Abbot, Robert S., 115
African American(s): elite, 3–4, 36, 86, 107–8, 154; fraternal organizations, 3–4, 23, 51, 86, 152; schools, 50–51, 55
African American History in Farmington, 94
All Souls Unitarian Church, 64
American Retail Corporation, 114
Anderson, Jack, 119
And Justice For All, 147
Antioch Baptist Church, 80, 87, 89
Armour, Philip, 62
Armstrong, Lil Hardin, 153
Arutyunyan, Avakimovich, 118
Ashley County, AR, 72
Asia, 118
Atlanta, GA, 49
Aunt Frances, 7
Aunt Marjory, Aunt Marj. See Jackson, J. Marjory Aunt Sarah, 75, 101, 105
Baker, Dayse, 82, 95, 96, 116, 158
Baltimore Afro-American, 140
Baptists, 55, 57–8, 61, 64–67, 71–72
Barr, Hugh, 46
Barr, Paula, 158
Bartholemew Township, AR, 71
Berra, Yogi, 109
Berry, Mary Frances, 147
Bethel AME Church, 61
Bethesda Baptist Church, 61–64, 88
Birth of a Nation, 110
Black Authenticity. See Racial Identity
Black Bourgeoisie, 3
Black Chicago's First Century, 62
Black Knights of Pythias, 56, 152
Bloomingdale's Department Store, 131
Boalt Law School, 153
Booker, Simeon, 133, 136–38, 141, 149–50
Boone County, MO, 58
Brooks, Gwendolyn, 153
Brown v. Board of Education, 121–22, 128, 130, 134, 136
Brownsville, TN, 88
Bryant, Carolyn, 127
Burney, S.G., 46
Burning Tree Country Club, 120
Burr Oaks, IL, 107
Busbey, Fred, 119 Business Men's Bible Training School, 84
Cairo, IL, 85
Carelton, Doyle, 146
Cass, Millard, 132
Cayce, Ethelean, 56, 93–94, 96, 98, 158
Cayce, J. W., 56
Cayce, Milton P., 93
Chicago Daily Inter Ocean, 61
Chicago Defender, 41–42, 45, 85–86, 88, 115–17
Chicago Illustrated Graphic News, 66–67
Chicago Sun-Times, 140
Chicago Tribune, 41, 47, 62–63, 65–66
Chicago: CW in, 29–36, 40; Hyde Park, 105; schools, 2, 31, 105, 109; South Side, 5, 31, 59
Cincinnati, 107
Civil Rights Act of 1957, 135, 146, 151
Civil Rights Commission. See United States Commission on Civil Rights
Civil War, 45–47, 55, 56, 93, 95
Clark University, 108
Cold War, 118
Cole, Nat “King,” 33
Colored Hall, 56, 98–99, 157–58
Colored Masonic Cemetery, 97–98, 157–58
Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, 109
Colored Working Men's Association, 56,
Congregationalist, 65
Conservatorio di Guiseppe Verdi, 5, 7
Constitution. See United States Constitution
Cook County Bar Association, 113
Cooper, Mariah, 40–41, 52, 73–74, 80, 91, 94, 125
Cooper, Mrs. Tim, 66
Crosett, AR, 72
Cuba, 121
Cumberland Presbyterian Church, 43, 46
Daily Journal Online, 158
Dawson, William L., 113
Democratic Party, 113, 128, 145
Department of Labor. See United States Department of Labor
Detroit, MI, 116
Diggs, Charles C., 17
Diggs, Watson, 23
Dirksen, Everett, 128
Discrimination: and Civil Rights Commission, 146; in employment, 113, 147; in Farmington, 22; in government, 115–16; in Urbana, 23; in voting, 147–48, 150–52. See also Segregation
Douglass, Frederick, 42, 51, 88
Douthit, Susie. See Wilkins, Susie
Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt, 24
DuSable High School, 33
Dyett, “Captain” Walter Henri, 33
809th Pioneer Brigade, 24–25, 85
Early History of Farmington, the, 95
Ebony magazine, 127–28, 133, 141, 149–50
Eden, Horatio J., 43
Einstein, Albert, 31
Eisenhower, Dwight David, 16, 17; black appointees, 128; and black voters, 128; and Civil Rights, 130, 146, 148, 151; and CRC, 146, 148, 151; and ILO, 118; Little Rock Crisis, 134–35; and Mitchell, 131; Montgomery bus boycott, 129; PCGC, 113; and Wilkins 115–16, 137–40, 152
Elizabeth, N.J., 130
Elleard, Charles M., 80
Farmington, MO: CW in, 90–99; high school, 95, 158; history, 92–99; Masons in, 51, 99; segregation in, 22, 55–56, 115
Farmington, Missouri, The First 200 Years, 93
Farmington Cemetery Preservation Association, 157
Farmington Public Library, 91, 157
Farren Elementary School, 31
Faubus, Orville, 134
Faulkner, William, 42
Faulkner's County: The Historical Roots of Yoknapatawpha, 43
Field, Marshall, 62
Fitchburg State College, 127, 141
Forrest, Nathan Bedford, 43
Foster, Rube, 153
Foundry Methodist Church, 152
FOX News, 105
Freedman's Bureau, 45
Freiberg Opera House, 65
Frierson, Susie, 52
Frierson, William, 52
Gammon Theological Seminary, 42, 89
Garner, James, 50
Garner, LaDonna, 158
Gilhooley, John, 132
Griffith, W.B., 110
Gutenberg Bible, 111
Hagerty, James, 115
Hall, Prince, 51
Hamilton College, 41
Handy, W. C., 49
Harvard University, 41, 42, 88, 153; Widener Library, 111, 117–18, 146
Harvard Law School, 4, 11, 32, 105, 146, 154
Haymarket Bombing incident, 62
Hickman, Robert Thomas, 58
Hicks, William, 55
Hilton, Conrad, 128
History Keepers, 108
History of Louisiana Baptists from 1804–1914, 55
History of the Negro Baptists in Mississippi, 55
History of the Negro Baptists of North Carolina, 55
Horace Greeley: Champion of American Freedom, 88
Houston, Charles Hamilton, 25
Howard University, 42, 45, 88, 89
Hoxie, AR, 129
Hyde Park Kenwood Association, 152
Illini Club, 23
Influenza Epidemic of 1918, 24–25
Ingner, Bernard, 157
International Harvester Corporation, 114
International Labor Organization (ILO), 117–19, 121–22, 133, 136–37, 140
Iron Mountain Railway, 55
Itawamba County, MS, 52
Jack and Jill Club, 4
Jackson, J. Marjory: about, 5–8; funeral of, 14–16; and Ethel Porter, 101–2; and JB Wilkins, 107; and Lucile, 110; stories of, 37, 41, 75, 86
Jackson, Jesse, 106
Jamison, Winnie, 52
Jefferson Medical College, 41, 42, 88
Jena, LA, 106
Jena Six, 106
Jenkins, Lloyd, 64
Jeremiah (McFarland), 6, 74, 75, 89, 101
John Marshall Elementary School, 81
Johnson, Jack, 25
Johnson, James Weldon, 158
Johnson, Lyndon B., 146
Jolley, Levi, 128
Kappa Alpha Psi, 4, 23, 86, 108, 113, 152
Karraker, Vonne Phillips, 157–58
Keating, Kenneth, 135
Keith, Harold, 118
King, Dr. Martin Luther, 129–30, 135
Kirkland, Marcus, 95
La Jolla, CA, 107
Lafayette County, MS, 42–46, 52
Leopold and Loeb murder case, 88
Lewis, William F., 115 Liberia, 7
Lift Every Voice and Sing, 158
Light complexion. See Skin Color
Lincoln Cemetery, 153
Lincoln Institute. See Lincoln University
Lincoln University, 22–24, 85, 113
Links, Society of, 4 Literacy, 45–46
Little Rock, AR, 70–71, 84, 88–89, 134–35
Lomax, Lewis, 137
Louisiana, 129
Louisiana Purchase, 93
Lownes, County, AL, 150
Lucy, Autherine, 129
MacDonald, John, 59
Madison, WI, 32
Malone, Annie, 80
Masons, Prince Hall, 51, 56, 58, 97, 152
Maxwell Air Force Base, 148
McCosh Elementary School, 31
McFarland, Carrie, 76
Meany, George, 114
Memphis, TN: Iron Mountain Railroad, 55; riot of 1866, 50; slave market, 43–44; yellow fever epidemic, 51–52
Menotti, Gian Carlo, 5
Methodist Board of Missions, 35, 109, 139
Methodist Judicial Council, 17, 113, 152
Metis Indians, 58
Mgeni, Yusef, 58
Milwaukee Sentinel, 65
Mississippi Legislature, 45
Missouri: birth records, 40; Louisiana purchase, 93; segregation in, 22–23, 55–56, 82; slavery in, 55, 95
Mitchell, Clarence, 137–38, 140
Mitchell, James P.: about, 130–31; and Wilkins, 17, 132–43, 152
Mitchell, J. E., 82
Mitchell, William, 82
Montgomery, AL: bus boycott, 129–30; CRC in, 147–50
Montgomery, James, 108
Morrow, E. Frederick, 119–20, 129–30, 134–38, 140, 142, 151
Murphy, Lena, 70–71, 74, 80, 84, 87, 89, 91
Murphy, Lewis, 98
Murphy, Sarah Barton, 95
Murphy, William, 92
Napier, William Carroll, 46
Nation, the, 147
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 24, 134, 137–38, 140
National Urban League, 128, 130
New Citizen, 88
New Leader, 147
New Orleans Daily Picayune, 63
New York Times, 16, 17, 18, 115, 116, 148
Nixon, Richard: and PCGC, 114–15; and blacks, 116; cabinet meeting, 120–21; and Wilkins resignation, 138
North Carolina, 129
North Mississippi College, 45
Notre Dame University, 146
101st Airborne Division, 134–35
Oak Grove Cemetery, 79
Obama, Barack, 17, 105–6, 110–11, 142, 145
Oberlin College, 4
Oxford, MS, 42–47, 52–53, 57, 70–71
Paton, Alan, 122
Pensacola, FL, 157
Persons, Wilton B., 151
Phi Beta Kappa, 24
Phillips, Alexander, 47
Pittsburgh Courier, 118, 128, 140
Poro College, 80
Porter, Ethel, 74–75, 89, 99, 101–2, 157
Powell, Adam Clayton, 129, 152
Powell, Colin, 17
President's Committee on Government Contracts(PCGC), 113–15, 117, 131, 136
President's Committee on Government Employment Practices (PCGEP), 121–22
Prudence Crandall Club, 61
Puccini, Giacomo, 5
Pulpit and Desk Quarterly, 59
Pyle, Howard, 128
Quinn Chapel, 61
Rabb, Max, 128
Reconstruction, 47
Republican Party: and blacks, 120, 121, 127–28; in Chicago, 113; 1956 convention, 122; in St. Louis, 82
Record of Educable Children for Lafayette County, 52
Reed, Christopher, 62
Reuther, Walter, 114
Rice, Condoleeza, 17
Roberts, Evangeline, 88
Robinson, Christopher K., 79, 82–83
Robinson, John Wallace, 12, 25, 76
Rochester Theological Seminary, 41, 42
Roebuck, John, 43
Roosevelt, James, 114
Segregation: in the army, 24–25; in Chicago, 31; de facto, 3; in Farmington, 22, 55, 95; and JE Wilkins Jr., 107; and labor unions, 131; laws, 22, 82; Little Rock crisis, 133–36
Seven Days a Week, 71
Shaw, Lucindy, 44
Shaw University, 41
Shorter College, 84
Shreveport, LA, 152
Simmons, Mrs. W.C., 85
Sitzes, Faye, 94
Skin Color, 2–5, 46, 100, 106–10, 154. See also Passing
Slavery, 55, 65, 153; and Communism, 118; in Farmington, 92–93; literacy of slaves, 45; slave markets, 6, 43–44
Smith, Jesse Carney, 141
Southern Methodist University, 146
Soviet Union, 118
Stewart, Gloria, 107
St. Francois County, 94
St. Genevieve, MO, 92
St. James AME Church, 80
St. Louis, MO, 21, 55, 73, 74, 76, 80, 88
St. Louis Argus, 42, 44, 80, 82–84, 86–87, 89, 96
St. Louis Clarion, 74, 79–80, 82–84, 87
St. Louis County Library, 74, 80, 82–83
St. Louis Post Dispatch, 95
St. Louis University Hospital, 100
St. Luke's AME Church, 56
St. Mark Church (Chicago), 25, 26, 30, 152
St. Mark's Church (New York), 12, 114
St. Mary's Hospital, 88
St. Nazaire, France, 25
St. Paul's CME Church, 36, 70, 96, 98–99, 158
Sumner High School, 80
Sumner Teaching College, 85–86
Sweeney, Mary, 107
Sweeney, Samuel, Sr., 4
Swink, Mayme, 98
Talented Tenth, 24
Tankersley, J. D., 44
Texas, 151
Thompson, Patrick, 55
Touhy, William J., 113
Tucson, AZ, 121
Turner, Jane, 158
Tuskegee University, 149
Uncle Charles, 7
Underwood, Benjamin Franklin, 67
Union Female College, 45
United States Army, 24, 120, 131
United States cabinet, 4, 120–21
United States Civil Rights Commission: Creation of, 135, 146–47; in Montgomery, 148–51; in Shreveport, 152; and Wilkins, 4, 135–36, 139, 140–41, 151
United States Congress: Civil Rights Act, 135, 146; confirmation proceedings, 116, 135; segregationists in, 115
United States Constitution, 121, 130, 149–50
United States Department of Justice, 129, 151
United States Department of Labor: and discrimination, 116–17; ILO, 117; Wilkins resignation, 29, 40, 74, 105, 111, 136, 137–43; working conditions, 131–33
United States Department of State, 118, 133, 136
United States Navy Hospital, 157
United States Patent Office, 69
United States Supreme Court, 22, 82; Brown decision, 121, 129–30, 136
University of Alabama, 129
University of Chicago, 2, 4, 29, 108–9, 147
University of Chicago Law School, 25, 26, 29
University of Illinois, 22–24, 85–86, 120
University of Indiana, 23
University of Michigan, 146
University of Mississippi, 45
University of Missouri, 22, 23
University of Wisconsin, 32
Urbana, IL, 23
U.S. News and World Report, 21
Valhalla Cemetery, 79
Varner, Robert E., 149
Vatican, 119
Vibert, Paul, 59
Voigt, John: and Aunt Marj, 13–16; and CW, 21, 40, 46, 125–27; in Farmington, 91–99; and Santeria, 12; in St. Louis, 79–89, 100–102
Waddell, James, 46
Wallace, George, 149
Washington Park Cemetery, 79–81, 89, 153
Washington, Val, 113
“We Are Family” (song), 6, 11, 102
Webster, Emma, 45
Wendall Phillips High School, 32
White Citizen's Council, 129
White Plains, NY, 107
Whitted, Rev. J. A., 55
Who's Who in Black America, 21
Wilkins, Ann Marie, 145
Wilkins, Aravelle (brother of J. Ernest), 69, 73, 79, 82, 85–86
Wilkins, Byrd J. (brother of J. Ernest), 65, 73, 85, 86, 98, 158
Wilkins, Carolyn M.: cotillion, 4–5; and discrimination, 116; racial identity, 2, 106–7
Wilkins, Charles (brother of J. Ernest), 59, 73, 79, 96
Wilkins, David, 8, 11, 29, 105–6, 145, 154
Wilkins, Edward Everett Horton (son of JB), 70–71, 85
Wilkins, Elizabeth: discrimination and, 3; and Obama, 105–6; and J. Ernest, 23, 29, 33–35, 117; and Lucile, 33–36; and passing, 107–8
Wilkins, Henry (son of JB), 71
Wilkins, Howard (son of JB), 71, 84
Wilkins, J. Ernest, Sr.: army, 24–25; attorney, 76, 113; and Aunt Marj, 39–40; childhood, 21, 71–73, 82, 158; CRC, 135, 146–52, 154; death, 18, 36, 152; and discrimination, 120, 122, 136, 147; heart attack, 137, 150; ILO, 117, 121; in Chicago, 30–32, 113; and JB Wilkins, 74, 85–86, 89; and Kappas, 4, 23; Labor appointment, 4, 16–18; law school, 25; at Lincoln, 22–23; and Lucile, 26, 29–31; Methodism, 130; and Mitchell, 130–33; PCGC, 113–15, 117, 131, 136; obit, 17–18; PCGEP, 121–22; resignation, 17–18, 26, 29, 35, 111, 127, 137–43; social status, 3; temperament, 32–33, 36.
Wilkins, J. Ernest Jr., 4, 26, 29, 31–32, 56, 107–8, 147, 154
Wilkins, Jesse (brother of JB), 42
Wilkins, John B.: about, 41–42, 146; agricultural machine, 69; aliases, 57, 72, 74, 83, 84, 88; character, 52–53; in Chicago, 61–67, 89; children, 52, 69, 65, 70; death of, 88; in Farmington, 93, 99, 157; grave, 79–80, 98; literacy of, 45; in Little Rock, 71–72; marriages, 52, 56, 70; in Masons, 51; in Memphis, 50–52; newspaperman, 66, 83; obits, 88–89; in Oxford, 42–47, 52; sermons, 59, 63, 85; skin color, 46, 108; slavery and, 44–45, 63, 153; in St. Louis, 75, 84–86, 89; teacher, 47–51, 55–56, 67; theology, 65, 67, 88; training for ministry, 57
Wilkins, John and Mary (children of JB), 52
Wilkins, John Brooksy (son of JB), 71
Wilkins, John R., 4, 16, 26, 31–32, 105, 154
Wilkins, Julian, 3–4, 26, 31–32, 36–39, 105, 120, 153–54
Wilkins, Leroy (brother of JB), 42, 52
Wilkins, Leroy (son of JB), 52
Wilkins, Lucile R., 4, 25–26, 29, 33–39, 76, 108–10, 139, 152
Wilkins, Mary (sister of JB), 42
Wilkins, Mary Corinne (sister of J. Ernest), 69, 73, 82
Wilkins, McKinley (son of JB), 84
Wilkins, Sally Murray, 42
Wilkins, Samuel (son of JB), 83–84, 86
Wilkins, Stephen M., 8, 11, 105, 154
Wilkins, Susie Douthit: employment, 71–73; grave of, 98, 157–58; homes, 96–97; and JB Wilkins, 40, 56–57, 65, 69, 91; skin color, 108
Wilkins, Theodore (son of JB), 86
Wilkins, Timothy A., 8, 11, 105, 154
Wilkins, Washington Porter, 43–44
Wilkins, William (brother of JB), 42, 46, 52
Wilkins, William (son of JB), 84
Wilkins, Rev. William H., 42, 45–47
Willard Elementary School, 31
Williams, Daniel Hale, 30
Williams, Fannie Barrier, 61
Williams, Robert Chadwell, 88
Wills, Louis, 66
Wilson, Woodrow, 110
Works Progress Administration (WPA), 131
Wright, Dr. James C. (Chris), 75, 76, 89, 99–102, 157
WWI. See First World War