ABBREVIATIONS
Books
HTF: Amanda Smith, ed. Hostage to Fortune: The Letters of Joseph P. Kennedy (New York: Penguin Books, 2001).
TTR: Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, Times to Remember (New York: Doubleday, 1974).
TC: Edward M. Kennedy, True Compass: A Memoir (New York: Twelve, 2009).
Persons
BK: Bobby Kennedy
EKS: Eunice Kennedy Shriver
EMK: Edward Moore Kennedy
ESK: Ethel Skakel Kennedy
JBKO: Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis
JFK: John Fitzgerald Kennedy
JPK Jr.: Joseph Patrick Kennedy Jr.
JPK: Joseph Patrick Kennedy Sr.
KKH: Kathleen Kennedy Hartington
RK: Rose Kennedy
RMK: Rosemary Kennedy
RSS: Robert Sargent Shriver Jr.
Library
JFKL: John F. Kennedy Library
Papers
JPKP: Joseph P. Kennedy Papers
RFKP: Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy Papers
PROLOGUE
1. Mrs. Joseph P. Kennedy, “Giving Children the Gifts of Faith and Courage,” Ladies’ Home Journal, Dec. 1969, 120.
2. Cynthia Ann Stone, secretary to RK, to Marguerite Higgins, July 31, 1964, Box 11, RFKP.
3. Funeral Program for Rose Kennedy, Jan. 24, 1995, Box 117, RFKP. Rose’s funeral mass is available on DVD from C-SPAN and on the network’s Web site, www.c-span.org. Ethel Kennedy’s scripture reading, as well as Eunice Kennedy Shriver’s eulogy and parts of Edward Kennedy’s eulogy for their mother, may be viewed on YouTube.
4. Funeral Program.
5. Eunice Shriver’s eulogy.
6. Quotations from Edward Kennedy’s eulogy may be found at “Excerpts from Eulogy by Sen. Kennedy,” New York Times, Jan. 25, 1995, www.nytimes.com/1995/01/25/us/excerpts-from-eulogy-by-sen-kennedy.html, and at the recorded funeral mass cited in note 3.
CHAPTER 1
1. Rose Kennedy Remembers: The Best of Times, the Worst of Times, BBC, 1974, JFKL. Five-minute clips may be viewed on YouTube.
2. EMK, quoted in Box 113, RFKP.
3. TTR, 5.
4. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 19, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
5. Ibid.
6. TTR, 33–34.
7. Ibid.
8. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 10, 1972, Boxes 8–9, RFKP.
9. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 11, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
10. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 19, 1972.
11. Gapminder, www.gapminder.org, accessed Jan. 18, 2013.
12. RK to Patricia T. Levine, Aug. 8, 1968, Box 79, RFKP.
13. TTR, 14.
14. “Rose Kennedy Talks about Her Life, Her Faith, and Her Children,” McCall’s, Dec. 1973, 74.
15. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
16. Susan Cheever, American Bloomsbury: Louisa May Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Henry David Thoreau: Their Lives, Their Loves, Their Work (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006), 191.
17. Kathryn Kish Sklar, “Victorian Women and Domestic Life: Mary Todd Lincoln, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Harriet Beecher Stowe,” in Women and Power in American History, 3rd ed., ed. Kathryn Kish Sklar and Thomas Dublin (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2009), 122, 128.
18. Linda K. Kerber, “The Republican Mother: Women and the Enlightenment—An American Perspective,” American Quarterly 28, no. 2 (Summer, 1976): 187–205.
19. Ted Kennedy, “My Mother, Rose Kennedy,” Ladies’ Home Journal, Dec. 1975, 109.
20. RK to David Sheldon, Sept. 24, 1971, Box 59, RFKP.
21. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 10, 1972.
22. Thomas H. O’Connor, The Boston Irish: A Political History (Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky and Konecky, 1995), 147, 158.
23. Ibid., 167.
24. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 10, 1972.
25. Photograph in the Kennedy Family Photograph Collection (KFC 1223P), ca. 1910, Boston Mayor John F. Fitzgerald, daughter Rose Fitzgerald, others on reviewing stand, unidentified parade, available at http://www.jfklibray.org.
26. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
27. Ibid.
28. Nancy E. McGlen et al. Women, Politics, and American Society, 4th ed. (New York: Pearson Longman, 2005), 37–38.
29. “Coffee with the Kennedys,” 1962, DVD, JFKL.
30. Cynthia Ann Stone, secretary to RK, to Marguerite Higgins, July 31, 1964, Box 11, RFKP.
31. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972.
32. Ibid.
33. Ibid.
34. “Boston Mayor’s Daughter to Christen ‘Bunker Hill’” and “Bunker Hill Steamship Christened by Miss Fitzgerald,” n.d., Box 11, JFKL.
35. RK to Gladys Cook, May 17, [1907], author’s collection.
36. “Miss Rose Fitzgerald’s …,” Boston Sunday Globe, n.d., Box 11, JFKL.
37. TTR, 23–24.
38. “Who Was Rose Kennedy?” Documents and Photographs: Growing Up, A4, Photograph, Old Orchard Beach, Maine, 1907, JFKL, available online at http://www.jfklibrary.gov.
39. RK to Gladys Cook, June 27, 1907, author’s collection.
40. Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), 167.
41. RK, “My Ocean Trip,” “1908–09 Diaries,” Box 1, RFKP.
42. Robert Dallek, An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963 (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003), 7.
43. “My Ocean Trip.”
44. Ibid.
45. RK to Patricia T. Levine.
CHAPTER 2
1. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
2. The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life, “100th Anniversary of Secularism in France,” http:// www.pewforum.org.
3. Lillian Parker Wallace, The Papacy and European Diplomacy, 1869–1878 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1948).
4. TTR, 31.
5. See Doris Kearns Goodwin’s classic The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga for an evocative description of life at Blumenthal (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), ch. 11.
6. All of the excerpts from Rose’s letters may be found in her autobiography, Times to Remember, 35–41. Copies of the originals are in Box 12, RFKP, but they are difficult to decipher because of Rose’s sometimes illegible handwriting and the poor quality of the copies.
7. Gail Cameron, Rose: A Biography of Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy (New York: Putnam, 1971), 54.
8. Original emphasis.
9. Emphasis added.
10. TTR, 32–33.
11. Original emphasis.
12. RK, “My Ocean Trip,” “1908–09 Diaries,” Box 1, RFKP.
13. Ibid.
14. Original emphasis.
15. RK, “Trip on Sir Thomas Lipton’s Yacht,” “1908–09 Diaries,” Box 1, RFKP.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. TTR, 5 (photographs).
19. “Trip on Sir Thomas Lipton’s Yacht.”
20. Ibid.
21. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
22. “Palm Beach,” “1908–09 Diaries,” Box 1, RFKP.
23. Ibid.
24. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972.
25. Rose Kennedy Remembers: The Best of Times, the Worst of Times, BBC, 1974, JFKL. Five-minute clips may be viewed on YouTube.
26. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972; “Rose Fitzgerald to Be Bride of J. P. Kennedy,” 1914 newspaper clipping, Box 12, JPKP; Rose, 62–65.
27. The Robert Appleton Company published volumes of the Catholic Encyclopedia from 1907 to 1912.
28. Thomas H. O’Connor, The Boston Irish: A Political History (Old Saybrook, CT: Konecky and Konecky, 1995), 178.
29. TTR, 48.
30. See Rose for illustrations, newspaper headlines, photographs, and description of the debut, 66–68.
31. TTR, 49.
32. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
33. Cari Beauchamp, Joseph P. Kennedy Presents: His Hollywood Years (New York: Knopf, 2009), ch. 1; Richard J. Whalen, The Founding Father: The Story of Joseph P. Kennedy (New York: New American Library, 1964), ch. 2; “The Death of a Dynasty,” Newsweek, Dec. 1, 1969, 28–30; “Death of the Founder,” Time, Nov. 28, 1969, 21–22.
34. Rose Kennedy Remembers.
35. Ibid.
36. As reported by the US Census Bureau, cited in Nancy E. McGlen et al., Women, Politics, and American Society (New York: Pearson Longman, 2005), 301.
37. The succeeding description of Rose’s first trip to Palm Beach, Florida, in 1911, can be found in her 1951 recollections, titled “Palm Beach.”
38. Rose, illustrations.
39. All of Rose’s explanations about her father choosing her as his travel companion may be found in her interview with Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972.
40. http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/quotes/a/aliceroose115487.html, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
41. TTR, 55.
42. Unless otherwise noted, Rose’s 1911–13 trip accounts are in “My Trip Abroad,” Box 1, RFKP.
43. TTR, 55–56.
44. The Boston Irish, 185.
45. The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 234.
46. TTR, 44–45.
47. Joseph P. Kennedy Presents, 11–13.
48. Rose Kennedy Remembers.
49. RK, interviews by Coughlan, Jan. 4 and 7, 1972.
CHAPTER 3
1. “Ex-Mayor Fitzgerald’s Daughter Rose Marries Joseph P. Kennedy,” Boston Globe, Oct. 8, 1914, n.p., in “Who Was Rose Kennedy?” Documents and Photographs: Wife and Mother, B1, newspaper clipping, JFKL, available online at http://www.jfklibrary.gov.
2. RK’s notes on TTR manuscript, Box 17, RFKP.
3. HTF, 14.
4. TTR, 71–72.
5. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
6. HTF, 14.
7. “John Fitzgerald Kennedy: National Historic Site/Massachusetts” (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1973).
8. RK to Gladys Cook, Dec. 1, 1914, author’s collection.
9. “Margaret Sanger,” in Encyclopedia of World Biography, http://www.notablebiographies.com/Ro-Sc/Sanger-Margaret.html; Andrea Tone, Devices and Desires: A History of Contraceptives in America (New York: Hill and Wang, 2001), 4, 81.
10. Devices and Desires, 4, 81, and “Margaret Sanger.”
11. Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965).
12. John Augustine Ryan, “Family,” in the Catholic Encyclopedia, vol. 5 (New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909), available online at http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05782a.htm.
13. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21 and Feb. 2, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
14. Cari Beauchamp, Joseph P. Kennedy Presents: His Hollywood Years (New York: Knopf, 2009), 17.
15. Andrew J. Peters to RK, Feb. 20, 1919, Box 55, RFKP.
16. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
17. HTF, 9.
18. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 31, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
19. Ibid.
20. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
21. “Early Married Life,” dictated by Rose Kennedy, April 9, 1972, Coughlan Papers, RFKP.
22. HTF, 6.
23. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
24. RK, “Rosemary,” “Diary Notes,” Box 13, RFKP.
25. RK on The Mike Douglas Show, Philadelphia, taped July 6, 1967, video available in the JFKL audiovisual archives and on YouTube.
26. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 14, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
27. David L. Coulter, “Neighbors and Friends: Social Implications of Intellectual Disability,” ch. 8 in What Is Mental Retardation?: Ideas for an Evolving Disability in the 21st Century, ed. Harvey N. Switzky and Stephen Greenspan, rev. and updated ed. (American Association on Mental Retardation, 2007), 127.
28. Buck v. Bell, 274 U.S. 200 (1927).
29. Herman H. Spitz, “How We Eradicated Familial (Hereditary) Mental Retardation—Updated,” in What Is Mental Retardation?, 106.
30. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 31, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
31. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 11, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
32. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 24, 1972, Box 10, RFKP; RK, “Diaries, 1923[–1924],” Box 1, RFKP.
33. HTF, 18.
34. Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), 327.
35. Ibid., 369–71.
36. Ibid., 369–71.
37. Joseph P. Kennedy Presents, 29–30.
38. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
39. The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 353–59.
40. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 28, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
41. “Family,” Catholic Encyclopedia.
42. The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 234.
43. TTR, 76 (original emphasis).
44. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 24, 1972.
45. Ibid.
46. “Family,” Catholic Encyclopedia.
47. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 11 and 24, 1972.
48. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20 and 21, 1972.
49. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 25, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
50. “Diaries, 1923[–1924].”
51. Thomas Maier, The Kennedys: America’s Emerald Kings (New York: Basic Books, 2003), 78.
52. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972.
53. Ibid.
54. “Diaries, 1923[–1924].”
55. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 24, 1972.
56. TTR, 94.
57. “Diaries, 1923[–1924].”
58. HTF, 37.
59. The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 374.
60. TTR, 79.
61. “Diaries, 1923[–1924].”
62. HTF, 38.
63. “Diaries, 1923[–1924].”
64. HTF, 39.
65. The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 395.
66. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972.
67. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20, 1972.
68. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 24, 1972.
69. Ibid.
70. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20, 1972.
71. HTF, 8–11.
72. Ibid., 44.
73. JPK to RK, August 1925, Box 55, RFKP.
74. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972.
75. Robert Dallek, An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963 (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003), 29.
76. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 14, 1972.
77. RK, “David Wolper Associates Documentary on Robert F. Kennedy,” Oct. 28, 1969, Box 110, RFKP.
78. An Unfinished Life, 29.
79. HTF, xx; Daniel Okrent, Last Call: The Rise and Fall of Prohibition (New York: Scribner, 2010), 367–71.
80. John Henry Cutler, “Honey Fitz”: Three Steps to the White House, the Colorful Life and Times of John F. (“Honey Fitz”) Fitzgerald (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1962), 229; Francis Russell, “Honey Fitz,” American Heritage 19 (Aug. 1968): 28, available online at www.americanheritage.com/print/52295?page=7; HTF, 34.
81. Theodore C. Sorensen, author’s interview, June 16, 2010.
CHAPTER 4
1. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country_Day_School_movement, accessed Oct. 27, 2012; http://www.riverdale.edu/podium/default.aspx?t=23368, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
3. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23, 1972.
4. HTF, 54.
5. EKS to RK and MacSwain to RK, May 17, [1927], Box 13, RFKP.
6. Cari Beauchamp, Joseph P. Kennedy Presents: His Hollywood Years (New York: Knopf, 2009), 100–104.
7. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
8. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23, 1972.
9. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972.
10. Rose Kennedy Remembers: The Best of Times, the Worst of Times, BBC, 1974, JFKL. Five-minute clips may be viewed on YouTube.
11. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972.
12. Mary Sanford, interview by Coughlan, April 27, 1972, Coughlan Papers, JFKL.
13. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 28, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
14. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972; Rose Kennedy Remembers. Five-minute clips may be viewed on YouTube.
15. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
16. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 10, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
17. TC, 30.
18. Ibid.
19. Ibid., 44.
20. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23, 1972.
21. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972, Box 10, RFKP; Rose Kennedy Remembers.
22. Sanford interview.
23. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972.
24. PKL, interview by Coughlan, Sept. 3, 1972, Coughlan Papers, JFKL.
25. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 18, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
26. TC, 29, 44.
27. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 11 and 19, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
28. TC, 37, 39, 42.
29. Ibid., 40.
30. EKS, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 26, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
31. Ibid.
32. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 31, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
33. Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), 537, 542.
34. TC, 37; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_P._Kennedy, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
35. Gloria Swanson, quoted in Garry Wills, The Kennedy Imprisonment: A Meditation on Power (Boston: Little, Brown, 1981), 41.
36. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972.
37. RK to Gladys Cook, Jan. 27, 1932, author’s collection.
38. Sanford interview.
39. Gloria Swanson, Swanson on Swanson (New York: Random House, 1980); Axel Madsen, Gloria and Joe: The Star-Crossed Love Affair of Gloria Swanson and Joe Kennedy (New York: Arbor House, 1988); Joseph P. Kennedy Presents, 146.
40. Joseph P. Kennedy Presents, 268; The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 457.
41. See excerpts of Swanson from BBC 1’s “Parkinson” talk show on YouTube.
42. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972.
43. KKH to JPK, Jan. 31, 1930, Box 13, RFKP
44. KK to JPK, March 23, 1930, Box 13, RFKP.
45. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972.
46. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 25, 1972, Boxes 8–9, RFKP.
47. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 2, 1972.
48. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972.
49. JFK to RK, undated, Box 11, RFKP.
50. “John Fitzgerald Kennedy,” RK’s health index cards, Box 124, RFKP.
51. JFK to JPK, undated, Box 11, RFKP.
52. JFK to RK, undated, Box 11, RFKP.
53. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972; Thomas Maier, The Kennedys: America’s Emerald Kings (New York: Basic Books, 2003), 79–80; Robert Dallek, An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963 (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003), 29–33.
54. RK to Mrs. St. John, c. 1932, “Who Was Rose Kennedy?” B5-1, JFKL, www.jfklibrary.org/~/media/assets/Education%20and%20Public%20Programs/Education/materials/Rose%20Kennedy%20Documents%20Wife%20and%20Mother.pdf.
55. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972.
56. HTF, 118.
57. EKS, interview with Coughlan, Feb. 26, 1972.
58. Ibid.
59. Ibid.
60. HTF, 87.
61. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23, 1972.
62. TC, 21.
63. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7 and 17, 1972.
64. TC, 44.
65. An Unfinished Life, 25.
66. KKH to RK, March 23, 1929, Box 13, RFKP.
67. EKS to RK, March 26, 1929, Box 13, RFKP.
68. EKS to RK, Feb. 10 and March 2, 1932, Box 13, RFKP.
69. BK to RK, Oct. 9, 1934, Box 13, RFKP.
70. According to Doris Kearns Goodwin, Rose responded immediately to Joe’s long telegram, saying, “I had counted my words carefully as you saw. I just wished I might have been with you today darling.” The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 495. Rose’s granddaughter, Amanda Smith, however, believed that Rose sent Joe that telegram on another trip to Paris two years later, in 1936. HTF, 183.
71. RK to JPK, Oct. 6, 1934; JPK to RK, Oct. 6, 1934; Box 12, RFKP.
72. HTF, 145–46.
73. RMK to JPK, Oct. 15, 1934, Box 13, RFKP.
74. RK to RMK, undated [1933], Box 13, RFKP.
75. HTF, 66.
76. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972.
77. RK to EKS, April 14, 1934, Box 13, RFKP.
78. HTF, 129.
79. TTR, 175–76.
80. Hal Phyfe to RK, July 12, 1934, Box 55, RFKP; “Broadway Photographs: Art Photography and the American Stage 1900–1930,” http://www.broadway.cas.sc.edu/index.php?action=showPhotographer&id=48.
81. Rose’s handwritten responses to “Questions: Special to Mrs. Joseph Kennedy,” from author Lucy Post Frisbee, for her book John Fitzgerald Kennedy: Boy of the New Frontier, Box 127, RFKP. The book’s subtitle was changed to Young Statesman and it was published in 1964 by Bobbs Merrill.
82. JFK to JPK and RK, undated, Box 55, RFKP.
83. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23, 1972.
84. RK, “Diaries, 1934–37,” Box 1, RFKP.
85. “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP.
86. Ibid.
87. Ibid.
88. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 19, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
89. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 27, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
90. RK, “Russia,” “Diaries, 1936,” Box 1, RFKP.
91. Ibid.
92. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 27, 1972.
93. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, Feb. 2, and Jan. 11, 1972.
94. TC, 28.
95. EKS, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 26, 1972.
96. PKL, interview by Coughlan, Sept. 3, 1972, Coughlan Papers, JFKL.
97. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
98. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendar-based_contraceptive_methods, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
99. The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 455.
100. EKS to Coughlan and Richardson, July 9, 1973, Box 10, RFKP.
101. HTF, 217.
102. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 2, 1972.
103. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23, 1972.
104. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 11, 1972.
105. Rose Kennedy Remembers.
106. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 11, 1972.
107. TTR, 204.
108. TC, 42.
109. RK’s notes on TTR Manuscript, Box 17, RFKP.
CHAPTER 5
1. “Life on the American News Front: The Kennedy Family: Nine Children and $9,000,000,” Life, Dec. 20, 1937, 18–19.
2. Philip B. Kunhardt Jr., Life in Camelot: The Kennedy Years (Boston: Little, Brown, 1988), 5.
3. Ibid.
4. HTF, 217.
5. Max Grossman, “The Real Story of Joseph P. Kennedy’s Romance,” Boston Sunday Post, December 19, 1937, A-4; Louis M. Lyons, “Joe Kennedy Was Slow Running Bases, But He’s Made Up For It Since,” Boston Post, 1937, 6. Both are in Box 5, JPKP.
6. Will Swift, The Kennedys Amidst the Gathering Storm: A Thousand Days in London, 1938–1940 (New York: Smithsonian Books, 2008), 13.
7. Marjorie Means, “Children’s Voices Will Soon Enliven American Ambassador’s Residence in London,” New York Sun, March 8, 1938, 22.
8. RK, “Diary 1938,” Box 2, RFKP.
9. “Kennedy Family Leaves for England,” with AP photo, “News clippings/articles collected by Rose Kennedy,” Box 12, JPKP.
10. Luella R. Hennessey, as told to Margot Murphy, “Bringing Up the Kennedys,” Good Housekeeping, Aug. 1961, 114.
11. RK, “1938 Diary,” Box 1, RFKP.
12. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
13. Deborah Mitford, “The Dowager Duchess of Devonshire with Charlotte Mosley,” lecture at the Frick Collection, New York, NY, Nov. 10, 2010, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25IO32AxGq4. See Mitford, Wait for Me! Memoirs (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010), 204.
14. The Kennedys Amidst the Gathering Storm, 35.
15. RK, “Diary of Rose F. Kennedy, Year-1939, London,” Box 2, RFKP.
16. “1938 Diary,” Box 1.
17. “Speeches and Appearances, 1935–1977, ” Box 100, RFKP.
18. Lemuel F. Parton, “Mrs. J. P. Kennedy Has One of Her Few Bits of Publicity,” New York Sun, May 5, 1938, in “Diary 1938,” Box 2, RFKP.
19. “1938 Diary,” Box 1.
20. Ibid.
21. Ibid.
22. TTR, 221.
23. HTF, 252.
24. Ibid.
25. RK to Mrs. Vincent Grene, April 10, 1938, author’s collection.
26. Cynthia Ann Stone, RK’s secretary, to Marguerite Higgins, July 31, 1964, Box 11, RFKP.
27. “1938 Diary,” Box 1.
28. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 25, 1972, Box 8, RFKP.
29. Ibid.
30. Ibid.
31. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
32. “Romantic Dresses at the First Court,” Evening Standard, May 12, 1938, in “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
33. “Seven Americans Presented to King,” New York Times, May 12, 1938.
34. Charles Higham, Rose: The Life and Times of Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy (New York: Pocket Books, 1996), 183; Laurence Leamer, The Kennedy Women: The Saga of an American Family (New York: Villard Books, 1994), 256.
35. TTR, 230.
36. Theodora Benson, “Woman to Woman: The Children’s Zoo,” Country Life, undated clipping in “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
37. Unsourced newspaper clipping in “1938 Diary,” Box 2, RFKP.
38. Evening Standard clipping, ibid.
39. Ambassador Kennedy had hoped to receive an honorary degree from Harvard. When he learned that he wouldn’t, he found an excuse to boycott his eldest son’s commencement ceremony, though he attended Class Day, an event Joe Jr. chaired. The ambassador wrote in his unpublished memoir that he skipped commencement because he wanted to spend time with Jack, who was ill, at Hyannis Port. HTF, 265. The apple of his parents’ eye, Joe Jr. had neither mother nor father in the audience on his graduation day.
40. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
41. RK, interview by Coughlan,, Jan. 17, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
42. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 25, 1972.
43. Ibid.
44. “Mr. Eden Americans’ Guest,” Manchester Daily Dispatch, July 5, 1938, in “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
45. Lesley Blanch, “Family Fugue: Theme and Variations on the Kennedys,” Vogue, July 1938, in “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
46. A. Fraser to Sir [Ambassador Joseph Kennedy], in “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
47. Grace Cowardin Dammann to RK, August 25, 1938, in “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
48. Marianne Mayfayre, “The Kennedys at Cannes,” unsourced and undated clipping in “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
49. “At the Races,” unsourced and undated clipping in “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
50. “The Dowager Duchess of Devonshire with Charlotte Mosley”; Wait for Me!, 204.
51. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
52. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
53. Cari Beauchamp, Joseph P. Kennedy Presents: His Hollywood Years (New York: Knopf, 2009), 360; “It Happened at the Hôtel du Cap,” Vanity Fair, March 2009, www.vanityfair.com/style/features/2009/03/dietrich-kennedy200903.
54. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
55. Unsourced newspaper clipping in “1938 Diary,” Box 2.
56. “Tension Over Czechoslovakia Eases; British Cabinet Maps Compromise Plan to Organize State on Switzerland Lines,” New York Herald Tribune, August 31, 1938.
57. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
58. Ibid.
59. Ibid.
60. Unsourced newspaper clipping in “1938 Diary,” ibid.; HTF, 273.
61. TTR, 236.
62. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
63. Ibid.
64. Ibid.
65. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
66. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
67. The Kennedys Amidst the Gathering Storm, 108.
68. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
69. Ibid.
70. Unsourced newspaper clipping in “1938 Diary,” ibid.
71. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
72. Ibid.
73. Unsourced newspaper clipping in “1938 Diary,” ibid.
74. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
75. Ibid.
76. Ibid.
77. Ibid.
78. Ibid.
79. “World’s Workers Pay for Arms Race,” (London) Daily Herald, October 18, 1938, n.p.; “How an Ambassador’s Wife Makes His Speech,” (London) Times, October 18, 1938, both in “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
80. HTF, 294.
81. Ibid.; TTR, 242.
82. TTR, 243.
83. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
84. Ibid.
85. RK to PKL, undated, on American Embassy stationery, Box 13, RFKP.
86. Jean Kennedy Smith, author’s interview, Sept. 20, 2010.
87. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mater_Admirabilis, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
88. Wilhela Cushman, “With the Kennedy Family in London Town,” Ladies’ Home Journal, Oct. 1938, 30, 82.
89. Richard Tregaskis, “Kennedy’s Son Takes Look at Europe,” Boston Sunday Advertiser Green, Oct. 2, 1938, 2.
90. “Diary 1938,” Box 2.
91. Ibid.
CHAPTER 6
1. RK to S. Richardson, Sept. 11, 1973, Box 10, RFKP.
2. Martin Gilbert, Kristallnacht: Prelude to Destruction (New York: Harper Perennial, 2007), 13–14.
3. RK, “Diary 1938,” Box 2, RFKP.
4. See James A. Bill and Carl Leiden, Politics in the Middle East, 2nd ed. (Boston: Little, Brown, 1984); Clyde Sanger, Malcolm MacDonald: Bringing an End to Empire (Liverpool, UK: Liverpool University Press, 1995).
5. “Diary 1938.”
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Mary Jo Gargan Clasby, author’s interview, Sept. 7, 2011.
10. “Diary 1938.”
11. RK to Josie Fitzgerald, undated, Addington Golf Club stationery, Box 12, RFKP.
12. RK, “Diary of Rose F. Kennedy, Year 1939, London,” Box 2, RFKP.
13. “Diary 1938.”
14. RK to Josie Fitzgerald.
15. “Diary 1938.”
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. RK, “Diary 1939,” Box 2.
19. RK to Josie Fitzgerald, undated, Suvretta House stationery, Box 12, RFKP.
20. “1938 Diary.”
21. HTF, 306.
22. “Diary 1939.”
23. HTF, 306.
24. “Diary 1939.”
25. RK to JPK Sr., undated, Hotel Ritz stationery, Box 5, JPKP.
26. Will Swift, The Kennedys Amidst the Gathering Storm: A Thousand Days in London, 1938–1940 (New York: Smithsonian Books, 2008), 134–35.
27. RK to Josie Fitzgerald, undated, American Embassy stationery, Box 12, RFKP.
28. Marie Bruce, “Reflections on Rose,” July 1972, Box 15, RFKP.
29. “Diary 1939.”
30. Ibid.
31. Ibid.
32. Ibid.
33. RK, “Notes and Memoirs, Mrs. Kennedy,” “Diary 1939,” Box 3, RFKP.
34. HTF, 318.
35. TC, 56.
36. HTF, 321.
37. RK, “Diary 1939,” Box 3.
38. Ibid.
39. The Kennedys Amidst the Gathering Storm, 135.
40. RK, “Second Visit to Windsor Castle,” “1939,” Box 3, RFKP.
41. Ibid.
42. “Education: The Monkeys,” Time, March 2, 1953.
43. Mother Isabel to JPK, April 3, 1939, Box 13, RFKP.
44. JPK to RMK, undated, Box 13, RFKP.
45. “Diary 1939,” Box 2.
46. TTR, 245.
47. Jerome Beatty, “The Nine Little Kennedys and How They Grew,” Reader’s Digest 34, no. 204 (April 1939): 16.
48. “Diary 1939,” Box 2.
49. HTF, 332.
50. Ibid.
51. Ibid.
52. “Diary 1939,” Box 2.
53. Ibid.
54. Ibid.
55. TTR, 249.
56. “Speeches and Appearances, 1935–1977,” Box 100, RFKP.
57. HTF, 341.
58. RK to JPK, undated, S.S. Normandie stationery, Box 5, JPKP, JFKL.
59. Cari Beauchamp, Joseph P. Kennedy Presents: His Hollywood Years (New York: Knopf, 2009), 363. Biographer Sylvia Jukes Morris writes that Clare Boothe Luce initially attracted Kennedy’s “libidinous interest” in May 1938. Rage for Fame: The Ascent of Clare Boothe Luce (New York: Random House, 1997), 318.
60. “Diary 1939,” Box 2.
61. “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100; “Diary 1939,” Box 2.
62. RK to JPK, undated, Westchester Country Club stationery, “Hyannis Port,” JPKP.
63. “Diary 1939,” Box 2.
64. Ibid.
65. Ibid.
66. Ibid.
67. Ibid.
68. Joseph P. Kennedy Presents, 363.
69. TC, 56–57.
70. HTF, 360.
71. TTR, 251.
CHAPTER 7
1. HTF, 366.
2. The photograph (PC 89) of Joe Jr., Kathleen, and Jack is available on the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum Web site, www.jfkl.org; Rose’s photo is in Will Swift, The Kennedys Amidst the Gathering Storm: A Thousand Days in London, 1938–1940 (New York: HarperCollins, 2008), three pages before text on 263.
3. TTR, 252.
4. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 26, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
5. RK to S. Richardson, Sept. 11, 1973, 10, RFKP.
6. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 26, 1972.
7. RMK to JPK, Aug. 31, [1939], Box 13, RFKP.
8. RMK to JPK, Sept. 12, 1939, Box 13, RFKP.
9. HTF, 515. Belmont House was located in Hereford, and Rosemary vacationed there. Her Hertfordshire school was Boxmoor.
10. JPK to RK, Sept. 18, 1939, in HTF, 380.
11. RK to JPK, undated [1940?], on Bronxville stationery, RFKP.
12. JPK to RK, Oct. 11, 1939, in HTF, 394.
13. RK to JPK, on Bronxville stationery, with [1940?] added, JPKP.
14. TTR, 257.
15. JPK to RK, Sept. 18, 1939, in HTF, 379–80; E. F. Waldron to JPK, conveying RK’s message, Oct. 5, 1939, Box 13, RFKP.
16. Dorothy Gibbs to JPK, Sept. 13, 1939, Box 13, RFKP.
17. JPK to RK, March 20, 1940, in HTF, 411.
18. JPK to RK, Oct., 11, 1939, in HTF, 394; RMK to JPK, [April 4(?), 1940], ibid., 412.
19. RMK to JPK, [April 4(?), 1940], in HTF, 412.
20. JPK to RK, Oct. 11, 1939, in HTF, 394.
21. Edward Shorter, The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000), 1.
22. JPK to RK, Oct. 2, 1939, in HTF, 391; JPK to RK, Oct. 11, 1939, in HTF, 393.
23. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 26, 1972.
24. Sylvia Jukes Morris, Rage for Fame: The Ascent of Clare Boothe Luce (New York: Random House, 1997).
25. JPK to RK, March 14, 1940, in HTF, 409.
26. Letters from JPK to RK, April 5, 1940, in HTF, 413, 415.
27. JPK to RK, April 26, 1940, in HTF, 419.
28. RMK to JPK, April 13/14, 1940, Box 13, RFKP.
29. TC, 41–42.
30. HTF, 432, n. 504.
31. RK to Robert Coughlan and S. Richardson, July 21, 1973, Box 10, RFKP.
32. JPK to RK, May 20, 1940, in HTF, 432–33.
33. RK to JPK, June 1, 1940, in HTF, 436; RK to JPK, June 24, 1940, ibid., 447.
34. RK to JPK, June 24, 1940, in HTF, 446–47.
35. Copied for RK, “Hold for Possible Use in Autobiography,” Box 10, RFKP.
36. Christie’s Oct. 9, 2002, auction of inscribed copy of Why England Slept, http://www.christies.com/Lotfinder/LotDetailsPrintable.aspx?intObjectID=3980457.
37. E.g., Chris Matthews, Jack Kennedy: Elusive Hero (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011), 16; Nigel Hamilton, JFK: Reckless Youth (New York: Random House, 1991), 49–50.
38. Edward E. Moore to RK, June 7, 1940, Box 13, RFKP.
39. RMK to JPK, July 4, 1940, Box 13, RFKP.
40. JPK to RMK, Aug. 2, 1940, Box 13, RFKP.
41. JPK to RMK, Sept. 10 and 12, 1940, Box 13, RFKP.
42. JPK to RK, Aug. 2, 1940, in HTF, 455.
43. JPK to RK, Sept. 10, 1940, in HTF, 466–67.
44. RK to JPK, “1940” added, JPKP, JFKL. Amanda Smith believes Rose wrote it on Oct. 7, 1940. HTF, 474. John Burns was a Harvard Law professor, Massachusetts state court judge, and the first legal counsel for the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Maritime Commission, working for Joe Kennedy when he chaired those commissions; he was in private practice by 1940 when RK met with him. “Judge John Burns,” Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, http://newdeal.feri.org/kiosk/profile.cfm?QID=2870.
45. FDR to JPK, Oct. 17, 1940, in HTF, 475.
46. RK’s untitled remembrance of visit with President Roosevelt, and “Visit to Washington, Oct. 29, 1940,” “Diaries 1939–1941, 1951,” Box 3, RFKP.
47. JPK Diary, in HTF, 481.
48. TTR, 275.
49. JPK, Radio Address, Oct. 29, 1940, in HTF, 482–89.
50. “For Mrs. Kennedy, Speech,” “Speeches and Appearances,” 1935–77, Box 100, RFKP.
51. TTR, 275.
52. “For Mrs. Kennedy, Speech.”
53. Louis Lyons, Boston Globe, Nov. 9, 1940, 1.
54. “Diaries, 1939–41, 1951.”
55. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 11, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
56. RK to “My darlings,” Dec. 5, 1941, Box 55, RFKP.
57. TC, 60–65.
58. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 11, 1972.
59. RK to children, Jan. 5, 1941, Box 55, RFKP.
60. EKS, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 26, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
61. Ibid.
62. EKS, “Hope for Retarded Children,” Saturday Evening Post, Sept. 22, 1962, http://www.eunicekennedyshriver.org/articles/print_article/148.
63. Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), 741.
64. RK to JPK, [May 13, 1940], in HTF, 530.
65. “Diaries, 1935–1941, 1951.”
66. Ibid.
67. Ibid.
68. Ibid.
69. Hank Searls, The Lost Prince: Young Joe, the Forgotten Kennedy (New York: World, 1969).
70. Robert Dallek, An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963 (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003), 82–83.
71. Jack El-Hai, The Lobotomist: A Maverick Medical Genius and His Tragic Quest to Rid the World of Mental Illness (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2005), 139.
72. The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation, 33.
73. Michael O’Brien, John F. Kennedy: A Biography (New York: St. Martin’s, 2005), 173.
74. “Hope for Retarded Children.” In late 1960, just after the presidential election, the National Association for Retarded Children revealed that JFK had a retarded sister institutionalized in Wisconsin.
75. Laurence Leamer, The Kennedy Women: The Saga of an American Family (New York: Villard Books, 1994), 319.
76. Goodwin quoted in John F. Kennedy: A Biography, 173–74.
77. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21 and Jan. 7, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
78. EKS, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 7, 1972, Box 10, RFKP. I am grateful to the Kennedy Library for granting my request to remove redactions from Mrs. Shriver’s interview.
79. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972.
80. The Kennedys Amidst the Gathering Storm, 299–300.
81. RK to children, March 27, 1942, Box 55, RFKP.
82. RK to children, May 9, 1942, Box 55, RFKP.
83. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pluperfect, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
84. JFK to RK, Washington, DC, in HTF, 538.
85. RK to BK, Jan. 12, 1942, in HTF, 535.
86. RK to JPK Jr., Feb. 19, 1942, in HTF, 541.
87. JPK Jr., undated, on US Naval Air Station, Banana River, Florida, stationery, Box 56, RFKP.
88. RK to children, Feb. 2, 1943, Box 55, RFKP.
89. TC, 68.
90. Ibid., 65–66.
91. RK to KKH, undated, on Beverly-Wilshire stationery, Box 57, RFKP.
92. JFK to RK, undated, United States Navy Yard, SC, Box 56, RFKP.
93. RK to JPK Jr., Feb. 9, 1943, Box 56, RFKP.
94. Robert J. Donovan, PT 109: John F. Kennedy in World War II (New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001).
95. JFK to RK and JPK, [May 15, 1943], in HTF, 554; JFK to family, June 24, 1943, Box 56, RFKP.
96. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
97. JFK to family, received Aug. 29, 1943, Box 56, RFKP.
98. RK to KKH and JFK, Sept. 2, 1943, Box 56, RFKP.
99. JPK to JPK Jr., Aug. 31, 1943, Box 56, RFKP.
100. RK to JPK Jr., Sept. 16, 1943, Box 56, RFKP.
101. JPK Jr. to JPK and RK, Nov. 9, 1943, Box 56, RFKP.
CHAPTER 8
1. RK, “Diary Note,” in HTF, 573.
2. RK to children, Jan. 31, 1944, Box 55, RFKP.
3. Coconut Shell Paperweight, John F. Kennedy Library and Museum, http://www.jfklibrary.org/Asset-Viewer/Ey5l6Vagyk2dwA6BTctDZg.aspx.
4. KKH to JPK and RK, March 22, 1944, in HTF, 580.
5. JPK to KKH, April 3, 1944, in HTF, 581.
6. RK, “Notes on My Reaction to Kick’s Marriage,” “Diaries,” Box 3, RFKP.
7. Telegram draft, RK to KKH, in HTF, 584.
8. “Notes on My Reaction to Kick’s Marriage.”
9. Thomas Maier, The Kennedys: America’s Emerald Kings (New York: Basic Books, 2003), 157.
10. KKH to RK, April 30, 1943, in HTF, 584–85.
11. KKH to JPK, May 5, 1944, in HTF, 586.
12. Deborah Mitford, “The Dowager Duchess of Devonshire with Charlotte Mosley,” Lecture at the Frick Collection, New York, NY, Nov. 10, 2010, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25IO32AxGq4.
13. Marie Bruce and Lady Astor to RK, May 7, 1944, in HTF, 587.
14. JPK Jr. to JPK, May 7, 1944, in HTF, 587.
15. KKH to JPK, May 8, 1944, in HTF, 587.
16. JPK Jr. to JPK and RK, May 8, 1944, in HTF, 587–89.
17. The Kennedys, 136.
18. KKH to RK, May 9, 1944, in HTF, 589–91.
19. RK to KKH, June 30, 1944, in HTF, 595.
20. Robert Dallek, John F. Kennedy: An Unfinished Life, 1917–1963 (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003), 102.
21. RK to KKH, June 30, 1944.
22. KKH to RK, July 6, 1944, in HTF, 597.
23. Marie Bruce’s Notes on RK, July 1972, Box 15, RFKP.
24. JPK Jr. to JPK and RK, July 26, 1944, in HTF, 598. See also HTF, n. 144, about Joe Jr.’s romance with Pat Wilson.
25. JPK Jr. to JPK and RK, August 4, 1944, in HTF, 598. JPK Jr. to JFK, August 10, 1944, Box 56, RFKP.
26. RK, “Joe Jr.’s Death,” in HTF, 599.
27. TC, 85–86.
28. Edward J. Renehan Jr., The Kennedys at War, 1937–1945 (New York: Doubleday, 2002), 304; Hank Searls, The Lost Prince: Young Joe, the Forgotten Kennedy (New York: World Publishing Co., 1969), 283; John Kelly, “For Joe Kennedy, Memorial Wall Had to Substitute for Burial Site,” Washington Post, September 6, 2009, C3; John Kelly, “Readers Fill in the Story Surrounding Death of Lt. Joseph Kennedy,” Washington Post, October 4, 2009, C3; “Lt. Joe Kennedy,” Norfolk and Suffolk Aviation Museum,” http://www.aviationmuseum.net/Joe_Kennedy.htm, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
29. Clara St. John to RK, Aug. 25, 1944, Box 10, RFKP. I am grateful to Mrs. St. John’s grandchildren, Margaret and Gordon St. John, for their gracious permission to publish the letter in full.
30. Mary Jo Gargan Clasby, author’s interview, Sept. 7, 2011.
31. Major Lord Hartington to KKH, Sept. 4, 1944, Box 57, RFKP.
32. KKH to JPK and RK, [Sept. 20, 1944], in HTF, 601.
33. RK to KKH, Sept. 25, 1944, in HTF, 602.
34. KKH to Kennedy family, Sept. 23, 1944, in HTF, 603.
35. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
36. Joey Gargan, interview by Coughlan, Aug. [27?], 1972, Robert Coughlan Papers, Northwestern University, MS 82-5: 11, JFKL.
37. Mary Jo Gargan Clasby and Richard Clasby, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 18, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
38. Mary Jo Gargan Clasby, author’s interview, Sept. 7, 2011.
39. JPK to KKH, May 1, 1945, in HTF, 618.
40. JPK to Cissy Patterson, Nov. 26, 1945, in HTF, 622.
41. Edward Shorter, The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000), 35–36.
42. JPK to Sir James Calder, July 31, 1946, in HTF, 629.
43. JPK to Cissy Patterson, Nov. 26, 1945, in HTF, 622.
44. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
45. “John F. Kennedy on Politics and Public Service,” White House Tapes, Miller Center Presidential Recordings Program, University of Virginia, http://whitehousetapes.net/exhibit/john-f-kennedy-politics-and-public-service.
46. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
47. RK to her children, April 11, 1946, in HTF, 626.
48. RK to KKH, June 6, 1946, Box 58, RFKP.
49. RK to KKH, June 6, 1946, Box 58, RFKP.
50. Ibid.
51. “Diaries,” [circa 1946], Box 3, RFKP.
52. RK to KKH, June 6, 1946, Box 58, RFKP.
53. TTR, 314–15.
54. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 7, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
55. “John F. Kennedy on Politics and Public Service.”
56. An Unfinished Life, 128.
57. Kenneth P. O’Donnell and David F. Powers with Joe McCarthy, “Johnny, We Hardly Knew Ye”: Memories of John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Boston: Little, Brown, 1970), 54.
58. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 10, 1972, Box 9, RFKP.
59. An Unfinished Life, 131.
60. Barbara Leaming, Jack Kennedy: The Education of a Statesman (New York: Norton, 2006), opposite 252.
61. “John F. Kennedy on Politics and Public Service.”
62. RK, “Diaries 1947,” Box 3, RFKP.
63. RK to JPK, Sept. 1947, “Diaries,” Box 3, RFKP.
64. RK to JPK, undated, from Lismore Castle, Box 5, JPK Papers, JFKL.
65. “Diaries 1947.”
66. Finian’s Rainbow, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finian’s_Rainbow.
67. RK to JPK, from Lismore Castle.
68. HTF, 636, n. 227.
69. An Unfinished Life, 153.
70. Ibid., 152–53; Jack Kennedy, 191–92.
71. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23 and Jan. 11, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
72. Doris Kearns Goodwin in The Kennedys, American Experience, PBS Home Video, DVD, 2003; An Unfinished Life, 322.
73. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 19, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
74. An Unfinished Life, 105.
75. Maier, The Kennedys, 227.
76. Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Kennedys and the Fitzgeralds: An American Saga (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), 853–54.
77. The Kennedys, American Experience.
78. “Kennedy Tragedy Family’s Second,” Boston Traveler, May 14, 1948.
79. Jack Kennedy, 193.
80. Ibid.
81. Times to Remember background material, “Newspaper Clippings and Correspondence on KKH’s Death, 1948,” Box 13, RFKP.
82. JPK to Duchess of Devonshire, Sept. 1, 1948, in HTF, 637.
83. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 11, 1972, Box 10, RFKP. The blank lines’ meaning is unclear. They could be inaudible material on the recordings or redactions.
84. May 14, 1948. In addition to Kathleen’s death, the Globe counted Joe Jr.’s and Billy’s wartime casualties. Of course, the paper didn’t know about Rosemary’s tragic lobotomy.
CHAPTER 9
1. RK to Hélène Arpels, July 10, 1950, in HTF, 640.
2. RK to BK and ESK, July 13, 1950, in HTF, 644.
3. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
4. John Henry Cutler, “Honey Fitz”: Three Steps to the White House (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1962), 322.
5. Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), 864.
6. TC, 78–79.
7. Gail Cameron, Rose: A Biography of Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1971), 137.
8. RK to Marie Bruce, July 23, 1951, in HTF, 655.
9. Robert Dallek, An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963 (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003), 157; William Manchester, One Brief Shining Moment: Remembering Kennedy (Boston: Little, Brown, 1983), 60.
10. “John F. Kennedy on Politics and Public Service,” White House Tapes, Miller Center Presidential Recordings Program, University of Virginia, http://whitehousetapes.net/exhibit/john-f-kennedy-politics-and-public-service.
11. “Coffee Hour Notes, First Time,” in “Speeches and Appearances, 1935–78,” Box 100, RFKP.
12. Gloria Negri, “Pauline Fitzgerald: The Force Behind JFK Tea Parties,” Boston Globe, February 18, 2008.
13. Philip B. Kunhardt Jr., ed., Life in Camelot: The Kennedy Years (Boston: Little, Brown, 1988), 34–37.
14. EMK, interview by Coughlan, Nov. 13, 1972, Robert Coughlan Papers, Northwestern University, MS 82-5: 11, JFKL.
15. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 17, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
16. Ibid.
17. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 4, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
18. Ibid.
19. Burton Hersh, The Education of Edward Kennedy: A Family Biography (New York: William Morrow, 1972).
20. TC, 102–103 (original emphasis).
21. “French Notes,” “Old French Speech,” and “Translation of French Speech,” in “Speeches and Appearances, 1935–78,” Box 100, RFKP.
22. “Italian Speech,” Box 100, RFKP; HTF, 653, n. 269.
23. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
24. An Unfinished Life, 171–72, 174–75.
25. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
26. JPK to Sir James Calder, Dec. 31, 1952, in HTF, 661.
27. “Pauline Fitzgerald: The Force Behind Famed JFK Tea Parties.”
28. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 18, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
29. Barbara A. Perry, Jacqueline Kennedy: First Lady of the New Frontier (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2004), 36.
30. David Pitts, Jack and Lem: John F. Kennedy and Lem Billings: The Untold Story of an Extraordinary Friendship (New York: Carroll and Graf, 2007). After gaining access to eight hundred previously closed letters between Jack and Lem, Pitts concludes that Lem was gay but that his friendship with JFK was nonsexual.
31. Jacqueline Kennedy, 32–33.
32. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20, 1972.
33. Jacqueline Kennedy, 35–36.
34. JBKO to RK, [June 29, 1953], in HTF, 662.
35. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 19, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
36. Jacqueline Kennedy, 37.
37. JFK to RK and JPK, Sept. 15, 1953, in HTF, 663.
38. RSS to RK and JPK, Feb. 8, 1953, Box 55, RFKP.
39. Mark K. Shriver, A Good Man: Rediscovering My Father, Sargent Shriver (New York: Henry Holt, 2012), 76–78.
40. RK to JPK, undated [1951?], on Ritz Hotel stationery, Box 5, JPKP. Rose’s references in the letter to “Your little darlings,” and Jack’s leaving for “the Orient” probably indicate that she wrote it in the fall of 1951 when Jack, Bobby, and Pat went on a trip to Israel, Iran, Pakistan, India, Singapore, Thailand, French Indochina, Korea, and Japan. An Unfinished Life, 165.
41. RK to JPK, undated [erroneously dated 1953 in JFKL files], on United States Lines stationery, Box 5, JPKP.
42. “Travel List–Mrs. Kennedy, 1957,” “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP. Redactions removed on Sept. 14, 2011, per my request. I am grateful to the Kennedy Library for releasing the unredacted version.
43. Joe Graedon, cohost of public radio’s The People’s Pharmacy, author’s interview, Aug. 13, 2011; “Paregoric,” National Center for Biotechnology Information and U.S. National Library of Medicine, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000083/#a6 01090-brandNames, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
44. P. W. Brown, “The Irritable Bowel Syndrome,” Rocky Mountain Medical Journal 40 (May 1950): 343–46; Ronald Kessler, in The Sins of the Father: Joseph P. Kennedy and the Dynasty He Founded (New York: Warner Books, 1996), 372–73, lists Rose’s drug prescriptions and cites a 1976 reference to her IBS, dating to 1933. For Lomotil, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lomotil.
45. Graedon interview; William Schack, Art and Argyrol: The Life and Career of Albert C. Barnes (New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1960).
46. Graedon, e-mail to author, July 10, 2012.
47. www.pharmaoffshore.com/index.php?cPath=334.
48. RK to JPK, undated [erroneously dated 1953 in JFKL files], on United States Lines stationery, Box 5, JPKP.
49. RK to JPK, undated [erroneously dated 1953 in JFKL files], on Christian Dior stationery, Box 5, JPKP. Based on the days of the week and dates that Rose mentions, this letter cannot be from 1953. Moreover, she would not likely have still been in Paris a few days before Jack’s wedding on Sept. 12, 1953. The trip was more likely in 1957, when September 9, to which she refers, was indeed on a Monday.
50. RK to JPK, undated [1951?], on Ritz Hotel stationery, Box 5, JPKP; An Unfinished Life, 165.
51. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 14 and 17, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
52. Invitation from the Christ Child Society to attend Mrs. Joseph P. Kennedy’s speech, Oct. 25, [1953], “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP. The “suggested minimum donation” was two dollars per person.
53. Jan DesRosiers, Secretary to RK, to the British Consulate General, Oct. 19, 1953, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP.
54. Allon Barker to Jan DesRosiers, Oct. 22, 1953, Box 100, RFKL.
55. RK, Speech to Christ Child Society, Oct. 25, 1953, Box 100, RFKP.
56. Catherine Dennehy to RK, undated, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP.
57. “Future Speaking Dates,” [1954], “Speeches and Appearances,” ibid.
58. Ralph H. Reed to RK, Feb. 9, 1954, “Speeches and Appearances,” ibid.
59. JF [James Fayne] to Thomas J. Walsh, Nov. 23, 1964, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP.
60. Cholly Knickerbocker, “Powers Picks Eight American Beauties Over 40,” Miami Herald, Feb. 21, 1954.
61. Nancy Randolph, “Mrs. Kennedy to Get Youth Award,” New York Daily News, April 29, 1954.
62. “CYO Award Goes to Mrs. Kennedy,” and Associated Press Photo “Mrs. Kennedy Honored by CYO,” uncited and undated newspaper clippings in “Articles Collected by Rose Kennedy,” Box 12, JPKP.
63. Edward Shorter’s The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000) is the definitive history of the Kennedys’ philanthropy. Shorter observes that Rose’s participation has virtually no paper trail (except, I would note, for her many fund-raising appearances and speeches), 50–51.
64. Speech to CYO, May 10, 1954, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP.
65. Ibid.
66. Mary Jo Gargan Clasby, author’s interview, Sept. 7, 2011.
67. Christopher Kennedy Lawford, Symptoms of Withdrawal: A Memoir of Snapshots and Redemption (New York: HarperCollins, 2005), 4.
68. Mary Jo Gargan Clasby interview.
69. Ibid.
70. Minna Littmann, “Mrs. Kennedy Home from World Tour,” Standard-Times, undated, “Articles Collected by Rose Kennedy,” Box 12, JPKP.
71. RK to JPK, [July 1955], in HTF, 666.
72. RK to JPK, undated, on Ritz Hotel stationery, Box 5, JPKP. Probably from 1951, when Rose was in Paris with Jack, Bobby, and Pat.
73. An Unfinished Life, 195–96.
74. Jacqueline Kennedy, 44–45.
75. Ibid.
76. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 20, 1972.
77. As quoted in The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 904.
78. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 21, 1972.
79. Jacqueline Kennedy, 47–48.
80. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 19, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
81. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23, 1972, ibid.
82. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 14, 1972, ibid.
83. JPK to EMK, July 19, 1957, Box 55, RFKP.
84. JPK to EMK, Sept. 3, 1955, in HTF, 670.
85. JPK to JBKO, Aug. 23, 1957, “Family Correspondence,” Box 55, RFKP.
86. JPK to Joseph Kinneen, Aug. 6, 1955, in HTF, 667.
87. RK, Reader’s Digest manuscript, “Articles Written by RK, 1956,” Box 116, RFKP.
88. Ibid.
89. Robert F. Kennedy Jr., author’s conversation, April 27, 2006.
90. TC, 117–18, 126.
91. Monsignor Newman Flanagan to JFK, Dec. 17, 1956, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP.
92. RK to Flanagan, Feb. 4, 1957, ibid.
93. Flanagan to RK, Feb. 7, 1957, ibid.
94. RK to Flanagan, Feb. 15, 1957, ibid; RK to Flanagan, Feb. 22, 1957, ibid.
95. RK to Marge Kayser, Nov. 5, 1957, ibid.
96. Marge Kayser, “C.R. Audience Charmed by Mrs. Kennedy,” Cedar Rapids Gazette, Oct. 24, 1957.
97. The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation, 50–51. See also Allison C. Carey, On the Margins of Citizenship: Intellectual Disability and Civil Rights in Twentieth-Century America (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2010), ch. 6, on the rise of the parents’ movement and the influence of the Kennedy family in intellectual-disability rights.
98. “List of People to Receive Autographed Copies of Profiles in Courage from Mrs. Kennedy for Christmas 1957,” “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP.
CHAPTER 10
1. Barbara A. Perry, Jacqueline Kennedy: First Lady of the New Frontier (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2004), 56.
2. CJS to Frank K. Eldridge, March 3, 1958, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 101, RFKP.
3. RK to John J. Ford, Feb. 25, 1958, ibid.
4. Frank [no surname] to C. J. Shaw, on Star Theatre stationery, March 27, 1958, ibid.
5. Doris Kearns Goodwin, The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys: An American Saga (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1991), 916.
6. RK to Cardinal McIntyre, Feb. 13, 1958, Box 101, RFKP.
7. RK to Reverend Mother Mulqueen, April 2, 1958, ibid.
8. RK, interview with Paul Coates, [Los Angeles, 1958], ibid.
9. The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys, 916.
10. “At Home with the Kennedys,” Oct. 28, 1958, IFP 156, JFKL.
11. Ibid.
12. Robert Dallek, An Unfinished Life: John F. Kennedy, 1917–1963 (Boston: Little, Brown, 2003), 225.
13. “The Trinity Award,” Oct. 24, 1959, Box 101, RFKP.
14. RK, interview with Coates.
15. “Trinity College,” Oct. 24, 1959, New York, NY, Box 101, RFKP.
16. RK to JBKO, June 15, 1959, in HTF, 685.
17. “New York Diary, May 9, 1959,” “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
18. Yolada Maurer, “Spellbound Audience Captivated by ‘Court,’” Fort Lauderdale News, Feb. 5, 1960.
19. JPK to Enrico Galeazzi, March 9, 1960, in HTF, 686.
20. “Kennedy for President Advisory Campaign Committee,” Manchester, NH, Box 101, RFKP.
21. RK, Wisconsin diary entry, “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
22. Ibid.
23. Ibid.
24. “Excerpts from Cardinal Cushing Article,” Box 101, RFKP.
25. “The 1960 Presidential Campaign,” Jubilee 7 (March 1960): 8–15.
26. Wisconsin itineraries, Box 101, RFKP.
27. Wisconsin diary entry.
28. Jacqueline Kennedy, 55.
29. “Recommendations,” Box 101, RFKP.
30. RK, “Easter 1960,” “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
31. Carolyn Sayler, Doris Fleeson: Incomparably the First Political Journalist of Her Time (Santa Fe, NM: Sunstone Press, 2010), 11.
32. “Easter 1960,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
33. Baltimore speech, Box 101, RFKP.
34. “Itinerary for Mrs. Rose Kennedy [Maryland],” Box 101, RFKP.
35. Ruth Montgomery, “Mama Stumps for Kennedy,” New York Journal-American, June 4, 1960.
36. RK, “Presidency,” June 23, 1960, “Diaries 1959–1970.”
37. RK to JBKO, July 10, [1960], marked “never sent,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
38. “Supporting Kennedy: Kennedy’s Mother to Campaign,” New York Times, July 13, 1960.
39. Gwen Gibson, “A Mother’s Greatest Sacrifice: For Son, Country, Ma Kennedy Tells Age,” Daily News, July 13, 1960, 6.
40. Mary McGarey, “Kennedy’s Mother Is Tan, Trim, Fashionable at 70,” Columbus Dispatch, July 13, 1960.
41. “A Mother’s Greatest Sacrifice.”
42. RK, diary entry, July 12, [1960], “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
43. Diary entry, July 13, [1960], ibid.
44. Diary entry, July 14, [1960], ibid.
45. “Mother’s Day,” AP Wirephoto, “Newspaper Clippings,” Box 14, RFKP.
46. RK to children, Aug. 23, 1960, in HTF, 691.
47. Mrs. J. Paul Richardson to RK, Sept. 28, 1960, Box 101, RFKP.
48. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 10, 1972, Box 8, RFKP.
49. “1960 Campaign: Louisville and Lexington, Kentucky Campaign Trip,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
50. Ibid.
51. RK, “1960 Campaign,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
52. RK, “1960 Campaign: October 7–9.” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
53. “1960 Campaign: Louisville and Lexington.”
54. “1960 Campaign,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
55. “1960 Campaign: October 7–9.”
56. Jacqueline Kennedy, 63.
57. “Mrs. Joseph P. Kennedy: Cities Visited During Campaign,” Box 101, RFKP.
58. Philip B. Kunhardt Jr., ed., Life in Camelot: The Kennedy Years (Boston: Little, Brown, 1988), 156–57.
59. Life, Nov. 21, 1960.
60. “Post Election,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
61. Jacqueline Kennedy, 63–64.
62. RK, “Between Christmas and the Inauguration, 1960,” “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
63. Ibid.
64. Ibid.
65. Ibid.
66. Ibid.
67. Richard Avedon, The Kennedys: Portrait of a Family (New York: Collins Design, 2007), 28–32.
68. Ibid.
69. Jeff Greenfield, Then Everything Changed: Stunning Alternate Histories of American Politics: JFK, RFK, Carter, Ford, Reagan (New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 2011), xiii.
70. RK, “Jackie, Avedon, Hairdressers,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
71. Ibid.
72. RK, “January 19, before the Inauguration,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
73. Ibid.
74. Life in Camelot, 172, 176.
75. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 10, 1972, Box 8, RFKP.
76. “Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy: A Life to Remember,” produced by Freida Lee Mock and Terry Sanders, American Film Foundation, 1990; TTR, 391.
77. TTR, 391.
CHAPTER 11
1. David McCullough, Truman (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992), 970.
2. TTR, 394.
3. James A. Abbott and Elaine M. Rice, Designing Camelot: The Kennedy White House Restoration (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1998), 175–80.
4. TTR, 395–96.
5. “Travel List–Mrs. Kennedy,” undated, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP.
6. Rose Kennedy’s handwritten description of April 19, 1961, visit to White House, Box 14, RFKP. In late 1962 Castro released nearly all the captives in return for food and medicine from the United States.
7. RK, “Jack’s Trip Abroad,” “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
8. Ibid.
9. Michael Gerson, “Trig’s Breakthrough,” Washington Post, Sept. 8, 2008.
10. “Jack’s Trip Abroad.”
11. Ibid.
12. RK to JPK, June 1961, Ritz stationery, Box 14, RFKP.
13. RK, “Hall of Mirrors at Versailles,” “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
14. Ibid.
15. Marguerite Higgins, “Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy,” McCall’s, May 1961, 103.
16. Barbara A. Perry, Jacqueline Kennedy: First Lady of the New Frontier (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2003), 2.
17. RK to BK, October 4, 1961, Box 13, RFKP.
18. TTR, 407.
19. Mary Jo Gargan Clasby, author’s interview, Sept. 7, 2011.
20. JFK to RK, Nov. 3, 1962, “Family Correspondence,” Box 57, RFKP.
21. RK to JFK, Nov. 10, 1962, ibid. Emphasis added.
22. Ibid.
23. Hamish Bowles, Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., and Rachel Lambert Mellon, Jacqueline Kennedy: The White House Years, Selections from the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum (Boston: Bulfinch Press, 2001), 88.
24. Marta Casals Istomin, author’s interview, Jan. 22, 2011; RK, “Casals Concert, November 13, 1961,” “Diaries 1959–1970”; JBKO to RK, undated, White House stationery, ibid. Jackie referred to her mother-in-law by the French term belle mère (literally, “beautiful mother”).
25. RK, “Thanksgiving ’61,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
26. Ibid.
27. “Winchester Chapter Guild of the Infant Saviour Presents Mrs. Joseph P. Kennedy,” November 19, 1961, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 101, RFKP.
28. “My Reactions to My First Visit at the White House,” ibid.
29. “Thanksgiving ’61.”
30. TTR, 416.
31. Laurence Leamer, The Kennedy Men: 1901–1963 (New York: William Morrow, 2001), 336–39.
32. TTR, 418. The family chauffeur claimed that Rose insisted on playing her daily golf game, even as Joe was rushed to the hospital (quoted in The Kennedy Men, 590–91). Teddy stated emphatically, “My mother went to the hospital immediately” (TC, 178).
33. Luella Hennessey-Donovan, Oral History Interview, Sept. 25, 1991, JFKL; Rita Dallas, with Maxine Cheshire, “My 8 Years as the Kennedys’ Private Nurse,” Ladies’ Home Journal, March 1971, 106.
34. Diane Winter, secretary to RK, to Roger Vaurs, press secretary, French consulate, Jan. 9, 1962, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 101, RFKP.
35. RK to Mrs. Lane, Jan. 18, 1962, ibid.
36. RK to Franz Pein, Jan. 9, 1962, ibid.; Franz Pein to RK, Jan. 12, 1962, ibid.
37. Charles J. Lewin to RK, Feb. 5, 1962, ibid.
38. Francis X. Morrissey to RK, Feb. 26, 1962.
39. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 25, 1972, Box 8, RFKP.
40. Henry Betts, interview by Coughlan, July 6, 1972, Robert Coughlan Papers of Northwestern University, MS 82-5:8, JFKL; “My 8 Years as the Kennedys’ Private Nurse,” 106.
41. TTR, 423.
42. Betts, interview by Coughlan, July 6, 1972, Coughlan Papers.
43. Ibid.
44. Ibid.
45. Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., Robert Kennedy and His Times (New York: Ballantine Books, 1979), 634.
46. Ibid.
47. Ibid.
48. Ibid.
49. Peter S. Canellos, ed. Last Lion: The Fall and Rise of Ted Kennedy (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 94.
50. RK to BK, July 10, 1962, “Family Correspondence,” Box 58, RFKP.
51. Diane Winter to ESK, June 7, 1962, ibid.
52. RK to JBKO and EK, Nov. 1, 1962, Box 14, RFKP.
53. RK to JFK, November 10, 1962, “Family Correspondence,” Box 57, RFKP.
54. RK, “Retreat at Noroton, June 24, 1962,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
55. Edward Shorter, The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000), 83–88.
56. EKS, “Hope for Retarded Children,” Saturday Evening Post, Sept. 22, 1962.
57. Undated and unsourced interview with RK, “Speeches and Appearances.” Based on information in the interview, Rose likely gave it in 1963.
58. The Kennedy Family and the Story of Mental Retardation, ch. 5.
59. “Coffee with the Kennedys,” 1962, video, IFP 156, JFKL.
60. RK to Mrs. Carl Ludwig, Jan. 7, 1963; RK to Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Fitzgerald, Jan. 15, 1963, “Speeches and Appearances.”
61. Eleanor O’Byrne to RK, March 12, 1963, Box 58, RFKP.
62. BK to RK, April 15, 1963, “Family Correspondence,” ibid.
63. RK, “Saturday–April 6, 1963,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
64. RK to BK, April 29, 1963, “Family Correspondence,” Box 58, RFKP.
65. RK to ESK, Sept. 24, 1963, ibid.
66. ESK to RK, Oct. 9, 1962, ibid.
67. “Luncheon Given at White House for President and Señora,” July 23, 1962, Box 14, RFKP.
68. Jacqueline Kennedy, 169–73.
69. “Haile Selassie,” “Speeches and Appearances.”
70. “President Kennedy on the South Vietnamese Coup,” Nov. 4, 1963, Miller Center Presidential Recordings Program, University of Virginia, http://millercenter.org/presidentialclassroom/exhibits/jfks-memoir-dictation-on-the-assassination-of-diem.
71. TTR, 441–42.
72. William Manchester, The Death of a President: November 1963 (New York: Harper and Row, 1967), 238–39.
73. TTR, 444.
74. Max Holland, ed., The Presidential Recordings: Lyndon B. Johnson: The Kennedy Assassination and the Transfer of Power, November 1963–January 1964, 3 vols. (New York: W. W. Norton, 2005), 1: 63–66.
75. TTR, 446.
76. TC, 210.
77. TTR, 446.
78. RK, “Reaction to Grief, 1964,” “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
79. Ibid.
CHAPTER 12
1. RK, “Reaction to Grief, 1964,” “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
2. Rita Dallas with Maxine Cheshire, “My 8 Years as the Kennedys’ Private Nurse,” Ladies’ Home Journal, March 1971, 164.
3. “Travel List–Mrs. Kennedy 1957,” “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 100, RFKP. Rose’s prescription medicines are listed in Ronald Kessler’s The Sins of the Father: Joseph P. Kennedy and the Dynasty He Founded (New York: Warner Books, 1996), 372–73. Joe Graedon of NPR’s The People’s Pharmacy, provided the history of popular sedatives / antianxiety medicines; e-mail to author, July 10, 2012.
4. Gertrude Bell to RK, Jan. 22, 1964, Box 14, RFKP.
5. Invitation to dinner for Sir Alec Douglas-Home, Feb. 13, 1964, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 101, RFKP.
6. RK, “March 1964,” “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
7. “Reaction to Grief, 1964.”
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. RK to Terry Sanford, May 21, 1964, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 103, RFKP.
11. Evelyn Blackburn to RK, May 18, 1964, ibid.
12. Peter S. Canellos, ed., Last Lion: The Fall and Rise of Ted Kennedy (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 103.
13. Ibid., 104; TC, 218–25.
14. James H. J. Tate to JPK and RK, May 29, 1964, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 103, RFKP.
15. Eileen Foley, “The Indomitable Mrs. Rose Kennedy,” Philadelphia Bulletin, June 30, 1964.
16. RK, “Summer, 1964–Recall Jack’s Arrival at Hyannis,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
17. TC, 213.
18. RK, “August 1964,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
19. Marquis Childs, “Kennedy’s Mother Real Star of Campaign,” clipping in “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 103, RFKP.
20. Polly Fitzgerald to RK, “Robert F. Kennedy for U.S. Senator,” Oct. 21, 1964, ibid.
21. “2500 Sip Coffee with Kennedys,” [Oct. 1964], unsourced newspaper clipping, ibid; Virginia Spain Spring, “Rose Kennedy Calls on Long Experience for Her Campaigning,” Schenectady Union-Star, Oct. 26, 1964.
22. The Kennedys, American Experience, PBS Home Video, 2003.
23. Evan Thomas, Robert Kennedy: His Life (New York: Touchstone, 2000), 301.
24. Bob Considine, “My Son, the Candidate,” Hearst Headline Service, Oct. 8, 1964.
25. Judy Bennett, “RFK Gets Boost from Mother,” Rochester Democrat and Chronicle, Oct. 30, 1964, 5B.
26. RK’s secretary to BK, Nov. 10, 1964, Box 57, RFKP.
27. Helen Keyes, “Europe Remembers JFK,” This Week, n.d.
28. Marie Bruce, “Reflections on Rose, 1972,” Box 15, RFKP.
29. The Mike Douglas Show, July 1967, JFKL. May be viewed on YouTube.
30. President of Saint Joseph College to RK, March 22, 1965, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 104, RFKP.
31. Bruce West, “Award Dinner Launches $15,00,000 Crusade,” Toronto Globe and Mail, [undated], 2–4; RK to Donald Anderson, Sept. 23, 1965, Box 104, RFKP.
32. RK to Peggy Parsons, Aug. 2, 1966, ibid.
33. Peter Hikss, “Ground Broken for Kennedy Center for Retarded: Mother of Late President Is Praised by the Head of Yeshiva at Ceremony,” New York Times, May 1, 1966; untitled and undated clippings about the center, ibid. The center is now the Rose F. Kennedy University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities.
34. Speech at Yeshiva University, May 1, 1966, Box 104, RFKP.
35. RK to Andrew A. Lynn, Feb. 2, 1967, “Speeches and Appearances, Regretted,” Box 107, RFKP.
36. John Ryan, interview by Coughlan, Sept. 3, 1972, Coughlan Papers, JFKL.
37. Speech at Choate Dedication of Robert Berks’s Bust of John F. Kennedy, May 20, 1967, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 107, RFKP; RK to Harold L. Tinker, May 23, 1967, ibid.
38. Cushing, “Prayer at the Opening Ceremony of the John Fitzgerald Kennedy Federal Building,” Sept. 9, 1966; RK to Francis J. Lally, Sept. 20, 1966, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 104, RFKP.
39. Stephen J. Wayne, The Road to the White House 2004: The Politics of Presidential Elections (Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2004), 12; Thurston Clarke, The Last Campaign: Robert F. Kennedy and 82 Days that Inspired America (New York: Henry Holt, 2008), 25–26.
40. RK, “Outline of my Speech for Bob 1968,” “’68 Campaign,” Box 108, RFKP.
41. Arthur Schlesinger Jr., “Why I Am for Kennedy,” New York Times, May 8, 1968, C33, “’68 Campaign,” ibid.
42. RK, “Bob’s Campaign,” “Diaries, 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
43. Associated Press clipping, dateline Gary, Indiana, in “Robert F. Kennedy Presidential Campaign, Indiana and Illinois,” Box 108, RFKP.
44. “Robert F. Kennedy, Remarks on the Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., Delivered April 4, 1968, Indianapolis, IN,” “American Rhetoric: Top 100 Speeches,” www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/rfkonmlkdeath.html.
45. “Reflections on Rose, 1972.”
46. “Rose Kennedy a Charmer,” San Francisco Examiner, May 20, 1968, 10.
47. Frances Moffat, “The Indefatigable Kennedy Girls,” Los Angeles Chronicle, May 20, 1968, 16.
48. “Rose Kennedy a Charmer.”
49. Myrna Oliver, “How the Kennedys Invaded California,” Los Angeles Herald Examiner, n.d.
50. Ibid.
51. RK, “Diaries, 1968,” Box 4, RFKP.
52. Robert Kennedy, 382.
53. “Robert F. Kennedy Presidential Campaign, California,” Box 108, RFKP.
54. Kitty Hanson, “Her Son the Candidate: At 77, Rose Kennedy Hits the Campaign Trail for Bobby,” clipping in “Presidential Campaign, Oregon,” ibid.
55. TTR, 475.
56. “Diaries, 1968.”
57. “My 8 Years as the Kennedys’ Private Nurse,” 165.
58. The Kennedys, American Experience.
59. Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., Journals: 1952–2000 (New York: Penguin Press, 2007), 293.
60. The Best of Times, the Worst of Times: Rose Kennedy Remembers, BBC, 1974, JFKL. Five-minute clips may be viewed on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1QqbYM24XE&feature=related.
61. “Stabat Mater,” Catholic Encyclopedia, http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14239b.htm.
62. “Edward M. Kennedy: Public Address at Memorial Service for Robert F. Kennedy,” June 8, 1968, http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/ekennedytributetorfk.html.
63. Bill Eppridge and Hay Gorley, Robert Kennedy: The Last Campaign (New York: Harcourt Brace, 1993), 124–31; TTR, 476–77.
64. Sue Salad, secretary to RK, to Coughlan, Nov. 17, 1972, Box 13, RFKP.
65. TTR, 478.
66. Warren Rogers, When I Think of Bobby: A Personal Memoir of the Kennedy Years (New York: HarperCollins, 1993), 185–86.
67. The Journey of Robert F. Kennedy, David L. Wolper, producer, ABC, 1970. Rose had delivered the poignant tribute to Bobby at a December 1968 fund-raising dinner in Boston, organized to retire his campaign debt.
68. The Best of Times, the Worst of Times.
69. Quotes from CNN Larry King Live, interview with Merv Griffin, May 11, 2006, with excerpts of Rose Kennedy on The Merv Griffin Show, http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0605/11/lkl.01.html.
CHAPTER 13
1. Jim Bishop, “The Subject Was Rose,” unsourced newspaper clipping in Box 108, RFKP. Based on the article’s text and its placement in Rose’s files, it was likely published in October 1968. Bishop, a syndicated columnist, appeared in more than two hundred newspapers.
2. Laura Bergquist, “A Visit with the Indomitable Rose Kennedy,” Look, Nov. 26, 1968, 25.
3. Ibid. (original emphasis).
4. RK, “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP. All of the references to Rose’s thoughts about the wedding derive from this source.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. RK to EKS, Oct. 29, 1968, “Family Correspondence, Eunice Kennedy Shriver, 1978–1975,” Box 58, RFKP.
8. RK, “Jackie’s Wedding to Onassis,” Box 4, RFKP.
9. RK to EKS, Oct. 29, 1968.
10. “Jackie’s Wedding to Onassis.”
11. Ibid.
12. RK, “Oct. 17, 1968,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
13. Diane Winter to Stephen Smith, Feb. 11, 1969, “Edward M. Kennedy Senate Campaign, September–November,” Box 112, RFKP.
14. “Sample Questions and Answers for Mrs. Joseph P. Kennedy, The Today Show, Nov. 22, 1968,” Box 108, RFKP.
15. RK to Mrs. Robert Fitzgerald, Jan. 7, 1969, Box 108, RFKP.
16. RK, “Notes and Arrangements for Speaking,” Box 108, RFKP.
17. RK, “The Irish and John F. Kennedy,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
18. National Park Service, “New Strategic Plan to Be Developed for John Fitzgerald Kennedy National Historic Site,” Newsletter 1, Spring, US Department of Interior, 2009.
19. JFK—The Childhood Years, CBS News Special, Oct. 31, 1967, Box 12, RFKP.
20. Peter S. Canellos, ed., Last Lion: The Fall and Rise of Ted Kennedy (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 137.
21. TC, 273–74.
22. Last Lion, 138, 146.
23. Ibid., 148–50; TC, 290.
24. Last Lion, 152–53.
25. RK, interview by Coughlan, Feb. 23, 1972, Box 10, RFKP.
26. Last Lion, 154–55.
27. TTR, 491.
28. Joe McGinniss, The Last Brother: The Rise and Fall of Teddy Kennedy (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993), 544.
29. TTR, 492.
30. RK, interview by Coughlan, Jan. 25, 1972, Box 8, RFKP.
31. Last Lion, 177.
32. “‘Grief, Fear, Doubt, Panic’—and Guilt,” Newsweek, Aug. 3, 1969, http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/1969/08/03/grief-fear-doubt-panic-and-guilt.html.
33. Last Lion, 172.
34. Newsweek, Aug. 3, 1969.
35. RK to JBKO, Aug. 18, 1969, Box 57, RFKP (original emphasis).
36. TC, 293.
37. TTR, 479. Last Lion, 177.
38. “Joseph P. Kennedy Dead; Forged Political Dynasty,” New York Times, Nov. 19, 1969.
39. “The Death of a Dynasty,” Newsweek, Dec. 1, 1969, 28.
40. TTR, 479.
41. RK, “Following Joseph P. Kennedy’s Death,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
42. Olive Watson to RK, undated, Box 124, RFKP.
43. Chris Matthews, Jack Kennedy: Elusive Hero (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2011), 16, 400. Matthews believes that Rose withheld affection from young Jack, a claim Jacqueline Kennedy also made in her famous “Camelot” discussion with journalist Theodore White one week after her husband’s assassination. According to Matthews, Rose never visited Jack at Choate, even when he was seriously ill in the infirmary. The latter may be true, in part because Rose had seven children at home to care for, including an infant. In addition, as we have seen, she began to suffer her own health problems about this time, diagnosed many years later as irritable bowel syndrome. But she came at least once to see Jack at boarding school (for the picnic) and kept close tabs on his health through correspondence with the headmaster’s wife.
44. “The Death of a Dynasty.”
45. “Death of the Founder,” Time, Nov. 28, 1969, 21.
46. Mrs. Joseph P. Kennedy, “Giving Children the Gifts of Faith and Courage,” Ladies’ Home Journal, Dec. 1969.
47. Peggie O’Neill to RK, Jan. 7, 1970, “Letters from the Public,” Box 111, RFKP.
48. RSS to RK, undated, Box 57, RFKP.
49. RSS, jokingly signed “Yul Brenner,” to RK, March 12, 1968, Box 58, RFKP. Yul Brynner starred in stage and screen versions of The King and I. Why Shriver chose the actor’s name to sign this note is unclear.
50. RK to EKS, Oct. 1, 1968; RK to EKS, June 3, 1968; RK to EKS, Oct. 27, 1969; RK to EKS, Sept. 29, 1969, Box 58, RFKP.
51. RK to EKS, June 10, 1970, ibid.
52. RSS to RK, July 8, 1964, ibid.
53. RK to RSS, Aug. 2, 1968, ibid.
54. Jacqueline Kennedy: Historic Conversations on Life with John F. Kennedy (New York: Hyperion, 2011), 51.
55. Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., Journals 1952–2000 (New York: Penguin Press, 2007), 150.
56. RK, “Jackie’s Relationship with Rose Kennedy,” “Diaries 1959–1970,” Box 4, RFKP.
57. RK to JBKO, July 8, 1971, Box 57, RFKP.
58. JBKO and Ari Onassis to RK, postmarked Feb. 13, 1970, ibid.
59. JBKO to RK, April 1970, ibid.
60. RK to Samuel Belkin, June 4, 1970, “Speeches and Appearances, 1970,” Box 112, RFKP.
61. Bridgett Potter to RK, May 21, 1970, ibid.
62. Jim Neel to RK, May 20, 1970, ibid.
63. RK to Don Price, June 3, 1970, ibid.
64. Quoted in Andrew Blake, “JFK’s Rooms at Harvard Dedicated as Memorial Site,” Boston Globe, June 1970, in “Speeches and Appearances, 1970,” Box 112, RFKP.
65. “Rose Kennedy at 80,” Life, July 17, 1970, 21–25.
66. RK, “Trip to Ethiopia,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
67. RSS to RK, Aug. 11, 1970, Box 58, RFKP.
68. “Trip to Ethiopia.”
69. RK, “Summer in Hyannis,” “Diaries 1959–1970.”
70. Ibid.
71. Sally Fitzgerald to RK, undated, “Dorchester,” “Edward M. Kennedy Senate Campaign, September–November,” Box 112, RFKP.
72. “Edward M. Kennedy Senate Campaign.”
73. Associated Press, “Rose Kennedy Campaigns Again for One of Her Sons,” Sept. 22, 1970.
74. Diane Winter, secretary to RK, to Mary Frackelten, June 1, 1970, “Edward M. Kennedy Senate Campaign.”
75. “Edward M. Kennedy Senate Campaign.”
76. Sister Mary Cornelia to RK, Oct. 29, 1970, “Edward M. Kennedy Senate Campaign.”
77. TC, 294.
78. RK to Edward Boland, Nov. 16, 1970, “Edward M. Kennedy Senate Campaign.”
79. Boland to RK, Nov. 23, 1970, “Edward M. Kennedy Senate Campaign.”
80. JBKO to RK, undated, Box 57, RFKP. This missive begins, “How we all enjoyed your letter!”
81. RK to JBKO, July 8, 1971, Box 57, RFKP.
82. JBKO to RK, undated, ibid.
83. RK to JBKO, Dec. 27, 1971, ibid.
84. “Opening of JFK Center for the Performing Arts,” “Diaries 1971,” Box 5, RFKP.
85. Madeline Sulad, secretary to RK, to Jeanne Vanderbilt (Frost’s producer), Feb. 10, 1971, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 113, RFKP.
86. Joyce Yablan to RK, Aug. 25, 1972, ibid.
87. Peter Baker (Frost’s producer) to RK, July 1, 1971, ibid.
88. Gail Cameron, Rose: A Biography of Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1971).
89. Gail Cameron to RK, May 18, 1968, “Correspondence,” Box 97, RFKP.
90. RK to Mrs. Robert Wise Wescott (Gail Cameron), May 31, 1968, ibid.
91. RK to JBKO, July 8, 1971, Box 57, RFKP.
92. RK, “Reactions After Book ‘Rose,’” “Diaries 1971,” Box 4, RFKP.
93. JBKO to RK, undated, Box 57, RFKP.
94. RK to Evan Thomas, July 30, 1967, Box 11, RFKP.
95. Cass Canfield to RK, Nov. 20, 1967, ibid.
96. Evan Thomas to RK, April 22, 1968, ibid; Cass Canfield to RK, April 24, 1968, ibid.
97. Stewart Richardson to RK, Jan. 18, 1973, ibid.
98. Ted Sorensen, Counselor: A Life at the Edge of History (New York: Harper, 2008), 256.
99. Ted Sorensen, author’s conversation, April 15, 2010; Henry Raymont, “Doubleday Gets Rose Kennedy’s Book,” New York Times, Dec. 1, 1971.
100. “Doubleday Gets Rose Kennedy’s Book.”
101. Coughlan to Sue Sulad, secretary to RK, April 13, 1972, Box 11, RFKP.
102. “Comments and Corrections on the Times to Remember Manuscript,” Box 19, RFKP.
103. In the mid-1970s, congressional committees investigating President Kennedy’s assassination uncovered his liaisons with Mafia moll Judith Campbell Exner.
104. Coughlan to RK, May 19, 1974, Box 11, JFKP.
105. Coughlan to RK, Dec. 1963, ibid.
106. RK to Coughlan, June 3, 1974, ibid.
107. Rose Kennedy Remembers: The Best of Times … the Worst of Times, BBC, 1974, JFKL. Five-minute clips may be viewed on YouTube.
108. “Rose Kennedy Talks About Her Life, Her Faith, and Her Children,” McCall’s, Dec. 1973, 121.
109. RK, interview by Felicia Warburg Roosevelt, April 6, 1973, “Mrs. Joseph P. Kennedy,” Box 1, Felicia Rogan Papers, University of Virginia.
110. Ibid.
111. Madeline Sulad, secretary to RK, to Sister Mary Charitas, July 30, 1971, Box 57, RFKP.
112. RK to redacted recipient, March 28, 1972, ibid.
113. Madeline Sulad to Felice Lenz, Jan. 5, 1972, ibid. References to Rosemary’s health issues are redacted at the Kennedy Library.
114. RK to Sister Paulus, Oct. 25, 1972, ibid.
115. Madeline Sulad to William Callahan, Feb. 23, 1972, ibid.; William Callahan letter, Feb. 8, 1972, ibid.
116. Joseph Kennedy left up to $1 million to Rose, along with real estate investments; $50,000 to his two sisters; and the remainder of his $2- to $4-million estate to the Kennedy Foundation. “A Kennedy Will Aids Foundation,” New York Times, Aug. 26, 1970.
117. Eleanor Roberts, “Rose Kennedy Visits Dinah—and Shows She’s Super-Organized,” Boston Herald Traveler, April 3, 1972, B31.
118. RK to Dinah Shore, April 14, 1972, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 113, RFKP.
119. Betty Long to RK, April 12, 1972, ibid. (original emphasis).
120. Journals 1952–2000, 358.
121. Nancy E. McGlen et al., Women, Politics, and American Society, 4th ed. (New York: Pearson Longman, 2005), 82.
122. Journals 1952–2000, 410.
123. Linda Corley, photographs by Bob Davidoff, The Kennedy Family Album: Personal Photos of America’s First Family (Philadelphia: Running Press, 2008).
124. RK to Sister Sheila, June 11, 1975, Box 57, RFKP.
125. RK to Sister Julaine, Aug. 5, 1975, ibid.
126. Journals 1952–2000, 430.
127. Barbara Gibson and Ted Schwarz, Rose Kennedy and Her Family: The Best and Worst of Their Lives and Times (New York: Birch Lane, 1995), ch. 14.
128. Journals 1952–2000, 449.
EPILOGUE
1. David Frost Show, “Speeches and Appearances,” Box 113, RFKP.
2. Adam Clymer, Edward M. Kennedy: A Biography (New York: William Morrow, 1999), 286–300; TC, 371–75. See also Timothy Stanley, Kennedy v. Carter: The 1980 Battle for the Democratic Party's Soul (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2010).
3. Edward M. Kennedy, 300–19; TC, 373–80.
4. Edward M. Kennedy, photograph, between pp. 272 and 273.
5. Maria Shriver's tribute to her grandmother on her one hundredth birthday included clips from the 1982 party. They may be viewed on YouTube.
6. Charles Higham, Rose: The Life and Times of Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy (New York: Pocket Books, 1995), 427.
7. www.stcolettawiorg/about/history.php, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
8. Peter S. Canellos, ed. Last Lion: The Fall and Rise of Ted Kennedy (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2009), 308.
9. TTR, 2004 ed., xii.
10. RK to EKS, March 2, 1971, “Family Correspondence, Eunice Kennedy Shriver, 1968–75,” Box 58, RFKP.
11. www.findagrave.com, accessed Oct. 27, 2012.
12. Martin Weil, “Rosemary Kennedy, 86; President’s Disabled Sister,” Washington Post, Jan. 8, 2005; Andrew Jacobs, “Patricia Kennedy Lawford Dies at 82,” New York Times, Sept. 18, 2006.
13. U.S. News and World Report, Nov. 15, 1993, cited by Carla Baranauckas, “Eunice Kennedy Shriver, Influential Founder of Special Olympics, Dies at 88,” New York Times, Aug. 11, 2009.
14. Barbara A. Perry, “The First Family,” in Companion to the John F. Kennedy Presidency, ed. Marc Selverstone (Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, forthcoming).
15. “Kennedys’ Oceanfront Compound House Donated to Edward M. Kennedy Institute,” Huffington Post, Jan. 30, 2012.
16. Vincent Bzdek, The Kennedy Legacy: Jack, Bobby and Ted and a Family Dream Fulfilled (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009), 248.
17. Glen Johnson, Travis Andersen, and Martine Powers, “Joseph Kennedy III Announces Congressional Campaign,” Boston Globe, Feb. 16, 2012.
18. Jean Kennedy Smith, author’s interview, Sept. 20, 2010.
19. Brad Darrach, “The Sorrow and the Strength: Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy 1890–1995,” Life, February 1995, 52.
20. Jean Kennedy Smith, e-mail to author, Feb. 23, 2012.