INDEX

Aboriginal peoples. See Indigenous peoples

abuse: breaking cycle of, 236; childhood experiences, 21–23; colonial basis, 232–33, 236; common responses to, 184–85; by Nitzsche, 178–79, 179–80, 181–82, 183–85, 186–87; psychological impacts, 234; survival and recovery, 46, 233–34, 235

Academy Award, 179, plate 11

Ace of Cups, 70

activism: Alcatraz Island occupation, 147–48; anger and, 45, 96–97, 98–99; Boston Indian Council, 144; breaking abusive cycles, 236; Canadian Senate and, 257–58; decolonization, 76, 222, 230–31, 240, 251; effective, 260–61; government blacklist and, 195–97; Indigenous actors in Hollywood, 99–101; by Indigenous peoples, 90–91, 144–45, 146; Longest Walk, 173–74; marginalization from Indigenous territory, 145–46; National Indian Youth Council, 33–34, 90, 143, 144, 146; Nihewan Foundation for American Indian Education, 146–47, 209, 214, 220, 259; Outward Bound, 90, 91; protest songs, 45; Sainte-Marie and, 42, 44–45, 139, 143, 258–59, 263; in Sainte-Marie’s music, 54–55, 67–68, 90, 92–94, 95, 97–98; sexism and misogyny in, 149–50; violence during occupation of Gresham abbey, 151–52; Wounded Knee Incident, 151. See also American Indian Movement

addiction, drugs, 65–66, 186–87. See also alcohol; “Cod’ine” (Sainte-Marie)

adoption, 15–16, 43–44, 235–36

Akwesasne Freedom School, 217, 218

Alabama 3, 245, 246, 282

Alcatraz Island occupation, 147–48

alcohol, 76–77, 153

Ali, Muhammad, 174

Allan Waters Humanitarian Award, 257

Alvarez, Ramon Indius, 73–74

Amaya, Carmen, 9, 40, 138

American Indian Higher Education Consortium, 259

American Indian Movement (AIM): activism by, 144, 146; Aquash in, 149, 151; Longest Walk, 173–74; Pine Ridge shootings and Aquash murder, 155–57; Sainte-Marie and, 152–53, 154–55; sexism and misogyny, 149–50; “Starwalker” reference to, 154–55; Wounded Knee Incident, 151

American Indian Religious Freedom Act, 32

American Indian Tribal College movement, 217

Amram, David, 174

anger, 45, 96–97, 98–99

animals, 8, 23, 190, 196, 264, plate 3, plate 13

âpihtawikosisân (Chelsea Vowel), 15

Apple, 193, 194–95. See also computers

Aquash, Annie Mae Pictou: activism by, 144, 146; in American Indian Movement, 149, 151; background, 144; in L.A. show business, 148–49; murder of, 155–56, 157–58; protester violence experience, 151–52; Sainte-Marie and, 143–44, 148–49, 150, 154

archives, 265–66

art, 193–94, plate 12

Atkins, Chet, 105–6, 116, 123, 124, 279

Bachman, Randy, 127

“Bad End” (Sainte-Marie), 200

Baez, Joan: career, 53, 131; comparisons to Sainte-Marie, 67, 70, 82; reflections and relationship with, 39, 41, 77, 78

Banai, Eddie Benton, 146

Banks, Dennis, 144, 146, 149, plate 10

Bare, Bobby, 105

Bayrd, Leonard, 20, 44

Bearsville Theater performance (Woodstock, NY), 7, 8–9, 9–11

Belafonte, Harry, 138

Bellecourt, Clyde and Vernon, 144, 146

“Bells” (Sainte-Marie), 79, 280

Berners-Lee, Tim, 221

The Best of Buffy Sainte-Marie (Sainte-Marie), 119

The Best of Buffy Sainte-Marie, Vol. 2 (Sainte-Marie), 119, 120–21

“Better to Find Out for Yourself” (Sainte-Marie), 107–8

Birkett, Chris, 198–200, 201, 244, 281, 282

blacklist, 195–97

Black Lodge Singers, 238

Bomberry, Elaine, 222–24, 261

Bordeaux, Lionel, 259

Boston Indian Council, 144, 146

Brando, Marlon, 138, 147, 149, 174

breastfeeding, 167–68

Briggs, David, 124, 131, 133, 280

Brizendine, Louann, 184

Bruyere, Michel, 237, 255, 263–64, plate 14

Budd, Roy, 113

Buffy (Sainte-Marie), 132, 163, 280

Bugbee, Dewain Kamaikalani, 85, 121

Bull, Edmund, 201, 202

Bureau of Indian Affairs, 90–91

burn out, 259–60

“Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee” (Sainte-Marie), 156–57, 196–97, 200, 201, 281

Byrum, John, 178

Caldwell, E. K., 110

Campbell, Glen, 122

Campbell, Jo Ann, 40–41

Canada: first impressions, 42–43; residential schools, 92–93, 95–96, 231–32, 235; Senate, 257–58; sesquicentennial, 257; Truth and Reconciliation Commission, 231–32, 235, 263. See also Indspire Awards; Juno Awards; Polaris Music Prize

Canadian Music Hall of Fame, 223–24

Carnegie Hall, 60, 135

“Carry It On” (Sainte-Marie), 256

Changing Woman (Sainte-Marie), 108, 132, 281

Chelsea Hotel (New York), 74–75, plate 1

Cher, 122

Chinese cinema, 139

“Cho Cho Fire” (Sainte-Marie), 238, 282

“The Circle Game” (Sainte-Marie), 279

Civil Rights Movement, 32, 54, 76. See also activism

“Cod’ine” (Sainte-Marie), 58, 64–65, 66, 67, 68, 75, 278

coffee houses, 75–77

Cohen, Leonard: Chelsea Hotel and, 75, plate 1; covers by Sainte-Marie, 79, 107, 114, 115, 280; Nitzsche and, 180; photographs, plate 1, plate 2; reflections and relationship with, 74, 77, 80

Coincidence and Likely Stories (Sainte-Marie), 154, 198–201, 203, 281

Collins, Judy, 39, 67, 77, 78

colonialism: “angry Indian” stereotype, 98; assimilation attempts, 15–16, 244–45; breaking cycle of, 236; country music and, 105; dealing with guilt and bitterness from, 218–19; decolonization, 76, 222, 230–31, 240, 251; Doctrine of Discovery, 94–95, 232; racism, 18, 19, 34, 213–14; residential schools, 92–93, 95–96, 231–32, 235; in show business, 9, 73, 80–82. See also activism

computers, 193, 194–95, 198–99, 203, 210–11, 216

Conroy-Rios, Thelma, 157

Constant, Leroy, plate 14

Cooder, Ry, 111, 114, 115

Cook, Tekatsi:tsia’kwa Katsi, 263

country music, 105–6

covers: “Cod’ine,” 68, 75; “The Piney Wood Hills,” 105; “Power in the Blood,” 245, 246; by Sainte-Marie, 79, 92, 107, 114, 115–16, 124, 278, 280; “Universal Soldier,” 68; “Until It’s Time for You to Go,” 83, 105, 121, 122–23, 124–27, 278

Cradleboard Teaching Project: attempted NASA partnership, 219–20; award, 219; development, 208–9, 210; funding, 214–15, 216, 220; future plans, 262; Grover and self-esteem, 169; Indigenous perspective and curriculum, 209, 210, 211–13, 215, 216; partnerships with educators, 217, 220–21; purpose and legacy, 207–8, 214, 221, 222; Science Through Native American Eyes (CD-ROMS), 221; teacher concerns about, 217–18; technological component, 210–11, 213, 216

creativity, 24, 36, 46

Cree, 15, 43–44, 165, 228, 237

“Cripple Creek” (Sainte-Marie), 58

Crow Dog, Mary, 149, 150

Crudup, Arthur, 124

Dalai Lama, 36

Darin, Bobby, 83, 122–23, 127

“Darling Don’t Cry” (Sainte-Marie), 201, 202

Davis, Bette, 122

Davis, Clive, 83, 128

Davis, Michael, 161

decolonization, 76, 222, 230–31, 240, 251

Deer, Ada, 152

Diamond, Neil, 122, 278

“Disinformation” (Sainte-Marie), 200

Doctrine of Discovery, 94–95, 232

Donovan (Donovan Philips Leitch), 68–69

drug addiction, 65–66, 186–87. See also alcohol; “Cod’ine” (Sainte-Marie)

Duston, Pete, 28

“Dyed, Dead, Red” (Sainte-Marie), 111

Dylan, Bob, 41, 52–53, 77, 81, 82–83, 92, 134

education: American Indian Higher Education Consortium, 259; Nihewan Foundation for American Indian Education, 146–47, 208, 209, 214, 220, 259; teaching job, 41–42; typical experience for children, 207, 215–16; university experience, 30–32, 34–36, 37–38, 41–42, 50. See also Cradleboard Teaching Project

Einarson, John, 69

electronic music, 107–10, 111, 194, 198, 243

“Emma Lee” (Sainte-Marie), 200

emotions: dealing with from colonialism, 218–19; in music, 45, 59–60, 132

Ensign Records, 197–98, 199

environmentalism, 227–30

Falle, Daisy, 223

fame, 128

fans, 9–10, 56, 135–38

The Far Horizons (movie), 89

“Farm in the Middle of Nowhere” (Sainte-Marie), 248

fashion industry, 96

FBI, 137–38, 155, 156, 195–96

Felix, Julie, 69

film and television. See movie scores; Sesame Street; The Virginian (TV show)

Fire & Fleet & Candlelight (Sainte-Marie), 99, 109, 279

“Fixin’ to Die” (Sainte-Marie), 278

Flack, Roberta, 122

flamenco, 40, 138–39

folk music, 41, 52–53, 76–77, 79–80, 84, 92

“For Free” (Sainte-Marie), 280

Four Pennies, 122, 278

Franklin, Aretha: “Respect,” 122

Fraser, Jill, 178

Freed, Alan, 40

Friendship Centre (Toronto), 43

Funmaker, Walter, 33

Gandhi, Mahatma, 30

Gaslight (New York venue), 53

A Gathering of Flies, 237

Geffen, David, 77, 78, 79

“Generation” (Sainte-Marie), 163

Gerde’s Folk City (New York venue), 52–53

“God Is Alive, Magic Is Afoot” (Sainte-Marie), 79, 107

Goffin, Gerry, 280

Gordon, Elmer Jared, 69

Gore, Lesley: “You Don’t Own Me,” 122

Graham, John, 157

Grainge, Nigel, 197, 198, 201

greed, 9, 77, 81, 94, 229

Green, Jesse, 237–38, 263, plate 14

Greene, Susaye, 122

Greenwich Village, 51–52, 77–78, 133, 238

Gregory, Dick, 174

Gresham (WI), 152

Grossman, Albert, 8, 77, 83

Grossman, Sally, 8–9

Guthrie, Woody, 52, 82, 214

Hackett, Steve, 109, 279

Hackford, Taylor, 185–86

Halfant, Jules, 119

happiness, 190

Harold of Orange (movie), 185

“The Hashashin” (Sainte-Marie), 111

Haudenosaunee Confederacy, 211

Havens, Richie, 174

“Have You Seen My Baby? (Hold On)” (Sainte-Marie), 280

Hawai‘i, 8, 84–85, 166, 175, 176, 196, plate 3

health, 119, 121

“Helpless” (Sainte-Marie), 79, 280

Henson, Jim, 170

“He’s a Keeper of the Fire” (Sainte-Marie), 108

The Highwaymen, 41, 68, 69

Higinbotham, Kayle, 164, 180, 187

Hill, Charlie, 19–20, 185, 214, 264

Hill, Chris, 197

Hill, Norbert, 214

Hinton, Eddie, 133, 136

Hollywood, Indigenous actors in, 99–101

human trafficking, 255, 262–63

humor, 264

Humphrey, Hal, 100–101

“I Bet My Heart on You” (Sainte-Marie), 39

identity, 18–19, 19–21, 33–34, 43–44, 165

Idle No More, 154, 243, plate 14

Illuminations (Sainte-Marie), 79, 107–10, 119, 279

I’m Gonna Be a Country Girl Again (Sainte-Marie), 106, 279

“I’m Gonna Be a Country Girl Again” (Sainte-Marie), 120

India, 35, 39, 54, 106

Indian Actors Workshop, 100

Indian Relocation Act, 32

Indians of All Tribes, 147

Indigenous peoples: assimilation attempts, 15–16, 244–45; decolonization by, 230; environmentalism by, 227; family’s identification with, 19–20; in Hollywood, 99–101; Missing and Murdered Women and Girls, 255, 262–63; music, 154, 201–2, 239, 243–44, 261; pop culture representation, 89, 162, 163; racism against, 18, 19, 34, 213–14; residential schools, 92–93, 95–96, 231–32, 235; Sainte-Marie identity issues, 18–19, 19–21, 33–34, 43–44, 165; Sesame Street and, 161–63, 169–70; show business and, 148–49; slave trade, 262–63; Soldier Blue (movie), 111–13; termination era, 32–33; Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, 231–32, 235, 263. See also activism; colonialism; Cradleboard Teaching Project; Cree

Indspire Awards, 263

It’s My Way! (Sainte-Marie): overview, 278; album cover, 55, 120; emotional intensity, 59–60; Indigenous activism and, 67–68; marketing, 66–67; message in, 56–59; motivation behind, 54; reception, 56, 60, 63, 67; record deal, 53–54; recording of, 55–56; Sainte-Marie on, 63–64, 66–67; uniqueness of, 82

“It’s My Way” (Sainte-Marie): 1964 version, 58, 59, 67; 2015 version, 246, 282

Jackson, Tom, 224

Jacobs, Roger, 198–99

Jagger, Mick, 111, 114

Jennings, Will, 179

Johnson, Pauline, 265

Johnson, Valorie, 214

Jonnie, Curtis (Shingoose), 222, 223

Joplin, Janis, 75, 83

Juno Awards, 222–24, 238, 247, 257, 262, 282

Kaufman, Denise, 70, 258

Kay, John, 56, 67, 261–62

Kaye, Danny, 138

Kellogg Foundation, 214–15, 216

Kimbrough, Lottie, 41

King, Carole, 114, 115–16, 280

Kreisberg, Jennifer, 263, 264

Kristofferson, Kris, 77

Kulawick, Geoff, 244

LaFarge, Peter, 57, 97

Lee, Bruce, 139

Lennox, Annie, 108, 201

Levine, Jon, 244

Little Black Bear School (Fond du Lac, WI), 217

Little Wheel Spin and Spin (Sainte-Marie), 73, 92, 279

Longest Walk, 173–74

Longwalker, Ernie Peters, 153, 173

Looking Cloud, Arlo, 157

Love, Courtney, 75

Love, Kermit, 170

Mahal, Taj (Henry Saint Clair Fredericks), 38–39, 262

Manitas de Plata (Ricardo Baliardo), 138–39

Many a Mile (Sainte-Marie), 92, 121, 278

“Many a Mile” (Sainte-Marie), 278

Manzano, Sonia, 162, 168

marriage, 248–49

“Mary” (Sainte-Marie), 107

McCarthyism, 32

McKuen, Rod, 124

McPhedran, Marilou, 258

Means, Russell, 144, 146, 149, 153

media, 44, 49–50, 96–97, 100, 144–45, 163

Medicine Songs (Sainte-Marie), 256, 258, 262, 282

Memphis Horns, 124, 280

Menow, Darryl, 237

misogyny and sexism, 68–69, 110, 126, 149–50, 198

misrepresentation, 96, 260

Missing and Murdered Women and Girls, 255, 262–63

Mitchell, Joni: career, 78–79, 80–81, 82; Chelsea Hotel and, 74, plate 1; covers by Sainte-Marie, 79, 279, 280; Higinbotham and, 164; Nitzsche and, 180; reflections and relationship with, 77, 78, 79, 80–81, 83, 150

“Mongrel Pup” (Sainte-Marie), 108

Moonshot (Sainte-Marie), 124, 131, 132, 280

Morrisseau, John, 258

movie scores, 110, 111–12, 113, 176–77, 179–80, 185–86

music: coffee houses vs. bar culture, 75–77; folk music, 41, 52–53, 76–77, 79–80, 84, 92; Indigenous music, 154, 201–2, 239, 243–44, 261; protest songs, 45; songwriting, 86. See also show business

music, Sainte-Marie: ability and development, 16–17; activism in, 54–55, 67–68, 90, 92–94, 95, 97–98; approach to music, 70, 83–84, 89, 247–48, 256; blacklist, 195–97; career beginnings, 42, 49, 54; collaborative relationships, 131, 132–33, 133–34, 134–35, 236–37, 238; comeback, 197–98; country music crossover, 105–6; electronic music, 107–10, 111, 194, 198; influences, 28–29, 39–41; marginalization from Indigenous territory, 145–46; movie scores, 110, 111–12, 113, 176–77, 179–80, 185–86; New York years, 51–53, 74–75, 77–78, 133–34, 238; outsider status, 54, 69–70, 79–80, 83; promotion of others, 78, 79; publishing rights, 69, 125–26, 126–27; technical innovations, 197–99, 203; uniqueness, 82, 127; university years, 37–39. See also tours and performances; Vanguard Records; specific albums and songs

musical dyslexia, 16–17

“My Baby Left Me” (Sainte-Marie), 124

“My Country ’Tis of Thy People You’re Dying” (Sainte-Marie), 73–74, 92–94, 95, 97, 231, 245, 279

NASA, 219–20

Nashville, 106, 124, 131, 133

National Indian Youth Council (NIYC), 33–34, 90, 143, 144, 146

Native American Committee, 146

Native Americans. See Indigenous peoples

Native Canadian Centre of Toronto, 43

Native North American Child (Sainte-Marie), 132

New Birth, 122

Newman, Randy, 111, 280

Newport Folk Festival, 92, plate 1

New York, 51–53, 74–75, 77–78, 133–34, 238

New York Philharmonic, 60, 135

Nihewan Foundation for American Indian Education, 146–47, 208, 209, 214, 220, 259

Nitzsche, Jack: abusive relationship with, 178–79, 179–80, 181–82, 183–85; end of relationship, 187–88, 193; heroin experience, 186–87; musical collaborations with, 110–11, 114–16, 179, 185–86, 280; musical talent and personality, 182; reflections on relationship with, 113–14, 188–89, 250; relationships with others, 114, 180–81, 183; renewal of relationship with, 176–78; wedding, 178

“Nobody Will Ever Know It’s Real but You” (Sainte-Marie), 135, 281

“No No Keshagesh” (Sainte-Marie), 228–30, 282

“Not the Lovin’ Kind” (Sainte-Marie), 131–32, 280

“Now That the Buffalo’s Gone” (Sainte-Marie): Alcatraz occupation broadcasts and, 148; message of, 56–57, 90, 91, 97–98, 278; reception, 53, 67, 97

Obey, Marlyn, 174

An Officer and a Gentleman (movie), 176–77, 179, 185–86, plate 11

Outward Bound, 90, 91

Pacifica Radio Archives, 148

Palumbo, Janice Murphy, 17–18, 22

Paquin, Gilles, 256

Paquin Entertainment, 237

parenting, 165, 175–76, 249–50

Parrish, Rain, 152

Paxton, Tom, 77

Pelletier, Wilfred, 43

Peltier, Leonard, 149, 155, 156, 157

Penn, Leo, 99, 100

Performance (movie), 111

performances. See tours and performances

Peters, Ernie, 153, 173

Peters, Sheldon. See Wolfchild, Sheldon Peters

philosophy, 34–36

Piaf, Édith, 9, 40, 74

Piapot family, 43–44, plate 4, plate 8

Piapot, Clara Starblanket, 43, plate 4

Piapot, Debra, 174

Piapot, Emile, 43, 163, 165, plate 4

Pine Ridge Reservation, 151, 155–56

“The Piney Wood Hills” (Sainte-Marie), 92, 105

Polaris Music Prize, 246–47, 282

“Poppies” (Sainte-Marie), 108

Power in the Blood (Sainte-Marie), 10, 244, 245, 246–47, 251, 282

“Power in the Blood” (Sainte-Marie), 245, 246, 282

Powers, Ann, 246

powwow music, 154, 201–2, 217, 228, 238, 243, 281

Presley, Elvis, 29, 121, 122, 124–27, 131, 278

“The Priests of the Golden Bull” (Sainte-Marie), 197

protest songs, 45

publicity, 128, 148–49

publishing rights, 69, 125–26, 126–27

Putnam, Norbert, 124, 131, 132–33, 136, 199, 280, 281

Quiet Places (Sainte-Marie), 132, 280

racism, 18, 19, 34, 213–14

Rader, Dotson, 112

Radio Free Alcatraz, 148

The Razor’s Edge (movie), 186

Red Bull Singers, 201, 202

Red Elk, Lois, 100

Reséndez, Andrés: The Other Slavery, 262

residential schools, 92–93, 95–96, 231–32, 235. See also abuse

Roberts, Elliot, 78–79

Robertson, Robbie, 134

Running for the Drum (Sainte-Marie), 39, 228, 236–37, 238, 244, 282

Sainte-Marie, Albert “Smokey” (father), 16, 30, 248

Sainte-Marie, Buffy: approach to life, 266; archives, 265–66; birth and adoption, 15, 16; Buffy nickname, 28; career overview, 7–8, 9; childhood, 17–18, 19, 21–24, 27–28; guiding principles, 259–61; health, 119, 121; home in Hawai‘i, 8, 196, plate 3; identity, 18–19, 19–21, 33–34, 43–44, 165; income, 56, 175, 176; legacy, 250–51, 264–65; parenting, 164–65, 166–68, 175–76, 249–50, plate 7, plate 10; portraits, plate 2, plate 3, plate 5, plate 6, plate 13; relationships and marriages, 73–74, 85, 121, 131, 153, 165, 174–75, 248–49; sense of humor, 264; spirituality, 36; university, 30–32, 34–36, 37–38, 41–42, 50. See also activism; Cradleboard Teaching Project; music, Sainte-Marie; Nitzsche, Jack; tours and performances

Sainte-Marie, Winifred “Winnie” (mother), 16, 18–19, 21, 28, 30–31, 247–48, plate 7

Samson, Elizabeth, 43

Schickele, Peter (P. D. Q. Bach), 99

Science Through Native American Eyes (CD-ROMS), 221

Seeger, Pete, 41, 53, 92, 213–14

Senate, Canadian, 257–58

Seneca Indian Reservation, 57, 90

Sesame Street: characters in, 169; Cody Wolfchild in, 166–68; cultural impact, 161; filming experience, 168; Indigenous programming, 162–63, 169–70; luau for Cody, 166, plate 9; memories of by Bruyere and Green, 237–38; recruitment of Sainte-Marie, 161–62, 164; reflections on, 167, 170

sexism and misogyny, 68–69, 110, 126, 149–50, 198

sexual abuse. See abuse

Shearer, Karen, 148

Shelton, Robert, 53, 60

She Used to Wanna Be a Ballerina (Sainte-Marie), 79, 113, 114–16, 120, 176, 280

Shingoose (Curtis Jonnie), 222, 223

Shore, Dinah, 138

show business: business side and colonialism, 9, 64, 73, 80–82, 256; fame, 128; Indigenous peoples in, 148–49; Sainte-Marie’s relationship with, 196, 228; sexism in, 68–69. See also music

Shriver, Sargent, 90

Siebring, Adria, 208

Silverheels, Jay, 89, 100, 153

Simon, Paul, 69–70

Sinatra, Nancy, 122

Sinclair, Murray, 258

Sky, Patrick, 278

slave trade, Indigenous, 262–63

“Smackwater Jack” (Sainte-Marie), 115–16, 280

Smith, Harold, 174

Snodgress, Carrie, 183

Soldier Blue (movie), 111–13

“Soldier Blue” (Sainte-Marie), 111–12, 113, 120, 143

Solomon, Maynard, 53, 64, 119, 133, 134

Somer, Abe, 132, 197

“The Song of the French Partisan” (Sainte-Marie), 115

“Song to a Seagull” (Sainte-Marie), 279

songwriting, 86

The Sopranos (TV show), 245

Spain, 73–74

Spector, Phil, 114, 179, 183

Spinney, Caroll, 169

Spirit of the Wind (movie), 110

spirituality, 36, 255

Springfield, Dusty, 138

Springsteen, Bruce, 81

stalkers, 136–38

Standard Oil, 90, 145

Standing Rock, 10–11, 251

“Starwalker” (Sainte-Marie), 153–55, 201, 281

Status & Diplomat (journal), 74

Stewart, Martha, 248

Stiffarm, Thelma, 33

Stoney Park (singers), 224

Strawberry Statement (movie), 111

Streisand, Barbra, 122

Stripper (docudrama), 185

Stuntz, Joseph, 155

Sweet America (Sainte-Marie), 165–66, 197, 281

synthesizers, 107, 109

Tagaq, Tanya, 243, 256, 282

Tarbell, Harold, 215, 217

Tchaikovsky, Pyotre Ilyich, 28–29

teaching, 41–42

“This Land Is Your Land” (Guthrie), 214

Thom, Mel, 34

Titelman, Russ, 115

tours and performances: at Bearsville Theater (Woodstock, NY), 7, 8–9, 9–11; Higinbotham and, 164; memorable experiences, 60, 67, 135, 138–39; outsider identity and, 69–70; photographs, plate 1, plate 5, plate 6, plate 13, plate 14, plate 15; preferences, 8; pregnancy and parenting while on, 164, 175–76, 249; pre-show smudge, 255; red dress acknowledgment, 255; romances during, 261; Running for the Drum tour, 237, 238. See also fans

A Tribe Called Red, 243

“Trickster” (Sainte-Marie), 185

Trudell, John, 145, 146, 147, 148, 163

True North Records, 244

Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC), 231–32, 235, 263

uncertainty, 86

“Universal Soldier” (Sainte-Marie), 7, 50–51, 58, 68, 69, 83, 278

University of Massachusetts, 30–32, 34–36, 37–38, 41–42, 50

“Until It’s Time for You to Go” (Sainte-Marie): copyright issues, 123–24; covers, 83, 105, 121, 122–23, 278; explanation of, 121–22; Presley covers, 121, 124–27

Up Where We Belong (Sainte-Marie), 201, 281

“Up Where We Belong” (Sainte-Marie, Nitzsche, and Jennings), 179, plate 11

Vanguard Records: background, 53; compilation albums with, 119–20, 132; record deal, 54, 116, 197; recording studio, 56; session musicians, 134; working relationship with Sainte-Marie, 63, 64–65, 66, 114–15

Vietnam War, 49–51, 54, 112, 175

The Virginian (TV show), 99–101

Voight, Jon, 148

Vowel, Chelsea (âpihtawikosisân), 15

“The War Racket” (Sainte-Marie), 256, 282

Warrior, Clyde, 34

Webb, Jimmy, 109

“The Weight” (The Band), 134

“Welcome, Welcome Emigrante” (Sainte-Marie), 92

Westerman, Floyd Red Crow, 174, plate 10

Westerners, use of term, 35

Weston, Doug, 137

White, Bukka, 41, 278

White House, 195, 260

Williams, Andy, 122

Williams, Hank, 57

Wilson, Richard “Dick,” 151

W. K. Kellogg Foundation, 214–15, 216

Wojewoda, Michael Phillip, 244

Wolfchild, Dakota Starblanket “Cody” (son): activism, 250; childhood, 175–76, 249; friendship with Ahmen Mahal, 39; Nitzsche and, 178, 187; photographs, plate 7, plate 8, plate 10; pregnancy and birth, 164–65; in Sesame Street, 166–68

Wolfchild, Henry, 165

Wolfchild, Sheldon Peters, 153, 165, 169, 173, 174–75, 176, 250

Wonder, Stevie, 174

Woodstock (NY): Bearsville Theater performance, 7, 8–9, 9–11

“Working for the Government” (Sainte-Marie), 238, 282

Wounded Knee Incident, 151

“You Got To Run (Spirit of the Wind)” (Sainte-Marie), 256, 282

Young, Doris, 258

Young, Neil: covers by Sainte-Marie, 114, 115, 280; Harvest, 131; manager of, 78; Nitzsche and, 114, 183; reflections and relationship with, 77, 79, 80, 81