Notes

Chapter 1

1 MEPO Docket No. 244.
2 Quoted in Marriner, Brian, A Century of Sex Killers, London, True Crime Library, 1992, p. 100.
3 Slaughterman – the East End was full of them.
4 A typical Victorian euphemism for menstruating.
5 Quoted in J W Robertson Scott, The Life and Death of a Newspaper, London, 1952, p. 40.
6 The older City Force patrolled the one square mile of the medieval City of London. The Metropolitan police, formed in 1829 by Robert Peel, then Home Secretary, was responsible for the much larger sprawl of expanding London.
7 Most Ripper experts today claim that locals were very willing to co-operate with the police. My contention is that 90% of Whitechapel’s residents were recently arrived Eastern European Jews, with vivid memories of pogroms carried out on them by men in uniform paid by the government. I am not so sure that this group would be as helpful as all that.
8 And the Victorian Press were not unique in this. In the Daily Mail of 3 November 1952, a headline article on the shooting of PC Sidney Miles which would develop into the Craig and Bentley case contained twenty-five major errors.
9 R Anderson, The Lighter Side of My Official Life, London, 1910.
10 An anonymous booklet with a similar title – Hvem Ar Jack Uppskararen? was published in Sweden as early as 1889.
11 Eddlestone, John T, Jack the Ripper, An encyclopaedia, London, Metro, 2002, p. 237.
12 Quoted in Begg, Fido and Skinner, The Jack the Ripper A-Z, London, Headline, 1991.
13 Kraus also played the better-known hero in The Cabinet of Dr Caligari.
14 Sugden, Philip, The Complete History of Jack the Ripper, London, Robinson, 1994.
15 Quoted in Meikle, p. 137.

Chapter 2

1 The Crimes of Jack the Ripper, London, Capella Arcturus, 2007.
2 Washington Post, quoted in David Canter, Mapping Murder, London, Virgin, 2007.
3 Laurence Alison and Marie Eyre, Killer in the Shadows, London, Pennant Books, 2009,, p. 40.
4 David Canter, Mapping Murder, London, Virgin, 2007.
5 Laurence Alison and Marie Eyre, Killer in the Shadows, London, Pennant Books, 2009, p. 227.
6 Matters, p. 86.
7 East London Observer, July 1888.
8 R Holden, A Facet Theory Approach to Homicide Crime Scene Analysis, 1994 – unpublished M Phil dissertation, University of Surrey.
9 Canter, p. 291.
10 Canter, p. 179.

Chapter 3

1 As we have noted elsewhere, the police were not popular in the East End long before the Autumn of Terror. Arrests of locals often led to street fights and full scale riots.

Chapter 4

1 ed. Rosemary Herbert, The Oxford Companion to Crime and Mystery Writing.
2 Philip Sugden, The Complete History of Jack the Ripper, London, Robinson, 1995.
3 London, Metro, 2002.

Chapter 5

1 An Account of Several Workhouses, 1732.
2 Oakum was hemp fibre plucked by hand from rope and used to seal wooden-hulled ships and boats. Similar work was carried out in prisons and the oakum cut inmates’ hands to pieces.
3 Some £8 million a year.
4 And was ‘the fortress’, home to the Kray brothers in the 1960s.
5 Jack London, The People of the Abyss, London, Thomas Nelson & Sons, 1903, p. 114–5.
6 John Law (Margaret Harkness), Captain Lobe, London, 1889.
7 Harold Schechter and David Everitt, The A to Z Encyclopaedia of Serial Killers, New York, Pocket Books (Simon and Schuster), 1996, p. 284.
8 Quoted in Tony Williams with Humphrey Price, Uncle Jack, London, Orion, 2005.
9 Joel Norris, Serial Killers: The Growing Menace, London, Arrow Books, 1990, p. 44.

Chapter 6

1 Joel Norris, Serial Killers: The Growing Menace, London, Arrow Books, 1990, p. 45.
2 Joel Norris, Serial Killers: The Growing Menace, London, Arrow Books, 1990, p. 55.
3 Joel Norris, Serial Killers: The Growing Menace, London, Arrow Books, 1990, p. 55.
4 The Stratton brothers, for armed robbery.
5 In researching for my recent book on crime during World War Two (War Crimes, Pen and Sword Books, 2008) I came across several examples of soldiers who covered for each other, lying about times and places as well as exchanging uniforms.

Chapter 7

1 Laurence Alison and Marie Eyre, Killer in the Shadows, London, Pennant Books, 2009, p. 92.
2 Quoted in Philip Sugden, The Complete History of Jack the Ripper, London, Robinson, 1994.
3 The Daily Telegraph, Tuesday 18 September 1888, p. 2.

Chapter 8

1 Inquest on September 24 1888, p. 3.
2 Joel Norris, Serial Killers: The Growing Menace, London, Arrow Books, 1990, p. 57–8.
3 Since the cause of his death was cirrhosis of the liver, we can assume that the drinking was a family thing!
4 Inquest on Thursday 20 September 1888.

Chapter 9

1 Spellings vary.
2 Although doctors carrying out her post mortem could find no deformity such as this.
3 According to other witnesses, the rain started about midnight.

Chapter 10

1 We only have the deputy’s word for this conversation and it sounds a little too dramatic. At this stage, there was no reward available.

Chapter 11

1 Quoted in Michael Howell and Peter Ford, The True History of the Elephant Man, London, Penguin, 1980, p. 11.
2 Patricia Marne, The Criminal Hand, London, Sphere Books, 1991, p. 46–48.
3 Alison and Eyre, p. 149.
4 Melville Macnaghten, 1894.
5 Quoted in Alison and Eyre, p. 1.
6 This had been the notorious Ratcliffe Highway, the ‘most dangerous street in London’ and appalling mass murders had happened here in 1811.

Chapter 12

1 Some accounts say daughter.
2 Norris, Joel, Serial Killers: the Growing Menace, Arrow, London, 1990, p. 57.
3 Confusingly referred to as Pavilion Yard in some newspapers, as Eagle Place stood behind the Pavilion Theatre.

Chapter 13

1 Havelock Ellis, The Criminal, London, 1890.
2 Krafft-Ebing, Psychopathia Sexualis – this edition Creation Books, London, 2006.
3 John E Douglas, The Cases That Haunt Us, New York, Simon and Schuster, 2000, p. 32.
4 Alison and Eyre, p. 76.
5 John E Douglas, The Cases That Haunt Us, New York, Simon and Schuster, 2000, p. 64.
6 Alison and Eyre, p. 81.
7 Michael Howell and Peter Ford, The True History of the Elephant Man, London, Penguin, 1980, p. 40.
8 Alison and Eyre, p. 82.
9 Interestingly, Aaron Davis Cohen was admitted to the Whitechapel Workhouse Infirmary in December 1888, where he was examined by the medical superintendent, Dr Larder, and found to be violent and difficult to manage.
10 David Canter, p. 29.
11 Arthur G Morrison, The Palace Journal, London, April 1889.
12 David Canter, p. 79.
13 A photograph of the school with tennis courts in the foreground, taken about 1960, shows an external toilet block on the site of the former mortuary. Was it refurbished from the original building?