List of Illustrations
Photographic acknowledgements are given in parentheses.
1. Fête de la Fédération, Champ de Mars, Paris on 14 July 1790. Engraving by Lecoeur based on contemporary drawing by Jacques Swebach-Desfontaines (akg-images)
2. Robespierre guillotining the executioner, having guillotined all French people, 1793 (The Art Archive)
3. Madame de Staël, by François Gérard, c. 1810, Château de Coppet, Switzerland (akg-images/Erich Lessing)
4. François-René de Chateaubriand, engraving by Aubry-Lecomte after Girodet-Trioson, 1823, Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris (Roger-Viollet/ Topfoto)
5. Charles Maurice de Talleyrand, portrait by Ary Scheffer, c. 1830, Musée Condé, Chantilly (akg-images/Erich Lessing)
6. Marie-Joseph-Paul-Yves-Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, portrait by Matthew Harris Jouett, c. 1825, National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution (Scala/Art Resource)
7. A street in old Paris by Gustave Doré, engraving, c. 1860 (Mary Evans Picture Library)
8. Building the avenue de l’Opéra, Paris, during Haussmann’s civil engineering project, c. 1870, photograph by Marville, private collection (The Art Archive/Marc Charmet)
9. Louis-Adolphe Thiers, undated engraving by Bosselman (Mary Evans Picture Library)
10. Eugène Delacroix, self-portrait, 1838, Musée du Louvre, Paris (akg-images/ Erich Lessing)
11. Félicité de Lammenais, undated portrait by Paulin Guérin, Châteaux de Versailles et de Trianon, Versailles (Roger-Viollet/Topfoto)
12. Victor Hugo, photograph by Charles Hugo, c. 1853–5 (adoc-photos)
13. Saint Jean-Marie-Baptiste Vianney, curé d’Ars, engraving, 1855 (Roger-Viollet/Topfoto)
14. Peasants of the Auvergne, anonymous nineteenth-century print (HIP/ Topfoto)
15. Delphine Gay (Madame Émile de Girardin) by Louis Hersent, 1824, Châteaux de Versailles et de Trianon, Versailles (Roger-Viollet/Topfoto)
16. George Sand and Ledru-Rollin, caricature of the election for president of the Club des Femmes, 1848, Musée George Sand et de la Vallée Noire La Châtre (The Art Archive/Gianni Dagli Orti)
17. The Salon of Marie d’Agoult by Jean Béraud, private collection (Mary Evans/Rue des Archives)
18. Spectators applauding at the theatre, lithograph by Benard and Frey, 1837, Bibliothèque des Arts Decoratifs, Paris (Archives Charmet/The Bridgeman Art Library)
19. Ernest Renan, lithograph by A. Fabre, 1865 (Mary Evans Picture Library)
20. Gustave Flaubert, photograph attributed to Nadar, c. 1870 (akg-images)
21. Louise Michel, undated photograph (adoc-photos)
22. Leon Michel Gambetta, undated carte de visite (Mary Evans Picture Library)
23. Edouard Détaille, The Battle of Villejuif, 1870, Musée d’Orsay, Paris (akg-images)
24. Barricade de l’Entrée du Faubourg du Temple, 18 March 1871, photograph attributed to Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri (akg-images)
25. Aristide Briand, caricature by Pohier, c. 1890s (copyright © Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris)
26. Étienne Alexandre Millerand, undated photograph (Roger-Viollet/Topfoto)
27. Joseph Caillaux, undated photograph (Mary Evans/Rue des Archives)
28. Madame Caillaux shoots dead Monsieur Gaston Calmette, Editor of Le Figaro, front cover of Le Petit Journal, 29 March 1914, Musée de La Presse, Paris (Lauros/Giraudon/The Bridgeman Art Library)
29. Trouville, beach view with the casino and the terrace of the Great Salon, photograph, 1900 (Roger-Viollet/Topfoto)
30. Louis Renault in the driver’s seat of a Voiturette Renault 13/4 hp, 1899 (National Motor Museum/HIP/TopFoto)
31. Marguerite Durand, portrait by Jules Cayron, 1897, Bibliothèque Marguerite Durand, Paris (Archives Charmet/The Bridgeman Art Library)
32. Madeleine Pelletier dressed as a man, May 1912, private collection (Archives Charmet/The Bridgeman Art Library)
33. French huntsmen meet in the forest of Chantilly, c. 1900 (Mary Evans Picture Library)
34. Striking button-makers with the flag of the CGT, Méru, Oise, 1909 (Roger-Viollet/Topfoto)
35. Charles Péguy, photograph, c. 1897, Centre Charles Péguy, Orléans (akg-images)
36. Marc Sangnier, c. 1910, Archives Larousse, Paris (Giraudon/Bridgeman Art Library)
37. Raïssa Maritain, 1905, photograph from Jacques Maritain, Carnet des Notes
38. Ernest Psichari, 1912 (Roger-Viollet/Topfoto)
39. Émile François Chatrousse, Joan of Arc and Vercingétorix, painted plaster sculpture, 1870, Musée Roger Guilliot, Clermont-Ferrand (Roger-Viollet/ Topfoto)
40. Lyautey presiding over the meeting between General Gouraud and General Baumgarten, at the time of the French Protectorate, May 1914 (Mary Evans/ Rue des Archives)
41. Little Red Riding Hood, caricature of the Fashoda crisis in Le Petit Journal, 1898 (The Art Archive/Gianni Dagli Orti)
42. Speech of Jean Jaurès on 25 May 1913, during the demonstration against the Three Year military service law, Pré-Saint-Gervais (Roger-Viollet/Topfoto)
43. French troops transported by taxi to the front, battle of the Marne, September 1914 (Roger Viollet/Topfoto)