Test What You Already Know

    1. Questions 1–3 refer to the chart below.

    2. Top Ten Countries 2010 2000 1990
      Mexico 11,711,103 9,177,487 4,298,014
      China 2,166,526 1,518,652 921,070
      India 1,780,322 1,022,552 450,406
      Philippines 1,777,588 1,369,070 912,674
      Vietnam 1,240,542 988,174 543,262
      El Salvador 1,214,049 817,336 465,433
      Cuba 1,104,679 872,716 736,971
      South Korea 1,100,422 864,125 568,397
      Dominican Republic 879,187 687,677 347,858
      Guatemala 830,824 480,665 225,739
      All of Latin America 21,224,087 16,086,974 8,407,837
      All Immigrants 39,955,854 31,107,889 19,767,316

      Place of Birth for the Foreign-Born Populations in the United States, United States Census Bureau

    3. Which outcome most directly resulted from the demographic information in the chart?

      1. Shifting of political power to southern and western states
      2. Greater consensus on the direction of American foreign policy
      3. Growth in the power of organized labor in the Northeast
      4. Decline in the number of clashes between conservatives and liberals

    4. Which of the following events from United States history most clearly parallels the situation illustrated in the chart?

      1. Growth of a cotton economy in the antebellum period
      2. Rise of an industrial culture in the Gilded Age
      3. Great Migration of the post–World War I period
      4. Suburbanization of the post–World War II period

    5. The trends expressed in the chart most directly reflect which of the following continuities in United States history?

      1. Debates about the spread of American ideals abroad
      2. Debates about the relationships among the three branches of the United States government
      3. Debates about gender equality
      4. Debates about national identity

    1. Questions 4–7 refer to the excerpt below.

    2. “Mr. Speaker, our Contract With America states the following:

      • On the first day of Congress, a Republican House will require Congress to live under the same laws as everyone else; cut committee staffs by one-third; and cut the congressional budget. We kept our promise.
      • It continues that in the first 100 days, we will vote on the following items: A balanced budget amendment—we kept our word; unfunded mandates legislation—which will be signed in the Rose Garden by the President today; line-item veto—we kept our promise; a new crime package to stop violent criminals—we kept our promise again; national security restoration to protect our freedoms, which we passed; Government regulatory reform—we kept our promise; commonsense legal reform to end frivolous lawsuits—we kept our promise; welfare reform to encourage work, not dependence—we are working on this today and tomorrow; family reinforcement to crack down on deadbeat dads and protect our children; tax cuts for middle-income families; Senior Citizens' Equity Act to allow our seniors to work without Government penalty; and congressional term limits to make Congress a citizen legislature.
      • Mr. Speaker, this is our Contract With America.”

      Address by Rep. John Boehner to the House of Representatives, March 22, 1995

    3. Which of the following groups would be most likely to support the passage’s perspective?

      1. Union leaders from the Sunbelt states
      2. Supporters of 1980s Reagan federalism
      3. Proponents of 1960s federal programs
      4. Internet social media users

    4. The Contract with America expressed concerns that most closely resemble the goals associated with which of the following historical periods in the United States?

      1. The era of Manifest Destiny
      2. The American Civil War
      3. The Progressive Era
      4. Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society

    5. The beliefs expressed in the Republican Contract with America most directly led to political conflicts from the 1990s to the present over

      1. immigration policy
      2. globalization and loss of American jobs
      3. size and scope of social safety net programs
      4. dependence upon fossil fuels

    6. The reasoning expressed in the Republican Contract with America most directly reflects which of the following continuities in the history of the United States?

      1. Debates about the cost of involvement in foreign wars
      2. Debates about the changing relationship between state and local governments
      3. Debates about separation of powers
      4. Debates about the values that guide the political system

    1. Questions 8–10 refer to the excerpt below.

    2. “Tuesday, September 11, 2001, dawned temperate and nearly cloudless in the eastern United States. Millions of men and women readied themselves for work. Some made their way to the Twin Towers, the signature structures of the World Trade Center complex in New York City. Others went to Arlington, Virginia, to the Pentagon. Across the Potomac River, the United States Congress was back in session. At the other end of Pennsylvania Avenue, people began to line up for a White House tour.
      . . .
      The details of what happened on the morning of September 11 are complex, but they play out a simple theme. NORAD [North American Aerospace Defense Command] and the FAA [Federal Aviation Administration] were unprepared for the type of attacks launched against the United States on September 11, 2001. They struggled, under difficult circumstances, to improvise a homeland defense against an unprecedented challenge they had never before encountered and had never trained to meet.”

      9/11 Report, National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, 2004

    3. Which of the following twentieth-century events most closely parallels the September 11 attacks and their aftermath?

      1. The Banana Wars
      2. Woodrow Wilson’s call for the defense of democracy in 1917
      3. The shift to all-volunteer armed services in 1973
      4. Opposition to the war in Vietnam in the 1960s and 1970s

    4. The events of September 11 most directly led to

      1. sustained economic growth
      2. increasing Cold War tensions
      3. strengthening of World War II–era international coalitions
      4. a growth in executive power

    5. The events of September 11 most directly relate to which of the following continuities in United States history?

      1. Debates about the impact of airline deregulation
      2. Debates about economic globalization
      3. Debates about domestic security and civil rights
      4. Debates about federalism and states’ rights

  4. Part B: Key Terms

    The following is a list of the major people, places, and events for 1980–Present. You will likely see many of these on the AP U.S. History exam.

    For each key term ask yourself the following questions:

    • Can I describe this key term?
    • Can I discuss this key term in the context of other events?
    • Could I correctly answer a multiple-choice question about this key term?
    • Could I correctly answer a free-response question about this key term?

    Check off the key terms if you can answer “yes” to at least three of these questions.

    The Reagan Administration

    1. Ronald Reagan
    2. Reagan Revolution
    3. Iran-Contra scandal

    The End of the Cold War

    1. Strategic Defense Initiative (Star Wars)
    2. Glasnost
    3. Perestroika
    4. George H. W. Bush

    The Clinton and George W. Bush Administrations

    1. Bill Clinton
    2. Contract with America
    3. Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996
    4. George W. Bush
    5. No Child Left Behind Act

    Domestic and International Terrorism

    1. Oklahoma City Bombing
    2. Al-Qaeda
    3. Department of Homeland Security
    4. Weapons of mass destruction

    The Obama Administration

    1. Barack Obama
    2. Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)

    Ongoing Demographic Shifts

    1. Immigration and Control Act
    2. California Proposition 187
    3. Sun Belt
    4. Rust Belt
    5. Affirmative action

    Technological Advances

    1. Internet
    2. World Wide Web

    Globalization and the United States

    1. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
    2. International Monetary Fund
    3. 2008 Financial Crisis
    4. Great Recession

    Next Steps

    Step 1: Tally your correct answers from Part A and review the quiz explanations at the end of this chapter.

    1. A
    2. B
    3. D
    4. B
    5. C
    6. C
    7. D
    8. B
    9. D
    10. C

    ____ out of 10 questions 

    Step 2: Count the number of key terms you checked off in Part B.

    ____ out of 29 key terms

    Step 3: Read the Key Takeaways in this chapter.

    Step 4: Consult the table below and follow the instructions based on your performance.

    If You Got... Do This
    80% or more of the Test What You Already Know assessment correct (8 or more questions from Part A and 23 or more key terms from Part B)
    • Read definitions in this chapter for all the key terms you didn’t check off.
    • Complete the Test What You Learned assessment in this chapter.
    50% or less of the Test What You Already Know assessment correct (5 or fewer questions from Part A and 15 or fewer key terms from Part B)
    • Read the comprehensive review for this period in Chapter 20.
      • If you are short on time, read only the High-Yield sections.
    • Read through all of the key term definitions in this chapter.
    • Complete the Test What You Learned assessment in this chapter.
    Any other result
    • Read the High-Yield sections in the comprehensive review of this period in Chapter 20.
    • Read definitions in this chapter for all the key terms you didn’t check off.
    • Complete the Test What You Learned assessment in this chapter.