Index

The page references in this index correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the index, please use the search feature of your ebook reader.

All paintings are Constable’s unless otherwise specified.

Abergavenny (ship) 93–4

Ackermann’s Repository of Art 85

AGBI see Artists’ General Benevolent Institution

Agnews 318

Albus, Anita 9–10

Algarotti, Count Francesco: Essay on Painting 13–14

Allen, Jane (née Watts) 14

Allen, Thomas 14

Allen, Lieutenant Thomas 77

Allnutt, John 70

Allston, Washington 103

Alston, Edward 136

Altree, W.W. 288

Andrew, Reverend Dr James: portrait of (1818) 103

Appleton, Mr (tub-maker) 154

Archbutt, Samuel 308

Archer-Burton, Lancelot (formerly South) 306, 308

Arnold, Mrs Charles 89

Arnold, J.W. 235

Arrowsmith, John 123, 150, 152, 153, 154, 159, 164, 167, 210, 258

Artists’ General Benevolent Institution (AGBI) 103, 110, 165, 178, 246, 253, 300–1

Arundel Mill and Castle (1837) 297, 300, 305, 306

Ashmolean Museum, Oxford 317

Athenaeum 215, 248, 276, 291

Atkinson, Christopher, MP 20

Atkinson, Mary 310

Austen, Jane

Sanditon 146

Sense and Sensibility 55

Autumn Wood, An (1816) 85

Aylesbury, Marquess of 152

Baillie, Dr Matthew 137

Baily, E.B. 100

Bannister, Jack 168, 178, 226, 251, 286, 294

Barge on the Stour, A (1827) 179

Barge Passing a Lock, A (c. 1823) 138, 139

Baring, Maurice xv

Barnwell, Reverend F.H. 79

Beauchamp, John: foundry 239

Beaumont, Sir George 12; introduces Constable to Claude 12–13, 23, 29, 182; as mentor to Constable 13, 28, 36, 176, 234; as artist 39, 144; other protegés 46, 249, 250; relationship with Constable 13, 66, 142–3, 144–5, 152, 166; on Bourdon 267; erects memorial to Reynolds 288–90; death 176; bequest to Lawrence 209

Beaumont, Lady 7, 12, 36, 142

Beauvoir, Richard Benyon de 237, 243, 244, 245

Beckett, Ronald: John Constable’s Correspondence xvi–xvii

Beckford, William: Fonthill 141–2

Beechey, Sir William 100, 220, 287, 306

Bell, Clive 318

Bell’s Weekly Messenger 122, 291, 303

Berchem, Nicolaes 268, 272, 288

Bickmore, W.E. 279, 283

Bicknell, Catherine (Maria’s sister) 67, 83, 108, 121, 145

Bicknell, Charles (Maria’s father) 8, 27, 49–50, 52; and Constable’s courtship of his daughter 50, 54, 55, 56, 62, 63, 74, 81, 84, 87; offended by Constable 70; inherits from Dr Rhudde 79; and his daughter’s wedding 91, 95; tries to influence Constable’s Academy election 91; gives Maria an allowance 96, 108; his Putney cottage 96; becomes godfather to the Constables’ first son 101; convalesces in Brighton 173; complains of being hard up 175; death 182; bequests to his daughters 182, 306

Bicknell, Durand (Maria’s brother) 51, 145

Bicknell, Maria Elizabeth (née Rhudde; Maria’s mother) 8, 27, 50, 51, 62–3, 68, 76–7, 79

Bicknell, Louisa (Maria’s sister) see Sanford, Louisa

Bicknell, Maria see Constable, Maria

Bicknell, Samuel (Maria’s brother) 63, 108, 121, 145

Bigg, W.R. 100, 154, 190–91

Blackwood’s magazine 277, 305

Blake, William 109, 112, 177–8, 251

Bloomfield, Robert: The Farmer’s Boy 69, 128, 129

Blower, Mr (headmaster) 4

Boat-Building (1814–15) 73, 76

Boat Passing a Lock, A (1829) 215

Bogdani, Mrs (née Rhudde) 8, 50

Bogdani, William 8, 50

Boner, Charles: as tutor to Constable’s sons 203–4, 206, 240, 241, 242; as Constable’s factotum 239, 255, 262; Constable’s letters to 235, 244, 247, 252, 270, 271, 274, 283; becomes tutor in Germany 270, 312; regrets not being Constable’s biographer 312

Bonington, Richard Parkes 111–12, 181

Borrowdale… (1806) 38

Both, Jan 272, 288

Boucher, François 269, 272

Bourdon, Sébastien 267

Bourgeois, Sir Francis 34

Bowen, Captain 179

Boys Fishing (1813) 65, 66, 67

Bradstreet, Robert 16

Brantham church, Suffolk: Christ Blessing the Children (c. 1804) 36, 43

Bridge, The (View on the Stour, near Dedham) (1822) 124, 125, 135, 137, 150

Bridgeman, Reverend George: portrait of 67

Bridges, George, and family: portrait of 34

Briggs, Henry 244

Brighton, Sussex 153, 156, 157–9, 165, 168, 174, 185

Brightwell Church and Village (1815) 79

British Institution exhibitions 66, 137, 152, 206; (1813) 67; (1814) 70; (1819) 106; (1822) 123; (1825) 159, 164; (1828) 181; (1829) 194–5

British Museum, London 14, 311, 317

Britton, John 215

Brookes, Joshua 28

Brougham, Henry Brougham, Baron 226

Bryan, Michael: art gallery 24

Buckinghamshire (ship) 280, 281, 293, 294, 309, 313

Burnet, John 53

Byron, George Gordon, Lord 66, 151

Cadogan, Lord 152

Callcott, Augustus Wall 139, 177, 193, 292

Canning, George 177

Carlisle, Anthony 42

Caroline, Queen 114–15, 226

Carpenter, James 67, 120, 166, 215, 313

Carpenter, William 215, 251, 272, 278, 306, 307, 308

Carracci, Annibale 22, 267

Cary, F.S. 311

Cenotaph, The (1833–36) 237, 288–91, 289, 297, 317

Chain Pier, Brighton, The (1827) 176–7, 181, 307

Chalon, Alfred 191, 248

Chalon, John 278

Chantrey, Francis 171, 182, 184, 193–4, 248, 258, 287, 292

Charles X, of France 160

Chiverton, Thomas 225–6

Christie’s (auctioneers) 246, 257, 316

Clark, Kenneth 318

Claude Lorrain 12–13, 82, 126, 267, 307; influence on Constable 13, 36, 52, 53, 71, 72, 176; pictures copied by Constable 18, 119, 143–4, 272, 315

Hagar and the Angel 12–13, 23, 29, 182

Landscape with Goatherd and Goats 143–4

Liber Veritatis 211

Clerk, Mr and Mrs Walter 103, 107, 284–5

Cloud Study (with verses from Bloomfield) (c. 1822) 129

Cobbett, William 115, 118, 274

Cobbold, Elizabeth 16, 17

Cobbold, Harriet 34

Cobbold, Sophia 34

Coleorton Hall, Leicestershire 12, 142–5; monument to Reynolds 237, 288–90

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor 39, 40, 219

Collins, William 111, 117, 177; relationship with Constable 111, 138, 163, 182, 195, 251; his work criticised by Constable 111, 251, 295; criticism of Constable’s work 121; on Constable after his death 252

Colnaghi, Dominic: Constable to 187

Colnaghi, Paul 150

Colnaghis, the 214, 218

Constable, Abram (uncle) 2, 6

Constable, Abram (brother): birth 5; starts work in family business 17; as family intermediary and messenger 43, 51; and mother’s funeral 75–6; and Dr Rhudde 76, 88, 94, 95; deals with family affairs 86, 107, 109; portrait (c. 1806) 104; sets up house with sister (Mary) 104; and The Hay Wain 121; and agricultural depression 123, 135; praises Johnny Dunthorne 151; sends money to Constable 166; illness and his brother’s visit 172; tries to put Constable off from visiting 178; pleased by Bicknell bequest 182–3; cheerful letters to Constable 184, 187; visits Constable on Maria’s death 188–9; and Constable’s election 191–2; and death of his dog 198; advises Constable to make allowances for Golding 199; praises Mrs Roberts 202; has Constable to stay 225, 236, 274; cheers Constable when ill 229; as uncle 229, 241; and Charley’s schooling 239; receives Christmas port from Constable 246; and Constable’s reviews 277, 290; gets Charley posting on ship 280; brings linseed oil for Lucas 283–4; involved in ‘vast works’ on lock gates 284; and Mary’s land purchase 284; at Constable’s funeral 303; money owed to Constable 306; discord with nephews and nieces 309; has Alfred to stay 311; on his brother’s paintings 9, 243, 244, 313

Constable, Alfred Abram (‘Alfie’; son): birth and christening 175; illness 176, 185; childhood 203, 230, 280, 311; education 239, 241, 282–3; in Hampstead 293, 296; exhibits at Royal Academy 311; death 312

Constable, Ann (née Watts) (mother): marriage 2–3; and Constable’s schooling 4; her ‘connections’ 7, 11–12, 19; and the Dunthornes 10, 11, 68–9, 75; and J.T. Smith 17; her hopes for Constable’s future 8, 17, 58, 73; keeps Constable abreast of village news 20–21, 25, 43–4, 46–7, 74; portrait (c. 1803) 35, 35; worried about husband’s health 43; approves of Constable’s courtship of Maria 49, 57–8; recognises the importance of Dr Rhudde 50–51, 58–9, 75; maternal worries 51–2, 56; offended by Maria’s brother 63; stroke and death 75, 80

Constable, Ann (sister): childhood 3, 5–6; and father’s death 86; runs dog kennels 87; invites the Constables to stay 94, 95, 98; and sale of family house 103, 104; portrait 105; as godmother to Maria Louisa 108; in a prickly mood 121; house burgled 135; apologises to Constable for ‘some passing clouds’ 188; praises Johnny Dunthorne 204–5

Constable, Charles Golding (‘Charley’; son): birth 120, 162–3; childhood 144, 164, 166, 173, 203, 238, 240; portraits 238, 300; and Mrs Roberts 202, 309; tutored by Boner 203–4, 206; at school in Folkestone 206, 239–40, 241–2; interest in drawing 240–41, 311; goes to sea 279–82, 293–4, 309; marriages 309; children 309; friction with sisters 310–11; denounces Constable pictures as fakes 311; and his brothers’ artistic talents 311–12; approves of Leslie’s Life 313; on The Cornfield 170–71

Constable, Emily (‘Emma’; daughter) 162–3, 173, 202, 203, 225, 246, 282, 284, 293, 310

Constable, George (friend) 228, 241, 253, 257, 297, 316; Constable to 249–50, 276, 282, 290, 293

Constable, Golding (father) 2; marriage 2–3; business 6, 11, 73; and Constable’s future 4, 8; and Constable’s artistic career 10, 15, 17, 19–20, 28, 29, 34, 42, 43; ill health 52, 56; repairs Dedham Mill 47; saves employee from press gang 52; sends Constable advice and cash 57; worried by criticism of Constable’s work 59; approves of his portrait work 60; further illness 74; makes a will 76; portrait (1815) 78; toasts Constable’s health 78; given private view of Wheat Field 85; illness and death 85–6

Constable, Golding (brother) 3, 5, 9, 25, 36, 82, 103–4, 147, 180, 284, 303, 308; Constable’s letters to 151, 180, 189, 198, 199

Constable, Hugh Golding (grandson) 311

Constable, Isabel (daughter) 136, 153, 154, 173, 203, 222, 225, 284, 293, 311, 317

Constable, John

17761810 birth and christening 2; childhood 4–5; schooling 1, 3–4, 8, 203, 282; works in family business 8–10, 15; early illustrations 9; adolescence 10, 11; on painting expeditions with John Dunthorne (q.v.) 10–11; and his mother’s contacts 11–12; introduced to Sir George Beaumont and Claude (qq.v.) 12–13; early landscape 13; early influences and mentors 13–17, 19; introduced to Farington (q.v.) 17; becomes Probationer at Royal Academy 18, see under Royal Academy; relationship with Reinagle 18, 19, 21, 27; summer in East Bergholt 19–20; first year as Royal Academy student 21–5; paints at Helmingham Park 25–6; sees Maria Bicknell 26, 26–7; stays with sister and family 28; on Peak District sketching tour 28; at anatomy lectures 28–9; picture accepted for 1802 Academy exhibition 29 (for subsequent exhibition entries see Royal Academy: Exhibitions); advised against accepting post as drawing master 29; determined to study nature 30; suffers from neuralgia and toothache 30; voyage on the Coutts 32–3; critical of Academy art 33–4; sketches on Orwell River 34; paints portraits of villagers 34–5, and altarpieces 36; supported by relatives 36–7; success as portraitist 37, 38, 39; tours Lake District 37–40; friendships with Wilkie, Haydon and Jackson 40, 45–6; puts name in for Academy elections 40, 42, see under Royal Academy; support and criticism from his uncle 42–3; short of money 43; avoids military service 44; plein-air painting in Suffolk 44; stays with connections and relations 46–7; romance blossoms with Maria Bicknell 74–8; ‘finds himself’ as a painter 48

181019 and ups and downs of courtship 49, 51, 54–8, 60–3, 64; copies watercolour of East Bergholt church for Dr Rhudde 51; paints at Bergholt ‘from nature’ 52–3; receives advice from uncle on 35th birthday 53–4; gets to know John Fisher (q.v.) 54; landscapes gaining approval 59; continued popularity as portrait painter 59–60; fondness for Johnny Dunthorne (q.v.) 60; and Charlotte Street fire 64–5; dinner with Turner (q.v.) 65–6; walks with Stothard 66; at British Institution banquet 66; finally free of debt 67; courtship continues 67–8, 69, 70–72; unintentionally offends Maria’s father 70; delights in Thames estuary 71; paints in East Bergholt 72–3; back in London 74; more frequent meetings with Maria 74; and mother’s death 75–6; and cousin’s death at Waterloo 77; hard at work in London 77, and East Bergholt 79–80; worries about Maria’s health and about money 81; and land enclosure at East Bergholt 82; breakdown of friendship with Dunthorne 83; offends Dr Rhudde 83–4; makes up mind to marry without further delay 84, 87; and father’s death and his inheritance 85–6; pre-wedding nerves 88; wedding 89–91; on honeymoon with the Fishers 92–4; back in Charlotte Street with Maria 94; apologises to her father but makes no progress with Dr Rhudde 94–5, 105; hunts for new home 96; with Maria in East Bergholt 98–100; dinner at Farington’s 101; and birth of first child 101; begins to think of pictures on a larger scale 101; sells landscapes 102; busy with portraits 102–3; elected to directorship of AGBI 103; sells The White Horse 107; inherits from Dr Rhudde 108; and second child 108

181925 a ‘change of air’ in Hampstead 108–9; autumn in Flatford 109–10; finally elected Associate member 110–11; inherits from aunt 115; at George IV’s birthday dinner 117; takes Maria and children to Fishers’ 117–18; on sketching trips with John Fisher 118–19; reads White’s History of Selborne 119–20; and birth of third child 120; gets Johnny Dunthorne to draw wagon for The Hay Wain 121; in Suffolk at Easter (1821) 121; and French interest in The Hay Wain 122–3; money problems 123; with Maria on Hampstead Heath 123; commissioned to paint Manningtree church altarpiece 123, 134, 136; joins Fisher in Salisbury 124; draws boats for Fisher 125; ‘skying’ on Hampstead Heath 125–8, 130–32; buys Farington’s house in Charlotte Street 133–4; in court as witness against neighbouring bawdy house 134; and agricultural distress in Suffolk 135; and birth of fourth child 136–7; depressed and run-down 137–8; in trouble for repeating gossip 138; health and mood improve 139–40; stays in Southgate with Judkin 140; has ‘great row’ with Turner and Collins 140; visits Fisher 140–41; makes trip to Fonthill 141–2; looks after Fisher’s dog 142; calls on niece 142–3; stays with Beaumont at Coleorton Hall 142, 143–5, 146; suffers from neuralgia 145; worries about Maria’s health 145; recommends brother to Countess of Lysart 147; sells pictures 149–50; cheered by Johnny Dunthorne’s help and companionship 151–2; paintings successful in France 152–3, 159–60; sends Maria and children to Brighton 153, 154–6; leads split existence 153, 154; writes journal for Maria 154, 155–6, 165–6; suffers stomach pains 155–6; in Brighton 157–9; awarded gold medal by Charles X 160, 164

182531 further illness and depression 159; worries about Maria and the children 164–5; and Beaumont’s visit 166; accepts Stothard’s alterations 166; quarrels with French dealer 167; with Maria in Brighton 168–9; awarded another gold medal 169; and Abram’s illness 172; and his children 173; takes Maria to Hampstead 173–4; back in Brighton 174–5; and birth of sixth child 175; finds permanent Hampstead home 175–6; concerned about Blake’s widow 177–8; friendship with Jack Bannister 178; takes oldest children to Flatford Mill 178–80; and birth of last child 181; very worried about Maria 181, 182; lobbies Academy members 181–2; and Maria’s inheritance from her father 182–3; and Johnny Dunthorne’s departure 183, 204–6; disheartened by 1828 exhibition 183–4; and Maria’s death 185–7, 188–90; finally elected as Academician 191–2; social engagements 194–5; takes oldest children to the Fishers’ 195–7; buys back two paintings from Fisher 198; and Lawrence’s death 199; and his children 200–3; and their schooling 203–4; enters their names in family Bible (1831) 206; attends Academy meetings and assemblies 206–7; joins Arrangement Committee 207; and mix-up over Water Meadows at Salisbury 207–9; presents Reynolds’s palette to the Academy 209; begins work on English Landscape (q.v.) 210, see also Lucas, David; sketched by Maclise (c. 1831) 220, 221; ill health 220, 222; as Visitor at Life School 220, 221–2; hanging arrangements annoy Turner 223–4; takes girls to Dedham 225; writes obituary for farmworker 225–6; gives celebratory dinner 226; at coronation of William IV 226–7; further illness and depression 227, 228–9; and support from the Leslies 229–30

183237 and after works himself back into painting routine 230; exhibits Whitehall Stairs 230–32; and Johnny Dunthorne’s illness and death 232–3, 235–6; takes boys to lecture on volcanoes 238; and John Fisher’s death 233–4; borrows a Ruysdael from Peel 234–5; and Reinagle’s unsuccessful sale 235; further anxieties about the children and their education 238–40, 241–2; takes pleasure in his children 240–41; in Folkestone with John Charles 241, 242; drawings and paintings 242, 242; Englefield House commission 237, 242–3, 244–6; finds Wells an irritant 243, 244; has time for happier jobs 246; upset by painting going for next to nothing at auction 246–7; and deaths of friends 247, 249–50; and departure of Leslie to America 247–9; and Wilkie 250–51, Linnell 251–2, Lane 252–3, and George Constable 253; concern with the needy 253–4; rheumatic fever 255–6; at Lord Egremont’s 257–60; sketches House of Parliament fire 260–61; further depression 261; altercation with Lucas 261–2; supports him in Academy election 264; lectures on art 217, 265–73, 293; his mezzotints of The Lock and The Cornfield criticised 274–5; sells The Valley Farm 276-7; and Landseer’s cat 277; cannot stop working on paintings 277–8; and Charley’s departure to sea 280–82; becomes owner of Bergholt land 284–5; friendship with Leslie (q.v.) 286–7, and Rogers 287–8; pestered by ‘sparrows’ 288; his entries for final exhibition at Somerset House 288–92; at farewell dinner 292; as Visitor of Life School 293, 298–9; 60th birthday 293; sends pictures to Worcester exhibition 293; and Charley’s return from first voyage 293–4; socialises with Leslie and Wilkie 294–5, 296; last days 299–301; death 301–2, 303; death masks 302, 303; funeral 303–4; assets 306–7; sale of works 307, 308; posthumous reputation 314–17, 318–19

personal traits etc: appearance 20, 40, 44; and children 101, 200, 201, 203, 240; depression 66, 137, 159, 180, 261; friendships 111, see Dunthorne, John and John, the Younger, Farington, Joseph, Fisher, John, Leslie, Charles R.; generosity/a giver 103, 140, 165–6, 177–8, 179, 253–4, 300; good with birds 156; and grief 75–6, 188, 189; melancholy 24, 27, 54, 112; moodiness 21; obsessional concentration 40, 92; and other artists 111–12, see also Collins, William, Turner, J.M.W.; and political issues 114–15, 223, 226, 227–8, 274; prickliness 111; reaction to compliments 112; and religion 28–9, 68; sarcasm 111; spelling 60, 203; see also Leslie, Charles: Memoirs…

Constable, John Charles (son): birth and christening 101; childhood 103, 108, 117, 119, 120, 125, 153, 154, 159; illness 137; with his father 178–80, 195, 196, 197, 200, 201, 202, 238, 240; with Mrs Roberts in Brighton 202; tutored by Boner 203–4; worried by sister’s illness 206; portrait 238; sleepwalks 238; scientific interests 239, 240, 241, 257, 267; joins brother in Folkestone school 240; sleepwalks again and injures leg 241; has rheumatic fever 255; stays with George Constable 257, 282; in France 283; studies and helps father 283; in Flatford 284, 293; works for Cambridge entrance 283, 299; and Constable’s death 301, 303–4; and his father’s pictures 306, 307, 308, 316; transfers colleges to be with friend 307; and sister’s death 310; death 310

Constable, Lionel Bicknell (son) 180–81, 200, 203, 239, 241, 283, 293, 311–12, 317

Constable, Maria (née Bicknell; wife) xvii; first seen by Constable as a child 26, 26–7, 46; Constable falls in love with 47–8, 49–50; and death of brother 51; in Worcestershire with half-sister 51, 52; and Constable’s courtship 54–5, 55–9, 60, 61, 62–3, 64, 67–8, 69; ill health 68; and Constable’s unintended slight to her father 70; further meetings with Constable 71, 74, 77; cross at his propensity to avoid notice 73; and death of her dog 81; exasperated by Constable’s painting 82; regards John Dunthorne as unfit friend for Constable 83; further illness 84; and Constable’s determination to marry as soon as possible 84, 87; given new dog by him 87; wedding 88–91; portrait (1816) 90; on honeymoon with Fishers 92–4; married life 94; miscarriage and first pregnancy 95; with father and sister in Putney 96; with Constable in East Bergholt 98; birth of first child 101; inherits from grandfather 105, 108; birth of second child 108; moves to Hampstead 108–9; accompanies Constable to thank Farington for help in election 111; with Constable at the Fishers’ 117; back in Hampstead 119; birth of third child 120; and death of brother 121; left with new baby by Constable 121, 123; ‘placid and contented’ in Hampstead 125; moves into Charlotte Street house 133; back in Hampstead 134; birth of fourth child 136; ‘extremely delicate’ and needing care 137–8; and Constable’s visit to Sir George Beaumont 142, 144; health deteriorates 145–6; in Brighton 152, 153, 154–5, 158; returns to London 159; birth of fifth child 162–3; does not recover in Hampstead 164; with Constable in Brighton 168; amused by Poussin’s letters 169; with her sister and daughter in Putney 173; birth of sixth child 173, 174, 175; ‘extream weakness’ 175, 180; birth of seventh child 180–81; inherits from her father 182; portrait 186; last months and death 185–8;

Constable, Maria Louisa (‘Minna’; daughter): birth and christening 108, 115; childhood 117, 119, 125, 153, 157, 159, 164, 173; with father at Flatford 178–9; and mother’s death 185, 197; with father in Salisbury 195, 196, 197; illness 200; schooling 200; with ‘her foolish aunt’ 202, 228, 284, 293; tries to fill mother’s role 202–3, 282; further illness 206, 232; with father at Dedham 225; missed by Constable at Christmas 228; and Constable’s pictures 310–11, 313, 316; friction with brother 311; death 317

Constable, Martha (sister) see Whalley, Martha

Constable, Mary (sister): birth 5; character 6; and Constable 5, 21, 57, 70; and his marriage and Dr Rhudde 94, 95; joins Abram in Flatford Mill house 104; portrait 105; sends presents to Constable 136, 169; and life in East Bergholt 151, 152, 172; and visits from Constable and his children 178, 225, 236; offers to distribute Constable’s ‘winter comforts’ to villagers 254; suggests cure for rheumatic fever 256; buys land 284, 285; has Alfred to stay 311

Constable, Minna see Constable, Maria Louisa

Constable, Sidey (cousin) 32, 246, 254, 279

Cook, Captain James 32

Cook, Richard 124, 134, 201

Cookson, Christopher 216

Cooper, Abraham 100, 207–8

Cornfield, The (1826) 170–72, 173, 180, 193, 306, 314, 317; mezzotints 217, 261, 274, 275

Cotman, John Sell 307

Cottage, A (1823) 139

Cottage in a Cornfield (1817) 97

Cottage in a Cornfield, A (1833) 246, 317

Country Road, A (1794) 13

Cousins, Samuel 264

Coutts (ship) 32–3, 192, 259, 281, 309

Cowper, William 301

Coxe, Peter 140, 152

Cozens, Alexander 12, 36, 143, 176, 269

Cozens, John Robert 272

Cranch, John 14–15, 18–19

Crotch, Dr William 36–7, 42

Daguerre, Louis 150

Dale, Lucy 134

Danby, Francis 191

Daniell, Thomas 124

Daniell, William 124, 134

Darby, Francis 163, 164, 316

Darwin, Charles 240

David, Jacques-Louis 269

Davis, Dr 213, 220

Dawe, George: Eliza O’Neill 77

Dedham 2; church 2, 100, 136n, 162, 320; Duke of Marlborough 2, 183; Grammar School 3, 4, 8; watermill 6, 8, 9

Dedham Lock and Mill (1817) 97

Dedham Lock and Mill (1818) 101–2, 102

Dedham Mill and Church (1821) 119

Dedham Vale (1802) 13, 30, 182

Dedham Vale (1828) 182, 184, 250

Dedham Vale (1836 engraving) 293

Dedham Vale: Morning (1811) 52

Delacroix, Eugène 117, 150, 159, 164, 181, 314, 318

Massacre at Scio 159

Dell Scene (1830) 207

Desborough, Ettie xv

De Wint, Peter 215

Dickens, Charles 109, 146, 230, 249

Didot, Firmin 164

Dog Watching a Watervole, A (1831) 225, 225

Dover, Agar Ellis, Lord 218–19

Drew, Mr (apothecary) 144, 155, 220, 240

Driffield, Reverend Walter W. 2, 71, 88, 99, 136n, 192

Dubois, Edward 112, 194, 223, 224, 232, 246, 247, 277, 290

Dughet, Gaspar 24, 33

Dunthorne, Hannah (née Bird) 10, 75

Dunthorne, Hannah (daughter) 10, 183

Dunthorne, John: painting expeditions with Constable 10–11, 13, 17, 24, 26, 169; unwell and missing Constable 24–5; impecunious 47; inscribes plaque for Constable drawing 51; marriage 10, 75; thriving 60; regarded as unfit companion for Constable 83, 121; gains respect 152; thrilled at Constables receiving Bicknell bequest 183; pleased at Constable’s election 192; and his son’s death 236; sent mezzotints by Constable 274; death 236; Constable’s letters to xvi, 18, 22–3, 24, 27, 28, 29–30, 32, 33, 68

Dunthorne, John, the younger (Johnny) 10; as his father’s greatest gift to Constable 60, 68–9; provides Constable with sketches of wagon for The Hay Wain 121, 151; becomes Constable’s apprentice and companion 151–2, 153, 154, 159, 160, 163, 166, 167, 168; success as artist and restorer 152, 178, 183, 204–6; paints portrait of Abram Constable’s dog 198; taken to British Institution party by Constable 206; keeps Constable’s sister informed about his health 229; illness and death 232–3, 235–6

A Country Lane 152

A Glade in a Wood (1827) 177

Self-portrait 205

Dunthorne, Thomas 206

Dysart, Countess of 60, 70

Dysart, Lady Louisa Manners, Countess of 25; sits to Constable 67; a good patron to him 85, 119, 140; employs Golding Constable as warden 147, 180; makes gifts of venison to Constable 147, 178, 226, 296; relations with Constable 202, 246, 253, 258

Dysart, William Tollemache, 6th Earl of 25, 42, 43, 59, 70, 147

Eagles, Reverend John 117, 277, 305–6

East Bergholt, Suffolk 3, 11, 19–20, 31, 44, 47, 52–3, 71, 78–9, 107–8, 319–20; Church 44, 236, 319; Constable windmill 2, 8, 80; fair (1815) 79; enclosure of common 82; Fen Lane 1, 99–100, 170; Moss Cottage 20, 319; Old Hall Park 99

East Bergholt, Suffolk (print) 216, 263

East Bergholt Church (1810) 44–5

East Bergholt Church (1817) 97

East Bergholt House 3, 4–5, 67, 20, 47, 79–80; sale of 86, 103, 104

East Bergholt House (mezzotint) 118

East India Company 280

Eastlake, Charles 112, 191, 226

Edge of a Wood, The (1802) 29

Egremont, George Wyndham, 3rd Earl of 229, 257–9, 260

Elizabeth House, Hampstead (Miss Noble’s school) 200, 203, 206, 282, 299

Elm trees in Old Hall Park, East Bergholt (1817) 99

Englefield House (1833) 237, 242, 243, 244–6, 252

English Landscape (book of mezzotints) 130, 210–19, 220, 221, 227, 233, 239, 241, 246, 252, 253, 261, 262–3, 265, 307, 313

Esk House (1806) 39

Etty, William 182, 184, 222, 228, 292, 298, 299

Evans, Dr Herbert 187, 189, 195, 206, 238, 255, 303, 306, 310

Everard, Mrs (East Bergholt widow) 51, 59

Examiner, The 45, 59, 65, 76, 85, 106, 116, 122, 135, 171

Faraday, Michael 267, 268, 306

Farington, Joseph: Constable introduced to 17; and Constable’s admission as Academy Probationer 18; on Reinagle’s sisters 21; lends Constable Wilson picture to copy 23; as Constable’s confidant 24, 34, 53, 62, 87, 95, 100–1, 102, 250; meets Constable in Dovedale 28; advises him against accepting post as drawing master 29, and to study nature 30; thinks Dedham Vale ‘rather too cold’ 30; goes abroad 31; dreams of French invasion 33; and civil war in the Academy 34; hears from Constable of Watts/West contretemps 37, and of Wordsworth 39, 40; and Constable’s election as Associate member 40, 42, 45, 71, 91, 110, 111; critical of Watts 42; advises Constable on his landscapes 44, 135; encourages him 52; present at erection of Reynolds memorial 290; lives opposite Constable 55, 64; approves of Boys Fishing 66; advises Constable on new house 96; invites Constable to dinner 101; gives advice on The White Horse 106; at King’s birthday dinner 117; and The Hay Wain 119, 120, 121; death 124; his house occupied by Constable 133, 165

Farmhouse near the water’s edge (c. 1834) 289

Farmyard by a Navigable River in SuffolkSummer Morning (1836) 293

Farnham, Harriet 83

Fen Lane, East Bergholt (1817, unfinished) 99–100

Fisher, Dorothea 103, 119, 136

Fisher, Elizabeth see Mirehouse, Elizabeth

Fisher, Emma 141, 200

Fisher, Frank 141, 197

Fisher, Dr John, Bishop of Salisbury: takes interest in Constable’s career 19, 29, 234; portraits painted by Constable 54, 59, 60 (1811–12), 103 (1818); at Reynolds exhibition 66; continues to support Constable 68; conducts son’s wedding 87; has the Constables to stay 92; and death of George III 114; commissions Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop’s Grounds 119, 128, 136, and a sunnier Salisbury Cathedral 134, 139, 141; death 164

Fisher, Reverend (later Archdeacon) John: friendship with Constable 4, 54, 65, 68, 111, 247, 296; gives advice on his paintings 65; marriage 87; marries Constable and Maria 88, 89, 91; invites them to honeymoon in Osmington 92–4; names Constable’s new home 96; portrait (1817) 97, 97; appointed Archdeacon of Berkshire 107; buys Constable’s White Horse 107; as godfather to Constable’s first daughter 108; congratulates Constable on his election 110; translates Latin epigraph for him 216; buys Stratford Mill for Tinney 116; has Constable and family to stay in Salisbury 117–18; reminds him to paint eclipse 118–19; encourages him to work on ‘Waterloo Bridge’ 119; and two sudden deaths 119; recommends that Constable read White’s Selborne 119–20; on the atmosphere at the Exhibition 121–2; lends Constable money 123; takes him sketching 123; invites him to Salisbury 124; asks Constable to find him a boat 125; consoles him on his failure to be elected 134; cannot afford The Hay Wain 135, 140, 150; moves back to Osmington 137; perceptive about Constable 140; and Constable’s visit 141, 142; visits Fonthill with him 141–2; hopes to buy a Constable picture 148; and Constable’s success in France 153, 159; suggests he vary his subject matter 161; lends his Constable paintings to Lille museum 164; urges Constable to rid himself of anxiety 165; and Constable’s dispute with Arrowsmith 167–8; busy with ecclesiastical duties 174; suggests Constable write down his thoughts 174, 265; wants to write Constable’s biography 174, 312; lends him money again 176; praises Chain Pier, Brighton 177; feels Constable will cope with his bereavement 188, 189; pleased at Constable’s election as Academician 190, 191, 196; advises him not to work so hard 195; with Constable and his children in Salisbury 195–7, 223; praises Minna 197; money problems and asks Constable to buy back pictures 198; a Siberian winter in Osmington 199; does not want daughter to read ‘morbid’ stories 200; tells Constable of flogging at Eton 203; hears of Johnny Dunthorne’s skills as a restorer 205; recommends Constable makes lithographs of his pictures 211; and Constable’s dedication of English Landscape 218; and political climate 228; his sudden death and its effect on Constable 233–4; Constable’s letters to 111, 116, 117, 120, 126–7, 130–31, 133, 134, 135, 137, 139–40, 149, 151, 157, 158, 159–60, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 181, 183, 188, 193, 205, 207, 209, 210, 234, 242, 258, 312

Fisher, Mary 92, 93, 117, 141, 142, 197, 199; portrait (1816) 93, 97; Constable to 234

Fisher, Osmond 141, 197, 203, 307, 310

Fisher, William (‘Belim’) 141

Fisk, W.H. 288

Fitzhugh, Philadelphia (née Godfrey) 72–3, 76

Fitzhugh, Thomas 72, 73

Flatford, Suffolk 109–10; dry dock 73; watermill 6, 8, 9; see also East Bergholt House

Flatford Mill (1816–17) 89

Flatford Mill from the Lock (1812) 59

Flatford Mill House 104

Flaxman, John 22, 181

Fletcher, Sarah (née Bicknell) see Skey, Sarah

Folkestone (1833) 242, 242

Fontaine (destitute organist) 165–6, 253

Fonthill, Wiltshire 141–2

Forbin, Comte Auguste de 159

Forster, Thomas: Researches about Atmospheric Phaenomena 128

France: at war with 16, 31, 33, 82, 77, 172; Constable’s success in 159–60; John Charles Constable in 283

Freer, Mary: portrait of (1809) 46

Freud, Lucian xv, 319

Frick, Henry Clay 316

Frith, Mr (music teacher) 200

Frith, W.P. 207, 222, 235

Frost, George 17, 34, 307

Fry, Roger 318

Fuseli, Henry 22, 31, 126, 139

Gainsborough, Thomas 12, 16, 19, 25, 29, 36, 37, 45, 53, 210, 229, 257, 269, 297, 307

Gardner, David 38

Gardner, George 38

Gates, John 7

Gentleman’s Magazine 77, 194, 260

George III 7, 19, 34, 49, 92, 114, 137

George IV (formerly Prince Regent) 49–50, 98, 114, 116, 148, 153, 226, 230

Géricault, Théodore 122, 150

Gessner, Saloman 87

Gillingham, Dorset 117, 118, 141, 142, 168, 198

Gillingham Mill (1826) 168, 171, 177

Gilpin, William 126

On Picturesque Beauty 16

Girtin, Thomas 12, 39, 45, 176, 270

Glebe Farm, The (1830) 204, 295, 317

Godfrey, Mrs 59, 178–9

Godfrey, Peter 5, 59, 72, 73, 109, 135

Godfrey, Philadelphia see Fitzhugh, Philadelphia

Gooch, Dr Robert 120, 137, 173, 187, 188, 251–2, 304

Gosse, Philip 240

Grimwood, Dr Thomas 2, 3, 4, 8, 47

Gubbins, James (Constable’s cousin) 16, 72, 77

Gubbins, James (Constable’s uncle) 36

Gubbins, Mary (née Watts) 36, 92

Gubbins, Colonel Richard 72, 175

Gubbins family 46, 55, 68

Gunn, Martha 158

Hackert, Philipp 272

Hadleigh Castle (The Nore) (1829) 192–4, 256, 308

Ham House, Richmond, Surrey 25, 42

Hamerton, Philip G. 314, 317

Hampstead 108, 109, 130, 131; Constable’s homes: Albion Cottage 109, Lower Terrace 123, 125, Stamford Place 140, Langham Place 173–4, Well Walk House 175–6, 178, 180, 186, 188, 207, 228, 308; St John’s church (Maria’s tomb) 188; West End Fields 215, 263; see also Hampstead Heath

Hampstead Heath 123, 125–6, 127–8, 132; spa waters 109, 176; Constable pictures 130, 131–2, 163, 178, 317, and see below

Hampstead Heath (1821) 120

Hampstead Heath (1827) 177

Hampstead Heath (1828) 182, 184

Hampstead Heath with a Rainbow 317

Hampstead Heath with Harrow in the Distance 317–18

Hampstead Heath with London in the Distance (1830) 207

Harden, Jessy 38

Harden, John 38

Harris, Thomas 151

Harrow (1821) 120

Hart, Mrs 179

Harwich Lighthouse (1821) 115, 116; (1824) 160, 317

Haverfield, J.D. 310

Hay Wain, The (Landscape: Noon) (1821) 120–21, 122–3, 128, 135, 137, 140, 150, 151, 159, 308, 316, 317

Haydon, Benjamin R. 22, 40, 45–6, 101, 111, 131, 199, 250, 292

Hazlitt, William 178 ‘Immortality in Youth’ 211

Heathcote, Katherine Sophia (née Manners), Lady: portrait of 60, 64, 67, 94

Hebbert, Henry 188, 307

Helmingham Dell (1830) 215, 246

Helmingham Park, Suffolk 25–6, 42, 70, 85, 104, 207

Henderson, John 64, 133

Hervieu, Auguste 288

Hill, David: Constable’s ‘English Landscape’ Scenery 278

Hobson, William, and family: portraits of 37

Hogarth, William 14, 15, 269

Holmes, Charles 318

Hooch, Pieter de 234–5, 268–9

Hopkins, John 253

Hopkins, Theresa 253

Hopkins, Captain William 280, 294

Hoppner, John 21, 42

Houses of Parliament: fire (1834) 260–61

Howard, Henry 226

Howard, Luke: Climate of London 128

Howard, Thomas 268

Huet, Paul 314

Hunt, Robert: reviews 65, 106, 122, 135, 171

Huntington, H.E. 316

Hurlock, Reverend Brooke 19

Hurlock, Lucy 16, 19, 27

Hurlock, William 82

Inglis, James 198

Inglis, Jane (née Mason) 198, 272

Ipswich Journal 45, 225; Dr Rhudde’s obituary 107–8

Jackson, John 45, 46, 81, 149, 183–4, 193, 195, 249

Jennings, W.G. 307

John Bull (weekly) 151, 184, 245, 305

Johnson, John G. 316

Jones, George 22, 191

Journal de Paris 152–3

Judkin, Reverend Thomas 140, 152, 153–4, 288, 304, 306

Stolen Moments 154

Keats, John 39, 40, 131, 146

Kebbell, Mr (curate) 51

King, Joseph 100

King, Stilleman: school 3–4

Landscapebreaking up of a shower (1818) 102

Landscape: Noon see Haywain, The Landseer, Edwin 195, 277

Lane, Samuel 22, 101, 103, 110, 117, 243, 245, 252–3, 288; Constable to 133, 181, 299

Lavenham School, Suffolk 4, 203, 282

Lawrence, Sir Thomas 65, 112, 243; views on Constable’s work 52, 169, 199; as President of the Academy 114, 116–17; awarded Legion of Honour by Charles X 160; pictures praised by Constable 183–4; and Constable’s election as Academician 191; death and funeral 199; effects sold 209

Leaping Horse, The (1825) 161–2, 163, 164, 170, 173, 308

Lee, F.R. 198, 244

Lenox, Colonel James 316

Leonardo da Vinci: Trattura (Treatise) 13–14, 127

Leslie, Ann 230

Leslie, Charles R.: meets Constable 97–8; loses to him in Associate election 110; becomes full Academician 169; recognises Maria’s illness is terminal 185; witnesses Chantrey altering Hadleigh Castle 194; dines with Constable 195; unable to visit him due to toothache 200; admires Constable’s ‘daub’ 209; finds draft of dedication to English Landscape 218; views Constable’s ‘Paradise’ at Life Academy 222; at Constable dinner 226; supports Constable after illness 229–30; sends him a de Hooch copy 234; takes teaching post in America 247–8; returns to England 248–9; moves to Rossi’s house 250; with his family at Petworth House 257, 258, 259; sketches with Constable 258; invited to his lectures 267, 270–71; invited to see The Valley Farm 277–8; friendship with Constable 286, 287; artistic talents 286; on Arrangement Committee (1836) 288; at Academy farewell dinner 292; dines with Constable and Wilkie 294; New Year’s celebrations with Constable 296; witnesses his generosity 300; and Constable’s death 302, 303; exhibits Arundel Mill on Constable’s behalf 305; advises Constable’s son 306; organises donation of The Cornfield to National Gallery 306; auctions Constable’s work 307; publishes Constable biography 312–14, see Memoirs… (below)

Constable’s letters and remarks to 181–2, 189–90, 193, 194, 202, 203, 204, 223, 225, 227, 228, 229, 230, 232, 233, 234, 235, 237, 239, 240, 241, 243, 244, 247–8, 257, 261, 263, 265, 267, 268, 280, 281, 282–3, 288, 294, 298

Autobiographical Reflections 314

Autolycus selling his wares 286–7

Handbook for Young Painters 315

Memoirs of the Life of John Constable xv–xvi, xvii, 10; on Sir George Beaumont 143, 144; on Constable: character 111, 287, 300, as collector 33, as copyist of portraits 42, as father 101, 200, lectures 270–71, painting habits 220, 221, 258, sketching Houses of Parliament fire 261, visiting the theatre 178; on Constable’s works: altarpieces 36, Cottage in a Cornfield 98, Dedham Vale: Morning 52, English Landscape 219, Hadleigh Castle 194, landscapes 38, 196, nudes 22, Salisbury Cathedral 224, sky studies 127, Whitehall Stairs 231, 232; on Maria Constable 145, 185, 188; on Turner’s Helvoetsluys 231; on Van de Velde 126; see also Constable’s letters and remarks (above)

Uncle Toby and the Widow Wadman 178, 251, 286

Leslie, George 230

Leslie, Harriet 230, 248, 286, 296, 302

Leslie, Harriet Jane 248

Leslie, Mary 259

Leslie, Robert 201, 249, 259–60, 280–81, 312, 316

Lewis, Henry Greswolde 46, 119, 181, 190; portrait of 67

Leydenhall see Salisbury

Linnell, John 109, 138, 178, 251–2

Michael Angelo’s Frescoes in the Sistine Chapel 252

Linwood, Mary 29

Literary and Scientific Society of Hampstead 265, 270, 293, 303

Literary Gazette 102, 138, 139, 150, 194, 224, 276–7, 292

Literary Souvenir (annual) 261

Lloyd, Charles 39, 40

Lloyd, Sophia 39

Lock, The (1824) 128, 149, 150, 210; mezzotints 217, 261, 274, 275; 1825 version 166

London, Constable’s homes in: 23 Cecil St 18; 52 Upper Norton St 21; 50 Rathbone Place 24, 27; Percy St 44; 49 Frith St 45; 63 Charlotte St 55, 64–5, 109; 1 Keppel St 96, 113, 121, 133; 35 Charlotte St 133–4, 165, 175, 239, 308; see also Hampstead

London Magazine 181

Lott, John 50

Lott, Willy 50; his cottage 70, 105, 275, 278, 320

Loutherbourg, Philippe de 178, 272

Louvre, Paris 159–60, 180, 283, 314

Lucas, David: background 210; on Constable and Dunthorne 10–11; on Lawrence 199; works with Constable on English Landscape prints 210–11, 212–14, 216, 217, 218, 219, 261–2, 263, 265–6, 278, 300, 307; on Stothard and Constable 249; relationship with Constable 261–2, 263–4, 295; fails election to Academy 264; brought linseed oil by Abram Constable 283–4; Constable’s letters and remarks to xvi, 73, 220, 235, 236, 271, 291, 293, 300; death 307

Lucas, Mrs 295

Ludgate, Mrs 246–7

Ludgate, Robert 246

Lyell, Charles: Principles of Geology 240

Maclise, Daniel 220

Constable (c. 1831) 220, 221

Malta (collier) 185

Malvern Hall, nr Solihull 46, 181, 190

Malvern Hall (1822) 135

Manners, Lady Louisa see Dysart, Countess of

Manning, Sarah 91, 154, 156

Manning, William 91, 133, 154

Manningtree church, Suffolk: The Risen Christ (1821) 123, 134, 136

Markfield House, Tottenham 37

Mason, Anne (née Parmenter) 76, 256

Mason, William 76, 84, 104, 107, 256

Meier-Graefe, Julius 297–8, 318–19

Modern Art 318

Mellon, Andrew 316

Mellon, Paul 316

Mermaid (1828 sketch) 190, 190

Michel, Anne 205

Michele, Mr (medical man) 301, 303

Mill Stream, The (1811–14) 278

Milton, John 195, 218, 229, 271

Mirehouse, Elizabeth (née Fisher) 139, 142, 166

Monet, Claude: Hyde Park scenes 317

Monro, Henry 45

Monro, Dr Thomas 45

Montagu, Sir Samuel 318

More, Jacob 272

Morgan, Captain Elisha 249. 294

Morgan, J.P. 316, 318

Morley, Countess of 244

Morning Chronicle 139, 163, 194, 224, 232, 245–6, 303

Morning Herald 102, 291

Morning Post 177, 224, 232, 245, 276, 291, 303

Morrison, James 149, 150

Mulready, William 22, 81, 295

Munro, Hugh 292

Napoleon Bonaparte 16, 31, 34, 77, 79

National Gallery, London 137, 143, 299, 306, 317

Nayland church, Suffolk: Christ Blessing the Bread and Wine (c. 1807) 36, 43, 115; restoration 204

New Monthly Magazine, The 76, 177

News, The 277

Newton, Gilbert Stuart 101, 261

Nixon, J.M. 288

Noble, Sophia: school 200, 203, 206, 282, 299

Nodier, Charles 122, 150

Noon (print) 215, 263

Nore, The see Hadleigh Castle

Northcote, James 22, 42

Memoirs of Sir Joshua Reynolds, Bart. 67

Observer 122, 223, 247, 277, 290–91

Old Hall (1801) 29

Old Sarum, Wiltshire 118, 196

Old Sarum (watercolours) 196, 256, 256, 317; print 263

‘Old Smoaker’ (Brighton dipper) 158

O’Neill, Eliza: Dawe’s portrait of 77

Osmington, Dorset 88, 92–4, 117, 119, 137, 199, 218

Osmington Shore (1818) 106

Owen, William 91

Parris, Leslie 278

Partridge, Professor 303

Peel, Sir Robert 228, 234

Philadelphia (ship) 249, 294

Phillips, Charles 101

Phillips, Harry 141–2

Phillips, Henry 159, 170, 174, 265

Phillips, Thomas 110, 181, 182, 258

Pickergill, H.W. 112, 193

Pierce (Pearce), Reverend Thomas and Mrs: school (Folkestone) 206, 239–40, 279

Pitt (messenger) 239, 302

Ploughing Scene in Suffolk (1814) 69–70

Pope (actor) 178

Pound House school, Aldham 3–4

Poussin, Gaspar 38

Poussin, Nicolas 18, 24, 131, 143, 169, 267

Pulham, Mrs: portrait of (1818) 102

Pulham, James 160, 163, 246

Pulham, James Brook 316

Purton, William 255, 266, 306, 308, 313; Constable to 268

Pyne, W.H. 159

RainbowSalisbury Cathedral, The (mezzotint; 1836–7) 295–6, 300

Raphael 12, 222, 315

Read, David 138, 251

Rebow, General Francis Slater 59, 87, 88, 89, 99, 263, 307

Rebow, Mary: portrait of (1812) 59, 62

Redgrave, Richard 111, 209, 222, 299, 314

(with Samuel Redgrave) A Century of British Painters 313, 317

Reform Bill (1831) 223, 228

Reinagle, Richard Ramsay 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 27, 33–4, 111, 133, 138, 195, 235, 244

Constable 21

Dedham in Flood 19, 23

Rembrandt van Rijn 53, 126, 263, 265, 267

Revans, Mr (steward) 109, 183

Reynolds, Graham: The Later Paintings of John Constable 209

Reynolds, Sir Joshua 12, 15, 29–30, 42, 45, 61, 66, 85, 126, 205, 209, 210, 269, 290, 294; monument to 289–90, see Cenotaph, The Discourses 14, 23, 176, 290

Reynolds, Samuel William 210, 265–6

Rhudde, Dr Durand: background 50; as rector of East Bergholt 7–8, 36, 49, 50–51; and Constable’s courtship of his grand-daughter 47, 49, 50, 58–9, 60–61, 69; and Constable’s picture of East Bergholt church 51; his heart-shaped flower beds 59; 81st birthday 75; and death of daughter 76–7, 79; attentiveness to Constable family 74, 76, 135; and Constable’s disloyalty to John Dunthorne 83; ‘inveterate’ against Constable 83–4; ‘full of indignity’ that Constable does not inherit 86; reactions cease to matter to Constable 87; suggests Constable goes into the Church 88; sends Abram Constable turkey for Christmas 94; wants ‘proper apology’ from Constable 95; draws up new will 95, 105; not displeased at becoming a great-grandfather 101; disposition a concern 104–5; death 107; obituary 107–8

Rhudde, Mrs 51, 105

Richardson, Jonathan 29

Road to the Spaniards, The (1822) 131

Roberts, David 224

Roberts, Elizabeth 123, 125, 134, 142, 153, 173, 186, 201–2, 206, 238, 280, 299, 306, 309, 310

Robertson, Andrew 22, 306

Robertson, Reverend 72, 75

Robinson, Henry Crabb 163

Robinson, Henry Peach: Fading Away 146

Rogers, Samuel 270, 272, 286, 287–8, 302

Romney, George 265

Rosa, Salvator 267

Ross, William C. 288

Rossi, J.C.F. 250

Rousseau, Théodore 314

Rowley, Reverend Joshua 135, 236

Royal Academy of Arts xv, 21–2, 137, 206–7, 305; Presidents 23, 106, 114, 116, 169, 191, 207; Constable admitted as Probationer 17, 18, 21, 22, and Life School student 22–3, 25, 28, 42, 55; civil war between members 34; election of Constable as Associate member 40, 42, 45, 66, 71, 74, 81, 91, 100, 102, 110–12; and death of George III 114; George IV’s birthday dinner 116–17; Constable’s election to full membership 124, 134, 137, 138, 169, 181–2, 191–2, 196, 206–7, 250, 251; Constable on Arrangement Committee 207–8, 223–4; Reynolds’s palette presented to 209; Constable’s Life School Visitorships 220, 221–2, 250, 292, 293, 298–9; ‘varnishing’ days 171, 193–4, 231, 276, 277; Lane and Lucas stand for election 252–3, 264; moves from Somerset House 292–3, 300; and exhibition of Constable’s works 317

Exhibitions: (1797) 16; (1802) 29, 30; (1803) 33; (1804) 34; (1806) 40; (1807) 40; (1810) 44–5; (1811) 52; (1812) 54, 58, 59; (1813) 65; (1814) 69–70; (1815) 76, 85; (1816) 85; (1817) 97; (1818) 103; (1819) 105–7; (1820) 115–16; (1821) 120, 121–3; (1822) 135; (1823) 138–9; (1824) 149–50; (1825) 162, 163; (1826) 170, 171; (1827) 177; (1828) 182, 183–4; (1829) 193–4, 215; (1830) 207–9, 215; (1831) 220–21, 223–4, 233; (1832) 230–32; (1833) 242, 244–6; (1834) 256; (1835) 275–6; (1836) 288–92; (1837) 297, 305; (1847) 311; (1848) 235; (1850) 312

Royal Institution: Constable’s lectures (1836) 267–73

Rubens, Peter Paul 31, 36, 65, 66, 184, 234, 267, 287, 297, 302, 315

Rush, Sir William 135

Ruskin, John 277, 314–15, 317

Ruysdael, Jacob van 18, 23, 27, 96, 234, 267–8, 315

St James’s Chronicle 40, 44

Salisbury 54, 118, 123–4, 141; Leydenhall 107, 117–18, 119, 125, 196, 197, 207, 223

Salisbury Cathedral (various versions) 128, 151, 166

Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop’s Grounds (1821–3) 119, 134, 136, 138–9, 198, 253, (1823) 139, 141, 142, (1826) 139

Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows (1831) 220, 222–3, 224–5, 306, 316

Salisbury Cathedral from the MeadowsSummer Afternoon (1836) 292

Salisbury, Morning (1812) 54, 58

Sanford, John 202

Sanford, Louisa (née Bicknell) 63, 68, 71, 90, 108, 173, 182, 202, 228, 284

Sass, Henry/Sass Academy 154, 222, 311

Savage, Mrs (housekeeper) 187, 201

Savell, Zacariah 52

Savile, Christopher 134

Scene on a Navigable River (Flatford Mill) (1817) 97, 317

Scene on a River (1830–37) 278

Schroth, Charles 150, 159, 164, 167

Scovell, Charles 246

Sea Beach, Brighton, A (print) 215, 216, 263

self-portraits: (1804) 35–6; (1806) 40, 41

Sharp, Russell 246, 253

Shee, Martin Archer 106, 207, 208, 226, 228–9, 244, 268, 292

Sheepshanks, John 184, 209, 295, 308

Shower, A (1821) 120

Siddons, Sarah 66

Skey, Samuel 61

Skey, Sarah (née Bicknell, later Fletcher) 51, 52, 54, 57, 61, 182, 271

Smirke, Robert 53

Smith, J.H. 308

Smith, John Thomas (‘Museum’) 14, 15–16, 17, 19, 27, 87, 247, 253

Remarks on Rural Scenery 16, 17

Smith, Martha (‘Patty’; a Nayland aunt) 36, 72, 84, 101, 115

Soane, Sir John 171

Somerset House Gazette 159

Somerset House Terrace and St Paul’s, from Waterloo Bridge (1824) 148, 148

South, Burton 239, 241–2, 308

South, Jane (née Gubbins) 203, 239, 308

South, Lancelot see Archer-Burton, Lancelot

South, Mr and Mrs Lionel 175

Southey, Robert: Life and Letters of Cowper 301

South Kensington Museum see Victoria & Albert Museum

Sparrow, W.J. 219

Spectator, The 215, 216, 256, 274–5, 277

Spedding, Anthony 96, 108, 109, 131, 246, 296

Spedding, Miss 296

Spring (mezzotint) 130, 215, 263

Spring: East Bergholt Common (mezzotint) 313

Stanfield, Clarkson 232, 260, 276, 292, 306

Steen, Jan 268

Stendhal (Henri Beyle) 153

Stewart, Mr: Constable to 294

Stocks, Miss (balloonist) 151

Stoke-by-Nayland (1815) 79

Stoke-by-Nayland (print) 217–18, 263

Stonehenge (1836) 288, 291–2, 317

Story, A.T. 251

Stothard, Thomas 22, 42, 45, 57, 66, 108, 154, 166, 230, 248, 249–50, 299

Stour River and Valley xxi, 1–2, 3, 6–7, 8, 11, 14

Stour Valley and Dedham Village (1814–15) 72, 76, 85

Stratford Mill (1820) 115–16, 136, 154, 159, 167–8, 318; mezzotint 263

Strowger, Sam 23–4, 70, 100

Strutt, Ben 16

Study of Trees, A (1823) 139

Sykes, Mr (dancing teacher) 175, 183

Tambora, Mount: eruption (1816) 87

Taylor, Ann 19–20

Taylor, Miss (schooltacher) 83

Taylor, Tom 317

Telegraph (barge) 6, 8, 32, 47, 51, 52, 279

Teniers, David 15, 315

Thackeray, William 171

Thomson, Flora 100

Thomson, Henry 66, 101

Thomson, James 218, 271

The Seasons 170, 193, 223

Thoré, Théophile 314

Tidey, Alfred 290, 300

Tidey, Robert 290

Tillotson, John 91

Times, The 153, 171, 177, 194, 224, 283, 291

Tinney, John 116, 135–6, 142, 154, 159, 167–8

Titian 266, 298, 307

Tollemache family 25; see Dysart, Earl of

Torin, Captain 32

Travis, William 51, 74, 75, 78, 82, 83, 85, 94–5, 101, 107, 145, 172, 180

Trees at Hampstead 317

Trimmer, Henry Syer 145, 278

Turner, J.M.W.: his pictures disliked by Beaumont 13, 143; a rising star at the Academy 22; goes to the Continent 31; has slanging match with Bourgeois 34; relationship with Constable 32, 34, 45, 65–6, 98, 117, 140, 163, 181–2, 191; promotes own pictures 69; chairs AGBI 103; comparisons with Constable 106, 224, 259, 292, 314, 315–16, 318, 319; at George IV’s birthday dinner 117; and observation of the sky 126; ‘great row’ with Constable 140; pictures praised by Constable 171, 184, 290, 295; criticised for splattering canvases with soapsuds and whitewash 194, 224; disgusted by Wilkie’s remark 199; as Life School Visitor 221–2, 298; annoyed by Constable’s hanging arrangements 223–4; usage of ‘varnishing’ time 231; and Lord Egremont 258, 259, 287; sketches Houses of Parliament fire 260; as lecturer 272; engravings of his pictures 275; championed by Ruskin 277, 315

The Bay of Baiae 139

The Bridge of Sighs 276

Caligula’s Palace and Bridge 223

Chain Pier, Brighton 157, 259

Dido and Aeneas 70

Dutch Boats in a Gale 24

Forum Romanum 171

Frosty Morning 65

The Golden Bough 276

Hannibal 117

The Harbour of Dieppe 163

Helvoetsluys 231

Liber Studiorum 30, 110, 117, 211, 212

Mortlake Terrace 292

Rain, Steam and Speed 292

Staffa, Fingal’s Cave 316

Uwins, Thomas 22

Valley Farm, The (1835) 275–8, 280; small version 316

Various Subjects of Landscape … see English Landscape

Varley, John 226

Vaughan, Henry 317

Velde, Willem van de 24, 126

Vermeer, Johannes 314

Vernet, Claude-Joseph 269, 272

Vernon, Robert 276, 278, 283

Victoria & Albert Museum 209, 278, 317

Victory (1803 sketches) 32, 33; (1806 watercolour) 33, 40

View in Westmoreland (1807) 40

View of London from Hampstead Heath 308

View on the Stour, near Dedham see Bridge, The

Wakefield, Priscilla 17, 37

Walker, Reverend Thomas 119

Walker, Dr William: portrait of (1818) 102

Watermeadows at Salisbury (c. 1820, exhib. 1830) 207–9, 208, 308

Waterloo, Anthonie (1610–1690) 33

Waterloo Bridge see Whitehall Stairs…

Watermill at Gillingham, Dorset, A 317

Watts, Alaric 261

Watts, David Pike 7, 16, 36, 37–8, 42, 43, 53–4, 57, 64, 66, 68, 77, 85, 86, 100, 194

Watts, John 32

Watts-Russell, Mary 100, 101, 134

Weight, Richard 55, 64, 94, 96

Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of 115, 227

Wells, William 195, 243, 244

Wenn (steward) 147

West, Benjamin 23, 29, 31, 34, 36, 37, 42, 59, 65, 66, 114, 136

Death on the Pale Horse 107

West, James 44

Westall, Richard 244

Western, Captain Thomas: portrait of (1812) 60, 62, 63

Westmorland, Lord 152

Weymouth Bay with Jordan Hill (c. 1816) 92, 93

Whalley, Alicia 142–3

Whalley, Daniel (Martha’s father-in-law) 28

Whalley, Daniel (Martha’s brother-in-law) 28

Whalley, Reverend Daniel (Martha’s son) 239, 313

Whalley, Martha (‘Patty’; née Constable) 3, 5; marriage 7; subscribes to J.T. Smith’s book 16; entertains Constable in London 20; and mother’s death 75; cheers the family up 85; unable to go to Constable’s wedding 90; has Maria to stay 95; in Suffolk to discuss family matters 110; sends remedy for whooping cough 176; and Maria’s illness 187, 189; and Johnny Dunthorne 204, 229; has Constables to stay 225

Whalley, Nathaniel 7, 20

Whalley family 46, 72, 77, 121, 147

Wheat Field, A (1816) 85

White, Gilbert: Natural History of Selborne 119–20

White Horse, The (1819) 105–7, 110, 118, 164, 169, 198, 288, 308, 316, 318

Whitehall Stairs, June 18th 1817 (Waterloo Bridge) (1817–32) 98, 116, 119, 148–9, 166, 169–70, 230–32, 249

Wilkie, David 22, 40, 45, 112, 193, 195, 199, 248, 250–51, 286, 290, 292, 294–5; Constable to 265, 306

Columbus 250

Rent Day 23

The Sick Lady visited by her Physician 45, 250

Wilkins, William: Royal Academy building 299

William IV 227, 251; coronation 226–7

Williams, Elizabeth 134

Wilson, Richard 12, 22, 133, 143, 176, 269, 307, 315

Hadrian’s Villa 23

Wilton, Joseph 18, 22

Wingfield, Dr John: portrait of (1818) 102

Wivenhoe Park (1816–17) 89, 97, 242

Woodgate, Mr 183

Worcester Guardian 271

Wordsworth, Christopher 39

Wordsworth, John 93–4

Wordsworth, Priscilla (née Lloyd) 39

Wordsworth, William 39–40, 218, 270, 289, 291, 306; Constable to 143, 176

Worgan, Mr (agent) 38

Wouwerman, Philips 272

Yarmouth Jetty (1824) 150

Yarmouth Pier (1831) 220–21

Young, George 201, 270, 303