All page numbers in the index refer to the print edition.
Abrams, Elliott, 512, 527, 528, 531, 536
Abt, John, 366
Adams, Allen, 175
Addams, Jane, 172, 241, 278, 323
Adler, Victor, 177
AFL-CIO, 444, 467, 469, 476–77, 481–82, 487, 514, 516, 518, 519, 521, 522, 532–33, 534, 535, 537, 539, 545, 548, 560, 566–67
Alexander, Robert, 435
Allen, Devere, 301, 311, 332, 347, 348, 379, 380, 413, 466, 596
Alterman, Eric, 584–85
Altgeld, John, 19, 36, 38, 41, 42, 44, 46
Altman, Jack, 357, 370, 379, 382, 383–84, 400, 410, 463
Amalgamated Clothing Workers, 187, 254, 263, 265, 283, 325, 332, 365, 366, 371, 373, 461, 546
America First Committee, 404, 407–9, 411, 412–17, 514
American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 323, 423
American Commonwealth Federation, 344, 359
American Council for Judaism, 253, 439, 463, 470
American Enterprise Institute, 479, 528
American Federation of Labor (AFL), 12–17, 19, 28, 29, 32, 33–34, 36, 37, 44, 49, 51, 60, 64–68, 69, 73, 80, 81, 82, 84, 88, 94, 99, 100, 102, 107, 109–10, 113–14, 116, 123, 126–27, 130, 142–44, 148, 150, 155–56, 167, 194, 203, 214, 219, 222, 224, 234–35, 249, 261, 262, 264, 265–66, 268, 270, 271, 282–83, 293, 300, 306–7, 322, 330, 337, 364–65, 392, 394, 404, 418, 421, 428, 435, 444, 445, 467
American Federation of Teachers (AFT), 274, 283, 303, 322, 330, 332, 362–63, 516, 522, 526, 539, 572
American Forum for Socialist Education (AFSE), 472–73, 474
American Guardian, 331, 341, 398, 420, 421
American Jewish Committee, 470–71
American Labor Party, 372–74, 383–84, 395, 402–3, 425, 430, 438, 579
American Labor Union, 69, 73, 79. See also Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)
American Legion, 219, 248, 249, 250, 257, 405
American Mercury, 251, 422, 437
The American Prospect, 594, 599
American Railway Union (ARU), 31, 33, 34–36, 37, 44, 47, 48, 63, 68, 94, 104, 144, 284, 443
Americans for Democratic Action (ADA), 312, 385, 432–34, 437, 440, 447, 455, 457, 471, 477, 480, 488–89, 495, 498–99, 546, 563
American Student Union, 368–69, 385–86
American Workers Party, 339–41, 355, 369
Ameringer, Oscar, 93–97, 101, 123, 132, 141, 149, 151, 153, 154, 156, 171, 195–96, 214, 215, 258–59, 297, 315, 317, 318, 330–31, 341, 398–400, 413, 420–21, 449, 596
Amlie, Thomas, 332, 344, 359, 360, 370, 391
Amter, Israel, 419–20
Anderson, Juls J., 175
Andrews, Reddin, 142
Anti-Defamation League, 507, 536
Anti-Imperialist League, 55–56
Appeal to Reason, 47, 70, 71, 83, 88, 89, 92–93, 103, 134, 141, 146, 168–69, 173, 186, 210, 308
Auerbach, Bob, 454, 477, 583–84
Avery, Chuck, 570
Avery, Martha Moore, 125
Baker, Harlan, 556
Baldwin, James, 528
Baldwin, Roger, 323
Barewald, Charles, 243
Barnes, Harry Elmer, 300, 323–24, 404, 407, 413, 420, 422, 428, 462, 474, 596
Barnes, J. Mahlon, 49, 81, 107–8, 124–25, 138–39, 169, 223–24
Bass, Charlotta, 419
Batt, Dennis, 231
Bazelon, David, 511
Beard, Charles, 5, 30, 71, 83, 151, 168, 300, 323, 422, 436, 474, 554, 590
Bell, Daniel, 94, 106, 126, 143, 144–45, 190, 191, 255, 342, 382, 431–32, 441, 457–59, 519, 527–28, 582
Bellamy, Edward, 29, 39, 47, 49, 56, 59, 353
Ben-Gurion, David, 287
Benson, Allan L., 168–70, 172–73, 174, 185
Ben-Zvi, Isaac, 212
Berchtold, Leopold, 177
Berger, Elmer, 470
Berger, Meta (Schlichtling), 54, 118, 318, 372, 400
Berger, Victor, 20, 39–42, 47, 48, 53–54, 57–60, 63, 66, 70–71, 78, 79–80, 81, 86, 87, 90, 93, 114–15, 116, 117–18, 120–21, 124, 130–31, 132, 133, 136–37, 141, 148, 149, 155, 156, 158, 162, 171, 185, 186, 187–88, 194–95, 198, 203–4, 214, 216, 217, 220, 233–34, 243, 254, 258, 270, 277, 280, 298, 302, 303–4, 318, 330, 372, 400, 421, 446, 448
Berkeley, Roy, 526–27
Berle, Adolf, 390
Berman, Paul, 597–98
Bernstein, Eduard, 70–71
Bernstein, Julius, 499, 502, 513, 546
Beveridge, Albert, 172
Bevin, Ernest, 434
Biemiller, Andrew, 333, 347–48, 359, 371–72, 410, 428, 441, 444, 466
Bigelow, Herbert, 254
Bilbo, Theodore, 125–26
Bingham, Alfred, 360, 374, 386, 408
Black Panther Party, 497, 502, 552, 578
Bland, Richard, 41
Blanshard, Paul, 311, 318, 325
Blase, Al, 122–23
Bliven, Bruce, 323
Bolshevik Party, 163, 202, 205, 207, 208, 217, 218, 234, 239, 380
Borah, William, 89, 223, 255, 344
Boudin, Louis, 101, 148, 153, 177, 178–79, 183, 185, 231, 505
Bouricious, Terry, 578
Bower, Andrew, 307
Boyce, Ed, 68–69
Brandeis, Louis, 112, 129–30, 137, 274
Brandt, Willy, 559–60
Branstetter, Otto, 94, 101, 153, 230, 241, 249, 254, 275
Brewery Workers Union, 65, 79, 94, 142–43, 302, 365
Briggs, William, 467, 500, 505, 573
Brisbane, Arthur, 86
Brookins, A. B., 358
Brookwood Labor College, 283, 300, 301, 306–7, 317, 323, 333, 340, 369, 438
Brophy, John, 366
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, 284–85, 396, 419, 424, 431, 440, 548
Browder, Earl, 259–60, 310, 366–67, 374–75, 377–78, 388–89, 438, 585
Brown, Irving, 340, 388, 434, 522
Brown, Walter F., 585–86
Brueckmann, William, 175
Bryan, William Jennings, 41–42, 43, 44, 45–46, 55–56, 57, 65, 67, 74, 75, 106–7, 108–9, 172, 179, 275, 328, 518
Buckley, William F., 473, 488, 512, 533
Buech, Bob, 243
Bukharin, Nikolai, 164, 177–78, 181, 226, 264, 303, 380
Burdick, Usher, 330
Burkitt, Frank, 43
Burleson, Albert, 188–89, 194–95
Burnham, James, 339, 422, 460, 471, 473, 479, 511, 520, 590
Burnquist, Joseph, 192
Burns, Ken, 594–95
Burns, Ric, 594–95
Bush, George W., 472, 534, 538, 539–40, 542, 584, 585, 598
Cahan, Abraham, 22, 23, 49, 264, 286–88, 307, 313, 314–15, 319, 325–26, 335, 346, 350, 351, 355, 372, 394, 400
Cannon, James P., 226, 259–60, 292, 303, 355, 369, 379–80, 473, 510
Carey, James F., 50, 54, 102, 103, 350
Carpenter, C. T., 358
Carpenters Union, 4, 13, 18, 44, 65, 113, 271, 567
Chambers, Barzillai, 11–12
Charles Kerr Company, 45, 104, 506
Chase, John, 50
Chicago Tribune, 40, 86, 107, 128, 228, 408, 414
Christensen, Parley P., 235, 241–42, 243, 244, 260, 328
Christian Socialist Fellowship, 60, 91, 121
Cigar Makers Union, 4, 13, 49, 143
Citizens Party, 576–80
Claessens, August, 151–52, 175, 202, 236, 257, 277–78, 280, 285, 291, 293, 299, 363, 372, 397, 434, 461, 467
Clark, Bennett, 404
Clark, Ramsey, 579
Clement, Travers, 400, 414, 417, 472
Cleveland, Grover, 21, 26, 28, 29, 32, 33, 36, 38, 40
Clifford, Tom, 149
Clinton, Bill, 538–39, 561, 563, 566, 599
Cloakmakers Union, 22, 78, 101, 152–53
Coalition for a Democratic Majority (CDM), 519, 520–21, 527, 528, 531, 535, 538, 568
Cobb, David, 585
Coldwell, Joseph, 229
Comintern, 231, 234, 238–39, 259, 260, 270, 272, 310, 356, 359, 394, 509. See also Third International
Commentary, 324, 456, 483, 491, 494, 512, 514, 520, 524, 528, 530, 536, 541–42, 594
Commission on Industrial Relations, 155–56, 189
Committee of 48, 235, 237, 240, 241, 267, 305
Committee on Public Information, 186, 194, 222
Commoner, Barry, 559, 576–77, 579
Commonwealth College, 283, 391
Communist Party USA, 60, 81, 110, 112, 143, 150, 153, 162–63, 178, 182, 202, 203, 218, 230–31, 259–64, 266–71, 272, 278, 279, 280, 289, 291–92, 293–94, 296–97, 300, 303, 309–10, 312–13, 314, 324, 327, 328, 329, 331–32, 333, 337, 338–41, 350, 356, 359–61, 362–63, 364–67, 368–69, 370, 371, 373–74, 376–78, 379, 382, 384–85, 386–90, 391–94, 395, 396–97, 400, 403, 404, 413, 415, 417, 419–20, 421, 422, 425, 428, 432–33, 437–38, 439, 447–48, 460, 461–62, 472–73, 474, 491, 495, 522, 546–47, 551–55, 558, 561, 564, 574, 575, 578, 579, 581, 590, 591–92, 595
Conference for Progressive Labor Action (CPLA), 283, 301, 303, 317
Conference for Progressive Political Action (CPPA), 253–55, 257, 260–62, 266–68, 269, 271, 272–79, 281–82, 283
Congress for Cultural Freedom, 461, 496
Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), 81, 283, 326, 335, 365–66, 369, 373, 374, 377, 378, 383, 386–89, 391, 393–94, 397, 403–4, 419, 425, 428, 429, 448, 467, 522, 545, 553, 567
Continental Congress (1933), 329–33, 359
Coolidge, Albert Sprague, 320, 349, 358
Coolidge, Calvin, 274, 276, 279
Cooper Union, 4, 13, 17, 19, 38–39, 44, 75, 111, 123–24, 131, 151, 181, 265
Coughlin, Charles, 360–62, 375
Crosswaith, Frank, 252, 283, 307, 327, 338–39, 410, 428
Cumbie, Tad, 133, 141, 153, 190
Curry, Mabel, 206
Daily Worker, 270, 276, 300, 338, 437, 441
Dallinger, Frederick, 220
Daniel, Franz, 349
Darrow, Clarence, 42, 44, 46, 75, 83, 89, 127
Davies, Joseph, 203–4
Davis, Angela, 578
Dawes, Charles, 278
Debs, Eugene V., 48, 50, 52, 59, 63, 68–69, 75, 78, 84, 97–98, 109, 110, 115–16, 121, 127, 131, 135, 148, 163, 165, 167, 169, 175, 181, 187, 205, 212, 216, 217, 227, 235, 247–48, 256–57, 264, 272, 280, 293, 303, 305, 318, 321, 327, 328, 349, 351, 357, 376, 382, 403, 421, 443, 444, 448, 457, 463, 467, 478, 504, 517, 518, 540, 544, 564, 565, 583, 584, 586, 589, 591; 1900 campaign of, 54–57; 1904 campaign of, 73–74, 76–77; 1908 campaign of, 102–8; 1912 campaign of, 134, 138–41; 1918 Canton speech of, 206–8; 1920 campaign of, 237–39, 241–44; conversion to socialism, 39–40, 47; death and legacy, 290–92; early life of, 31–32; final years of, 265, 281–82, 285; First World War prosecution and conviction of, 208–10, 220; imprisonment, 221–22, 239, 241–42; involvements after 1912, 154, 173–74; IWW and, 79–81, 88–90, 92, 100, 133–34, 147; leading Pullman strike, 35–37; Populists and, 37–47; release from prison, 248–50; on Russian Revolution, 207, 219, 239, 275; trade union career of, 32–34
Debs, Theodore, 36, 138, 206, 250, 334, 398, 421
Debs Caucus, 505–7, 508, 513, 515, 517, 519, 571
Decter, Midge, 519, 521, 528, 533
De Leon, Daniel, 20–21, 29, 34, 44, 48–49, 50, 52, 53, 59, 61, 69, 80–81, 90, 100, 101, 174
Dellinger, David, 417, 465, 501
Dellums, C. L., 284
Democratic Agenda, 547–49, 562
Democratic Leadership Council, 535, 538–39, 563
Democratic Socialist Federation (DSF), 469, 512–13, 515, 524
Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee (DSOC), 545–50, 554, 556–60, 562, 563, 565, 566–67, 568, 570, 574, 575, 576, 584, 593, 594, 595. See also Democratic Socialists of America (DSA)
Democratic Socialists of America (DSA), 560–68, 574, 593, 594. See also Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee (DSOC)
Dempster, Millen, 327, 353, 354
Denitch, Bogdan, 464, 472, 513, 545
Dennis, Lawrence, 422–23, 427, 474, 554, 590
Dewey, John, 304, 315, 323, 380, 386, 404, 431
Dewey, Thomas, 429, 435, 441, 442–43
De Witt, Samuel, 236
Dickstein, Samuel, 258
Dinsmoor, Jim, 454
Dodge, Mabel, 147
Donnelly, Ignatius, 28, 41, 43
Douglas, Paul, 301, 316, 323, 344, 374, 410, 444, 499
Douglas, William O., 440
Draper, Hal, 384, 477, 481, 483, 501, 573
Draper, Theodore, 158, 178, 259, 261, 263, 477, 553–54, 566
Drob, Judah, 342–43, 357, 368–69, 385, 405, 421, 558
Dubinsky, David, 294, 303, 330, 338, 355, 363, 365, 373, 383, 388, 389, 394, 430, 432, 463, 526
DuBois, W. E. B., 113, 151, 200, 201, 252, 301, 323, 360
Duncan, Lewis, 122, 133, 142, 152
Dunne, Finley Peter, 86
Eastman, Max, 147, 148, 187, 380
Eby, Alvah C., 122
Ehrenreich, Barbara, 561, 563, 566
Elkin, Betty, 500
Engels, Friedrich, 34, 70, 410
Ettor, Joseph, 146
Evans, Edwin, 269
Farmer, James, 396, 413, 419, 465, 476, 485, 490, 548
Farmer-Labor Party (1920s), 240–44, 254–56, 258, 261–64, 265–67, 269, 272, 310, 345, 564
Farmer-Labor Political Federation, 359, 361, 370, 374–75, 389
Farmers Alliance, 23, 25–26, 27–28, 43
Farrell, James T., 380, 410, 441–42, 461, 519, 527
Feigenbaum, William, 166, 175, 202, 288, 290, 317, 362–63
Feldman, Paul, 497–98, 509, 517–18, 521, 522, 529
Fellowship of Reconciliation, 248, 283, 386, 466
Field, James, 28
Finnish Federation, 120, 150, 152, 218, 372, 397, 468
Fischer, Ben, 392
Fitzpatrick, John, 234, 261, 262–64, 271
Flacks, Richard, 481–82
Fleischman, Harry, 303, 309, 342, 416, 417, 428, 431, 434, 440, 441, 443, 453, 471, 483, 490, 503, 546
Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley, 110
Flynn, John T., 343, 368, 375, 386, 396, 408–9, 412, 414, 416, 422, 423, 427–28, 430, 437, 447, 462, 463, 473, 554
Foley, Tom, 521
Folk, Joseph, 86
The Forward. See Jewish Daily Forward
Fosdick, Harry Emerson, 323, 396
Foster, William Z., 219, 240, 259, 261, 263–64, 270, 272, 275, 279, 292, 310, 323, 324, 328, 374, 388, 394, 438, 564–65
Fourth International, 381–82
Fraina, Louis, 163, 164, 177, 181, 183, 216, 218–19, 225, 226–27, 259
Frankensteen, Richard, 389, 392
Frazier, Lynn, 162, 193, 241, 255, 309
Freedheim, H. H., 330
Freedom House, 525–26
Freese, Arnold, 354
Freese, Irving, 436
Friedman, Samuel, 351, 353, 370, 459–60, 468, 526–27, 536, 570
Friends of Negro Freedom, 252, 274
Frinke, John, 78
Gaitskell, Hugh, 469
Garland, Charles, 264–65
Garner, Elmer, 421–22
Garson, Barbara, 581
Garvey, Marcus, 251–53
Gausmann, Bill, 433–34
Gaylord, Winfield, 120, 133, 141, 185–86
Geltman, Emanuel, 439
George, Henry, 19–20, 21, 26, 29, 49
Gerber, Julius, 228, 239, 298, 314, 352, 367
Germer, Adolph, 148–49, 170, 174, 204, 206, 224, 227–29, 230, 330, 359, 366, 397
Gershman, Carl, 507–8, 512, 521, 523, 528, 531, 534–35, 543, 557
Ghent, William J., 91, 131, 185, 398
Gillen, Albert, 57
Giovanitti, Arturo, 146
Gitlow, Benjamin, 202, 218, 226, 228, 272, 279, 303, 356, 381
Glaser, James, 467, 469, 512, 513
Glazer, Nathan, 527–28
Goebel, George, 117, 149, 228, 350
Goldberg, Louis, 461, 467, 469
Goldfogle, Henry, 90, 141, 160, 211, 243
Goldman, Albert, 370
Goldstein, David, 125
Gompers, Samuel, 13–14, 17–18, 19, 21, 29, 32, 33–34, 36–37, 51–52, 56, 65, 66–68, 69, 73, 107, 108, 116, 125, 130, 132, 142, 143, 150, 155–56, 160, 167, 194, 216, 222, 249, 264, 266, 268, 269, 271, 282, 313, 526, 536–37, 566
Gordon, Robert, 175
Gorman, Patrick, 392, 431, 461, 478
Gotbaum, Victor, 545
Graham, James, 100, 283, 298, 320, 349, 368, 404, 421, 431
Green, William, 254, 255, 262, 283, 300, 365, 467
Greenback-Labor Party, 4, 10–12, 15, 20, 26, 28, 29, 43, 586
Greenback Party. See Greenback-Labor Party
Greenbaum, Leon, 58, 65, 66, 68, 69
Green Corn Rebellion, 189–91, 210
Green Party, 578–79, 582, 583–86
Gregory, Dick, 502
Gresham, Walter Q., 28
Gronlund, Lawrence, 47
Hagel, John, 258
Hall, Covington, 101
Hall, Gus, 578
Hanford, Ben, 73–74, 91, 103, 108, 134
Hanna, Mark, 45, 51, 61, 67, 128
Hapgood, Powers, 320, 333, 348, 349, 366
Hardie, Keir, 40, 59, 113, 114, 148–49, 157
Harding, Warren, 240, 242, 243, 248–49, 250–51, 274
Hardman, J. B. S., 212, 283, 332, 463
Harriman, Job, 49, 53, 54, 57, 66, 91, 113, 126–28, 133, 210, 283
Harrington, Michael, 464–65, 472, 475–76, 477, 481–83, 487, 489, 492, 493–94, 497, 499, 501–3, 505, 506, 508–9, 512–14, 515–18, 521–22, 529, 544–47, 549–50, 554–65, 568, 570, 574, 575, 584, 593, 597
Hart, William Osborne, 478, 580
Hartmann, George, 404, 413, 420
Harvey, William “Coin,” 328, 330
Hauser, Otto, 354
Hauser, Steve, 586
Hayden, Tom, 476, 481–83, 492, 493, 499, 501
Hayes, Max, 49, 53, 65, 73, 81, 102, 142, 143, 234–35, 240–41, 397, 421
Haynes, John, 524
Haywood, Bill, 69, 79, 80, 82, 88–89, 90, 99, 103, 106, 127, 128, 131, 132–33, 139, 143, 144, 146–49, 155, 205, 247
Healey, Dorothy, 552–53
Healey, Richard, 552, 561, 562
Hearst, William Randolph, 74, 77, 84–85, 86, 87, 90, 95, 106, 107, 108–9, 135, 160, 172, 272, 374, 581
Heath, Frederic, 81, 118, 138, 350, 371–72, 391, 421
Held, Adolph, 463
Henderson, Donald, 391
Henry, William, 275, 293, 298, 302
Henson, Francis, 388
Herberg, Will, 402, 456, 461, 474
Herling, Jack, 357–58
Herron, George, 59, 71, 91, 99, 158–59
Hickey, Tom, 97, 101, 133, 155, 175, 188–89
Hill, Norman, 484, 487, 509, 526
Hillman, Sidney, 254, 255, 263, 304, 313, 336–37, 355, 365–66, 371, 372–73, 387, 389, 394, 403, 425, 435
Hillquit, Morris, 49, 50, 52–53, 54, 57, 58, 60, 63, 79–80, 91–92, 96, 101, 102, 109, 110, 114–15, 117, 119–20, 121, 122, 124, 127, 131, 133, 137, 138–39, 151, 153, 167, 168, 171, 175, 179, 183, 184–85, 203, 211, 213, 214, 216, 219, 233, 241, 243, 279, 290, 294, 296–98, 310, 316–20, 329, 336, 355, 359, 448, 513, 518, 584, 600; 1906 congressional campaign of, 90–91; 1914 debate with Gompers, 155–56; 1917 mayoral campaign of, 196–98, 199, 201, 235; 1932 mayoral campaign of, 324–28; on Communist split, 225, 229–30, 238–39; CPPA and, 253–55, 257, 262, 266–68, 273, 274, 281–82; death and legacy, 333–35; early life of, 21–22; early socialist organizing of, 22–23; “millionaire socialists” and, 85–87; opposition to First World War, 157–59, 165–66, 176, 181, 186–87, 192–94, 237–38; Socialist International and, 99–100, 257; views on Zionism, 212, 288
Hoan, Daniel, 173, 254, 302, 317–19, 320, 329, 334, 336, 347, 349, 372, 390, 391, 400
Hochman, Julius, 375
Hoffman, Isidor, 396, 404, 441, 506
Hofses, Raymond, 327, 354, 359, 364, 456
Hofstadter, Richard, 457
Holdridge, Herbert, 431, 433–34, 443
Holmes, John Haynes, 301, 304, 338, 382, 396, 428, 441
Hook, Sidney, 312, 313, 324, 339, 340–41, 369, 404, 435, 460, 461, 471, 479, 520, 525, 526, 533, 543, 597
Hoopes, Darlington, 307, 320, 349, 363–64, 368, 394, 397, 424, 454, 459, 460–61, 468, 477, 500, 573
Hoover, Herbert, 241, 301, 315, 322, 323, 326, 377, 411
Hopkins, J. A. H., 172, 197, 214, 235, 267, 305, 407
Horowitz, Rachelle, 465, 481–82, 484, 487, 509–10, 522, 532
Hourwich, Isaac, 49, 152–53, 218
Hourwich, Nicholas, 218, 225, 226–27
Howard, Milford, 41, 42, 43, 46, 106, 135
Howe, Irving, 384, 443–44, 465, 475, 492, 493, 505, 513, 516, 545, 546, 547, 555, 557, 561, 597
Hughan, Jessie Wallace, 370, 382
Hughes, Charles Evans, 90, 171–72, 173, 174, 192, 236–37
Humphrey, Hubert, 441, 444, 490, 500–502, 503, 505, 507, 514–16, 519, 520–21, 543, 548
Hunter, Robert, 75, 83, 85–86, 92, 99, 105, 114–15, 117, 185
Hutcheson, William, 271, 282, 365
Independent Socialist League (ISL), 464–66, 471–72, 475, 477, 494, 526
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), 61, 69, 79–83, 88–90, 92, 99–100, 101, 102, 110, 112, 115, 122, 130–31, 133–34, 139, 142–44, 145, 146–48, 150, 152, 153, 155, 188, 205, 216, 220, 226, 230, 235, 247, 257, 308, 320, 350, 355, 378, 397, 454, 506, 574, 583, 596
Intercollegiate Socialist Society (ISS), 83–84, 122, 151, 186, 251. See also League for Industrial Democracy (LID)
International Ladies Garment Workers Union (ILGWU), 110–12, 152–53, 187, 265, 293–94, 303, 306, 325, 335, 355, 356, 365, 370, 375, 392, 394, 401, 402, 415, 442, 463, 513, 519, 539
International Socialist Review (ISR), 45, 59, 62, 69, 71, 80, 100, 114, 115, 118, 124, 138–39, 153, 158, 163, 164, 178, 183, 185, 200, 233, 247, 292, 506
In These Times, 547, 548–49, 560–61
Irons, Martin, 50
Isserman, Maurice, 487, 509, 549, 564, 568
Italian Socialist Federation, 130, 265
Jackson, Henry “Scoop,” 514, 519, 520–21, 522, 523–24, 527, 547, 586, 593
Jackson, Jesse, 562–63, 579, 582
The Jeffersonian, 190–91
Jewish Daily Forward, 49, 81, 160, 202, 286–89, 291, 306–7, 314, 317, 319, 325–26, 337, 346, 348, 350, 351, 354, 355, 358, 363, 394–95, 397, 401, 419, 434, 442, 467, 469, 470, 513, 515, 540, 541
Jewish Labor Bund, 434, 441, 460, 468, 470, 480, 575
Jewish Labor Committee, 463, 471, 483–84
Jewish Peace Fellowship, 404, 471, 506, 571, 577
Jewish Socialist Bund, 62–63, 111, 212, 213, 356
Jewish Socialist Verband, 264, 469
Johnpoll, Bernard, 300, 310, 314, 317, 349, 427, 463
Johnson, Hiram, 135, 161–62, 172, 223
Johnson, Lyndon, 486–90, 495, 498–99, 514, 524
Johnson, Sonia, 580
Johnston, William, 142, 253, 254–55, 262, 269, 273, 282
Jones, Mary Harris “Mother,” 79, 93, 97, 124
Jones, Samuel “Golden Rule,” 55–56
Kahn, Alexander, 264, 288, 346, 469
Kahn, Tom, 465, 471, 481–82, 484, 487, 492, 494, 496, 501, 502, 505, 509–10, 521, 522, 532–33, 534, 537–38, 541, 560
Kampelman, Max, 519, 521, 528, 529, 531, 536, 543
Kantorovich, Haim, 356
Karatnycky, Adrian, 526
Karsner, David, 265
Katterfeld, Ludwig, 162–63, 170, 225, 228, 272
Kautsky, Karl, 70, 238, 346, 557, 600
Keep America Out of War Congress (KAOWC), 386, 396, 402–4, 408–9, 410, 413–16, 419, 421, 428
Kellems, Vivien, 455
Kelly, Petra, 578
Kemble, Penn, 483–84, 489, 502, 504, 507, 508, 518–19, 521, 522, 527, 534, 535–36, 539, 540–41, 543
Kennedy, Edward M., 549–50, 554, 558–59, 560, 564, 565
Kennedy, John C., 235, 264, 266
Kennedy, Robert F., 499, 550, 564
Kenoyer, Willa, 580–81
Kent, Herman, 327
Keracher, John, 231
Keyserling, Leon, 494, 499, 519
King, Martin Luther, 292, 465, 484, 489–90, 497, 503, 531
Kipnis, Ira, 60–61, 114, 142–44, 335, 446, 596
Kirkland, Lane, 521, 522–23, 529, 535, 539, 543, 566
Kirkpatrick, George, 169–70, 174, 292–93, 348, 395
Kirkpatrick, Jeane, 519, 521, 528, 529, 530–31, 535, 543
Kirkpatrick, Marshall, 359
Knights of Labor, 10–11, 12, 15–16, 25, 32, 48, 121
Kollontai, Alexandra, 164, 173, 177, 181
Kristol, Irving, 418, 520, 527, 533, 588–89, 592
Krueger, Maynard, 311, 349, 359, 390, 401, 404, 405, 413, 431, 453, 461
Kruse, William, 204
Krzycki, Leo, 214, 280, 320, 336–37, 348, 352, 371–72, 400
Kubby, Karen, 580
Ku Klux Klan, 219, 252, 258, 261, 268, 277–78, 280, 301, 421, 448
Kyle, James, 28
Labadie, Joseph, 17
Labor Action, 380, 418, 471–72
Labor Party (1919), 231, 234–35, 240, 243, 271, 274, 445
Labor’s Non-Partisan League, 372–73, 374, 377, 383–84
Labour Party (United Kingdom), 40, 59, 113, 222, 253, 260, 262, 276, 304, 316, 430, 434, 469, 560
Lafargue, Paul, 34
LaFollette, Philip, 269, 282, 332, 371, 389–91, 393
LaFollette, Robert Jr., 273–74, 332, 344, 386, 393
LaFollette, Robert Sr., 86, 119, 128–30, 131, 133–34, 136–37, 150, 204, 223, 240–41, 255, 260–61, 268–71, 272, 273–79, 282, 301, 315, 332, 360, 377, 457
LaGuardia, Fiorello, 277, 280, 286, 304–5, 332, 335, 338, 359, 368, 384, 390, 415
Laidler, Harry, 251, 311, 315, 327, 359, 380, 396, 466, 493
Landis, Kennesaw Mountain, 204–5, 250
Lanfersiek, Walter, 149, 158, 165, 170
Langston, Luther, 123, 141, 214, 258, 315, 330
Lantala, Erik, 152
Lasch, Christopher, 81, 474, 496, 597
Latimer, Thomas, 142, 175, 345
Laurell, Karl Ferdinand, 13–14
League for Independent Political Action (LIPA), 301, 303, 315–16, 331–33, 344, 359
League for Industrial Democracy (LID), 251, 309, 311, 358, 395, 466, 483, 491–93, 494, 513, 527, 543. See also Intercollegiate Socialist Society (ISS); Student League for Industrial Democracy (SLID)
Lee, Algernon, 59, 71, 85, 91, 138, 175, 183, 185, 202, 216, 236, 285, 348, 350, 360–61, 370, 371, 397–98, 434
Leffler, Elwood, 122
Lefkowitz, Abraham, 274, 283, 332, 340, 410
Legien, Carl, 132–33
Lehman, Herbert, 325–26
Lenin, V. I., 9, 27, 30, 70, 163–64, 178, 216–17, 239, 248, 260, 262, 271, 272, 278, 289, 310, 312, 381, 383, 398, 416, 422, 545, 577, 599
Lens, Sidney, 579
Lerner, Michael, 551–52
Lester, John T., 125–26
Le Sueur, Arthur, 154, 162, 169, 170, 187
Lettish Federation, 120, 163, 226
Lewis, Ann, 563
Lewis, John L., 271, 282–83, 330, 364–66, 372, 375, 387, 388–89, 393, 394, 403–4, 429, 567
Lewis, Lena Morrow, 117, 350, 398
Libertarian Socialist League, 454–55, 459, 466, 468, 477, 584
Liberty Union Party, 573, 575, 578, 585
Lincoln, Abraham, 6, 9, 38–39, 73, 97, 242
Lindbergh, Charles Jr., 293, 412–13, 414–15
Lindbergh, Charles Sr., 150–51, 162, 211, 214, 256, 293, 320–21, 498
Lippmann, Walter, 122, 148, 161, 167, 183
Lipset, Seymour Martin, 109, 445, 461, 519, 533, 590
Lipsig, James, 409
Little, Melvin, 586–87
Lloyd, Henry Demarest, 40–42, 44–45, 47–49, 66, 107
Lloyd, Lola Maverick, 167–68, 404
Lloyd, William Bross, 107, 168, 225, 226, 231
Lochner, Louis, 186–87, 218, 226
London, Jack, 83–84
London, Meyer, 110–12, 119, 124, 138, 141, 153, 156, 159–61, 164–65, 167, 171, 175, 182, 205, 211, 212–14, 223, 243, 250, 253, 258, 289–90, 304, 330, 343, 448, 478, 598
Long, Huey, 258, 292, 316, 344–45, 360–62
Lore, Ludwig, 114, 164, 169, 170, 177–79, 272, 380, 591
Lovestone, Jay, 219, 230, 259, 303, 310, 340, 355–56, 369, 372, 388, 392–94, 395, 396, 401, 402, 435, 438, 456, 461, 522, 537, 590
Lovestoneites. See Lovestone, Jay
Lundeen, Ernest, 332, 344, 359, 361, 375, 393–94, 498
Lunn, George R., 122, 141, 156, 161
Macdonald, Dwight, 386, 410, 418, 425, 430, 432, 440, 441, 447, 449, 461, 502, 577
MacDonald, Marie, 243
MacDonald, Ramsay, 157, 222, 238, 304
Machinists Union, 16, 34, 79, 142–43, 169, 173, 224, 228, 230, 253, 265, 266, 546, 548, 567
Magnes, Judah, 186–87, 193, 253, 470, 571
Maguire, Matthew, 44–45
Mahoney, William, 265–66, 269–71, 272, 345, 379
Maley, Anna, 142
Malone, Dudley Field, 197, 235, 241
March on Washington Movement, 418–19, 484
Marcy, Mary, 247
Marshall, Thomas, 188
Martin, Anne, 214
Martin, Homer, 369, 386, 388–89, 390, 392–93, 394, 438
Martin, James J., 554–55
Marx, Karl, 3, 4, 14, 22, 39, 70, 113, 123, 233, 239, 251, 294, 346, 410, 521
Matchett, Charles, 29, 44–45, 49
Matthews, J. B., 340
Matthews, William, 121
Maurer, James, 121, 142, 149, 159, 165–66, 169–70, 174–75, 187, 188, 194, 203, 224, 235, 254, 283, 294–98, 302, 317, 318, 322, 324, 326, 330, 340, 351, 364, 395–96, 397, 421
McBride, John, 33
McCarthy, Eugene, 498–99, 500, 508, 574–75, 576, 581, 586
McCarthy, Joe, 457, 461, 463, 474, 499, 503
McCormick, Robert, 128, 129, 135, 408, 422
McDonald, Duncan, 187, 235, 272, 359
McDonnell, J. P., 4
McGovern, George, 514–18, 520, 521, 531, 535, 544, 550
McGuire, Peter, 4, 6, 12, 13, 14, 18, 29, 44
McKinley, William, 45, 51, 57, 61, 67, 94
McLaurin, Benjamin, 440
McLevy, Jasper, 320, 337, 349, 372, 394, 423, 436, 455, 468–69
McReynolds, David, 465, 467–68, 471, 472, 492, 500, 505, 508, 513, 517, 537, 573, 574, 577–78, 581, 583, 587
Meany, George, 467, 487, 490, 498, 513, 516, 522, 523, 526, 544, 545–46
Mehrens, Peter, 315
Meir, Golda, 212
The Messenger, 201–2, 221, 242, 251–52, 284, 475
Meyerson, Harold, 594
Michigan Commonwealth Federation, 431, 443
Milgram, Morris, 342, 368, 387, 412
Mills, C. Wright, 441, 467, 474
Mills, Walter Thomas, 59, 71, 93, 97, 100, 162, 272, 354
Milwaukee Leader, 132, 194–95, 270, 302, 371, 383, 398, 400. See also Social Democratic Herald
Mineworkers Union, 65, 67–68, 142–43, 148, 155, 187, 254, 271, 330, 364, 365
Minnesota Farmer-Labor Party, 142, 262, 266, 269, 293, 308, 322, 344, 345, 359, 360, 375, 379, 389, 393, 425
Mitchell, Andrew, 121
Mitchell, H. L., 341, 391, 410, 431, 506, 550, 573, 575
Mitchison, Naomi, 357
Mitterand, Francois, 559–60, 578
Moore, Brian, 587
Morgan, Thomas J., 34, 40, 53, 56, 124
Morrison, Frank, 68
Mortimer, Wyndham, 369, 388, 389, 392
Moynihan, Daniel Patrick, 487, 524, 525, 527, 531
Munger, Bill, 506, 513, 517, 570, 572, 575
Municipal Ownership League, 84–85, 87
Munson, Rube, 188
Muravchik, Emanuel, 416, 471, 512, 536, 593
Muravchik, Joshua, 483–84, 507, 514, 521, 527, 528, 535, 538, 541–42
Murray, William “Alfalfa Bill,” 95, 154, 315–16
Muste, A. J., 283, 306–7, 317, 318, 333, 339–40, 369, 382, 386, 396, 404, 413, 462, 465, 472–73
Myers, Gustavus, 114, 170, 185, 186
Nader, Ralph, 582, 583–86, 587
The Nation, 55, 175, 199, 248, 251, 301, 305, 323, 381, 386, 396, 399, 517, 568, 584–85
National Civic Federation, 67–68, 167, 307
National Educational Committee for a New Party (NECNP), 431–34, 437, 443, 457–58
National Endowment for Democracy, 534–35, 542
National Review, 435, 473, 512, 521, 533
National Rip-Saw, 93, 97, 154, 168, 268, 292
National Student Association, 480, 484, 495
Nearing, Scott, 168, 187, 211, 214, 218, 226, 277
Nelson, Louis, 356, 375, 386, 396, 415, 441, 461, 463
New America, 476, 497, 506, 510–11, 513, 516, 521, 529
New American Movement (NAM), 550–52, 554, 556–58, 560, 562, 569, 570, 574, 575, 584, 595
The New Leader, 265, 289, 296, 299, 304, 307, 313, 314, 317, 319, 336, 339, 348, 351, 355, 357, 358, 360–61, 366, 395, 431, 459
The New Republic, 161, 167, 323, 343, 415, 497, 536
New York Call, 91, 114, 118, 166, 175, 185, 196–97, 225, 249–50, 265, 357
New York Leader. See The New Leader
New York Liberal Party, 430–31, 434, 443, 467, 477
New York Review of Books, 502, 553–54, 566, 598
New York Times, 38, 86, 90, 196, 225, 250, 289, 319, 346, 349, 381, 439, 495, 503, 535, 536, 538
New York Volkszeitung, 49, 52, 114, 146–47, 164, 170
Niebuhr, Reinhold, 301, 311, 357, 368, 375, 385, 409, 425–27, 456–57, 495
Non-Partisan League (NPL), 162, 187, 193, 211, 234, 240, 254, 255, 257, 258, 271, 308, 330, 353, 375, 431, 432
Norton, Seymour, 42–43
Novgorodsky, Emanuel, 441
Nuorteva, Santeri, 217–18
Nye, Gerald, 255, 332, 359, 361, 370, 386, 404, 408, 409, 413
Obama, Barack, 534, 561, 563, 565, 568, 587, 596
Oglesby, Carl, 493
O’Hare, Kate Richards, 93, 97–99, 154, 169, 170, 175, 182–83, 203, 206, 227, 237, 250, 268, 283, 354, 421, 449
O’Leary, Jeremiah, 243
Olson, Floyd, 308, 344, 359, 360, 370, 375, 379, 524
Oneal, James, 59, 163, 188, 227, 239, 254, 283, 314, 315, 317, 349, 350, 352–53, 355, 368, 371, 372, 395, 397–98, 412, 434, 467, 468–69
Ovington, Mary White, 112
Page, Kirby, 323
Palmer, A. Mitchell, 201, 222, 225, 236, 247
Palmer Raids. See Palmer, A. Mitchell
Panken, Jacob, 187, 202–3, 229, 251, 253, 287, 307, 356–57, 411, 430, 435, 463, 469
Pannekoek, Anton, 164
Pape, Thomas, 121
Parsons, Albert, 4, 12, 15, 19
Patterson, Joseph Medill, 86, 107, 128, 129, 403, 408, 422, 458
Peace and Freedom Party, 498, 501, 517, 569, 578, 580, 587. See also People’s Party
People’s College, 93, 97, 154, 203
People’s Council for Democracy and Peace, 186–88, 192–94, 218
People’s Party, 569–70, 572, 573–74, 575, 578, 582
Peretz, Don, 471
Perkins, George, 135
Perle, Richard, 514, 523, 528, 531
Pettigrew, Richard, 263
Pinchot, Amos, 129, 135, 172, 187, 197, 235, 240–41, 323, 407
Pinchot, Gifford, 129, 135, 432
Podhoretz, Norman, 512, 519, 520, 523, 524, 528, 529, 531, 532–33, 536, 537, 539
Pogany, Joseph. See Pepper, John
Polakowski, Walter, 327
Polikoff, Max, 524
Polk, Leonidas, 28
Populism. See Populist Party
Populist Party, 26, 27, 28–30, 33, 38–43, 45–47, 48, 49, 55, 57–60, 61, 63, 65, 72, 74–76, 78, 88, 93, 95–96, 97, 101, 106, 108, 118, 121, 135, 153, 191, 316, 341, 344, 353, 444–45, 457
Porter, Paul, 345, 355, 370, 379, 383, 400, 410, 434, 524
Postwar World Council, 415, 428–29, 462
Powell, Adam Clayton, 396
Pressman, Lee, 366
The Progressive, 360, 420–21, 431, 442, 443, 447, 474, 577, 596
Progressive Citizens of America. See Progressive Party (1948)
Progressive Party (1912), 135, 137, 139, 141, 150, 160, 161, 171–72, 187, 194, 197, 235, 400
Progressive Party (1924). See Conference for Progressive Political Action (CPPA)
Progressive Party (1948), 432, 437–38, 441, 460
Prohibition Party, 26, 46, 56, 57, 77, 141, 194, 460, 465, 584
Proletarian Party, 231, 264, 388, 454, 506
Puddington, Arch, 525–26
Radosh, Ron, 474–75, 546–47, 550, 553, 554, 561
Railroad Brotherhoods, 6–7, 16, 31, 32–33, 35, 36–37, 254–55, 258, 262, 263, 265, 268, 275–76, 314
Raimondo, Justin, 540–42
Randolph, A. Philip, 198, 200–202, 221, 242, 251–52, 274, 278, 284–85, 330, 375, 396, 404, 410, 414, 418–19, 424, 431, 436, 440, 441–42, 443, 449, 459, 461, 475, 484, 487, 488–89, 494–95, 511, 526, 529–30
Rand School of Social Science, 5, 91–92, 97, 99, 101, 131, 151, 158, 169, 219, 239–40, 293, 306, 395, 412, 434, 435, 467, 478
Rankin, Jeanette, 214, 404, 413
Rebel, 97, 98, 101, 133, 155, 188–89
Record, George L., 129, 135, 172, 240
Reed, John, 147, 171, 208, 218, 225, 226, 228, 231, 259, 356
Regnery, Henry, 474
Reimer, Arthur, 174
Reinstein, Boris, 216
Reuther, Valentine, 222
Reuther, Victor, 222, 369, 389, 403, 428, 431, 545, 546, 548
Reuther, Walter, 222, 369, 375, 388–89, 392–93, 394, 429, 432, 443, 466, 467, 499, 502, 545
Richardson, Darcy, 119, 161, 586
Rieve, Emil, 322, 329, 332, 340, 373, 387, 397
Rhodes, George, 444
Roche, John, 495, 499, 519, 521, 525
Rockford Labor Legion, 234
Rodgers, Ward, 357–58
Rodriguez, William, 235
Roe, Gilbert, 237
Roman, Richard, 482
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 385, 432, 525
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 172, 231, 301, 306, 316, 321, 323, 325–26, 328, 329, 332, 335, 336–37, 346, 352, 353, 358, 360–61, 362, 366, 370–77, 384, 385, 399, 402–5, 407, 411, 413, 414, 418, 422, 423, 425, 432, 436, 448, 458, 510, 596
Roosevelt, Theodore, 20, 30, 51, 67, 74, 75, 77, 78, 83, 86, 89, 106, 108, 128–29, 134–40, 142, 150, 171–72, 197, 198
Rose, Sumner, 125–26
Rosenhaft, Ann, 505
Rosenwald, Nina, 535
Rothbard, Murray, 561
Rozins, Fricis, 217
Rubin, Jerry, 552
Rubin, Morris, 431
Russell, Charles Edward, 112, 134, 140, 156, 167, 185, 186, 197, 398
Russian Federation, 164, 181, 218, 225, 226
Rustin, Bayard, 465, 475–76, 477, 484–85, 487–90, 491, 492, 494, 496–97, 501, 507, 509, 512, 516, 522, 523, 525, 527, 530, 533, 536–37, 574
Ruthenberg, Charles, 124, 149, 150, 162, 175, 183, 219, 225, 226, 228, 230, 232, 257, 259, 270, 303
Ryskind, Morrie, 323, 396, 413, 430, 441, 447
Sageng, Ole, 109
Salutsky, Jacob. See Hardman, J. B. S.
Salvatore, Nick, 39–40, 46, 134, 144, 292, 591–92
Sandburg, Carl, 132, 216, 398–99
Sanders, Bernie, 573, 575, 578–79
Sanial, Lucien, 140
Scanlan, Martin, 214
Scates, Louis, 50
Schaeffer, Louis, 306–7
Schilling, George, 10
Schilling, Harry, 124
Schlesinger, Arthur, 440, 456–57
Schlesinger, Benjamin, 187, 293, 303
Schlossberg, Joseph, 78, 187, 365, 368, 373, 396, 397, 441, 466, 469
Schmidt, Ernest, 10
Schmitz, Eugene, 65
Schumacher, Kurt, 435
Schuyler, George, 251, 419, 428, 441, 447
Seidel, Emil, 118, 119, 131, 134, 156
Selden, David, 516
Senior, Clarence, 302–3, 332, 337, 345, 358, 361, 362, 396, 428, 435, 461
Shachtman, Max, 276, 303, 379, 381, 417–18, 422, 429, 464–65, 471–72, 477, 478, 479–81, 485, 487, 493, 518, 521–22, 525, 532, 534, 538, 539–40, 541, 587, 593
Shadid, Michael, 349, 354, 355, 359
Shanker, Al, 440, 487, 499, 502, 511, 516, 522, 525, 533, 539
Shannon, David, 59, 83, 105, 118, 150, 157–58, 191, 224, 228, 308, 314, 327, 328, 467, 584
Shaplen, Joseph, 319, 346, 349, 394
Shearn, Clarence, 84–85
Shiplacoff, Abraham, 159, 202, 211, 214, 327
Shipstead, Henrik, 256, 266, 269, 393–94, 408, 430
Shriver, Sargent, 514
Siegel, Lee, 597–98
Siitonen, Harry, 468, 472, 506, 508–9, 569, 571–72, 574, 583
Simons, Algie M., 45, 59, 69, 71, 90, 99, 100, 103, 114–15, 158, 171, 185–86
Sinclair, Upton, 83, 185, 186, 311, 353–54, 355, 360, 395, 584
Slaiman, Don, 481–82, 483, 487, 539
Slobodin, Henry, 53, 91, 101, 153, 185, 274
Smith, Al, 141, 268, 276, 301–2
Smith, Tucker, 340, 388, 433, 438, 453, 463
Snow, William, 275
Snyder, George, 294
Social Democracy of America. See Social Democratic Party (1890s)
Social Democratic Federation (SDF), 372–74, 376, 384, 390, 394–96, 397–98, 412, 431, 434, 461, 466–67, 468–69, 470
Social Democratic Herald, 20, 40, 70, 71, 89, 118, 132. See also Milwaukee Leader
Social Democratic League, 101, 185–86, 194, 205, 206, 214, 222, 276, 398, 448, 591
Social Democratic Party (1890s), 48, 53–55, 56, 57, 58, 66, 110, 152, 353
Social Democratic Party (Germany), 4, 9, 12, 14, 68, 94, 101, 106, 132–33, 157–59, 179–80, 185, 206, 217, 435, 458
Social Democrats USA (SDUSA), 519, 521–43, 544, 545, 559, 566, 570, 581, 593, 594, 597
Socialist Call, 357, 364, 380, 382, 384, 392, 395, 414–15, 429, 437–38, 466, 467, 476
Socialist International, 98–100, 156–57, 179–80, 238, 257, 287, 291, 298, 317, 351, 356–57, 468, 469, 541, 545, 559–60, 571
Socialist Labor Party (SLP), 9–12, 15, 20–21, 22, 23, 29, 30, 34, 40, 44–50, 52–53, 54, 57, 59, 61, 69, 74, 78–81, 83, 89, 99–100, 101, 110, 118, 121, 124, 130, 140, 163, 174, 216, 279, 460, 477, 501, 575
Socialist Party of America (SP), 5, 17, 37, 38, 41, 47, 70, 74, 75, 76–78, 84, 85–87, 88, 91–92, 93, 95, 99, 100–102, 107–8, 111, 112, 126–28, 129–31, 139–42, 146, 151–55, 159–64, 176, 177–82, 199–201, 210–11, 219–21, 235–37, 251, 258, 260, 261, 264–65, 287, 288, 290–91, 301, 304–5, 306–7, 325, 330, 334–35, 336–38, 342, 363, 374, 375–78, 379, 398, 420, 421, 426, 435, 464–65, 474–75, 479–80, 486, 495, 496, 497–98, 504, 524, 526–27, 539, 543, 558, 569, 574, 576, 578, 579, 581, 584–85, 600–601; 1900 unity negotiations to form, 53–57; 1904 convention of, 72–73, 79; 1909 “labor party” debate in, 113–16, 148; 1910 national congress of, 119–20; 1911 municipal victories of, 121–24; 1912 convention of, 132–34; 1916 campaign of, 169–71, 172–75; 1917 emergency convention of, 182–84; 1917 municipal victories of, 198, 202–3; 1920 election and, 237–44; 1924 election and, 269, 271, 274–80; 1930s Farmer-Labor movement and, 314–16, 320–21, 331–33, 343–47, 358–62; 1930s “Militant” faction of, 310–15, 316–19, 320, 326, 331, 339–41, 345, 347–50, 356–57, 361–62, 364, 366–70, 381–84, 385, 389, 392, 401, 409–10, 411, 428, 433, 447, 493, 504, 591; 1932 campaign of, 319–29; 1932 convention of, 318–19; 1934 Declaration of Principles, 347–53, 371; 1936 convention of, 371–72; 1937 special convention of, 380; 1938 convention of, 389–90; 1944 convention of, 423–25; 1948 campaign of, 436–44; 1950 convention of, 454, 455–56; 1952 campaign of, 459–61; 1968 election and, 499–502; America First Committee and, 408–9, 412, 415; analysis of failure to become a major party, 444–46; CIO and, 365–66, 369, 383, 386–87, 391, 397; civil rights movement and, 475–76, 484–85, 489–90; Communist split from, 216–19, 224–34; CPPA and, 253–55, 257, 268, 275; early race attitudes of, 61–64; final splitting of, 505–19; founding convention of, 58–59, 61–62, 64, 96; historic platform of, 71–72, 103, 136–37, 160–61, 168, 321, 402, 446; historical memory of, 60–61, 142–45, 231–33, 328, 444–49, 456–59, 554–56, 582–83, 590–97; language federations of, 120, 150, 213, 218, 226, 230, 232, 249; late 1920s rebuilding of, 282–86, 292–98, 302–3; membership figures of, 142, 231–32, 364; merger with ISL, 471–72; National Executive Committee (NEC) of, 66, 69, 91, 108, 114, 117, 118, 125, 132, 139, 142, 143, 147, 149, 150, 155, 157, 162, 165, 169, 173, 182, 202, 223, 225–26, 227, 230, 249, 258, 298, 320, 332–33, 349, 354–55, 358, 367, 368, 382, 393, 403, 410, 416, 417, 433, 436, 453, 455, 545; NECNP and, 431, 433–34; opposition to American entry into First World War, 166–69, 182–98, 203–8; opposition to American entry into Second World War, 385–86, 396–97, 400–406, 408–16; peace plan presented to Wilson, 165–66; positions after Pearl Harbor, 417; reaction to outbreak of First World War, 157–59; reaction to Russian Revolution, 202; “realignment” policy of, 476–78; relations with SDF, 394–96, 397, 434; response to Great Depression, 308–9, 321; response to New Deal, 329, 389–90; reunification with SDF, 468–70; SDS and, 481–83, 491–93; state of in 1950s, 466–68; trade union policy of, 64–69, 73, 79–81, 90, 100, 133–34, 142–43; in UAW, 388–89, 392–93, 403; Vietnam War and, 491–94, 508–9
Socialist Party USA (SPUSA), 569–83, 585–87, 593
Socialist Propaganda League, 163, 178, 216, 217
Socialist Trades and Labor Alliance (STLA), 48–49, 53, 79, 81, 100
Socialist Tribune, 506, 513, 570, 572, 576
Socialist Workers Party (SWP), 384, 417–18, 472–73, 511, 517, 575
Solidarnosc, 532–33, 534, 537–38, 541
Solomon, Charles, 236, 335, 347–48, 352, 354
Solomon, Usher, 161
Southern Mercury, 42, 55, 76, 95
Southern Tenant Farmers Union (STFU), 341–42, 357–58, 391–92
Spargo, John, 59, 86, 92, 104, 115, 117, 133, 139–40, 157, 171, 183, 185–86, 194, 214, 222, 249–50, 276–77
Spencer, Herbert, 17–18
Spinrad, Alex, 546, 556, 557, 562
Spock, Benjamin, 497, 517, 574
Stallard, H. H., 159, 175, 210
Stedman, Seymour, 56, 141, 175, 195, 208, 221, 229, 237, 239, 244, 373
Steffens, Lincoln, 108, 312, 323, 324, 584
Steinem, Gloria, 548, 563, 564
Steinmetz, Charles, 122
Steinsapir, Seymour, 505
Stern, Andy, 567
Steunenberg, Frank, 88
Stokes, James Graham Phelps, 75, 83, 84–86, 90, 92, 114–15, 148, 185, 194, 276
Stokes, Rose Pastor, 85, 148, 167, 203
Stolze, Henry Jr., 121
Stone, I. F., 485
Stone, Oliver, 595–96
Strasser, Adolph, 4, 12, 13, 14
Stryker, George, 473
Student League for Industrial Democracy (SLID), 302–3, 311, 318, 330, 368, 385, 476, 482. See also Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 476, 487–88, 490, 491, 499
Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), 476, 477–78, 481–83, 488–89, 491–93, 497, 499, 502, 505, 511, 546, 550, 552, 553, 568, 576
Studies on the Left, 474–75, 478, 492, 496, 546, 550, 552, 556, 561
Stump, J. Henry, 278, 294, 363, 423
Suall, Irwin, 460, 471–72, 479–80, 481, 489, 494, 500, 507, 515, 524, 534, 536, 597
Suitor, Fred, 330
Swanberg, W. A., 285, 301, 322, 348, 349, 362, 490, 526
Swope, Gerard, 387–88
Symes, Lillian, 379–80, 400, 404, 413, 418, 429
Taft, William Howard, 106–7, 108, 128–29, 134–35, 140–41, 200
Third International, 164, 181, 216–17, 218, 231, 233, 339–40. See also Comintern
Thomas, Norman, 251, 278, 283, 291, 294, 303, 309, 311, 314, 316–17, 332, 334, 336, 337, 356, 367, 370, 374, 379–80, 382, 384, 386–87, 388, 395, 402, 403, 417, 419–20, 422–23, 430, 431, 447, 448, 460, 466, 468–71, 472, 473, 474, 477, 481, 483, 484–85, 489, 506, 508, 511, 516, 526, 536, 543, 544, 564, 565, 570, 584, 596; 1928 campaign of, 297–99, 301–2; 1932 campaign of, 318–29; 1934 Declaration of Principles and, 347–49, 351–53; 1936 campaign of, 371, 375–78; 1940 campaign of, 400–401, 404–5; 1944 campaign of, 424–29; 1948 campaign of, 436–43; Cold War and, 455, 461–64, 495–96; death and legacy, 502–5; early life of, 198–99; early SP involvement of, 199–200; final years of, 490, 492–93, 495–96; Warren Harding and, 248; Long/Coughlin movements and, 361–62; New York campaigns for office of, 275–76, 285–86, 304–5, 307, 352, 353; opposition to entering Second World War, 385–86, 396, 407–10, 412–16, 462; views on Soviet Union, 296, 383, 410; and SP after 1948, 453–54, 456, 459; STFU and, 341–42, 357–58
Thomas, Violet (Stewart), 199, 322, 395, 436
Thompson, Carl, 59, 102–3, 114, 170, 185
Thompson, Dorothy, 409, 441–42
Tibbles, Thomas Henry, 75
Tobey, Charles, 413
Tokoi, Oskari, 218
Totten, Ashley, 284, 396, 410, 419
Townley, Arthur, 162, 187, 330
Trager, Frank, 383, 392, 410, 435
Trotsky, Leon, 27, 177–82, 183, 216–17, 248, 264, 272, 278, 297, 303, 369, 380–82, 383, 398, 471, 479, 518–19, 520, 534, 538, 539, 541–42, 591, 593
Truman, Harry, 425, 432, 436, 440–43, 447, 514
Tucker, Benjamin, 17
Tucker, Irwin St. John, 204
Tucker, Robert, 506–7
Turner, Frederick Jackson, 30, 37, 590
Tyler, Gus, 370, 382, 392, 395, 400–401
Tyler, Walter, 121
Typographical Union, 4, 16, 17, 49, 73, 143, 365
Union for Democratic Action, 312, 385, 409–10, 417, 425–26, 428, 432, 433. See also Americans for Democratic Action (ADA)
Union for Democratic Socialism (UDS), 461, 463–64
Union Labor Party (1888), 26, 41
Union Labor Party (San Francisco), 65–66, 102, 113, 127, 162
United Auto Workers (UAW), 364, 369, 375, 387–89, 392–93, 394, 403, 419, 429, 431, 438, 443, 454, 476–77, 481, 487, 502, 513, 527, 545, 547, 567, 583
United Hebrew Trades, 22, 23, 49, 53, 54, 78, 106, 110, 152, 212, 224, 307
United Mineworkers of America. See Mineworkers Union
University Settlement, 84, 114, 129
Utley, Freda, 410, 422, 428, 447
Van Lear, Thomas, 169, 173, 192–93, 211, 254, 498
Van Ronk, Dave, 454
Viereck, George Sylvester, 12, 457
Villard, Oswald Garrison, 55, 113, 175, 248, 301, 312, 323, 332, 386, 387, 399, 408, 412, 420, 421, 428, 441, 447, 449, 554, 596
Vladeck, B. Charney, 202, 286–87, 307, 317–19, 327, 348, 352–53, 354, 372, 380, 383, 395, 439
Vogel, Virgil, 454, 477, 500, 506, 571–72, 574, 579, 583, 584
Voorhis, Jerry, 353
Wagenknecht, Alfred, 142, 225, 226, 228, 232, 359
Wald, Lillian, 112
Waldman, Louis, 123–24, 180–81, 202, 236, 265, 297–98, 318, 325, 337, 348, 349–50, 352, 356, 370, 371, 372–73, 383–84, 394, 395, 427–28, 435–36, 557
Wallace, Henry, 342, 358, 371, 425, 432, 437–38, 439, 440–41, 442, 443, 474, 518, 561, 579, 596
Walling, Anna Strunsky, 84, 112, 441, 463
Walling, William English, 84, 86, 92, 112, 114–16, 117, 146–47, 148, 157–58, 161, 183, 185–86, 194, 222, 283, 305, 463, 537
Warren, Fred, 134
Warren, Josiah, 17
War Resisters League, 370, 386, 465, 491, 492, 501, 537, 576
Watson, Thomas E., 27–28, 38, 40, 43, 45–46, 52, 63, 74–76, 77, 78, 82, 84, 85, 86, 95, 106, 108–9, 135, 171, 190–91, 242, 256–57, 458
Wattenberg, Ben, 514, 519, 521, 528, 543
Wayland, Julius, 45, 47, 49, 70, 71, 92–93, 146
Weaver, James, 11, 20, 28, 29, 32, 41, 43, 78
Weinstein, James, 143, 145, 166, 224–25, 231–33, 235, 243–44, 269, 270, 345, 445, 474–75, 478, 505, 507, 547, 556, 597
Weinstone, William, 219, 294, 388, 394
Weisbord, Albert, 280
Welch, Albert J., 109
Westenhaver, David, 210
Western Federation of Miners, 68–69, 79, 88, 90, 99, 122, 152, 218, 387
Wheeler, Burton, 122, 188, 255, 274, 276, 277–79, 309, 344, 403, 404, 408, 409, 411, 412–14
White, Bertha Hale, 254, 274–75, 280, 293
White, William Allen, 172, 400
Whitten, Richard Babb, 361
Williams, David, 480
Williams, Howard Y., 331, 344, 360, 370
Williams, John D., 178
Williams, William Appleman, 474–75
Wilshire, Gaylord, 57, 86, 89, 185
Wilson, J. Stitt, 121–22, 141, 149, 185, 327, 353
Wilson, Lilith, 307, 320, 349, 363–64, 394
Wilson, Woodrow, 108, 113, 116, 137–38, 140, 142, 145, 150, 154, 161, 165–66, 167, 170–71, 172, 173, 174, 186, 189, 192, 200, 203, 215, 220, 222–23, 224, 241, 242, 243, 247–48, 249, 250, 258, 262, 268, 328, 353, 425, 455, 458, 459
Winchevsky, Morris, 106
Winpisinger, William, 546, 548, 559, 561, 564, 566
Wisconsin Progressive Party, 332, 344, 359, 371, 372, 391, 394
Wise, Stephen, 191, 304, 323, 325–26
Wolchok, Samuel, 431
Wolfe, Bertram, 226, 303, 386, 395–96, 402, 410, 413, 419, 435, 441, 461
Woll, Matthew, 282, 283, 300, 306, 307
Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, 168, 386
Woodbey, George Washington, 59
Woodcock, Leonard, 403, 410, 545
Woodhull, Victoria, 13
Woodward, C. Vann, 24, 38, 74, 256
Working Class Union, 153, 155, 188–90
Workingmen’s Party of America, 4, 7–9. See also Socialist Labor Party (SLP)
Workmen’s Circle, 120, 212, 224, 264, 291, 363, 372, 513
The World Tomorrow, 248, 301, 311, 323, 357
Woywood, George, 500
Young, Andrew, 531
Young Americans for Freedom (YAF), 488–89
Young Communist League (YCL), 276, 342–43, 368–69, 465, 474, 482
Young Democratic Socialists (YDS), 568
Young People’s Socialist League (YPSL), 149, 204, 257, 280, 309, 342–43, 356–57, 358, 364, 368–69, 379, 384, 385, 387, 405, 454, 460, 464, 474, 477, 481, 482, 483–84, 489, 507–8, 511, 512, 514, 525, 527, 529, 534, 542, 545, 557, 558, 560, 563, 573, 596
Young Socialist League (YSL), 465, 471, 472
Youth Committee Against War, 385, 396
Youth Committee for Peace in the Middle East, 507, 523
Zahnd, John, 266–67
Zeidler, Frank, 400, 411, 428, 431, 436, 468, 472, 478, 500, 506, 517, 569–70, 572–73, 575, 581, 582, 586
Zimmerman, Charles, 294, 303, 356, 386, 402, 461, 512–13, 516
Zinn, Howard, 595