| About the Authors


Stephanie Sanok Kostro is a senior fellow in the CSIS International Security Program and served as acting director of the CSIS Homeland Security and Counterterrorism Program from January 2013 until August 2014. She currently focuses on a range of “seam” issues affecting defense, foreign affairs, and development. Prior to joining CSIS, Mrs. Kostro served with the State Department at the U.S. embassy in Baghdad, as a senior professional staff member on the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Armed Services from 2005 to 2008, and as a presidential management fellow and foreign affairs specialist at the Department of Defense from 1998 to 2005. Mrs. Kostro is the author of several CSIS reports, including Citizen-Soldiers in a Time of Transition: The Future of the U.S. Army National Guard (CSIS, May 2014), and she holds an MPP from Harvard University and a BS in communications from Cornell University.

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Garrett Riba is a consultant with the CSIS Homeland Security and Counterterrorism Program and an MA candidate in security policy studies at the George Washington University, concentrating in homeland security and transnational security policy. He has authored and coauthored publications on a variety of topics, including homeland security strategy, the future of the Army National Guard, and the resurgence of al Qaeda in Iraq. He received BAs in criminal justice and Spanish from the University of Georgia.