Timeline of Ancient Greek Philosopher-scientists

Thales of Miletus (fl. 585 BC)
Anaximander of Miletus (fl. 555 BC)
Anaximenes of Miletus (fl. 525 BC)	First philosopher-scientists.
Pythagoras of Samos (fl. 525 BC)	Geometry, relationship between maths and physics.
Xenophanes of Colophon (fl. 520)	Critical theologian-philosopher.
Heraclitus of Ephesus (fl. 500 BC)	Philosopher-scientist.
Parmenides of Elea (fl. 480 BC) Zeno of Elea (fl. 445 BC)	Eleatic philosophers, interested in the question of change.
Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (c. 500–428 BC) Empedocles of Acragas (492–432 BC)	Philosopher-scientists; worked on theory of matter and cosmology.
Leucippus of Miletus (fl. 435 BC)
Democritus of Abdera (fl. 410 BC)	The first atomists.
Archytas of Tarentum (fl. 385)	Follower of Pythagoras.
Hippocrates of Cos (c. 460–370 BC)	Founder of rational medicine.
Euctemon and Meton (Athens, fl. 430 BC)	Astronomers, discovered inequality of seasons.
Socrates (469–399 BC)
Plato (427–348 BC)
Aristotle (384–322 BC)	Great Athenian philosophers.
Theophrastus (371–386 BC)	Follower of Aristotle, worked on life sciences.
Eudoxus of Cnidus (fl. 365) Callippus of Cyzicus (fl. 330)	Astronomers, improved models of the heavens.
Euclid (fl. 300 BC)	Founder of Euclidean geometry.
Epicurus of Athens (c. 342–271 BC)	Atomist philosopher.
Zeno of Citium (335–263 BC)
Cleanthes of Assus (331–232 BC)
Chrysippus of Soli (c. 280–207 BC)	Founders of Stoicism.
Erasistratus of Chios (fl. 260 BC)
Herophilus of Chalcedon (fl. 270 BC)	Important work in anatomy and physiology.
Archimedes of Syracuse (287–212 BC)	Mathematics, physics and ‘Eureka’!
Eratosthenes of Cyrene (c. 276–195 BC)	Estimation of size of the earth.
Apollonius of Perga (262–190 BC)
Hipparchus of Nichaea (fl. 135 BC)	Improvements in astronomy.
Hero (or Heron) of Alexandria (fl. 60 AD)	Technology, first crude steam engine.
Ptolemy of Alexandria (c. 100–170 AD)	Greatest astronomer of antiquity.
Galen of Pergamum (c. 129–200 AD)	Greatest anatomist and doctor of antiquity.