESPONSE TO: by American media; by antiwar movement; by Congress; Iraq War and; by King; LBJ and; lessons and; as mistake; Nixon and; North Vietnam and; North Vietnam bombing and; Tet Offensive and; Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam War outcome and; withdrawal from Vietnam and. See also antiwar movement

SCHOLARSHIP ON: Iraq War and; on JFK/LBJ “turning-point” argument; on presidential options

STRATEGY OF; Abrams and; antecedents of strategic interest in Vietnam and; attrition and; battlefield isolation as; bombing and; border control and; critical analysis of; decent-interval strategy and; deployment strategy and; difficulties of; diplomacy and; disagreement about; draft and; enclave strategy and; force-deployment strategy and; formula/approach and; vs. goals; LBJ and; MACV and; main force combat and; Nixon and; one-war strategy and; operational level of war and; operations vs. higher level of; pacification and; reasonable-interval strategy and; tactics and; Tet Offensive and; troops and; Vietnam War assessments and; village war and; Westmoreland and. See also attrition; containment strategy; pacification; United States: Vietnam policy of; Vietnamization

TROOP COMMITMENTS TO: LBJ and; North Vietnam bombing and; peace negotiations and; Westmoreland and. See also Vietnam War: escalations of

TROOP WITHDRAWALS FROM: Nixon and; Vietnamization and. See also Vietnam War: withdrawal from

TROOPS OF: American way of war in Vietnam and; AOs of; NLF and; Vietnam War strategy and. See also draft; United States: military of; Vietnam War: military in

VETERANS OF: Agent Orange and; Americans and; Clinton and; George H. W. Bush and; physical and emotional scars of; PTSD among; race and; Reagan and; social alienation of; Vietnam syndrome and; Vietnam War aftermath and; Vietnam War legacy and; women as

VILLAGE WAR IN (1965–1973); vs. big-unit war; CORDS and; LBJ and; Nixon and; NLF and; pacification and; RD cadre teams in; South Vietnam military and; Thieu and; U.S. military and; Vann and; Vietnam War strategy and

WITHDRAWAL FROM: aftermath of; antiwar movement and; JFK and; mutual withdrawal and; Nixon and; peace negotiations and; Vietnam War response in U.S. and

Vietnamese (people): American views of; Clinton and; ethnic identity of; external threats and; French colonialism and; historical characteristics of; precolonial conquering of South Vietnam by; in Vietnam War; views of, of Vietnam War

Vietnamese Communist Party; antiwar movement and; Buddhists and; Central Committee of; COSVN of; enemies of; fear manipulation/terror/assassinations of; hamlets and; insurgency of; intelligence network of; Leninism and; peasants and; religion and; revolutionary warfare by; success of; villages and; women and. See also Indochinese Communist Party; North Vietnam

MILITARY OF: guerrillas in; interrelated battlefield of; local force of; main force of; NLF and; PAVN and; peasants and; policy of; revolution and; revolutionary forces advantages of; strength of; structure of; villages and; women and. See also National Liberation Front

“Vietnamese Communists’ Will to Persist, The” (CIA)

Vietnamese Nationalist Party

Vietnamese Revolutionary Youth League

Vietnamese Women’s Solidarity Movement

Vietnamese Workers Party. See Vietnamese Communist Party

Vietnamization: Nixon and; North Vietnam bombing and; pacification and; South Vietnam and; troop withdrawals and. See also Nixon Doctrine

Village Defense Program (CIA)

Village Self-Development Program

village war. See Vietnam War: village war in

VNQDD. See Vietnam Quoc Dan Dang

Vo Nguyen Giap

Vo Thi Mo

“Wall, the” (Vietnam Veterans Memorial)

Wallace, George

war. See Cold War; French war in Vietnam; Iraq War; Korean War; Persian Gulf War; Vietnam: civil war in; Vietnam War; World War I; World War II

war on terrorism

War Powers Resolution

Watergate scandal

We Were Soldiers (film)

Weinberger, Caspar

Westmoreland, William C. (“Westy”); attrition strategy and; body counts and; NLF and; South Vietnam urbanization and; troop commitments and; Vietnam War assessments and; Vietnam War “crossover point” of; Vietnam War strategy and

Wheeler, Earle G.

Williams, Samuel

Williams, William Appleman

Wilson, Woodrow

win thesis

Wise Men: Cold War and; LBJ and; Vietnam War and

women, as Vietnam veterans. See also Vietnam: women in; Vietnam: women in, and Vietnam War

Women’s Armed Forces Corps

Women’s Liberation Association

Workers Party

World War I: attrition strategy of; U.S. and

World War II; August Revolution and; containment strategy and; U.S., Asian Communist movements, and; U.S., China, and; U.S., Soviet Union, and; U.S. and; Vietnamese revolution and. See also Japan: occupation of Vietnam by