Archives
Boston Public Library, Boston, Massachusetts
Cook County Clerk's Office, Chicago, Illinois
Birth Records
Marriage Records
Drew County Clerk's Office, Monticello, Arkansas
Marriage Records
Dwight D. Eisenhower Library
James P. Mitchell Papers
Anne Whitman Papers
Farmington Public Library Genealogy Archive, Farmington, Missouri
Colored Masonic Cemetery Burial Records
St. Francois County Marriage Records
Fitchburg State University Library, Fitchburg, Massachusetts
Hennepin County Clerk's Office, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Marriage Records
Itawamba County Clerk's Office, Fulton, Mississippi
Marriage Records
Lincoln University Library, Jefferson City, Missouri
National Archives, Washington, D.C.
Freedman's Bank Records
U.S. Patent Office
Newberry Library, Chicago, Illinois
Pulaski County Clerk's Office, Little Rock, Arkansas
Marriage Records
Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York, New York
Sigma Pi Phi Archives, New York, New York
Skipwith Historical Society, Oxford, Mississippi
St. Peter's Cemetery Burial Records
Lafayette County Record of Colored Marriages
Educable Children Records for Lafayette County
St. Louis County Clerk's Office, St. Louis, Missouri
Marriage Records
Death Records
St. Louis County Library, St. Louis, Missouri
Genealogy Archives
Washington Park Cemetery Burial Records
St. Louis Public Library, St. Louis, Missouri
U. S. Department of Labor Archives, Wirtz Labor Library, Washington, DC
United Methodist Church Archives and History Center, Madison, New Jersey
University of Chicago Library, Chicago, Illinois
University of Illinois at Urbana Library, Urbana, Illinois
University of Illinois Circle Campus Library, Chicago, Illinois
University of Mississippi Library, Oxford, Mississippi
J. Ernest Wilkins Papers, Private Collection, Boston, MA
U.S. Federal Censuses
Drew County, Arkansas. Census, 1910
Lafayette County, Mississippi. Census, 1860, 1870, 1880.
———. Slave schedule, 1850, 1860.
Pulaski County, Arkansas. Census, 1900
St. Francois County, Missouri. Census, 1880, 1900, 1910, 1920
St. Louis County, Missouri. Census, 1920, 1930
Newspapers
Baltimore Afro-American
Chicago Daily Inter Ocean
Chicago Defender
Chicago Sun-Times
Chicago Tribune
Cleveland Gazette
Farmington Times
Los Angeles Times
New York Amsterdam News
New York Times
Pittsburgh Courier
St. Louis Argus
St. Louis Post-Dispatch
St. Paul Western Appeal
University of Illinois Daily Illini
City Directories
Chicago, Illinois, 1888-1889
Little Rock, Arkansas, 1893-1894
Memphis, Tennessee, 1874-1878
St. Louis, Missouri, 1915-1938
Personal Interviews
Crowder, Hollis. Personal interview. Skipwith Historical Society, January 8, 2009.
Dougas, Laranita. Telephone interview, December 18, 2008.
Hesburgh, Theodore. Telephone interview, September 11, 2008.
Leighton, George N. Telephone interview, September 20, 2008.
Montgomery, James. Telephone interview, August 5, 2008.
Siciliano, Rocco. Telephone interview, September 11, 2008.
Wilkins, Constance. Telephone interview, June 8, 15, 2008.
Wilkins, Elizabeth. Personal interview, Chicago, IL., August 21 and 22, 2008.
Wilkins, J. Ernest Jr. Telephone interview, December 15, 1995.
Print Sources
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Booker, Simeon. “The Last Days of J. Ernest Wilkins.” Ebony Magazine (March 1960).
Burk, Robert Frederick. The Eisenhower Administration and Black Civil Rights. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1984
Butler, Anne S. “Black Fraternal and Benevolent Societies in Nineteenth-Century America.” In Tamara L. Brown, Gregory S. Parks, and Clerenda M. Phillips, eds., African American Fraternities and Sororities: The Legacy and the Vision. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2005.
Carroll, Rebecca. Saving the Race: Conversations on DuBois from a Collective Memoir of Souls. New York: Random House, 2004.
Cavett, Kathleen, and Jill Hope. Voices of Rondo: Oral Histories of Saint Paul's Historic Black Community. Minneapolis: Syren Book Company, 2005.
Cayce [Casey], Ethelean. “History of the Black People in Farmington,” St. Francois Historical Society Newsletter, June 27, 1984. In Faye Sitzes, ed., “African American History in Farmington.”
“Civil Rights Commission to Shun Segregated Montgomery Hotels.” New York Times, December 4, 1958.
“Colored Churches,” Farmington News, October 14, 1927. In Sitzes, “African American History in Farmington.”
Doyle, Don H. Faulkner's County: The Historical Roots of Yoknapatawpha. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
Dulles, Foster Rhea. The Civil Rights Commission, 1957-1965. Ann Arbor: Michigan State University Press, 1968.
Eisenhower, Dwight D. Mandate for Change. Garden City: Doubleday, 1963.
———. Waging Peace. Garden City: Doubleday, 1965.
Farmington Public Library, ed. Farmington, Missouri: The First 200 Years, 1798-1998. Paducah: Turner Publishing, 2000. “The First Sermon of the Rev. Bird Wilkins.” Chicago Tribune, April 18, 1887.
Frazier, E. Franklin. Black Bourgeoisie. New York: Macmillan, 1957.
Garner, James W. Reconstruction in Mississippi. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1968.
Graham, Lawrence Otis. Our Kind of People: Inside America's Black Upper Class. New York: HarperCollins, 1999.
Graves, John William. Town and Country: Race Relations in an Urban-Rural Context, Arkansas, 1865-1905. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 1990.
Hassell, Joan, ed. Memphis, 1800-1900. Vol. 1, Years of Challenge, 1800-1860; vol. 2, Years of Crisis, 1860-1870; vol. 3, Years of Courage, 1870-1900. New York: Nancy Powers, 1982.
Herring, Cedric, Verna Keith and Hayward Horton, eds. Skin/Deep: How Race and Complexion Matter in the “Color-Blind” Era. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2004.
Hicks, William. History of Louisiana Negro Baptists from 1804 to 1914. Nashville: National Baptist Publishing Board, 1911.
Hunter, Tera W. To 'Joy My Freedom: Southern Black Women's Lives and Labors after the Civil War. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997.
Katzman, David M. Seven Days a Week: Women and Domestic Service in Industrializing America. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981.
Krenn, Michael. Black Diplomacy: African Americans and the State Department, 1945-1969. Armonk: ME Sharpe, 1999.
Leeman, Wayne. “Farmington Teacher's 51-Year Career,” St. Louis Post Dispatch, May 13, 1954. In Sitzes, “African American History in Farmington.”
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Parks, Arnold G. Lincoln University, 1920-1970. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing, 2007.
Percy, Anne. The Early History of Oxford, Mississippi. Oxford: Percy Enterprises, 2008.
Rawick, George P., Jan Hillegas, and Ken Lawrence. The American Slave: A Composite Autobiography. Vol. 10. Westport: Greenwood Press, 1972-79.
Reed, Christopher Robert. Black Chicago's First Century. Vol. 1, 1833-1900. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2005.
“Rev. J. B. Wilkins of St. Louis, Yale Graduate, Buried.” St. Louis Argus, August 12, 1938.
Roberts, Evangeline. “Old Harvard Grad Speaks at Bethesda.” Chicago Defender, October 29, 1927.
Savage, W. Sherman. History of Lincoln University. Jefferson City: Lincoln University Press, 1939.
Sellars, James Benson. Slavery in Alabama. Tuscaloosa and London: The University of Alabama Press, 1950.
Siciliano, Rocco. Walking on Sand. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 2004.
Sitzes, Faye, ed. “African American History in Farmington.” Unpublished collection. Farmington Public Library Genealogy Archives.
“Sixteen-Year-Old Linotypist Sets 40,000 Ems in Day.” St. Louis Argus, March 30, 1923.
Smith, Jessie Carney. “J. Ernest Wilkins.” In Notable Black American Men. Detroit: Gale Publications, 1998.
Sollors, Werner, Caldwell Titcomb, and Thomas A. Underwood. Blacks at Harvard: A Documentary History of African-American Experience at Harvard and Radcliffe. New York: New York University Press, 1993.
Spear, Allan. Black Chicago: The Making of a Negro Ghetto – 1890-1920. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1967.
St. Francois Historical Society. “Interview with Ethelean Cayce, June 27 1984.” In Faye Sitzes, ed., “African American History in Farmington.”
Strait, Karen K. “139-Year-Old Building Here Once Was Center of Activity for Black Community,” Farmington Forum, February 14, 1996. In Sitzes, “African American History in Farmington.”
Thompson, Patrick. History of the Negro Baptists in Mississippi. Jackson, 1898.
Washington, Michael, and Cheryl Nunez. “Education, Racial Uplift and the Rise of the Greek-Letter Tradition.” In African American Fraternities and Sororities: The Legacy and Vision, ed. Tamara L. Brown, Gregory S. Parks, and Clerenda M. Phillips. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2005.
Who's Who in America, 1952–1853. “J. Ernest Wilkins.” Chicago: Marquis, 1952.
Wilkins, J. Ernest. “New Horizons,” Boule Journal, Vol. 18 #1, October, 1954.
“Wilkins Stymies Reds at Geneva.” Chicago Defender, June 19, 1954.
Williams, Chad. “Battle Scarred: World War I, African American Officers, and the Fight for Racial Equality.” Africana Heritage 8 (2008): 8-9.
Williams, Heather Andrea. Self-Taught:African American Educationin Slavery and Freedom. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 2005.
Williams, Robert Chadwell. Horace Greeley: Champion of American Freedom. New York: New York University Press, 2006.
Williamson, Joel. William Faulkner and Southern History. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
World Methodist Council, United Methodist Church Commission on Archives and History. Encyclopedia of World Methodism. Nashville: United Methodist Publishing House, 1960.
Wright, James C. “Porter Family History, Jeffersonville, In.” Unpublished manuscript.
Wright, John A., Sr. The Ville, St. Louis. Chicago: Arcadia Publishing, 2001.
Internet Sources
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The American Experience. “The Murder of Emmett Till.” http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/till/index.html.
Billings, Molly. “The Influenza Pandemic of 1918.” Human Virology at Stanford. http://virus.stanford.edu/uda/.
Cable News Network. “CNN News Report,” September 19, 2007. http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/09/19/jackson.jena6/index.html.
Crocker, Evelyn. “Slave Records of Lafayette County MS.” MsGenWeb Project. http://www.theusgenweb.org/ms/lafayette/slave_records.html.
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Israel, Benjamin. “Oldest black newspaper in St. Louis on last legs.” St. Louis Journalism Review, September 2003. http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/summary_0199-3114442_ITM.
Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity. A Short Chronicle of Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity—A Brief History. http://www.kappaalphapsi1911.com/fraternity/history.asp.
Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc. “Laurel Wreath Commission.” http://www.kappaalphapsi1911.com/committees/laurel_wreath.asp
Kirkland, Marcus. “The Early History of Farmington.” Farmington News Printing Company, 1965. www.rootsweb.ancestry.com.
Lawson, Eric, and Jane Lawson. “Black Yankee: An Interview with Thomas Davis, First World War Veteran.” http://worldwarI.com/sfdavis.
Lovett, Bobby L. “Beale Street.” Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Nashville: Tennessee Historical Society, 1998. http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/imagegallery.php?EntryID=B019
Mayes, Edward. History of Education in Mississippi. U.S. Bureau of Education, 1899. http://books.google.com/books?id=MRycAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=edward+mayes&source=gbs_book
Missouri Digital Heritage Timeline. http://www.sos.mo.gov/archives/resources/africanamerican/timeline/.
Paton, Alan. “The Negro in America Today: South African Novelist Alan Paton Dissects the Racial Situation in the South in the Year of Brown v Board of Education.” historymatters.gmu.edu/6337.
Pilgrim Baptist Church. “History.” www.pilgrimbaptistchurch.org/history.htm
Public Broadcasting Service. “The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow.” http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_events_birth.html. Accessed November 20, 2009.
Tipton, Jim. “Lincoln Cemetery.” http://www.findagrave.com/php/famous.php?FScemeteryid=106612&page=cem.
Washington, Reginald. “The Freedman's Savings & Trust Company and African American Genealogical Research.” Federal Records and African American History 29 (Summer 1997). http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/1997/summer/freedmans-savings-and-trust.html.
Whitted, J. A. History of the Negro Baptists of North Carolina. Raleigh: Broughton Printing, 1908. http://docsouth.unc.edu/church/whitted/menu.html
Vibert, Paul. La nouvelle France catholique. Schleicher Frères, 1908. http://books.google.com/books?id=gXsOAAAAYAAJ.
Additional Sources
Fox News Report, WFNX TV, March 21, 2007.
University of Chicago Registrar. “College Transcript for J. Ernest Wilkins Jr.” Chicago, 1937.
Wilkins, J. Ernest. “Toastmaster's Address. ”Presented during Lincoln University Founders' Day Celebration. Lincoln University, Jefferson City, 1941.