Index

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References in italics denote illustrations

2nd Brigade of Guards 161

5th Brigade of Cavalry 7

6th Dragoon Guards 162

7th Hussars 151

15th Hussars 7–8, 10, 161–5, 253, 258, 270–8, 280, 283, 289, 293, 307

26th Regiment of Foot 160

31st Regiment of Foot 160, 161, 162, 253, 283

71st Regiment of Foot 160

88th Regiment 162, 253

104th Regiment 209

Abolition of the Slave Trade Act (1807) 20

Ackerley, Samuel 292

Addington, Henry see Sidmouth, Lord

Addington, John Hiley 55, 125, 138

Age of Reason (Paine) 38

Ainsworth, John 292

Ainsworth, William Harrison 167

Albuera, Battle of 160

Allcard, Samuel 293

America 2, 109, 110, 112, 142

Ancoats, Manchester 21–2, 23, 28–30

Andrew, Jonah 236, 276, 303

Andrew, Jonathan 225, 228, 229, 230, 246, 249, 255, 263

Andrews, Henby 195, 197, 257

Anne, Queen 35

Anticipated Radical Meeting (Hunt the Matchless Reformer) (Motte) 322

Arkwright, Richard 21

Armada Tapestries 75

Ashton Canal 22, 23

Ashworth, John 259

Aston, Joseph 20, 23, 31, 39–40, 43, 44, 52–3, 162–3

Bacon, Thomas 124, 128

Bagguley, John:

Blanket March 91, 92, 94, 95, 96–100, 105–9, 127;

Cold Bath Fields 114;

Dewsbury insurrection 119;

march to Manchester 142;

Peterloo impact 325;

prison release 133, 140;

Sandy Brow speakers 140, 141;

spies and informants 59, 60, 83;

trial and incarceration 176;

women’s reform 170, 176, 177;

worker addresses 74

Baines, Edward 119–25, 129, 244, 245, 257, 258, 282

Baines, Edward, junior 244, 316

Bamford, Mima (Jemima) 115–16, 219, 220–1, 240, 288, 294, 295

Bamford, Samuel:

appearance 10;

autobiography 11–12, 36, 48–9, 65–6, 201, 206, 214–15;

Blanket March 91, 95, 101–2, 105, 107–9, 111;

‘Brandreth’s Soliloquy in Prison’ 128;

on Cartwright 67–8;

on Cobbett 49, 68;

Cold Bath Fields imprisonment 114–17;

on education 50–1, 53;

‘God save the Queen’ 315;

Hampden Club 48–9, 63–4, 70–1;

and Healey 10–13, 111–12;

and Hunt 64, 65–6, 79;

‘Lancashire Hymn’ 175;

Manchester mass meeting plans 201–3, 205–7, 210, 211, 214–20;

Manchester Observer 138;

Manchester politics 39;

on Nadin 44–5;

New Bailey Prison 40–1, 112–14;

‘Ode to a Plotting Parson’ 317;

on Paine 38;

Passages in the Life of a Radical 112;

Peterloo massacre 264–5, 278, 279–80;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 287–91, 294–5, 310, 315–17, 325;

radicalism 36;

and reform 12–13;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 232, 234, 235, 239–43, 245, 247, 256, 258, 260–1, 264–5, 278–80;

‘A Song of Slaughter’ 317, 318;

Union Hymn 115;

women’s reform 170, 175;

writings 50;

Yorkshire insurrection escalation 124

bands 214, 217, 220, 225, 229, 234, 237, 241–3

banners see ‘colours’

Baptists 37n

Barlow, Ann 293

Barlow, John 225, 228, 231

Barons’ War 94

Barry, Charles 320n

Basnett, William 306

Battye, George 306, 308, 309

Beckett, John 55, 138

Belchem, John 66n, 316

Bellairs, Captain William 162, 163

Bellingham, John 2

Bellot, Thomas 26

Bell’s Life in London 318

Benbow, William 63, 83, 91, 92, 97, 98, 101, 105, 124

Bennett, Henry Grey 125

Bibby’s Rooms, Manchester 95, 98, 99, 102, 122

Bickerstaff, Ann 292–3

Bill of Indemnity 133, 149

Bill of Rights 35, 45, 94

Birley, Captain Hugh Hornby 188, 189, 249, 254, 255, 319

Blackburn 162, 170, 173–4, 320

Blackburn Female Reform Society 170–2, 175, 177, 180, 184

Black Dwarf (journal) 87, 94, 135, 152, 171, 172, 184, 292

Blackfriars Bridge, Manchester 18–19

Black Prince (racehorse) 158

Black Swan Hotel, York 159n

Blanketeers 91, 94, 108, 119, 133, 150, 162, 188

Blanket March 91–3, 96–100, 105–7, 122, 127, 187

Blasphemous and Seditious Libels Act 313

Blinstone, Thomas 294

Bob (Hunt’s horse) 195

Bonaparte, Napoleon 1, 23, 160, 161

‘The Book Repository’ 41

Booth, Captain William 162, 163, 289

borough-mongering 13, 147

Botany Bay, Australia 43

Boudicca 175

Boulter, William 140

Bourbon monarchy 161, 182

Bradbury, George 92, 96

Bradford Colliery 22

Brandreth, Jeremiah 124, 125, 128, 130, 139, 318

‘Brandreth’s Soliloquy in Prison’ (Bamford) 128

Bridgewater Canal 17, 20

Broadhurst, Nathan 255, 262, 263, 265, 276, 277

Buchan, William 75

Buckley, Lieutenant Frederick 163, 273–4, 278

Bull, Major Robert 6

Bullock Smithey 195

Bunyan, John 11, 12

Burdett, Sir Francis:

general election 138, 139;

Hampden Club 63, 68, 69, 71;

and Hunt 67;

insurrection escalation 122, 125;

Knight imprisonment 127;

Peterloo aftermath 292, 310, 312;

reform movement 42, 49

Burke, Edmund 73, 172–3

Buxton’s house xi, 224, 225, 229, 240, 252, 255, 257, 264, 269, 270, 280, 283

Byng, Major-General Sir John:

2nd Brigade of Guards 161;

31st Regiment of Foot 161;

background to Peterloo 13;

Blanket March 92, 101, 105;

Campsmount 158, 159;

Dewsbury insurrection 121, 123;

Manchester mass meeting plans 162, 189, 194, 204, 205;

as Northern District commander 57, 157–9;

Peterloo aftermath 297;

Waterloo 6–7

Campbell, Peter 58, 59–60, 81

Campsmount, Yorkshire 157

canals 17, 20, 22, 110

Canal Street Dye Works 22

Cap of Liberty:

Female Reform Societies 172, 181, 185;

general election 139, 140;

image 208;

Manchester mass meeting plans 217, 220;

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145;

Peterloo aftermath 288;

as phallic symbol 181;

as republican symbol 3–4;

as symbol of revolution 232;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 232, 237, 243

Carlile, Richard:

and Hunt 139, 150, 205;

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145;

Peterloo massacre 265, 268, 282, 285;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 236–9, 243, 244, 260;

Sherwin’s Weekly Political Register 127, 133–4

Carlton House 74, 78

Caroline, of Brunswick, Princess 72, 315

Carpenter, Captain Charles 163, 273

Carracci, Annibale 31

Carter, Elizabeth 177

Cartwright, Major John 48–9, 63, 67–9, 94–5, 122, 139, 147, 151, 292

Castlereagh, Lord (Robert Stewart) 72, 98, 113, 141, 318

Catholic Emancipation Act 319

Cato Street Conspiracy 318

cavalry:

Manchester mass meeting plans 165, 187, 188;

Peterloo massacre 264, 265, 273–6, 279, 282, 283;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 290, 297, 307;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 245, 246, 249, 251, 253–61, 263

Cavan, Lord 298

Charles I, King 35, 48, 81

Charles II, King 55, 63, 92

Charlotte, Princess 72–3, 129

Chartism 67, 321, 324

Cheetham, Samuel 36

Cheetham, William 293

Cheshire Yeomanry 101, 105, 162, 188, 191, 249, 253, 270, 271

Chester Castle 142, 176

Chetham’s Hospital, Manchester 30

children 25–6, 28, 220–1, 231, 235, 254, 265, 292

Chippindale, William 56–8, 84, 92, 210

Christianity 183, 212, 213

Church of England 52, 212

citizen regiments 187–8

Civil Wars 35, 48, 94, 97n, 106

Cleary, Thomas 128, 139

Clegg, James 305, 307, 318

coal mines 17, 20, 22, 140, 143

Cobbett, William:

in America 109–11;

appearance 68;

Bamford on 68;

general election 138;

Habeas Corpus 86;

Hampden Club 48–9, 60–1, 68–71;

and Hunt 67, 151;

Palace of Westminster fire 320;

reform movement 5, 57;

return from America 312–13;

Weekly Political Register 49, 70, 84, 111

Cochrane, Lord 42, 67, 71, 79, 80, 122, 138

Cold Bath Fields House of Correction, London 114, 115

Collegiate Church, Manchester 30, 41, 52

Collier, Commodore Sir George 298

‘colours’ (banners):

Female Reform Societies 183, 184;

image 222;

Manchester mass meeting plans 209, 210, 215–20;

Peterloo massacre 264–5, 288, 289, 313;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 225, 229, 232–4, 237, 238, 264–5, 283

Common Sense (Paine) 3

Conflans, Marquis de 164

Conyngham, Lady Elizabeth 72

Cook, Joseph 293

Cooper, Robert 275

Corn Laws 4, 93, 146, 147, 149, 189, 319

cotton industry 2, 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 31, 45

Couldwell, Abel 108n

Covent Garden, London 139, 180

Cowgill, Jonathan 108n

Cox, John 306–7

Criminal Procedure Act 84n

Croft, Ellen 293

Crompton, Samuel 21

Cromwell, Oliver 35, 75

Crossley, James 167, 169

Crown and Anchor tavern, London 63, 67–71, 292

Crowther, Jonathan 212–13

Cruikshank, George ii, 266–7, 311

Cumberland, Duke of 241

Dalrymple, Lieutenant Colonel Leighton Cathcart 7, 8, 9, 13, 161, 163, 253, 279

Dalton, Mary 43

Davidson, William 318

Deansgate, Manchester 31, 223, 229, 236, 239, 253

Defoe, Daniel 167–8

Denison, Henry 308, 309

Denman, Thomas 129

Derby, Earl of 187, 299

Derby Castle 128

Destruction, by Thunderbolt (racehorse) 158

Dewsbury insurrection 119–21

Dickens, Charles 308n

Dickinson, John 121

Discovery of Witches in the County of Lancaster (Pott) 169

Dissenters 37

Dixon, Elijah 99, 127–8

Dixon, Martha 127

Domestic Medicine (Buchan) 75

Dorset, Duke of 55

Dorset House, Whitehall 55–6

Drinkwater, Peter 24

Drummond, Samuel:

Blanket March 91, 92, 95, 96, 99, 105, 107–9, 127;

Cold Bath Fields 114;

Hampden Club 83;

march to Manchester 142;

prison release 133, 140;

Sandy Brow 140, 141–2;

trial and incarceration 176;

women’s reform 170, 176

Drury Lane, London 180

Duke of York Inn, Oldham 306, 308

Dyneley, Major Thomas 6–10, 13, 162, 253, 279, 283, 286–8

Dyson, James 211, 216, 217, 219

Earnshaw, Mr (surgeon) 305, 306, 307

Eaton, John 211

Eccles, Manchester 59, 81

education 41–2, 49–52, 176, 177

elections 136–7, 138, 191, 321, 323

Elephant Tavern, Manchester 46

Elson, William 138, 221, 233–4, 254

Engels, Friedrich 32

England, John (informant ‘E.H.’) 82

Escher, Hans Caspar 23–5, 29, 30, 223

Ethelston, Reverend Charles Wicksted:

church and state 42;

education 41;

Manchester mass meeting plans 204;

power of print 49;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 224, 248, 251, 252;

spies and informants 55, 58–9, 81, 82, 83, 100;

The Suicide 41

Evans, William 43, 100–1

Exchange Buildings, Manchester 42

factories 21, 23, 24, 26, 28, 30, 56, 143, 223, 291

Fawcett, Millicent 323

female participation 169–77, 180–5, 219–21, 244, 323

Female Reform Societies 170–2, 175–7, 180–5, 237–8, 244, 289, 298, 323

female suffrage 13, 67, 175, 176, 321, 323

Ferrand, Thomas 306, 308

Fielding, Henry 44

Fildes, Henry Hunt 185

Fildes, John Cartwright 185

Fildes, Mary 184, 185, 237, 238, 241, 244, 265, 281, 323, 325

Fildes, Thomas Paine 185

Fildes, William (child casualty) 254, 255, 259

Fildes, William (husband of Mary) 184

Fischer, Johann Conrad 24, 25–6

Fitton, Thomas 219

Fitton, William 48, 69, 146, 147, 172, 195

Fitz-Walton (racehorse) 158

Fitzwilliam, Lord 157–9, 313

Fleming, Samuel 58, 81, 82

Fletcher, Colonel Ralph 42, 56, 200, 206, 210, 211, 224, 248

Fox, Charles James 3, 72, 73

Frame Breaking Act 4

Frankenstein (Mary Shelley) 11

A Freeborn Englishman! (Cruikshank) 311

Free Trade Hall, Manchester xi

French Revolution 3, 37, 38, 45, 85, 164, 173, 180

Gagging Acts 87, 92

Garratt Mill 21

Gaskell, Elizabeth 32

gas lamps 20, 24

Gaunt, Elizabeth 184, 244, 281

general elections 138, 321

George I, King 251, 252

George III, King 36, 38, 71, 72, 76, 83, 86, 298, 315

George, Prince Regent (later George IV):

appearance 71;

ascends throne 315;

Blanket March 91, 92, 93, 106, 111;

Corn Laws 147;

coronation 315;

death of Sheridan 73;

Ethelston’s spies 59, 60;

Hampden Club 58;

health 74–5;

Hunt petitions 79;

Manchester Declaration and Remonstrance 148, 149, 152;

Manchester mass meeting plans 164;

Parliament opening and closing 71, 74–8, 80;

Peterloo aftermath 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 313;

private life 72;

public reaction 241;

Reform Societies 45;

reputation 73–4;

royal attacks 80, 84, 86, 87;

spies and informants 81, 82, 83;

death of 74

Gibney, Dr William 7, 8, 9

Gillray, James 3

Gin Lane (Hogarth) 29

Glorious Revolution 35, 94, 106

‘God Save Great George Our King’ (national anthem) 241, 242

Golden Cross, London 79

The Gorgon 135

Gould, Henry 18–19, 27

Grahame, Thomas 36

Grant, Major-General Colquhoun 7, 8

Great Expectations (Dickens) 308n

Great Reform Act 320, 321

Grey, Lord Charles 319, 320

Griffiths, Major Edwin 7, 8, 161

Grundy, Edward 203

The Guardian 319n

guns 162, 253, 278, 280

Habeas Corpus 84, 86–8, 91, 93, 95, 114, 134, 149, 170

Haigh Hall 17

Hampden Clubs:

Bamford and Healey 112;

Blanket March 91, 95;

Cobbett on 60–1;

Crown and Anchor meeting 63, 67–71;

general election 138;

origins 48–9, 56, 58;

parliamentary petitions 78;

Prince Regent attack 80;

radical literature 86;

spies and informants 59, 81, 82, 83, 124;

universal suffrage 321

Hampden, John 48, 141, 177n

Hancox, Major Skinner 8, 162, 163

Handel, George Frideric 213, 241, 243

Hanging Ditch, Manchester 30, 151, 239

Hanoverian monarchy 35, 36, 37, 241–2, 251

Hansard, T. C. 49

Hardie, Keir 323

Hargreaves, James 21

Hargreaves, Sarah 184

Harland, John 168–9, 211

Harmer, James 308, 309

Harrison, Reverend Joseph 141, 142, 269

Harrison, William 45, 235, 241, 260, 305

Harrowby, Lord 318

Hart, William 43

Havell II, Robert 136–7

Hay, Reverend William Robert:

Bamford arrests 112, 317;

Blanket March 105, 107;

Campsmount 157;

Dewsbury insurrection 120;

Manchester mass meeting plans 188, 204–5;

Peterloo massacre 224, 233, 246–52, 281;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 297, 299;

Salford Quarter Sessions 41, 44;

spies and informants 55

Hayward, John 209

Hazlitt, William 312–13

Healey, Dr Joseph:

appearance 10;

background to Peterloo 13;

and Bamford 10–12, 111–12, 113, 114;

Blanket March aftermath 108, 111;

Manchester mass meeting plans 210–11;

Peterloo aftermath 290, 294, 310;

St Peter’s Field meeting 234, 235;

sentencing 316

Henry III, King 94

Hertford House, London 72

Hertford, Marchioness of (Lady Isabella Seymour-Conway) 72

History of the Reign of George III (Baines) 125

Hobhouse, Henry 138, 142, 152, 159, 191–5, 203–4, 210, 299–300

Hobhouse, John Cam 292

Hogarth, William 29, 42

Holland, Sir Henry 125

Holt, David 21

Holt, Richard 225

Home Office:

Bamford and Healey arrest 113;

Dorset House 55–6;

Hobhouse 138;

Manchester mass meeting plans 199, 203, 204;

Peterloo massacre 225, 248, 299;

reform movement 5;

salaries 55;

spies and informants 55, 81, 83, 122, 125, 129

Hone, William ii, 300, 301

horse racing 7, 157, 158, 159, 204

Horton, Henry 238

Hougoumont 6, 7, 278

Houldsworth mill, Manchester 99

House of Commons:

Blanket March petition 93;

Charles I 48;

Corn Laws 147;

fire 320;

Hampden Club 63;

Hunt and reform 67;

Knight imprisonment 127;

Labour Party 323;

Manchester mass meeting plans 191, 194;

Manchester radicals 149;

parliamentary reform 13;

Parliament opening and closing 71, 76, 77;

Perceval assassination 2;

petitions 46;

property 40;

spies and informants 84, 125, 133;

women’s reform 172, 175, 182, 184;

working hours 26

House of Lords 71, 72, 75, 77, 80, 84, 149, 320

housing 28, 29, 30

Hughes, Robert 225, 262, 271, 275

Huish, Robert 73, 74, 77, 109

Hulme, John 278

Hulme Barracks 162–3, 283

Hulton, Jonathan 107

Hulton, William 42, 192, 224–5, 228, 240, 246–50, 255, 258–9, 270–3, 281, 299

Hulton Park 17, 42

Hunt, Henry ‘Orator’:

appearance 64, 65–6;

background 66–7;

Bamford on 64, 65–6;

and Cobbett 67, 111;

Female Reform Societies 183, 184, 185;

general election 138, 139–40;

Grey and reform 320, 321;

Hampden Club 69–71;

insurrection hangings 128, 129;

Manchester mass meeting plans 187, 191, 193, 195–203, 205–7, 210, 216, 220, 221;

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145, 146, 147;

Manchester radicals 150–4;

mass meetings 64–5;

Memoirs 197, 207, 237, 243, 316;

as MP for Preston 320;

parliamentary petitions 78–80;

Peterloo massacre 263, 268–71, 279–83;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 285, 288, 294, 295, 300, 310, 312, 318, 324, 325;

Princess Charlotte death 129–30;

private life 67;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 224, 225, 229, 234–41, 242–9, 251, 253, 256–8, 259, 261–3;

trial of Hunt and fellows 315, 316, 317

Hussars 7–8, 10, 151, 161–5, 253, 258, 270–8, 280, 283, 289, 293, 307

hymns 212, 213, 241

Ilchester gaol 316

income tax 2, 68

Industrial Revolution 2, 21

infantry 162, 253, 283

informants 48, 55, 56, 92, 94, 100, 123, 148

Ings, James 318

insurrection 122, 124, 128, 247, 324

Ireland 21, 70, 72, 98

Ireland, Betty 307

Irwell, River 17, 21, 40

Jacobins 3, 38, 39, 83

Jacobites 35–6, 37, 38, 168, 241

Jacob’s Well Brewery, Bristol 67

James II, King 35, 55

Jenkinson, Robert see Liverpool, Lord

Jeremiah Brandreth… Beheaded for High Treason at Derby (Neele) 130

Joan of Arc 175

John, King 94

Johnson, Joseph:

Manchester mass meeting plans 195, 196, 197–8;

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145;

Manchester radicals 151–3, 154;

Peterloo massacre 237, 239, 243, 245, 247, 248, 263, 280;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 288, 310, 316

Johnston, John:

Blanket March 91, 92, 94, 95, 98, 101, 109;

Female Reform Societies 176;

Hampden Club 81;

march to Manchester 142;

prison release 140;

Sandy Brow speakers 140, 141;

trial and incarceration 176

Jolliffe, Lieutenant William 163, 253, 271, 272, 273, 276–80

Jones, Ann 277, 286

Jones, John 276–7, 293

Jones, William Oliver see Oliver, Mr

Judas Maccabaeus (Handel) 241

Kennedy, Daniel 190

Kennedy, John 22

Kennington Common, London 154, 321

Kershaw, James 293

King’s Dragoons 105, 107

Kipling, Rudyard 164

Kitchen, Alice 170, 172, 173, 174, 323

Knight, John:

Blanket March 92, 94, 101, 109;

Female Reform Societies 171, 172, 174;

imprisonment 47, 48, 126–7;

Macclesfield meeting 58;

Manchester mass meeting plans 205;

Manchester Observer 134;

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145, 146–7;

Peterloo massacre 231, 235, 237, 243, 247, 248, 256, 264;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 288, 310, 316;

prison release 133;

reform movement 45–6, 47;

spies and informants 81

Knight, Joseph 45

Knight, William 45

Knowe (Knowl) Hill 11, 111

Labour Party 323n, 324

Lancashire:

Blanket March 92;

Hampden Clubs 48;

local politics 38;

magistrates 138, 224;

Manchester geography 17;

Manchester mass meeting plans 187, 209, 211;

Manchester politics 39, 153;

monarchy 35;

parliamentary reform 13;

Peterloo aftermath 310;

women’s reform 170, 323

‘Lancashire Hymn’ (Bamford) 175

Lancashire Witches 10, 151, 167–9, 185

‘Lancashire Witches’ (song) 168–9

The Lancashire Witches (Ainsworth) 167n

Lancaster Assizes 42, 310, 319

Lancaster Castle 43, 47, 167

Langley Dingle 216

Lark’s Hole 111

La Trobe, John 213–14

laudanum 74, 75

laurel branches 217

Law of Libel 93

Leeds Intelligencer 135, 171

Leeds Mercury 119, 120, 125, 159n, 244

Lee, George Augustus 24

Lees, Hannah 303, 304, 305

Lees, James 303

Lees, John:

Peterloo massacre 13, 14, 235, 236, 275, 276, 303–10;

Waterloo 1, 6, 9, 305

Lees, Mary 221

Lees, Robert 235, 304, 305, 308–10

Lees, Thomas 303, 304, 305

Lees and Saddleworth Union 234

Leicester, Sir John Fleming 188

Leigh 170, 185, 200

Leopold, Prince, of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 72, 129, 158–9

L’Estrange, George 160, 161

L’Estrange, Lieutenant Colonel George Guy Carleton 160–2, 204, 249, 251, 253, 270–3, 283, 297

L’Estrange, Sarah 161

Levellers 97n, 98

Lincoln gaol 316

Liverpool 17, 20, 21, 142, 312

Liverpool, Lord (Robert Jenkinson) 4, 72, 76, 188n, 313, 315, 318

Liverpool Mercury 231, 242

Livesey, John 95, 96, 97, 98, 101, 141

Lloyd, John 58, 84, 92, 142, 143

Lloyd George, David 323

Locke, John 177n

London 92, 101, 177, 180, 242

London Hampden Club 49, 63, 128, 139

Long Mill, Manchester 22

Louis XVI, King 3, 38, 161

Louis XVIII, King 161

Luddite Revolt 2, 4, 25, 45, 138

Macclesfield 58, 291

Mace, as symbol of royal authority 75

Magna Carta 83, 94, 106

Mahon, James 43–4

Major, William 43

The Making of the English Working Class (Thompson) 124n

Manchester:

Ancoats 21–2;

Bamford on 11;

Blanket March 92, 105–6, 108, 111;

building construction 30–2;

Byng as Northern District commander 7, 157, 159–60;

European visitors 23;

Female Reform Societies 170, 182;

geography 17;

government 39–40;

Hampden Clubs 48;

health 26, 28;

history 17;

housing 28;

industry 17, 20, 21, 22–3, 25–6, 32;

Jacobites 35–6;

January meeting 242;

lithographs 18–19, 27;

local politics 38–9;

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145–6;

Manchester radicals 147–9, 150–4;

mass meeting plans 162, 187, 188, 190–2, 194–6, 198–203, 204–10, 212, 220;

Methodist education 52;

monarchy 35;

MPs 320;

parliamentary reform 13;

Peterloo massacre 268–72, 277–80, 282–3;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 288–9, 291, 312, 323;

A Plan of St Peter’s Field 226–7;

pollution 23;

population 20, 21, 247;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 223–5, 228–36, 237, 239–43, 247, 250, 253, 254;

spies and informants 133;

textile industry 20–1, 23–6, 30;

wages 29–30

Manchester and Salford Yeomanry Cavalry:

Blanket March 187;

Manchester mass meeting plans 189, 191, 195;

Peterloo massacre 229, 249–50, 253–4, 257–8, 264–5, 270–2, 276, 283;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 288, 308, 319

Manchester Chronicle 238, 250, 255, 259, 270, 274, 281, 282

Manchester Courier 138, 290

Manchester Declaration and Remonstrance 152

Manchester Female Reform Society (MFRS) 181–5, 237, 244, 298

Manchester Grammar School 50, 228

Manchester Guardian 319

Manchester Infirmary 31, 280, 291, 292

Manchester Mercury 36, 43, 138, 171, 188, 289

Manchester Observer:

Bamford 138;

closes 318;

Female Reform Societies 181;

and Hunt 152, 153;

Manchester mass meeting plans 187, 189–95, 201n;

origins 134–5;

Peterloo massacre 244, 265, 282, 286, 292, 300

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145–6, 151, 152, 167

Manchester Pitt Club 42

Manchester Ship Canal 20

‘The Man in the Moon’ (pamphlet) 301

Marie-Antoinette, Queen 38, 173

Market Street, Manchester 27, 135, 286

Marks, J. Lewis 178–9, 181

The Masque of Anarchy (Shelley) 317

May, Johann Georg 23, 25, 31

McAlpine, Lieutenant James 163

McConnel, James 22

McConnel & Kennedy Mill (Old Mill) 22

McGregor, Lieutenant Colonel 253

McKinnel, James 252, 264

Meagher, Edward 255, 260, 293, 319

Medlock, River 17, 21, 22

The Medusa 135

Members of Parliament 136–7, 192, 194, 320, 321

Memoirs (Hunt) 153, 197, 207, 237, 243, 316

Mersey, River 17

Methodists 10, 26, 37n, 50, 51, 52, 212, 213

MFRS see Manchester Female Reform Society

Middleton:

Bamford 10, 38, 39, 50;

Birley case 319;

Blanket March 100, 101, 102, 108;

Hampden Club 48, 63, 82;

Manchester mass meeting plans 202, 211, 215, 216–19;

Peterloo massacre 232–5, 240, 256, 264–5, 278, 288, 290;

Sunday School 51

Midland Hotel, Manchester xi

mills 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 143

Milton, John 12

Mitchell, Betty 43

Mitchell, John 26

Mitchell, Joseph 98, 101, 122, 124

Molyneux, Anthony 188

monarchy 35, 37, 38, 83, 94, 148

Monmouth rebellion 55

‘monster’ meetings 5, 64–5, 145, 153–4, 321

Montagu, Elizabeth 177

Moore, Archibald 275

Moore, John 225

Moorhouse, James 145, 196, 239, 243, 247, 248, 264, 288, 310

Morning Chronicle 69, 78, 80, 171

Morning Star 321

Morris, William 209, 211

Morville, Lucy 235

Moss, Mrs Anne 56

Motte, C. E. P. 322

Much wanted Reform among females!!! (Marks) 178–9, 181

Mulgrave, Lord 160

Murray, Adam 22

Murray, George 22

Murray, James ‘Gingerbread’ 205–6, 207, 209, 216

Murray, Lord James 77

Murrays’ Mill, Manchester 22

music 210–15, 219, 220, 234, 236, 237, 241, 243, 245

Mutrie, Robert 275, 289

Nadin, Joseph:

appearance 44–5;

Bagguley, Johnston and Drummond arrests 142;

and Bamford 44–5, 112;

Blanket March 107;

character 44;

Manchester mass meeting plans 203;

Peterloo massacre 225, 228, 246, 248–9, 251, 255, 263, 264, 268–70, 282, 294–5;

Prentice on 45;

reform movement 46, 47

Napoleon Bonaparte 1, 23, 160, 161

Napoleonic Wars 45, 163

national anthem 241, 242

Neele, Samuel John 130

Nelson, Lord 3, 100n

New Bailey Prison, Salford 40–3, 47, 108, 112, 203, 218, 281, 312

New Cross, Manchester 23, 289

New Islington, Manchester 60, 83, 95

Newspaper and Stamp Duties Act 313

The New Times 16, 238, 269

Newton, Sir Isaac 177n

Nidd Hall, Yorkshire 161

Norris, James 43, 112, 142, 191–5, 203–4, 207, 224, 248, 289, 312

Northmore, Thomas 48

O’Connor, Feargus 321

Odd Fellows 211

‘Ode to a Plotting Parson’ (Bamford) 317

O’Donnell, Lieutenant Charles Rutledge 163

Ogden, Sam 233

Ogden, Thomas 219

Ogden, William 81–2, 293

Oldham 48, 235, 303, 306, 310, 315, 316, 318

Oldham Female Reform Society 238

Oldham, John (informant ‘A.B.’) 82–3

Oldham Street, Manchester 234, 289

Old Mill (McConnel & Kennedy Mill) 22

Old Sarum, Wiltshire 13, 320

Oliver, Mr (W. J. Richards) 119, 120–5, 128, 129, 148

O’Neil, Mary 293

Orangemen 211

Owen, Richard 247, 248

Paget, Henry William, Earl of Uxbridge 7

Paine, Thomas 3, 38–9, 141, 149, 151, 183, 312–13

‘Pains and Penalties’ Bill 315

Palace of Westminster 78, 79, 320

Palace Yard 79, 147, 292

Palmerin (racehorse) 158

Pankhurst, Emmeline 321

Parkinson, Martha 293

parliamentary reform 4–5, 12–13, 45, 48–9, 53, 67, 86, 218, 231, 243, 319, 323

A Parody on the Political House that Jack Built (pamphlet) 313

Passages in the Life of a Radical (Bamford) 112

Peasants’ Revolt 106

penal colonies 43

Pendle witch trials 10, 167

People’s Charters 321

Perceval, Spencer 2, 4

‘PETER-LOO’ (poem) 286–7, 300

Peterloo massacre:

aftermath 285, 286, 291, 303, 310;

background 13–14;

Bamford on 279–80;

casualties 14, 254, 255, 259, 263, 264, 268, 274, 277–8, 282–3, 291–3, 303, 316;

cavalry advance 259–61;

Cruikshank image 266–7;

Hussars 272–3, 278–9;

lasting impact 323–5;

The Masque of Anarchy (Shelley) 317;

meeting attendance numbers 241;

overview 268–72, 277–80, 282–3;

Peterloo name 286, 287;

Relief Fund Committee 292;

Stanley account 229–31

‘Peter-Loo Massacre!’ (pamphlet) 286

Peterloo Massacre (Wroe) 308

The Peterloo Massacre (Cruikshank engraving) 266–7

Petty Sessions 40, 41

Philips and Lee spinning mill 24

Philips, Captain Frederick Charles 162, 163

Philips, Francis 190–1

pikes 189, 190, 195

Pitt the Younger, William 2, 49, 86

A Plan of St Peter’s Field (Wheeler) 226–7

Plasket, Mr T. H. 55

The Political House that Jack Built (pamphlet) 300–1

Political Unions 48, 119, 170

Poole, Robert xii

Pope, Alexander 12

Pott, Thomas 169

Prentice, Archibald:

French Revolution 38;

on Hanoverians and Jacobites 37;

on magistrates 44;

Manchester government 40;

Manchester Guardian 319;

Manchester mass meeting plans 189;

Manchester politics 36, 38–9;

on Nadin 45;

Peterloo aftermath 232, 290–2, 294, 310, 323

Priestly, Samuel 108

Prince Regent see George, Prince Regent

Pritchard, Mary see Fildes, Mary

The Public Ledger and Daily Advertiser 177, 180

Quaker Meeting House, Manchester xi, 31, 32, 223, 253, 254, 277, 278, 287, 293

Quakers 37n

Quarter Sessions 40, 41, 43

Queensbury, Lord 158

race meetings 158, 159, 204

radical literature 41, 86, 87, 313

radicals 3, 5, 36, 134–5, 140–2, 147, 152, 243, 313, 324

Raines, F. R. 42

Ratcliffe, Elizabeth 293

Rawlinson, William 21

Rawson, Sarah 161

Ray, James 168

reading 49, 50

Redford, Thomas 265, 319

reform movement:

Bamford on education 51;

Blanket March 92, 93;

Cobbett 49;

Female Reform Societies 169–75, 180–5;

general election 138, 139;

Grey and reform 319, 320;

Hampden Clubs 48, 60–1, 68, 69;

Knight imprisonment 126, 127;

Manchester mass meeting plans 65, 163, 189, 191, 199, 205, 218;

Manchester Observer 134;

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145;

Manchester politics 39;

Manchester radicals 38, 67, 147, 152;

overview 4–5;

Peterloo massacre 231, 233, 243, 312, 316, 323;

Prince Regent attack 80, 86;

Reform Societies 45–6;

sedition arrests 142–3;

spies and informants 57–8, 83

Reform Societies 45, 169, 176

Reign of Terror 3, 173

‘Rejoice the Lord is King’ (Wesley) 213

Relief Fund Committee 292

religion 41–2, 50, 52, 212–13

Representation of the election of Members of Parliament for Westminster (Havell) 136–7

The Republican 285

Rhodes, John 293–4

Richard II, King 75, 106

Richards, W. J. see Oliver, Mr

Richardson, Thomas 293

The Rights of Man (Paine) 3, 38

Riot Act 234, 246, 251–2, 275, 289, 290

Robespierre, Maximilien 3

Rochdale 48, 170, 212, 214–15, 219, 221, 233–4, 320

Rochdale canal 22

Romilly, Sir Samuel 139

Rook, Private William 278

rotten boroughs 13

Royal George, HMY 298

Royal Horse Artillery 6, 7, 9, 162, 253

Royton 48, 170

Royton Female Reform Society 183, 238

Rufus, William 75

‘Rule Britannia!’ (song) 241

rush carts 39, 211, 212, 214, 215

sabres 164, 190–1, 202, 258–62, 264–5, 268, 273, 275, 293

St Ann’s Church, Manchester 30

St Ann’s Square, Manchester 52

St Giles’s slum, London 29

St Paul’s Church, London 139

St Peter’s Church, Manchester 31, 105, 192, 223, 239, 256

St Peter’s Field, Manchester:

background to Peterloo 14;

Blanket March 96, 101, 106;

Female Reform Societies 185;

Manchester mass meeting plans 159, 163, 189, 205, 210, 214, 215;

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145;

map 226–7;

meeting attendance numbers 241, 247;

meeting day 223–5, 228–36, 239–43, 250, 252–6, 257–61;

Peterloo massacre 268–72, 277–80, 282–3;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 286, 299, 318, 324

Salford 17, 20, 23, 24, 82, 188, 247, 320

Salisbury Gaol 126

Salvin’s Factory 22

Sandy Brow 140

Saxton, John Thacker:

Female Reform Societies 169, 181, 184;

Manchester mass meeting plans 194, 196;

Manchester Observer 134, 135;

Manchester radicals 149–50;

Peterloo massacre 244, 252, 264, 282, 310, 316

Saxton, Susannah 135, 146, 181–3, 237, 265

Scarbrough, Lord 158

Scharf, George 136–7

schooling 41, 51, 52

Scott, James, Duke of Monmouth 55

sedition 95, 98, 101, 123, 142, 225, 246

Seditious Meetings Act 86, 87

Seditious Meetings Prevention Bill 313

‘See the Conquering Hero Comes’ (Handel) 241, 243

Seymour-Conway, Lady Isabella, Marchioness of Hertford 72

Shelley, Mary 11

Shelley, Percy Bysshe 317

Sheppard, Elizabeth 220

Sheridan, Richard Brinsley 3, 73

Sherwin, William 139

Sherwin’s Weekly Political Register 127, 133, 285

Ship Canal, Manchester 20

Shooters Brook Mill 22

Sidmouth, Lord (Henry Addington):

appearance 113;

Bamford and Healey arrests 112–14, 116;

Blanket March 100, 101, 108;

declining health 138;

Habeas Corpus 84–5, 86, 133;

Home Office 55, 72, 138;

Knight imprisonment 126, 127;

Liverpool cabinet assassination plot 318;

Manchester mass meeting plans 187, 188, 193, 195, 203, 204, 207, 210;

Manchester radicals 152;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 297, 299–300, 308, 313;

on reform 4–5, 11;

royal attacks 80, 87;

Sandy Brow radical speakers 141;

spies and informants 58, 60, 122, 123, 125;

State Opening of Parliament 76, 80;

tax system 2

Sir Arthur (racehorse) 158, 159, 204

Six Acts 313, 324

A Slap at Slop and the Bridge-Street Gang (Hone) ii

slavery 20

Smedley Cottage, Cheetham Hill, Manchester 196–8, 201, 203, 205, 234–7, 288

Smith, Jeremiah 228

Smith, John 231, 232, 242, 244, 245, 247, 260, 282, 316

Smithfield, London 153, 201, 205, 269

Soho Foundry (Peel, Williams & Co.) 22

‘A Song of Slaughter’ (Bamford) 317, 318

songs 212–14, 220, 241, 242

Southernes, Elizabeth (‘Old Demdike’) 167

Southey, Robert 64n

Spa Fields, London 64, 65, 257, 318

Spence, Thomas 65

spies:

Blanket March 92, 94, 95, 98–100;

Dewsbury insurrection 122–3;

Hay and Ethelston 55, 58, 59;

Home Office 56;

insurrection escalation 125;

Manchester petition 133;

Manchester radicals 39, 148, 205–6;

reform movement 5;

St Peter’s Field meeting 228;

Sandy Brow radical speakers 141

spinning 2, 20–5, 29

The Sporting Magazine or Monthly Calendar 158

Spread Eagle Inn, Manchester 151

Stamford, Earl of 299

Stanley, Reverend Edward 229–32, 240, 245–6, 252, 254, 259, 261–3, 268–70, 274–5, 280–2, 293

The Star (newspaper) 200

Star Inn, Deansgate, Manchester 205, 224, 236, 239, 253, 285, 308

Statesman (newspaper) 57, 292

steam power 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26

Stewart, Robert see Castlereagh, Lord

Stockport 48, 58, 92, 140, 142, 170, 196, 291

Stockport Female Reform Society 176, 183

strikes 56–7, 140, 141, 142, 143

Stuarts 35, 36

Stubbs, George 158

Suffield Arms, Middleton 288

suffrage 13, 69, 70, 175, 321

suffragettes 321

suffragists 323

The Suicide (Ethelston) 41

Sunday Schools 26, 28, 50, 51, 52, 92, 318

Tabley House, Knutsford 188

Tate, John 289

Tatton, Thomas William 229

taverns 38, 200, 289

taxation 2, 45, 68, 93, 110, 111, 148, 174, 313

Taylor, John Edward 290, 291, 292, 318

textile industry 1, 2, 20–1, 23–6, 30, 140, 172

Thackeray & Whitehead’s Garratt Mill 21

Thackwell, Captain Joseph 8

Theatre Royal, Manchester 31, 151

Thistlewood, Arthur 65, 318

Thompson, E. P. 66n, 124n

Thornhill Lees 120, 121

The Times 29, 135, 200, 224, 238, 239, 263, 290–1, 298

‘Tommy’ (Kipling) 164

Tories 3, 37, 72, 134, 320

Tothill Fields gaol 127

Townshend, Lieutenant Colonel 253, 270, 299

Trade Unionism 323, 324

Trafalgar, Battle of 3, 100n

Trafford, Major Thomas Joseph 189, 190, 249, 299

Trafford Hall 189

transportation 43, 313

Treason Act 86, 87

‘Tuke’ (artist) 201

Turner, J. M. W. 188

Turner, William 124, 128

Tyas, John:

Peterloo massacre 224, 232, 264, 270, 280–2;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 290, 291, 293, 299, 316;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 238, 239, 243–5, 253, 256, 260, 263

Union Hymn 115

Union Rooms, Manchester 181–3, 185

Union Rooms, Oldham 318

Union Society 152

Union Sunday School, Manchester 318

Unitarians 37n

universal suffrage 45, 68, 69, 71, 139, 140, 148, 180, 183, 205, 321

Uxbridge, Earl of (Henry William Paget) 7

Victoria, Queen 129

Victory at Peterloo (Cruikshank) ii

Vince, Mrs Catherine 67, 139

A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (Wollstonecraft) 177

Vivian, Lieutenant General Sir Hussey 7

von Blücher, Field Marshal Gebhard Leberecht 7

voting rights 13, 69–70, 170, 175, 183, 321, 324

wages 29–30

Waterloo, Battle of 6–9, 14, 23, 32, 161, 163, 165, 182, 277, 286, 287, 298, 305

water power 21, 22

Watson-Wentworth, Charles 158

weapons:

guns 162, 253, 278;

Manchester mass meeting plans 199, 202, 216, 218;

Peterloo massacre 228, 235, 250, 290;

pikes 189, 190, 195;

sabres 164, 190–1, 202, 258–62, 264–5, 268, 273, 275, 293

Weatherley, James 135, 254–5, 260

weaving 2, 21, 25–6, 30, 234

Weekly Political Register (Cobbett) 49, 70, 84, 111

Welch, Peter 293

Wellington, Duke of 1, 6, 7, 10, 72, 158, 160, 162, 298, 319

Wentworth Woodhouse 158

Wesley, Charles 50, 213

Wesley, John 50

Westminster 138–40, 145, 321

Westminster Bridge 318

Westminster Hall 80, 147, 320

Westminster School 160

West Riding of Yorkshire 209, 212

Wheeler, C. 226–7

Whigs 3, 37, 71, 72, 134, 139, 158, 320

Whistlejacket (racehorse) 158

Whiteford, Captain John 8, 163, 278

White Moss, near Middleton 205, 216

Whitworth, John 209

Wild, Edward 43

Wilkinson, Thomas 211

Willams, Mr 120, 121, 122

William III, King (of Orange) 35, 211n

William IV, King 320

Windmill public house, Manchester 230

Windsor Castle 71

witchcraft 10, 167–9

Wollstonecraft, Mary 177

Wolseley, Sir Charles 153, 191, 195, 196, 312

Women’s March on Versailles 173

women’s roles:

earnings 29;

education 176, 177;

employment 176;

Female Reform Societies 170–2, 173, 180–5;

Manchester mass meeting plans 219–20, 221;

Peterloo massacre 265, 268, 278, 279, 281, 282;

Reform Societies 169, 176–7;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 230–1, 237–41, 244, 254, 258, 260;

textile industry 172

Women’s Social and Political Union 321

women’s vote 170, 321, 323

Wooler, Thomas 87–8, 94–5, 190

working class 3, 49, 50, 51, 110, 323

Worrall, Thomas 223, 259

Wrigley, Joseph 235, 236, 262, 275

writing 49, 50, 51

Wroe, James:

Manchester mass meeting plans 201n, 205;

Manchester Observer 134, 135, 285–6, 318, 319;

Manchester Patriotic Union Society 145, 146;

Manchester radicals 148, 151;

Peterloo massacre 244, 257, 285–6, 308;

Peterloo Massacre book 308

Wyatt, James 31

Yates, Mary 219–20, 240

Yeomanry Cavalry:

Blanket March 101;

Manchester mass meeting plans 187–91, 195, 202;

Peterloo massacre 268–73, 274–9;

Peterloo massacre aftermath 292, 297, 307, 309, 316, 319;

St Peter’s Field meeting day 246, 249, 251, 253–8, 259–65, 280

York 158, 159, 312, 315

Yorkshire 124, 157, 170, 209, 212

Yorkshire Gazette 159n