| Acknowledgments


This study and the resulting report would not have been possible without invaluable contributions from several individuals and groups. Special thanks go to the numerous subject matter experts who willingly provided enormous insight (through one-on-one, not-for-attribution interviews), in order to inform the study team and improve the report’s background, findings, and recommendations.

Several current and former members of the CSIS staff deserve credit for their valuable research, writing, and administrative contributions, which proved fundamental to the study. Thanks to Mr. Rob Wise, Ms. Ashley Nichols, and Ms. Abigail Temoshchuk for their flexibility and support.

The study team owes a special debt of gratitude to Ms. Lori Bertman, president and CEO of the Irene W. and C.B. Pennington Foundation, who served as an excellent sounding board for the study team and provided both helpful guidance and a thorough final review of this report.

Finally, the authors would like to thank the Irene W. and C.B. Pennington Foundation for its generous support of this study and report.

Although this report benefited greatly from many individuals’ expertise, the content is the sole responsibility of the authors and should not be construed to represent the individual opinion of any expert or group external to the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Any errors contained herein are the responsibility of the authors alone.