Maps by Nick Springer and Tracy Pollock, Springer Cartographics LLC. Sources as follows:
21, Redrawn from Guitar 1998:13;
66, Base map by Nick Springer published in National Geographic, May 2007; data from Helen Rountree, Martin D. Gallivan; additional data from Barlow 2003:22. My thanks to William McNulty and the rest of the NG cartography staff for allowing Nick and me to adapt these maps.
96, Data from Preservation Virginia, Wetlands Vision (UK), Smith 1956. My thanks to Robert C. Anderson and William Thorndale for critiques and suggestions.
122, Data from Kiszewski et al. 2004:488; Webb 2009:87; Gilmore 1955:348; author’s interview, Donald Gaines.
191 (bottom), Redrawn from Central Bureau of Meteorological Sciences (China) 1981.
237, Redrawn from Bourke 1694:806.
299, Base map redrawn from Galloway 1977:178; additional data from Disney 2009, Ouerfelli 2008, Vieira 1992.
308, Redrawn from Barrett, 1970:8.
351, Data from Price 2011:6–7 (Suriname, Guyane); Tardieu 2009 (Panama); La Rosa Corso 2003 (Cuba); Lane 2002:chap. 1 (Esmeraldas); Perez 2000:618 (Venezuela); Landers 1999:236 (Florida); Reis and Gomes eds. 1996 (Brazil); Aptheker 1996 (US); Friedemann 1993:70–71 (Colombia); Deive 1989:73 (Hispaniola); Carroll 1977 (Mexico); author’s interviews, Fundação Cultural Palmares and Instituto de Terras do Pará.
AUTHOR
4; 13–14; 30 (top); 34; 124, E. Riou, La Guyane Française, 1867; 144 (top), Author’s collection, 1764 gazetteer; 144 (bottom); 170–1, 172 (bottom); 180; 192; 201; 203; 254; 260, Author’s collection (Iles, Leading American Investors, 1912); 264, Author’s Collection (Hancock, Personal Narrative of the Origin and Progress of the Caoutchouc, 1857); 273 (bottom), Author’s collection, (Falcão, Album do Acre, 1906–07); 278, Courtesy John Loadman (www.bouncing-balls.com); 284–5; 286; 338; 352; 354–55, chart and photograph by author; 357; 363; 371; 373
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
ii; 208, Russell Lee; 26–27, L. Prang & Co.; 56, Lewis Wickes Hine; 79–81, G3880 1667.F3; 127, LC-USZ62-95078; 133, LCUSZC4-9408; 244, Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, FSA/OWI Collection, [LCUSW33- 043088-ZC]
VARIOUS ILLUSTRATIONS
1, Flickr/Kristen Cronin; 4, Flickr/Ginger Warden; 51, Copyright © Tomás Filsinger, 2009; 64, Courtesy of Crawford Lake Conservation Area, Conservation Halton (Ontario); 89, Lennart Nilsson/SCANPIX; 152, Courtesy Bob Reis (anythinganywhere.com); 134–5, China Photos/Getty Images; 156 (top), Fundación Cultural Banco Central de Bolivia, Potosí; 156 (bottom), f US 2257.50* Houghton Library, Harvard University (Theodo de Bry, Collectiones peregrinationum, 1590); 161 (bottom), Courtesy Ken and Sue Goodreau, New World Treasures; 200, Courtesy Town of Gaoxigou, Shaanxi; 213, Dept. of Rare Books and manuscripts, Royal Library, Copenhagen (Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, El Primer Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno [GKS 2234-4[0]); 215, 219–20, International Potato Center (Peru); 224 and 227, Courtesy New York Public Library (Alexander Gardner, Rays of Sunlight from South American, 1865); 232 and 234, Courtesy “Views of Famine,” http:// adminstaff.vassar.edu/sttaylor/FAMINE/ (Illustrated News); 239, Copyright © National Museums Northern Ireland 2010, Collection Ulster Museum, Belfast (Courtesy of the Trustees of national Museums Northern Ireland); 242, Courtesy Clark Erickson; 249, Courtesy Homer Babbidge Library, University of Connecticut; 257 (top), Germanisches Nationalmuseum (Christoph Weiditz, Trachenbuch, 1529); 270, Courtesy Yale University Library; 281, Flickr Commons, India Book World, 1899; 290–1 and 317 (bottom), Collection of Malú and Alejandra Excandón, Mexico City; 299, Courtesy Huntington Library (Jan van de Straet, Nova Reporta, 1584); 305–7 and 313, Courtesy Casa Nacional de Moneda, Potosí; 311, Copyright © 2010 Alvy Ray Smith (www.alvyray.com), freely usable under a Creative Commons attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. Data from Thomas 1995:626– 27, Hemming 1993:488–95, Muñoz de San Pedro 1951. My thanks to Matthew Restall for advice and to Alvy Ray Smith for his generosity and enthusiasm; 316 (top), Denver Art Museum, Collection of Jan and Frederick Mayer; 316 (bottom) and 317 (top), Private collection, Spain; 320, Courtesy Biblioteca Nacional de España (Durán, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España, 1587); 326, Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Merced (Buenos Aires); 331, Flickr, Felipe Miguel; 333, Flickr, Avener Prado / FESTCINEAMAZONIA; 341, Courtesy New York Public Library (Chapin, “Col. Taylor at the battle of Okey Chobey,” 1861
VIRGINIA HISTORICAL SOCIETY
71, 1993.192, Anon. Pocahontas, 1616; 75 (top), 1994.65, Merian, Decima tertia pars Historiae Americanae, 1634; 75 (bottom), 1834.1, badge, ca. 1660
WELICOME IMAGES
84, Wellcome Library, London. Wellcome Images images@wellcome.ac.uk http://wellcomeimages.org Postcard: mosquito net to be worn as a veil. early 20th century; 94 and 128–29, Wellcome Library, London, The Journal of Hygiene, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1901; 104, Wellcome Images (V0010519); 161 (top), Wellcome Library, London, A llama standing on a rock. Colored wood engraving by J. W. Whimper; 168, Science Museum, Wellcome Library, London; 179, Wellcome Library no. 40446i, A silkworm (Phaloena mori) shown as imago, larva, pupa and egg. Etching by M. Griffith; 325, Wellcome Library, V0043803
WIKICOMMONS
38 (bottom); 62, Courtesy Virtual Jamestown (detail, John Smith, Map of Virgina); 103, James Gathany Content Providers: CDC; 172 (top), Stefan Teodosic; 187–9, Huang Zi (17th century); 204–5, ץוביקמ ןרוא איגש י”ע םלוצ 237 ;דעס, I.Sáček, senior; 257 (bottom), Daderot; 267–8, Wales Goodyear Rubbers, 1891; 296–7, U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Kim Williams, image released by the United States Navy with the ID 100219-N-9643W-340; 346, Roberto Sabino