1. James Greig (ed.), The Diaries of a Duchess: Extracts from the Diaries of the First Duchess of Northumberland (1716–1776) (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1926), p. 48.
2. The Times, 16 July 1830.
3. Charles Lamb, ‘Triumph of the Whale’, Examiner, 15 March 1812.
4. Crown Prince Frederick to his father, Frederick William I of Prussia, quoted in Janice Hadlow, The Strangest Family: The Private Lives of George III, Queen Charlotte and the Hanoverians (London: William Collins, 2014), p. 136.
5. Ibid., p. 138.
6. Queen Charlotte to her brother Prince Charles of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 17 October 1778, quoted in ibid., p. 224.
7. Queen Charlotte to Prince Charles of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 6 September 1780, quoted in ibid., p. 223.
8. Greig (ed.), Diaries of a Duchess, p. 63.
9. George III to the Duke of Gloucester, Royal Archives, GEO/15939–40.
10. George III to Prince of Wales and Prince Frederick, 3 May 1778, in A. Aspinall (ed.), The Correspondence of George, Prince of Wales 1770–1812, 8 vols (London: Cassell, 1963–71), vol. 1, p. 26.
11. Charlotte Papendiek, lady-in-waiting to Queen Charlotte, quoted in Saul David, Prince of Pleasure: The Prince of Wales and the Making of the Regency (London: Little, Brown, 1998), p. 17.
12. Prince of Wales to Mary Hamilton, 22 August 1779, quoted in Elizabeth and Florence Anson, eds, Mary Hamilton (London: John Murray, 1925), pp. 83–4.
13. George III to Prince of Wales, in ibid., p. 34; Prince of Wales to James Harris, later Earl of Malmesbury, in Third Earl of Malmesbury (ed.), Diaries and Correspondence of James Harris, First Earl of Malmesbury, 4 vols (London: R. Bentley, 1844), vol. 2, p. 125.
14. Henry Reeve (ed.), The Greville Memoirs: A Journal of the Reigns of King George IV and King William IV by the Late Charles C. F. Greville, Esq., 3 vols (London: Longmans, Green & Co., 1875), vol. 1, p. 221.
15. Earl of Ilchester (ed.), Elizabeth, Lady Holland, to Her Son, 1821–1845 (London: John Murray, 1946), p. 77.
16. Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of Prince of Wales, vol. 1, p. 76.
17. Ibid., p. 61.
18. Ibid., p. 148.
1. Prince of Wales to Mary Robinson, quoted in Christopher Hibbert, George IV: Prince of Wales, 1762–1811 (London: Longman, 1972), p. 18.
2. Nathaniel Wraxall, The Historical and the Posthumous Memoirs of Sir Nathaniel William Wraxall, 1772–1784, ed. Henry B. Wheatley, 5 vols (London: Bickers & Son, 1884), vol. 5, p. 364.
3. Prince of Wales to Dr John Turton, quoted in Hibbert, Prince of Wales, p. 249.
4. Lord Holland, quoted in David, Prince of Pleasure, p. 257.
5. George III to Prince of Wales, in Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of Prince of Wales, vol. 1, p. 156.
6. Prince of Wales to Mrs Fitzherbert, in ibid., p. 201.
7. George III to Prince of Wales, in ibid., p. 231.
8. Charles James Fox in the House of Commons, 30 April 1787, in William Cobbett (ed.), The Parliamentary History of England, from the Earliest Period to the Year 1803, vol. 26 (London: Longman et al., 1816), cols 1067–70.
9. George III, quoted in Thomas Moore, Memoirs of the Life of the Right Honourable Richard Brinsley Sheridan, vol. 2 (Paris: A. and W. Galignani, 1825), p. 83.
10. Ida Macalpine and Richard Hunter, George III and the Mad-Business (London: Allen Lane, 1969).
11. Official medical bulletin on the king’s health, quoted in Hibbert, Prince of Wales, p. 97.
12. Edmund Burke to Captain J. W. Payne, 24 September 1789, in Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of Prince of Wales, vol. 2, p. 35.
13. The Times, quoted in ibid., p. 31, n. 2.
14. Charles James Fox to Richard Fitzpatrick, 30 July 1798, quoted in John Drinkwater, Charles James Fox (London: Ernest Benn, 1928), p. 289.
15. Prince of Wales to the Duke of York, 14 April 1793, in Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of Prince of Wales, vol. 2, p. 348.
16. Prince of Wales to Queen Charlotte, 24 January 1793, in ibid., p. 334.
17. Prince of Wales, in ibid., p. 349.
18. Wraxall, Memoirs, vol. 5, p. 36
19. Prince of Wales to Mrs Fitzherbert, quoted in Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of Prince of Wales, vol. 2, p. 443, n. 1.
20. Prince of Wales to Captain J. W. Payne, July 1794, in ibid., p. 442.
21. George III to William Pitt, 24 August 1794, quoted in Earl Stanhope, Life of the Right Honourable William Pitt, vol. 2 (London: John Murray, 1861), Appendix, p. xx.
1. Prince of Wales to the Duke of York, 24 July 1791, in Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of Prince of Wales, vol. 2, pp. 174–5.
2. Prince of Wales to the Duke of York, 29 August 1794, in ibid., p. 433.
3. Queen Charlotte to Duke Charles of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, August 1794, in ibid., vol. 3, p. 9.
4. Malmesbury (ed.), Diaries and Correspondence of James Harris, vol. 3, pp. 165, 168.
5. Ibid., p. 168.
6. Ibid., p. 196.
7. Ibid., p. 208.
8. Ibid., p. 218.
9. James Harris, quoted in David, Prince of Pleasure, p. 169.
10. Queen Victoria’s journal, entries for 2 September and 13 November 1838, quoted in Hibbert, Prince of Wales, p. 160.
11. Prince of Wales to William Pitt, in Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of Prince of Wales, vol. 3, p. 315.
12. Prince of Wales to William Pitt, in ibid., p. 315.
13. William Pitt, in ibid., p. 320.
14. Prince of Wales to Queen Charlotte, 7 January 1796, in ibid., p. 126.
15. George III to the Prince of Wales, 7 January 1796, in A. Aspinall (ed.), The Later Correspondence of George III, vol. 2 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1963), p. 451.
16. Prince of Wales to the Princess of Wales, quoted in Doris Leslie, The Great Corinthian: A Portrait of the Prince Regent (London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1952), pp. 125–6.
17. George III to Prince of Wales, 31 May 1796, in Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of the Prince of Wales, vol. 3, p. 194.
18. Prince of Wales’s will, written on 10 January 1796, in Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of Prince of Wales, vol. 3, p. 135.
19. Prince of Wales to Lady Rutland, quoted in Hibbert, Prince of Wales, p. 171.
20. Prince of Wales, recorded by Baron Glenbervie; quoted in ibid., p. 299.
21. The Times, 18 June 1800.
22. Prince of Wales to Lord Moira, quoted in Hibbert, Prince of Wales, p. 229.
23. Affidavit by the Prince of Wales, quoted in Hibbert, Prince of Wales, p. 240.
24. Princess Elizabeth to the Prince of Wales, 2 August 1797, and Lord Minto to Lady Minto, 1798, in Aspinall (ed.), Correspondence of Prince of Wales, vol. 3, pp. 357, 385.
25. Princess of Wales to Lady Townshend, quoted in Joanna Richardson, The Disastrous Marriage: A Study of George IV and Caroline of Brunswick (London: Jonathan Cape, 1960), p. 66.
26. Lady Bessborough to Granville Leveson Gower, in Castalia, Countess Granville (ed.), Lord Granville Leveson Gower (First Earl Granville): Private Correspondence, 1781 to 1821, vol. 2 (London: John Murray, 1916), pp. 203–4.
27. Quoted in Hibbert, Prince of Wales, vol. 1, p. 219.
28. Prince of Wales to Spencer Perceval, 4 February 1811, quoted in Hibbert, Prince of Wales, p. 279.
1. James Greig (ed.), The Farington Diary, vol. 7 (London: Hutchinson, 1927), p. 22.
2. ‘Drawn Plan of the Tables in the Temporary Room, Carlton House, for the Grand Fête in 1811’, in Frederick Crace, A Catalogue of Maps, Plans, and Views of London, Westminster and Southwark, Collected and Arranged by Frederick Crace (London: 1878), p. 83.
3. Gioachino Rossini, quoted in Christopher Hibbert, George IV: Regent and King, 1811–1830 (London: Allen Lane, 1973), p. 266.
4. The Literary Gazette; and Journal of Belles Lettres, Arts, Sciences, etc., 19 February 1821, p. 316.
5. Prince of Wales to Duke of Wellington, quoted in Hibbert, Regent and King, p. 293.
6. Ibid., p. 26.
7. Ibid., p. 233.
8. James Stanier Clarke to Jane Austen, quoted in Kristin Flieger Samuelian, Royal Romances: Sex, Scandal and Monarchy in Print, 1780–1821 (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010), p. 1.
9. Charles Saumarez Smith, The National Gallery: A Short History (London: Frances Lincoln, 2009), pp. 19–28.
10. Reeve (ed.), Greville Memoirs, vol. 1, p. 240.
11. Ibid., p. 247.
12. George Thomas [Keppel], Earl of Albemarle, Fifty Years of My Life (London: Macmillan, 1877), p. 18.
13. Francis Bamford and the Duke of Wellington (eds), The Journal of Mrs Arbuthnot, 1820–1832, vol. 2 (London: Macmillan, 1950), p. 369.
14. W. H. Pyne, The History of the Royal Residences of Windsor Castle, St James’s Palace, Carlton House, Kensington Palace, Hampton Court, Buckingham House, and Frogmore, vol. 3 (London: A. Dry, 1819), ‘The History of Carlton-House’, pp. 90–92.
15. Alexandra Loske, ‘The Decorative Scheme of the Royal Pavilion, Brighton: George IV’s Design Ideas in the Context of European Colour Theory, 1765–1845’, unpublished PhD thesis, University of Sussex, 2014, p. 172.
16. Ibid., p. 171.
17. Louis J. Jennings (ed.), The Correspondence and Diaries of the Late Right Honourable John Wilson Croker … Secretary to the Admiralty from 1809 to 1830, vol. 1 (London: John Murray, 1884), p. 125; Dorothea Lieven, quoted in Hibbert, Regent and King, p. 126; Reeve (ed.), Greville Memoirs, vol. 1, p. 54.
18. Reeve (ed.), Greville Memoirs, vol. 1, p. 49.
19. Duke of Wellington and Henry Brougham, quoted in Hibbert, Regent and King, p. 102.
20. Lady Brownlow, quoted in Percy Fitzgerald, The Life of George the Fourth, vol. 2 (London: Tinsley Brothers, 1881), pp. 155–6.
21. James Chandler, England in 1819: The Politics of Literary Culture and the Case of Romantic Historicism (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1998), p. 21, n. 43.
1. George Canning, quoted in Kevin Gilmartin, Writing against Revolution: Literary Conservatism in Britain, 1790–1832 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009), p. 146.
2. Reeve (ed.), Greville Memoirs, vol. 1, p. 12.
3. Ibid., p. 23.
4. Ibid., p. 31.
5. Hibbert, Regent and King, p. 153.
6. Ibid., p. 187.
7. Anthony Powell (ed.), Barnard Letters, 1778–1824 (London: Duckworth, 1928), p. 291.
8. Duke of Wellington, quoted in Hibbert, Regent and King, p. 229.
9. Ibid.
10. John Prebble, The King’s Jaunt: George IV in Scotland, August 1822: ‘One and Twenty Daft Days’ (London: Collins, 1988), p. 364.
11. Reeve (ed.), Greville Memoirs, vol. 1, p. 99.
12. Duke of Wellington, quoted in Hibbert, Regent and King, pp. 308–9.
13. Duke of Wellington, Despatches, Correspondence, and Memoranda, vol. 5, 1873, p. 518.
14. George IV, quoted in Lionel G. Robinson (ed.), Letters of Dorothea Lieven during her Residence in London, 1812–1834 (London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1902), p. 187.
15. Reeve (ed.), Greville Memoirs, vol. 1, p. 189.
16. Ibid., p. 209.
17. Hibbert, Regent and King, p. 335.
18. Ibid., p. 338.
19. Reeve (ed.), Greville Memoirs, vol. 2, p. 1.