BIBLIOGRAPHY

The bibliography is divided into six categories: constitutions and legislative enactments; books; articles, monographs, and book chapters; reports; newspapers; and other sources, which includes web sites. Cases are cited in the notes and are not listed here.

Constitutions, Statutes, Acts, and Rules

Arkansas, Revised Statutes, c. 45, §§ 31–38 (1838).

Delaware Declaration of Rights, 1776.

England, 11 & 12 Vict., c. 42, para. XVIII (1848).

England, 7 Wm. IIIc.3 (1695).

England, Act for [the Regulating] the Privie Councell and for taking away the Court commonly called the Star Chamber, Statutes of the Realm, 16 Charles I, c. 10 (1641).

England, Assize of Clarendon (1166).

Georgia Code, 1861, Pt. 3, Tit. 10, Ch. 2, Art. III. § 3716.

Human Rights Act 1998, c. 42.

Illinois Constitution, Art. VI, § 6 (1870).

Illinois, Senate Bill 33, 53d General Assembly, 1923.

Kentucky Revised Statutes §422.110 (1912).

Louisiana, A General Digest of the Acts of the Legislature of Louisiana passed from theyear 1804 to 1827 (L. Moreau Lislet, compiler, 1828).

Maryland, A Report of All Such English Statutes as existed at the time of the first emigration of the people of Maryland, and which by experience have been found applicable to their local and other circumstances … (William Kilty, compiler, 1811).

Massachusetts Body of Liberties, 1641 c. 26.

Missouri, Revised Statutes, art. II, §§ 13–17 (1835).

New Jersey, Laws of the State (New Brunswick, N.J.: printed by Abraham Blauvelt, William Pater-son, compiler, 1800).

New Jersey, West, Concessions and Agreements of West New Jersey, 1676, c. 22.

New York, The Second Constitution of New York, 1821, Art. VII, § 7.

New York, Constitution of New York, 1777.

New York, Revised Statutes, vol. 2, part IV, chap. II (Butler & Duer revision, 1829).

New York, Thirty-Sixth Session, 1813, vol. 2, chap. civ., II.

New York, Act of Jan. 30, 1787, ch. 8, 1787.

New York, Tenth Session, c. 1 (1787).

North Carolina Proposal to Congress, August 1, 1788.

Ohio Laws, Chapter I, § 1, 1804; Virginia Laws, Chapter III, § I, 1776.

Pennsylvania Constitution, 1776, c. 1.

Pennsylvania, Act of Feb.11, 1777, Ch. 5, § 3, 1776–77 Pa. Laws 18.

Rhode Island Proposal to Congress, May 29, 1790.

South Carolina, Statutes at Large (Thomas Cooper, compiler, 1712).

United States Constitution, Preamble.

United States Constitution, art. III. sect. 3.

United States Constitution, amend. V.

United States Constitution, amend. VI.

United States Constitution, amends. I-IX.

United States Declaration of Independence.

United States, 18 U.S.C. § 2340A (2002).

United States, Ch. 66, 1 Stat. 577 (1798).

United States, 114 Congressional Record 14,155 (1968).

United States, Congressional Globe, 39th Cong., 1st Sess. 1838 (1866).

United States, Congressional Resolution (Aug. 25, 1777), reprinted in Thomas Gilpin, Exiles in Virginia (Philadelphia:1848).

United States, Exec. Order No. 13491, Jan. 22, 2009, 74 F.R. 4893.

Virginia, The Statutes at Large; being a Collection of all the Laws of Virginia from the First Session of the Legislature, in the Year 1619 (New-York: R. & W. & G. Bartow, William Waller Hening, compiler, 1823).

Virginia, A Collection of All Such Acts of the General Assembly of Virginia of a Public and Permanent Nature, As Are Now In Force (Richmond: printed by Augustine Davis, 1794).

Virginia General Assembly, Act I, 1662.

Books

Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics, book 3, part 1.

Ashley, Mike, The Mammoth Book of British Kings & Queens (New York: Carroll & Graf, 1998).

Babington, Anthony, The English Bastille: A History of Newgate Gaol and Prison Conditions in Britain 1188–1902 (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1971).

Baker, Liva, Miranda: Crime, Law and Politics (New York: Atheneum, 1985).

Bartlett, Robert, England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2000).

Bartlett, Robert, Trial by Fire and Water: The Medieval Judicial Ordeal (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986).

Beattie, J. M., Crime and the Courts in England, 1660–1800 (Princeton, N.J.; Princeton University Press, 1986).

Bentham, Jeremy, Rationale of Judicial Evidence (London: Hunt and Clarke, 1827). Blackstone, William, Commentaries on the Laws of England (London: University of Chicago Press, 1979).

Blackstone, William, Commentaries on the Laws of England (San Francisco: Bancroft-Whitney Company, 1916).

Blackstone, William, Commentaries on the Laws of England, Additional Notes by George Sharswood (Philadelphia: J. P. Lippincott Company, 1898).

Bracton, On the Laws and Customs of England 346 (George Woodbine, ed.; Samuel Thorne, trans., 1968).

Bradley, Craig M., The Failure of the Criminal Procedure Revolution, (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993).

Burn, Richard, The Justice of the Peace, and Parish Officer (London: Henry Lintot, 1755), vol. 1.

Caryll, John, Reports of Cases (London: Selden Society, 1999), ed. J. H. Baker, vol. 1.

Carte, Gene & Elaine Carte, Police Reform in the United States: The Era of August Vollmer, 1905–1932 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1975).

Chitty, J., A Practical Treatise on the Criminal Law (London: A. J. Valpy, 1816), vol. 1.

Cogan, Neil H, ed., The Complete Bill of Rights (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).

Coke, Edward, The Fourth Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England (London: E. and R. Brooke, Bell-Yard, near Temple Bar, 1797).

Coke, Edward, The Third Part of the Institutes of the Laws of England (London: W. Clarke and Sons, 1807).

Conductor Generalis (Albany, New York: E. F. Backus, 1819).

Cortner, Richard C., A “Scottsboro” Case in Mississippi (Oxford, Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi, 1986).

Cromartie, Alan, The Constitutionalist Revolution, An Essay on the History of England, 1450–1642 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006).

Davis, John C. B., The Massachusetts Justice (Worcester, Massachusetts: Warren Lazell, 1847). de Toqueville, Alexis, Democracy in America (New York: Bantam Books, 2000) (reprint of 1835 edition).

Dershowitz, Alan M., Is There a Right to Remain Silent? (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008).

Dickens, Charles, Oliver Twist, Introduction and Notes by Jill Muller (New York: Barnes & Noble Classics, 2003).

Dickinson, William, A Practical Exposition of the Law Relative to the Office and Duties of a Justice of the Peace (London: Reed and Hunter, 1813), vol. 1.

Dickson, Del, ed, The Supreme Court in Conference (1940–1985) (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001).

Digest of Justinian (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1985), ed. Theodore Mommsen, trans. Allen Watson.

Dow, George Francis, Every Day Life in the Massachusetts Bay Colony (Mineola, New York: Dover Publications, 1988).

Dowdell, E. G., A Hundred Years of Quarter Sessions: The Government of Middlesex from 1660–1760 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1932).

Dunlap, John A., The New York Justice; or a Digest of the Law Relative to Justices of the Peace in the State of New-York (New York: Isaac Riley, 1815).

Edwards, George C., A Treatise on the Powers and Duties of Justices of the Peace and Town Officers in the State of New-York under the Revised Statutes with Practical Forms (Bath, New York: Printed by David Rumsey, 1830).

English Lawsuits From William I to Richard I, (London: Selden Society, 1990), ed., R.C. Van Caenegem, vol. 1.

Faust, Drew Gilpin, This Republic of Suffering: Death and the American Civil War (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2008).

Fielding, Henry, An Enquiry into the Causes of the late Increase of Robbers (London: A. Millar, 1751).

Fielding, John, Extracts from such of the Penal Laws as Particularly relate to the Peace and Good Order of the Metropolis (London: H. Woodfall & W. Strahan, 1768).

Fink, Henry Raymond, The Indian Evidence Act (Calcutta: Wyman & Co., 1872).

Foss, Edward, Preface, A Biographical Dictionary of the Judges of England from the Conquest to the Present Time (Boston: Little Brown, 1870).

Foster, Michael, A Report of Some Proceedings … and Other Crown Cases to Which Are Added Discourses upon a Few Branches of the Crown Law (Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1762).

Frank, Jerome, Courts on Trial (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1949).

Friedman, Lawrence M., A History of American Law (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2d ed. 1985).

Friedrich Rudorff, Adolf, Römische Rechtsgeschichte (Leipzig: Verlag von Bernhard Tauchnitz, 1859).

Gardiner, Samuel Rawson, What Gunpowder Plot Was (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1897).

George, M. Dorothy, Life in London in the XVIIIth Century (New York: A.A. Knopf, 1925).

Gilbert, Sir Geoffrey, The Law of Evidence (London: Henry Lintot, Law Printer to the King, 1756).

Goebel, Julius & T. Raymond Naughton, Law Enforcement in Colonial New York, A Study in Criminal Procedure (1664–1776) (reprinted, Montclair, N.J.: Patterson Smith, 1970).

Goodman, James, Stories of Scottsboro (New York: Vintage Books, 1995).

Graham, Fred P., The Self-inflicted Wound (New York: MacMillan, 1970).

Graham, John A., Speeches, Delivered at the City-Hall of the City of New-York in the Courts of Oyer and Terminer, Common Pleas, and General Sessions of the Peace (New York: George Forman, Second Edition, 1812).

Green, Rhodom A. &John W. Lumpkin, The Georgia Justice (Milledgeville, Georgia: P. L. & B. H. Robinson, 1835).

Greenleaf, Simon, A Treatise on the Law of Evidence, 16th ed., Revised, Enlarged, and Annotated by John Henry Wigmore (Boston: Little Brown, 1899).

Greenleaf, Simon, A Treatise on the Law of Evidence (Boston: Charles C. Little & James Brown, 1842).

Grimké, John Fauchereaud, The South Carolina Justice of Peace (New-York: T. & J. Swords, Third Edition, 1810).

Hale, Matthew, The History of the Pleas of the Crown (Philadelphia: 1st American edition, 1847).

Hale, Matthew, The History of the Pleas of the Crown (London: E. and R. Nutt and R. Gosling, 1736).

Harding, Alan, A Social History of English Law (Harmondsworth, England: Penguin, 1966).

Hawkins, William, A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown; or, A System of the Principal Matters Relating to that Subject, Digested under Proper Heads (London: Printed for B. Sweet; R. Phenny; A. Maxwell, and R. Stevens and Sons; Lincoln’s Inn; Law Booksellers and Publishers; and J. Cumming, Dublin, Eighth Edition, 1824).

Hawkins, William, A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown; or, A System of the Principal Matters Relating to that Subject, Digested under Proper Heads (Dublin: London: Eliz. Lynch) (Sixth Edition, 1788).

Hawkins, William, A Treatise of the Pleas of the Crown; or, A System of the Principal Matters relating to that Subject, digested under proper Heads (London: Eliz. Nutt, 1721), vol. 2.

Hening, William Waller, The New Virginia Justice (Richmond: J. & G. Cochran, 1820).

Hepworth, Mike & Bryan S. Turner, Confession: Studies in Deviance and Religion (London: Rout-ledge & Kegan Paul, 1982).

Hilton, Boyd, A Mad, Bad, and Dangerous People? England 1783–1846 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2006).

Hitchcock, Henry, The Alabama Justice of the Peace (Cahawba, Alabama: William B. Allen, 1822).

Hobbes, Thomas, Leviathan (London: Penguin Books, 1981) (first published, 1651).

Holmes, Colin, John Bull’s Island: Immigration and British Society 1871–1971, (London: Macmillan, 1988).

Howell, T.B. and T.J. Howell, General Index to the Collection of State Trials (London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown & Green et al., 1828).

Hudson, William, “A Treatise of the Court of Star Chamber,” in Collectanea Juridica (London: E. and R. Brooke, Bell-Yard, Temple-Bar, 1792).

Impey, John, The Practice of the Office of Sheriff and Undersheriff; Also, the Practice of the Office of Coroner (London: W. Clarke and Sons, Third Edition, 1812).

Inbau, Fred E., Lie Detection and Criminal Interrogation (Baltimore: The Williams & Wilkins Company, 1942).

Johnson, Claudia Durst, Daily Life in Colonial New England (Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2002).

Johnson, David T, The Japanese Way of Justice: Prosecuting Crime in Japan (New York: Oxford University Press, 2002).

Johnson, Marilynn, Street Justice: A History of Police Violence in New York City (Beacon Press: Boston, 2003).

Jones, A. H. M., The Criminal Courts of the Roman Republic and Principate (Totowa, N. J.: Rowman and Littlefield, 1972).

Joy, Henry H., On the Admissibility of Confessions and Challenges to Jurors in Criminal Cases in England and Ireland (Dublin: Andrew Milliken, 1842).

Kidd, W. R., Police Interrogation (New York: R. V. Basuino, 1940).

Knott, H. W. Howard, “John Andrew Graham,” Dictionary of American Biography (New York: Scriber’s Sons, 1931), vol. 7.

Langbein, John H., The Origins of the Adversary Criminal Trial (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).

Langbein, John H., Torture and the Law of Proof: Europe and England in the Ancien Regime (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1976) (2006 edition).

Leach, Thomas, Cases in Crown Law, Determined by the Twelve Judges, by the Court of King’s Bench, and by Commissioners of Oyer and Terminer and General Gaol Delivery (London: T. Whieldon, 1789).

Lens, Sidney, The Forging of the American Empire (London: Pluto Press, 2003).

Leo, Richard A., Police Interrogation and American Justice (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2008).

Levy, Leonard W., Origins of the Fifth Amendment (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 1999) (first published in 1968).

Livy, Titus, The War With Hannibal, Books XXI–XXX of The History of Rome from its Foundation (New York: Penguin Classics, 1965).

Locke, John, Two Treatises of Government and A Letter Concerning Toleration, (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003), second treatise, (first published, 1690).

Mailer, Norman, Advertisements for Myself (New York: Putnam’s, 1959).

McCoy, Alfred W., A Question of Torture: CIA Interrogation, From the Cold War to the War on Terror (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2006).

McCullough, David, John Adams (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001).

McKinney, Mordecai, The Pennsylvania Justice of the Peace (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: E. Guyer, 1839).

Nicholas, Barry, An Introduction to Roman Law (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962).

O’Gorman, Frank, The Long Eighteenth Century (London: Hodder Arnold, 1997).

Perez, Joseph, The Spanish Inquisition (New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2005).

Pollock, Sir Frederick & Frederick William Maitland, The History of English Law Before the Time of Edward I, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2d ed., 1899).

Schley, William, A Digest of the English Statutes of Force in the State of Georgia (1826).

Simon, David, Homicide, A Year on the Killing Streets (New York: Houghton, Mifflin, 1991), Ivy Books edition (New York: Ballantine Books, 1991).

Smith, William, The Justice of the Peace (New York: J.F. Handley, 1841).

Stanton, Doris M., English Justice between the Norman Conquest and the Great Charter, 1066–1215 (Philadelphia: The American Philosophy Scholar, 1964).

Starkie, Thomas, A Practical Treatise on the Law of Evidence and Digest of Proofs in Civil and Criminal Proceedings (London: J. & W. T. Clarke, 1824), vol. 2.

Staundford, Les Plees del Coron (1557).

Stephen, Leslie, The Life of Sir James Fitzjames Stephen (London: Smith, Elder, & Co., 1895).

Strachan-Davidson, James. L., Problems of the Roman Criminal Law (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969).

Stuart, Gary L., Innocent Until Interrogated: The True Story of the Buddhist Temple Massacre and the Tucson Four (Tucson, Arizona: University of Arizona Press, 2010).

Thomas III, George C, The Supreme Court on Trial: How the American Justice System Sacrifices Innocent Defendants (Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 2008).

Tobias, J. J., Crime and Industrial Society in the 19th Century (New York: Schocken Books, 1967).

Tobias, J. J., Urban Crime in Victorian England (New York: Schocken Books, 1972).

Trevelyan, Raleigh, Sir Walter Raleigh (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2002).

Turner, Edward Raymond The Privy Council of England in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries, 1603–1784 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1927).

Ward, A. W., G. W. Prothero, Stanley Leathes, The Cambridge Modern History (Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1903).

Warren, W. L., Henry II (Berkeley, Ca.: University of California Press, 1973).

Weisman, Richard, Witchcraft, Magic, and Religion in 17th-Century Massachusetts (Amherst, Massachusetts: The University of Massachusetts Press, 1984).

Wertheimer, Alan, Coercion (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1987).

White, Welsh S., Miranda’s Waning Protections: Police Interrogation Practices After Dickerson (Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 2001).

Wilson, Theodore Brantner, The Black Codes of the South (University, Alabama: University of Alabama Press, 1965).

Wigmore, John Henry, A Treatise on the Anglo-American System of Evidence in Trials at Common Law (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1923).

Wigmore, John Henry, A Treatise on the System of Evidence in Trials at Common Law (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1904), vol. 1, § 865.

Wittgenstein, Ludwig, Philosophical Investigations (Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1958).

Wood, Gordon S., The Radicalism of the American Revolution (New York: Vintage Books, 1991).

Ziegler, Philip, The Black Death (New York: Harper & Row, 1969).

Zimring, Franklin E., & Gordon J. Hawkins, Deterrence: The Legal Threat in Crime Control (Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1973).

Articles, Monographs, and Book Chapters

Almand, Bond, “The Preparation and Adoption of the Code of 1863,” Ga. B.J 14 (1951).

Bandes, Susan, “Tracing the Pattern of No Pattern: Stories of Police Brutality,” Loyola L. A. L. Rev. 34 (2001).

Bandes, Susan, “The Patterns of Injustice: Police Brutality in the Courts,” Buff. L. Rev. 47 (1999).

Beattie, J. M., “Sir John Fielding and Public Justice: The Bow Street Magistrates’ Court, 1754–1780,” L. & Hist. Rev. 25 (2007).

Benner, Laurence A., “Requiem for Miranda: The Rehnquist Court’s Voluntariness Doctrine in Historical Perspective,” Wash. U.L.Q. 67 (1989).

Bradley, Craig M., “Supreme Court Review Behind the Dickerson Decision,” Trial 36 (2000).

Bradley, Craig M., “The Uncertainty Principle in the Supreme Court,” Duke L.J. 1986 (1986).

Caplan, Gerald M., “Questioning Miranda,” Vand. L. Rev. 38 (1985).

Cassell, Paul G. & Bret S. Hayman, “Police Interrogation in the 1990s: An Empirical Study of the Effects of Miranda,” UCLA L. Rev. 43 (1996).

Cassell, Paul G. & Richard Fowles, “Handcuffing the Cops? A Thirty-Year Perspective on Miranda’s Harmful Effects on Law Enforcement,” Stanford L. Rev. 50 (1998).

Cassell, Paul G., “Miranda’s Social Costs: An Empirical Reassessment,” Nw. U. L. Rev. 90 (1996).

Cloud, Morgan, “Quakers, Slaves and the Founders: Profiling to Save the Nation,” Miss. L.J. 73 (2003).

Cloud, Morgan, George B. Shepherd, Alison Nodvin Barkoff, Justin V. Shur, “Word Without Meaning: The Constitution, Confessions, and Mentally Retarded Suspects,” U. Chi. L. Rev. 69 (2002).

Cohen, Felix, “Transcendental Nonsense and the Functional Approach,” Colum. L. Rev. 35 (1935).

Dripps, Donald A., “Constitutional Theory for Criminal Procedure: Dickerson, Miranda, and the Continuing Quest for Broad-But-Shallow,” Wm. & Mary L. Rev. 43 (2001).

Dripps, Donald, “Is Miranda Caselaw Really Inconsistent: A Proposed Fifth Amendment Synthesis,” Const. Commentary 17 (2000).

Fehlings, Gregory, “Storm on the Constitution: The First Deportation Law,” Tulsa J. Comp. & Int’l. L. 10 (2002).

Feld, Barry C., “Juveniles’ Competence to Exercise Miranda Rights: An Empirical Study of Policy and Practice,” Minn. L. Rev. 91 (2006).

Garcia, Alfredo, “Is Miranda Dead, Was it Overruled, or is it Irrelevant?,” St. Thomas L. Rev. 10 (1998).

Godsey, Mark A., “Shining the Bright Light on Police Interrogation in America,” Ohio State J. Crim. L. 6 (2009).

Grisso, Thomas, “Juveniles’ Capacities to Waive Miranda Rights: An Empirical Analysis,” Cal. L. Rev. 68 (1980).

Harris, David A., “Picture This: Body-Worn Video Devices (Head Cams) As Tools for Ensuring Fourth Amendment Compliance by Police”, Texas Tech L. Rev. 43 (2010).

Herman, Lawrence, “The Unexplored Relationship Between the Privilege Against Compulsory Self-Incrimination and the Involuntary Confession Rule (Part I),” Ohio St. L.J. 53 (1992).

Honigsberg, Peter Jan, “Chasing “Enemy Combatants” and Circumventing International Law: A License for Sanctioned Abuse,” UCLA J. International L. & Foreign Affairs, 12 (2007).

Kamisar, Yale, “How Earl Warren’s Twenty-Two Years in Law Enforcement Affected His Work as Chief Justice,” Ohio St.J. Crim. L. 3 (2005).

Kamisar, Yale, Criminal Justice in Our Time, (Charlottesville, Virginia: The University Press of Virginia, 1965), ed. A.E. Dick Howard.

Kamisar, Yale, “What Is An ‘Involuntary’ Confession: Some Comments on Inbau’s and Reid’s Criminal Interrogation and Confessions,” Rutgers L. Rev. 17 (1963).

Kauper, Paul G., “Judicial Examination of the Accused—A Remedy for the Third Degree,” Mich. L. Rev. 30 (1932).

King, Kenneth J., “Waiving Childhood Goodbye: How Juvenile Courts Fail to Protect Children From Unknowing, Unintelligent, and Involuntary Waivers of Miranda Rights,” Wis. L. Rev. 2006 (2006).

Lain, Corinna Barrett, “Countermajoritarian Hero or Zero? Rethinking the Warren Court’s Role in the Criminal Procedure Revolution,” U. Pa. L. Rev. 152 (2004).

Langbein, John H., “The Origins of Public Prosecution at Common Law,” The American Journal of Legal History, 17 (1973).

Langbein, John H., “Torture and Plea Bargaining,” U. Chi. L. Rev. 46 (1978).

Leo, Richard A., Steven A. Drizin, Peter J. Neufeld, Bradley R. Hall, & Amy Vater, “Bringing Reliability Back In: False Confessions and Legal Safeguards in the Twenty-First Century,” Wis. L. Rev. 2006 (2006).

Leo, Richard A., “False Confessions: Causes, Consequences, and Solutions,” in Wrongly Convicted: Perspectives on Failed Justice (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2001, Saundra D. Westervelt & John A. Humphrey, eds.).

Leo, Richard A., “Inside the Interrogation Room,” J. Crim. L. & Criminology 86 (1996).

Leo, Richard A., “The Impact of Miranda Revisited,” J. Crim. L. & Criminology 86 (1996).

Llewellyn, Karl, “A Realistic Jurisprudence—The Next Step,” Colum. L. Rev. 30 (1930).

Malone, Patrick, “‘You Have the Right to Remain Silent’:Miranda After Twenty Years,” American Scholar, 55 (1986).

Mannheimer, Michael J. Zydney, “Toward a Unified Theory of Testimonial Evidence Under the Fifth and Sixth Amendments,” Temple L. Rev. 80 (2007).

McCash, William B., “Thomas Cobb and the Codification of Georgia Law,” Georgia Historical Quarterly 62 (1978).

Medwed, Daniel S., “Innocentrism,” U. Ill. L. Rev. 2008 (2008).

Medwed, Daniel S., “The Zeal Deal: Prosecutorial Resistance to Post-Conviction Claims of Innocence,” B.U. L. Rev. 84 (2004).

Miles, William Augustus, A Letter to Sir John Fielding, Knt., occasioned by His extraordinary Request to Mr. Garrickfor the Suppression of the Beggar’s Opera (London: J. Bell, 1773).

Moran, David A., “In Defense of the Corpus Delicti Rule,” Ohio St. L. J. 64 (2003).

Odegaard, Charles E., “Legalis Homo,” Speculum 15 (1940).

Oliver, Wesley MacNeil, “Magistrates’ Examinations, Police Interrogations, and Miranda-Like Warnings in the Nineteenth Century,” Tulane L. Rev. 81 (2007).

Parry, John T., “Torture Nation, Torture Law,” Geo. L. J. 97 (2009).

Ramsey, Carolyn B., “In the Sweat Box: A Historical Perspective on the Detention of Material Witnesses,” Ohio St. J. Crim. L. 6 (2009).

Rosenthal, Lawrence, “Against Orthodoxy: Miranda Is Not Prophylactic and the Constitution Is Not Perfect,” Chapman L. Rev. 10 (2007).

Schulhofer, Stephen J., “Miranda’s Practical Effect: Substantial Benefits and Vanishingly Small Social Costs,” Nw. U.L. Rev. 90 (1996).

Seidman, Louis Michael, “Brown and Miranda,” Calif. L. Rev. 80 (1992).

Seidman, Louis Michael, “Rubashov’s Question: Self-Incrimination and the Problem of Coerced Preferences,” Yale J. L. & Humanities 2 (1990).

Spann, Giradeau A., “Deconstructing the Legislative Veto,” Minn. L. Rev. 68 (1984).

Stone, Geoffrey, “The Miranda Doctrine in the Burger Court,” Sup. Ct. Rev. 1977 (1977).

Taslitz, Andrew E., Book Review, “Mir’s Waning Protections: Police Interrogation Practices After Dickerson by Welsh S. White,” Crim. Justice 17 (2002).

Thomas III, George C, “Criminal Trials as Morality Plays: Good and Evil,” St. Louis U. L. Rev 55 (2011).

Thomas III, George C, “Bigotry, Jury Failures, and the Supreme Court’s Feeble Response”, Buffalo L. Rev. 55 (2007).

Thomas III, George C, “Colonial Criminal Law and Procedure: The Royal Colony of New Jersey 1749–57,” New York University Journal of Law & Liberty 1 (2005).

Thomas III, George C, “Stories About Miranda,” Mich. L. Rev., 102 (2004).

Thomas III, George C, “Separated At Birth But Siblings Nonetheless: Miranda And The Due Process Notice Cases,” Mich. L. Rev. 99 (2001).

Thomas III, George C, “Plain Talk About the Miranda Empirical Debate: A “Steady-State” Theory of Confessions, U.C.L.A. L. Rev. 43 (1986).

Thompson, Sandra Guerra, “Evading Miranda: How Seibert and Patene Failed to “Save” Miranda, Val.U. L. Rev. 40 (2006).

Weisberg, Robert, “Criminal Law, Criminology, and the Small World of Legal Scholars,” U. Col. L. Rev. 63 (1992).

Weisselberg, Charles D., “Mourning Miranda,” Cal. L. Rev. 96 (2008).

Wigmore, John H., “Nemo Tenetur Seipsum Prodere,” Harv. L. Rev. 5 (1891–92).

Reports

Binney, Horace, Reports of Cases Adjudged in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, v. 3 (1811).

Bybee, Jay S., Assistant Attorney General, U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Legal Counsel, Memorandum for John Rizzo, Acting General Counsel of the Central Intelligence Agency, Interrogation of al Qaeda Operative, August 1, 2002.

European Parliament, “CIA Activities in Europe: European Parliament Adopts Final Report Deploring Passivity from Some Member States,” February 19, 2007.

New York, “Report of Select Committee on Code of Criminal Procedure, No. 150,” In Assembly, Mar. 2, 1855.

New York, “Report of the Select Committee Appointed by the Assembly of 1875 to Investigate the Causes of the Increase of Crime in the City of New York,” Rep. No. 106 (1876).

Office of Legal Policy, “Report to the Attorney General on the Law of Pretrial Interrogation,” U. Mich.J. L. Reform 22 (1988–1989).

United States, Congressional Record, 62d Cong., 1st Sess, Report No. 128 (August 4, 1911).

United States, Congressional Record, 61st Cong., 2d Sess. Report No. 597 (April 26, 1910).

United States, Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Historical Statistics of the United States, 1789–1945, Series B 279–303, Country of Birth of the Foreign-Born Population (Census); 1850–1940.

Newspapers

Barnes, Steve, “Susan McDougal Back in Arkansas for Trial,” The New York Times, March 9, 1999.

Barry, Ellen, “Rape Suspect Says She Was Fooled Into Confessing,” The New York Times, June 12, 2007.

Bradford, Gardner, “A Machine That Makes Criminals Confess,” Los Angeles Times, May 7, 1933.

Davey, Monica, “Judge Rules Report in Chicago Should be Released,” The New York Times, May 20, 2006.

Donadio, Rachael, “Italy Convicts 23 Americans for C.I.A. Renditions,” The New York Times, November 5, 2009.

Fitzsimmons, Emma Graves, “Decades Later, Ex-Police Commander in Chicago Goes on Trial in Abuse Cases,” The New York Times, May 27, 2010.

Graham, Fred P., “High Court Puts New Curb on Powers of the Police to Interrogate Suspects,” The New York Times, June 14, 1966.

Johnston, David, “At a Secret Interrogation, Dispute Flared Over Tactics,” The New York Times, September 10, 2006.

Johnston, David & Carl Hulse, “C.I.A. Asks Criminal Inquiry Over Secret-Prison Article,” The New York Times, November 9, 2005.

Johnston, David & Thorn Shanker, “The Reach of War: Detainees; Pentagon Approved Intense Interrogation Techniques for Sept. 11 Suspect at Guantanamo,” The New York Times, May 21, 2004.

Marshall, Edward, “About Criminals,” The Atlanta Constitution, September 29, 1894.

Mayer, Jane, “Outsourcing Torture: The Secret History of America’s ‘Extraordinary Rendition’ Program,” The New Yorker, February 14, 2005.

Mazzetti, Mark, “Threats and Responses: The Intelligence Agency; Questions Raised About Bush’s Primary Claims in Defense of Secret Detection System,” The New York Times, September 8, 2006.

Rudoren, Jodi, “Inquiry Finds Police Abuse, but Says Law Bars Trials,” The New York Times, July 20, 2006.

Savage, Charlie, “Ghailani Verdict Reignites Debate Over the Proper Court for Terrorism Trials,” The New York Times, November 18, 2010.

Savage, Charlie, “Holder Backs a Miranda Limit for Terror Suspects,” The New York Times, May 9, 2010.

Warren, James, “Burge Case Ends With a Prison Sentence and No Little Bit of Wondering,” The New York Times, January 22, 2011.

Weiner, Tim, “CIA Taught, Then Dropped, Mental Torture in Latin America,” The New York Times, January 29, 1997.

“Accused of Ten Murders,” The New York Times, July 26, 1895.

“Accuses Police of’Third Degree’; Victim Innocent,” Chicago Daily Tribune, January 30, 1913.

“After ‘Third Degree’ He Killed Himself,” The Atlanta Constitution, May 20, 1910.

“Alderman Fights Police Tortures,” Chicago Daily Tribune, February 2, 1913.

“All About a Rebel Flag: A Violent Controversy Progressing in a Jersey Town,” The New York Times, July 14, 1890.

“Arkansas Judge Bans Use of ‘Torture Chair,’” The Atlanta Constitution, November 23, 1929.

“Attack on Priest, “‘Black Hand’s’ Enemy,” The New York Times, September 20, 1904.

“Backs Story of Haas Beating,” Chicago Daily Tribune, February 4, 1913.

“Bar Association Shows Interest in Hoyne Aids,” Chicago Daily Tribune, November 17, 1918.

“Big Bomb Wrecks 5-Story Tenement,” The New York Times, December 22, 1907.

“‘Black Hand’ after Baker,” The New York Times, December 12, 1904.

“‘Black Hand’ in Murder,” The New York Times, August 29, 1904.

“Black Hand Now in Staffeldt Murder,” The New York Times, July 3, 1907.

“Black Hand’s Foe Warned,” The New York Times, May 3, 1909 (Louisiana).

“Blackmail for Merchant,” The New York Times, October 28, 1910 (Toronto).

“Blew Up the Banana King,” The New York Times, January 19, 1908 (Maryland).

“Bow Street,” The (London) Times, February 18, 1831.

“Bow Street,” The (London) Times, June 8, 1833.

“Boys Tell Torture Tale,” Los Angeles Times, November 26, 1924.

“Charles Hussey,” The (London) Times, September 3, 1818.

“Chicago Thieves Identified,” The New York Times, July 15, 1896.

“Clubbing a Minor Offense,” The New York Times, October 3, 1894.

“Convict Detective For ‘Ihird Degree,’” The New York Times, February 10, 1920.

“Cook’s Confession,” The (London) Times, June 11, 1832.

“Denbighshire Great Sessions,” The (London) Times, August 21, 1819.

“Execution of Hussey for the Murders at Greenwich,” The (London) Times, August 4, 1818.

“Execution of John Amy Bird Bell for Murder,” The (London) Times, August 2, 1831.

“Execution of Patch,” The (London) Times, April 9, 1806.

“F.B.I. Memorandum, The New York Times, March 25, 2011.

“Forced to Confess by “Ihird Degree,’” The Atlanta Constitution, December 17, 1910.

“‘Fourth Degree’ Effective,” The New York Times, August 21, 1929.

“Garrison Sues Police Heads,” Los Angeles Times, August 14, 1931.

“Glocestershire Assizes,” The (London) Times, September 9, 1818.

“Holdup Men Kill One More Victim,” Chicago Daily Tribune, January 6, 1908.

“Hope to Wipe Out Black Hand,” The New York Times, June 13, 1909 (Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Indiana, Illinois).

“Hoyne et al. Sued by Arrest Victim,” Chicago Daily Tribune, July 31, 1913.

“Hoyne Friction? 4 Aids Out; One Sweitzer Friend,” Chicago Daily Tribune, May 4, 1919.

“Hussey’s Confession,” The (London) Times, August 22, 1818.

“Hussey’s Confession,” The (London) Times, August 10, 1818..

“In Behalf of the Rack,” The New York Times, May 19, 1877.

“Inquisition Method Hit By Speaker,” Los Angeles Times, January 27, 1929.

“Inventor Tells the Truth About His Lie Detector,” Chicago Daily Tribune, September 13, 1932.

“Is ‘the Black Hand’ a Myth or a Terrible Reality?,” The New York Times, March 3, 1907.

“Is the ‘Third Degree’ Justified?,” The Atlanta Constitution, July 5, 1909.

“Judge Scores ‘Third Degree,’” Los Angeles Times, December 4, 1910.

“Jury Fails to Agree; Mob Hangs Negro,” The New York Times, March 18, 1901.

“Lowden Vetoes 52 Measures As Assembly Ends,” Chicago Daily Tribune, June 30, 1917.

“Lynchers May Go Scot Free,” The New York Times, January 17, 1901.

“Man Shot Five Times; Wounding of Janitor by a Tenant in Dispute Over 25 Cents Excites a Mob of Italians,” The New York Times, May 13, 1901.

“Mansion House—Late Robbery at Grantham,” The (London) Times, August 25, 1815.

“Mob Threatens Mrs. Nation,” The New York Times, January 27, 1901.

“More Kansas Saloons Fall Under the Axe,” The New York Times, January 31, 1901.

“Mrs. Nack’s Story Told,” The New York Times, November 11, 1897.

“Mrs. Nation Begins Her Crusade Anew,” The New York Times, January 22, 1901.

“Mrs. Nation Horsewhipped,” The New York Times, January 25, 1901.

“Must Stop Outrages by the Black Hand,” The New York Times, January 26, 1908.

“Negro Dies at the Stake: Florida Mob Pours Oil on Him and Applies a Match,” The New York Times, May 29, 1901.

“Negro Dies at the Stake: Fred Alexander Dragged from Leavenworth Jail by a Mob,” The New York Times, January 15, 1901.

“New Ban on Third Degree,” Los Angeles Times, December 20, 1928.

“New York Officials Deny Being Brutal,” The New York Times, August 11, 1931.

“Obituaries,” New York Times, July 10, 1971.

“Officers Hang Alleged Bandit,” Los Angeles Times, April 23, 1915.

“Old Apache Chief Geronimo Is Dead,” The New York Times, February 18, 1909.

“Parricide, Execution of Chennel and Chalcraft for the Murder of Chennel’s Family,” The (London) Times, August 15, 1818.

“Petrosino’s Slayer Working as a Miner,” The New York Times, January 9, 1910.

“Picking Pockets,” The (London) Times, October 29, 1807.

“Playing Poker with a Nigger,” The Western Mirror (Cambridge City, Indiana), February 1, 1866.

“Police,” The (London) Times, August 29, 1816.

“Police Methods Assailed,” Los Angeles Times, May 30, 1925.

“Prayer Precedes a Lynching,” The New York Times, March 3, 1901.

“Prisoner Charges Brutality By Police,” The New York Times, September 18, 1929.

“Probing the “Ihird Degree,’” The Atlanta Constitution, May 15, 1910.

“Providential Discovery of a Most Barbarous Murder,” The (London) Times, January 23, 1830.

“Quiz of Alleged Third Degree in Office of Hoyne,” Chicago Daily Tribune, November 30, 1918.

“Rice Admits U.S. Erred in Deportation,” The New York Times, October 25, 2007.

“Saloon Raiders Kill Woman,” The New York Times, February 20, 1901.

“Seeks Death After Sweat,” Chicago Daily Tribune, August 10, 1907.

“Senator Pierantoni Talks of Black Hand,” The New York Times, September 14, 1910.

“She Shot a Chinaman,” Chicago Daily Tribune, November 13, 1888.

“Statues to the Rebel Dead,” The New York Times, February 21, 1881.

“Store Wrecked by Bomb,” The New York Times, November 26, 1907; “Black Hand Plants Bomb,” id., July 17, 1907.

“Suit Case Mystery Solved by Confession,” The New York Times, November 3, 1905.

“Superintendent Walling: His Trial Before the Police Board,” New York Times, Mar. 13, 1875.

“Supreme Court Justices Denounce ‘Third Degree,’” The New York Times, July 20, 1902.

“Suspect Tells Third Degree,” Los Angeles Times, March 25, 1932.

“Sweated Four Days; Sues Hoyne.” Chicago Daily Tribune, August 2, 1913.

“That Rebel Geography,” The New York Times, December 8, 1889.

“The Ashburn Murder Case,” The (Atlanta) Constitution, September 13, 1868.

“The Ashburn Murder,” The New York Times, September 12, 1868.

“The Ashburn Murder,” The New York Times, July 21, 1868.

“The Nation in Summary; U.S. Entering Greensboro Case,” The New York Times, March 14, 1982.

“The Navy at Fort Fisher: Brooklyn Children See the Stars and Bars,” The New York Times, May 19, 1894.

“The Police Inquisition,” The New York Times, July 6, 1897.

“The Third Degree,” Los Angeles Times, March 13, 1926.

“‘The Third Degree,’” The New York Times, April 17, 1910.

“Thieves Used Ether to Stupefy Victims,” The New York Times, June 22, 1907.

“Third Degree Condemned,” Los Angeles Times, December 10, 1910.

“Third Degree in Police Parlance,” The New York Times, October 6, 1901.

“‘Third Degree’ Made a Science,” Los Angeles Times, December 17, 1910.

“Third-Degree Methods Fail,” Los Angeles Times, March 9, 1917.

“‘Third Degree’ Put Under Ban,” The Atlanta Constitution, July 4, 1907.

“‘Third Degree’ Talked into Senate Discard,” Chicago Daily Tribune, May 14, 1923.

“To Abolish the Third Degree,” The New York Times, July 6, 1902.

“Torture to Force Confession,” The New York Times, June 24, 1909.

“Tortured by ‘Third Degree’ into Confessing Murder,” The Atlanta Constitution, April 8, 1910.

“Torturers’ Manifesto,” The New York Times, April 19, 2009.

“Torturing a Prisoner,” Chicago Daily Tribune, August 15, 1902.

“Trim Assizes,” The (London) Times, July 28, 1815.

“U.S. Bar Committee Decries ‘Third Degree,’” Chicago Daily Tribune, August 16, 1913.

“Unveil Petrosino Monument,” The New York Times, March 14, 1910.

“Wants Rowan Off Force,” The New York Times, March 7, 1920.

“Warrants for Four Cops on ‘Third Degree’ Charge,” Chicago Daily Tribune, April 21, 1921.

“White House Shut to Carrie Nation,” The New York Times, January 31, 1907.

“Woman and Girl Torn by a Bomb,” The New York Times, June 4, 1907.

“Woman Principal Rebuked,” The New York Times, April 20, 1902.

“Women Launch Police Inquiry,” Los Angeles Times, May 6, 1927.

Other Sources

“60 Minutes,” transcript, air date September 20, 2002.

1968 Presidential General Election Results, available at http://uselectionatias.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1968. (last visited February 10, 2011).

Blanchfield, Deidre, “Public Executions in Nineteenth Century England,” available at http://www.umd.umich.edu/casl/hum/eng/classes/434/geweb/PUBLICEX.htm (last visited July 20, 2008).

Byrnes, Thomas F., “Historical Timeline in Investigation,” available at http://www.criminology.fsu.edu/faculty/nute/history.html (last visited February 11, 2011).

Byrnes, “Thomas F. Byrnes,” Wikipedia, available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_F._Byrnes (last visited February 11, 2011).

Center for Disease Control, HIV/AIDS, Basic Statistics, “HIV Incidence Estimate,” available at http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/basic.htmiincidence (last visited March 23, 2011).

Cohn, Raymond L., “Immigration to the United States,” tbl. 1, EH.Net, available at http://eh.net/encyclopedia/article/cohn.immigration.us (last visited January 27, 2011).

Colbert, Brad, email to George Thomas, April 15, 2010, available from George Thomas.

Council of Europe, Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights, “Report: Alleged Secret Detentions and Unlawful Inter-state Transfers of Detainees Involving Council of Europe Member States,” June 12, 2006..

Crime and Justice Atlas 2000, “United States Index Crime Rate, 1933–1998.

“Criminal Justice in Crisis, A Report to the American People and The American Bar on Criminal Justice in the United States: Some Myths, Some Realities, and Some Questions for the Future.

Doors, “Roadhouse Blues,” on Morrison Hotel (Electra Records 1970).

Emsley, Clive, “Crime and the Victorians,” in BBC’s British History, Victorians (2001), available at http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/victorians/crime_01.shtml (last visited March 23, 2011).

European Parliament, “CIA Activities in Europe: European Parliament Adopts Final Report Deploring Passivity from Some Member States,” February 19, 2007, available at http://www.libertysecurity.org/article1354.html (last visited January 31, 2011).

FBI, History, A Brief History of the FBI, Lawless Years: 1921–1933, available at ?http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/brief-history (last visited February 8, 2011).

FBI, “Organized Crime, Italian Organized Crime—Overview,” available at http://www.fbi.gov/hq/cid/orgcrime/lcnindex.htm (last visited January 29, 2011).

Gibson, Campbell, “Population Density of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790–1990,” Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census.

“Great Fire of London,” New World Encyclopedia.

GTMO, Counterterroism Division (CTD), Inspection Special Inquiry, 09/02/2004, Case ID # 297-HQ-A1327669-A, Responses, 10, available at http://foia.fbi.gov (last visited March 17, 2011).

Haynes, William J., “Enemy Combatants,” Council on Foreign Relations, December 12, 2002, available at http://www.cfr.org/international-law/enemy-combatants/p5312 (last visited February 12, 2011).

London, “Greater London, Inner London & Outer London, Population & Density History,” available at http://www.demographia.com/dm-lon31.htm (last visited January 27, 2011).

“Measuring Worth: Six Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a U.S. Dollar, 1774 to Present,” available at http://www.measuringworth.com/ppowerus/ (last visited February 11, 2011).

Mikkelsen, Randall, “U.S. Attorney General Holder,” March 2, 2009, available at http://www.re-uters.com/article/2009/03/02/us-usa-security-waterboarding-idUSTRE5213OE20090302?feedType=RSS&feedName=topNews (last visited March 17, 2011).

Muhlberger, Steven, Medieval England, Wessex Conquers England, available at http://www.the-orb.net/textbooks/muhlberger/wessex.html (last visited February 12, 2011)).

Old Bailey, “A Population History of London, 1815–1860,” available at http://www.oldbaileyon-line.org/static/Population-history-of-london.jsp#a1815–1860 (last visited February 17, 2011).

Old Bailey, “A Population History of London, 1760–1815,” available at http://www.oldbaileyon-line.org/static/Population-history-of-london.jsp#a1760–18 15 (last visited January 7, 2011).

Old Bailey, “History of The Old Bailey Courthouse: London’s Central Criminal Court,” 1673–1834, available at http://www.oldbaileyonline.org/static/The-old-bailey.jsp (last visited February 21, 2010).

Reid, John E. & Associates, “Success with Reid,” available at http://www.reid.com/success_reid/r_success.html (last visited 02/10/2011).

Riley, Michael, “Greensboro, North Carolina The Legacy of Segregation,” Time, June 25, 1990, at 10, available at http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,970458,00.html (last visited 02/13/2011).

Rosenthal. Lawrence, email to George Thomas, April 22, 2010, available from George Thomas

Rosenthal, Lawrence, posting to CRIMPROF listserv, April 16, 2010, copy available from George Thomas.

Seipp, David J., Legal History: The Year Books, Medieval English Legal History, An Index and Paraphrase of Printed Year Book Reports, 1268–1535 (Seipp’s Abridgement), available at http://www.bu.edu/law/faculty/scholarship/yearbooks/. (last visited February 13, 2011).

Seipp, David J., email to Paul Axel-Lute, Deputy Director and Collection Development Librarian, Rutgers, University Library for the Center for Law & Justice, October 20, 2006.

U.S. Bureau of the Census, “Population of the 46 Urban Places: 1810,” tbl. 4, available at http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0027/tab04.txt (last visited January 7, 2011).

U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Crime and Justice Atlas 2000, “United States Murder Rate, 1900–1998,” available at http://www.jrsa.org/programs/Crime_Atlas_2000.pdf (last visited February 1, 2011).

U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Bureau of Justice Statistics, “Key Facts at a Glance, Four Measures of Serious Violent Crime, Total Violent Crime,” available at http://bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/glance/tables/4meastab.cfm (last visited March 18, 2011).

Weather History @ Weather.Org, “History for Washington, DC, Monday, June 13, 1966,” available at http://weather.org/weatherorg_records_and_averages.htm (last visited March 24, 2011).

Year Books, various cases, Seipp trans., available at http://www.bu.edu/phpbin/lawyearbooks/search.php.