In addition to His teaching about the Sabbath, what are some specific practices of the Pharisees that Jesus spoke to?

Jesus rebuked the hypocrisy of loud, long public prayers (a specialty of the Pharisees), again saying that the earthly attention such a practice garners is its only reward (Matthew 6:5). At this point He first gave the model prayer that has become known as the Lord’s Prayer. That prayer’s brevity, simplicity, and Godward focus set it apart from the Pharisees’ style of praying.

Jesus also commented on the Pharisees’ fasting. It was all a charade—a thin veneer that barely covered their totally selfish motives. Legitimate fasting is supposed to help us set aside worldly concerns in order to focus on prayer and spiritual things. The Pharisees instead had turned their fasting into another means of parading their piety in public, proving once more that they could not have cared less about heavenly things. What they really cared for was worldly applause. All their fasting had the exact opposite effect of what a fast should do; it drew attention to them, rather than eliminating things that distract. Jesus exposed the hypocrisy of it.