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Aalto, Alvar, 332
Abba, Marta, 191
Abel, John, 103
Abel, Wolfgang, 310
Abetz, Otto, 409
Abraham, David: The Collapse of the Weimar Republic, 737
Abraham, Karl, 274, 505
Achebe, Chinua, 51, 706, 713; Things Fall Apart, 460–2, 470
Adams, Franklin P., 217
Adamson, George, 608, 609?
Adamson, Joy, 608, 609?
Addison, Thomas, 103
Adler, Alfred, 15, 138, 142
Adler, Dankmar, 81
Adorno, Theodor, 225–6, 306, 308, 357, 376, 435, 502; The Authoritarian Personality, 434–5
Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), 737–8
Afar Triangle, Ethiopia, 612
Africa: archaeology of, 726–9; chimpanzees studied in, 609–10; Conrad on, 49–50; elephants studied in, 611–12; gorillas studied in, 610–11; lions studied in, 608; as supposed origin of classical civilisation, 727–8; universities in, 73; see also Laetoli; Negro peoples; Olduvai Gorge; Rift Valley; individual countries
Agadir crisis (1911), 172
Agnew, Spiro, 644–5
Agostinelli, Alfred, 199
Ahlquist, Raymond, 659
Akhmatova, Anna, 323
al-Azhar college-mosque, Cairo, 73
Albers, Josef, 305, 355
Aldrin, Edward (‘Buzz’), 568
Alexander, Franz, 223, 274, 505
Algonquin Hotel, New York, 217
Algren, Nelson, 421–3
Allen, Paul, 605
Althusser, Louis, 626–7, 632
Alvarez, Lucy and Walter, 687
Amis, Kingsley, 464, 469
Anand, Mulk Raj, 709
Anders, Bill, 573
Anderson, Philip, 748
Angelou, Maya, 528–9, 705
Anka, Paul, 457
Anna O see Pappenheim, Bertha
Annalen der Physik (periodical), 93
Annales d’histoire économique et social (journal): ‘Annales’ school of historians, 467, 557–8, 560, 735
Anouilh, Jean, 412–13, 640
Apollinaire, Guillaume, 24, 128–9, 131, 142, 145, 203
‘Apu’, trilogy (films), 712
Aquinas, St Thomas, 678
Aragon, Louis, 163, 203, 334, 409
Arden, John, 464
Ardrey, Robert, 607, 616
Arendt, Hannah, 6, 307–9, 354, 435–6, 441, 447, 552, 592; Eichmann in Jerusalem, 435, 504–5
Ariès, Philippe: Centuries of Childhood, 557
Armstrong, Neil, 566, 568
Arnold, Matthew, 74, 234
Aron, Raymond, 306, 408, 412, 447, 626; Progress and Disillusion, 545
Arp, Hans, 161–2
Arrow, Kenneth, 649
Artaud, Antonin, 640
Arteaga, Melchor, 119
Artists in Exile exhibition, New York (1942), 355
Arup, Ove & Partners, 622
Ashbery, John, 512
Ash worth, Dawn, 682–3
Astor, Nancy, 128
Asturias, Miguel Angel, 706–7
Ataturk, Kemal Mustafa, 351
Athens Charter (1933), 331
Atlan, Jean, 414
Atomic Energy Commission, 507
Attlee, Clement, 384
Auden, Wystan Hugh, 239, 328, 332–4, 346, 386, 592, 761; ‘Spain’, 334
Audry, Colette, 422
Auschwitz, 311
Austen, Jane, 276
Australia: universities, 73
Austria: annexed by Germany, 306, 380; refugees in USA, 350
Austro-Hungarian Empire, 26, 36; consequences of 1919 peace, 180
Authoritarian Personality, The (report), 435
Averbakh, Leopold, 324
Avery, Oswald Thomas, 374
Ayer, A. J., 235, 306
Baader, Johannes, 163
Babbage, Charles, 252
Babbitt, George F. (fictional character), 208–10, 212, 280
Babbitt, Milton, 623–4
Babel, Isaac, 324
Bacon, Commander R. H., 50
Baekeland, Leo Hendrik, 96–8, 107, 343
Baez, Joan, 523
Bahr, Hermann, 28–9
Bak, Per, 747–8
Baker, Josephine, 523
Bakst, Leon, 130
Balanchine, George, 130, 358–9
Balázs, Béla, 181–3
Baldwin, James, 459–60, 462, 470, 523, 526–8, 762; The Fire Next Time, 459
Ball, Hugo, 161–2
Ballets Russes, 130
Balzac, Honoré de, 234
Bamberger, Louis, 303
Banes, Sally, 514
Banham, Reyner, 622
Barbusse, Henri, 157
Bardeen, John, 476–8, 615n
Barlach, Ernst, 300–1, 313
Barnacle, Nora, 193
Barnard, Dr Christian, 660
Barnes, Albert, 216
Barnes, Ernest William, Bishop of
Birmingham: Scientific Theory and Religion, 289–91
Barr, Alfred, 353, 510, 622
Barraqué, Jean, 623
Barrett, William, 233
Barrow, John, 758; Impossibility: The Limits of Science and the Science of Limits, 766–7
Barth, Karl, 576
Barthes, Roland, 624, 627, 634–8, 679
Bartók, Béla, 181, 356, 376; Bluebeard’s Castle, 182
Bataille, Georges, 408
Bateson, Gregory, 277, 502
Bateson, William, 318
Baudelaire, Charles, 43, 52, 162
Bauhaus, 223–4, 300, 304, 332
Baumeister, Willi, 351
Bayreuth, 56
Beach, Sylvia, 193–4, 215, 409
Beardsley, Aubrey, 35
Beaubourg Centre see Pompidou Centre
Beauvoir, Simone de, 409–11, 413–15, 421–2, 425, 429, 529; The Second Sex, 423
Bechet, Sidney, 413
Beckett, Samuel, 286, 346, 412, 414, 416–17, 640, 718; Waiting for Godot,
416–18
Beckmann, Max, 157, 300, 302, 313, 350, 355
Becquerel, Henri, 91
Beecham, Sir Thomas, 53
Behrens, Peter, 223, 332
Behrensmeyer, Kay, 613
Behrman, David, 514
Beijing University (Beida), 178–9
Belafonte, Harry, 523, 599
Bell, Clive, 127, 201, 340
Bell, Daniel, 439, 447. 454. 599, 605, 620, 761; The Coming of Post-Industrial Society, 592–3; The Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism, 593–4; The End of Ideology, 437–9, 537, 592; The Public Interest (as editor, with
Irving Kristol), 704
Bell Telephone Laboratories, Murray
Hill, New Jersey, 476–7, 569
Belloc, Hilaire, 339
Bellow, Saul: Dangling Man and other titles, 719–20, 721
Bellows, George, 86
Beloff, Max, 447
Benchley, Robert, 217
Benda, Julien, 66
Benedict, Ruth, 118, 142, 277, 280–1, 390, 432, 462; The Chrysanthemum and the Sword, 402–4; Patterns of Culture,
280–1
Ben-Gurion, David, 504
Benin (West Africa), 49–50
Benjamin, Walter, 235, 330–1, 513, 515; The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction, 330–1
Benn, Gottfried: The New State and the Intellectuals, 301–2
Benois, Alexandre, 164
Bentham, Jeremy, 678
Berg, Alban, 37, 180, 222, 229–30; Wozzeck, 230
Bergonzi, Bernard, 152, 156
Bergson, Henri: Inge and, 290; life and ideas, 65–8, 90, 617; Magritte and, 205; notion of time, 87; offers post to
Horkheimer, 305; in Paris, 24, 78; Picasso and, 61; rift with analytical school, 75; Sartre influenced by, 407–8; L’Evolution créatrice, 65, 67
Beria, Lavrenti, 482
Berlin, 229–33, 237; blockade (1948), 473; Wall, 516–17
Berlin, Sir Isaiah, 1–2, 416, 644–5; Four Essays on Liberty, 544–5, 548
Bernal, J. D., 726, 757
Bernal, Martin: Black Athena, 726–9, 731
Berners-Lee, Tim, 739
Bernhardt, Sarah, 24
Bernstein, Leonard, 599
Bertalanffy, Ludwig von, 183, 629
Bethe, Hans, 507
Betjeman, Sir John, 332
Bettelheim, Bruno, 306, 506
Beveridge, William, Baron, 186, 306, 351, 384; Report (Social Insurance and Allied Services), 383–6
Bible, Holy: and scientific research, 574–6
Binet, Alfred, 147–9, 500
Bingham, Hiram, 118–21
Bion, Wilfrid, 416
Birmingham, Alabama, 523
Birmingham, England, 392–3
Black, Davidson, 577
Black, James, 659
Black Mountain College, North Carolina, 354, 513
Black Panthers, 524–5, 528
Blackboard Jungle, The (film), 457
Blackett, P. M. S., 365
Blanshard, Paul, 580
Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna, 64
Bletchley Park, Buckinghamshire, 361, 364–5
Bleuler, Eugen, 500
Bliss, Lillie P., 127
Bloch, Felix, 507
Bloch, Marc, 557–9
Bloom, Allan, 754, 770; The Closing of the American Mind, 721–3, 724, 729, 753
Bloom, Harold, 770; Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, 734; The Western Canon, 723–5
Bloom, Leopold (fictional character), 194–5, 197
Blunden, Edmund, 155
Boas, Franz, 112, 116–17, 121, 142, 277–81, 390, 432, 665; The Mind of Primitive Man, 116–18, 277
Boccioni, Umberto, 144
Bodmer, Walter, 615
Bogart, Humphrey, 584
Bogomolov, Alexei, 484
Bohr, Harald, 134, 258
Bohr, Niels Henrick David, 95, 133–4, 142, 256–60, 267, 392, 395–7, 399–400
Boise, Charles, 486
Bok, Edward, 104
Bolt Baranek and Newman (company), 738
Boltsmann, Ludwig, 94
Boltwood, Bertram, 124
Bomberg, David, 154
Bondi, Herman, 508
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, 314–15, 415; Act and Being, 314; Letters and Papers from Prison, 214–15
Bonnard, Pierre, 59
Book-of-the-Month Club, 211–12
Boorstin, Daniel: The Image, 548
Borges, Jorge Luis, 349, 706–7
Borman, Frank, 568, 573
Bormann, Martin, 295
Born, Max, 261, 362
Bost, Jacques-Laurent, 423
Bothe, Walter, 262
Boulez, Pierre, 413–14, 621, 623–4, 769; Le Marteau sans maître, 623; Structures, 623
‘Bourbaki, Nikolai’, 414
Bowlby, John: Maternal Care and Mental Health, 498–500, 606
Bown, Ralph, 476
Boyer, Herbert, 605, 614–16
Brace, Chester Loring, 43
Bradley, F. H., 44
Bragg, Lawrence, 479–80
Brahms, Johannes, 158
Braine, John, 464
Brandeis University, USA, 732
Brander, James, 652
Brando, Marlon, 523
Brandt, Max, 239
Brandt, Willy, 543
Braque, Georges, 61–3, 129, 144
Brasillach, Robert, 409
Brattain, Walter, 476–8
Braudel, Fernand, 626–7, 638, 708, 735; Civilisation and Capitalism, 557, 559–60; The Mediterranean, 558–9
Braun, Wernher von, 482, 567
Brecht, Bertolt: in Berlin, 229, 231; expressionism, 222; friendship with
Walter Benjamin, 331; and Hannah
Arendt, 308–9; on Kraus, 193; in Los
Angeles, 356; persecuted as
Communist, 309; The Threepenny Opera, 231–2
Breker, Arno, 312
Brenner, Sidney, 614
Brentano, Franz, 30–2, 36, 46, 65–6, 75
Bresson, Robert, 637
Breton, André, 163–4, 202–3, 354, 408, 422, 511, 626
Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, 389, 389
Breuer, Josef, 13, 30, 36, 55, 142
Breuer, Marcel, 305
Breuil, Henri-Édouard-Prosper, Abbé, 369–70, 577
Brieux, Eugène: Les Avariés, 104
Briggs, Asa, Baron, 219
Brigham, C. C., 150; A Study of American Intelligence, 206
Brigham Young University, Utah, 732–3
Britain: black immigrants in, 462–3; in First World War, 145–6; university expansion in, 537
British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), 210, 218–20
British Gazette, 219
Britten, Benjamin, 513
Brockman, John, 5; Third Culture, 761
Broglie, Louis de, 260
Bronowski, Jacob, 338
Bronte, Charlotte, 277
Brook, Peter, 640–43, 717
Brooke, Rupert, 145, 152–3, 155, 157, 227, 290; ‘Futility’, 155; ‘The Soldier’, 153
Brooks, Van Wyck, 347
Brown v Board of Education of Topeka (US law case), 391, 522
Brown, J. A. C., 140
Brown, Norman, 596
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 276–7
Bruce, Steve, 600
Brücher, Heinz, 309, 311
Bruhn, Erik, 663
Bryan, William Jennings, 207
Bryce, James, 112
Buber, Martin, 436
Buber-Neumann, Margarete, 413
Büchner, George, 230
Buckland, Richard, 682–3
Budapest, 180–3
Buffet, Bernard, 414
Bullard, Sir Edward Crisp, 554
Bullitt, William, 306
Bullock, Alan, 240
Bülow, Hans von, 356
Bultmann, Rudolf, 576–7
Buñuel, Luis, 409
Burgess Shale (British Columbia), 697
Burke, Bernard, 569
Burnell, Jocelyn, 572
Burnham, Daniel, 80
Burnham, James: The Managerial Revolution, 472
Burroughs Wellcome (company), 660
Burroughs, William, Jr, 454–5; The Naked Lunch, 429
Burt, Cyril, 500
Bury, J. B.: The Idea of Progress, 245–6
Bush, Vannevar, 396–7, 737
Butler, E. M., 227
Butler, Richard Austen, 386
Butterfield, Herbert: The Whig Interpretation of History, 254
Cabinet of Dr Caligari, The (film), 221–2
Cage, John, 623–4, 758; 4′33”, Musiccircus, 512–15 Cahiers du cinéma (periodical), 636–7
Caird, Edward, 384
Cairns-Smith, A. G.: Seven Clues to the Origin of Life, 684
Calabi, Eugenio, 744
Calder, Alexander, 624
California Institute of Technology (Caltech), 303
Cambridge University, 99–100; see also
Cavendish Laboratory
Cambridge University Press, 102
Camoin, Charles, 60
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, 537
Campbell, Roy, 99
Campendonck, Heinrich, 302, 350
Camus, Albert, 409, 412–15; The Plague, 415
Canaris, Admiral Wilhelm, 315
Cann, Rebecca, 689–90
Cannon, Cornelia, 206
Carava, Spain, 687
Carnap, Rudolf, 235, 270, 306, 379, 669
Carnarvon, George Herbert, 5th Earl of, 247–8
Carothers, J. C., 527
Carothers, Wallace Hume, 344
Carr, Edward Hallett, 379
Carson, Rachel, 581–3; Silent Spring, 581–2
Carter, Howard, 247–8
Carter, Jimmy, 586
Casablanca (film), 584
Casals, Pablo, 354
Casement, Sir Roger, 51
Cassady, Neal, 456
Cassirer, Ernst, 161, 223
Cassirer, Paul, 127
Cassou, Jean, 336
Castorp, Hans (fictional figure), 228–9
Castro, Fidel, 517
Catto, Thomas, Ist Baron, 388
Cavalli-Sforza, Luca, 690–1
Cavan, Ruth Shonle: Suicide, 282
Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, England, 20, 256–7, 478–9, 507
Céline, Louis-Ferdinand, 409
Centers for Disease Control (CDC; USA), 658
Centre Internationale de Créations Théâtricales, Paris, 640
Cerf, Vint, 737–8
CERN, near Geneva, 739, 757
Cervantes, Miguel de, 234
Césaire, Aimé, 460
Cézanne, Paul, 58, 61–3, 80, 127, 175
Chabrol, Claude, 637
Chadwick, Hector Munro, 338
Chadwick, James, 90–1, 98, 256–7, 261–4, 393. 399
Chadwick, Owen: The Secularisation of the European Mind in the Nineteenth Century, 604–5
Chagall, Marc, 164–5, 354
Chain, Ernst, 367–8
Chalmers, David, 701
Chamberlain, Houston Stewart, 43, 295
Chamberlain, Neville, 367
Chandler, Raymond, 584
Chanel, Coco, 414
Chapayev (film), 330
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 721, 723
Chaplin, Charlie, 6, 142
Charcot, Jean-Martin, 13
Chatwin, Bruce, 663
Chayanov, Alexander, 324
Chekhov, Anton, 104
Chesterton, G. K., 339
Chevalier, Maurice, 413
Chicago: skyscrapers, 80–2; sociology in, 282; University of, 75, 281
Chicxulub (crater), 688
China: becomes republic, 178; Cultural Revolution in, 539–40; modernisation, 69–71, 178–80; revolt against foreign concessions in, 178; universities, 73, 178–9; see also
Confucianism in Index of Ideas and Subjects
Chirac, Jacques, 621
Chirico, Giorgio de, 163, 203–4, 622
Chomsky, Noam, 538, 592, 629, 695, 703, 756; Language and Problems of Knowledge, 756; Syntactic Structures, 497–8, 500
Christie, Agatha, 337
Churchill, (Sir) Winston S., 219, 340, 367, 384, 386, 388, 400, 428; ‘iron curtain’ speech, 474
Citizen Kane (film), 348–9, 638
Citroen, Paul, 350
City Lights (bookstore), 455
Ciurlionis, Makalohus-Konstantinas, 63
Clair, René, 326
Clark, James Freeman, 726
Clark, John Pepper, 713
Clark, Ronald, 141, 152
Clausius, Rudolf, 21–2
Cleaver, Eldridge, 528
Clemenceau, Georges, 174–7, 273
Clinton, William Jefferson, 730
Clovis, New Mexico, 555
Club of Rome: Limits to Growth (report), 583
Cockroft, Sir John, 365, 396
Cocteau, Jean, 129, 157, 203, 637
Coffman, Donald, 344
Cohen, Stanley, 614–15
Cohn, Julia, 331
Cole, G. D. H., 340
Coleman, James: Equality of Educational Opportunity, 533
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 277
Collini, Stefan, 470
Collins, Michael, 568
Columbia University, New York, 115–16, 439, 455, 733
Commager, Henry Steele, 452–3, 456, 467; American Mind, 453; Was America a Mistake?, 538
Comte, Auguste, 245
Condorcet, Marie Jean de, 245
Congar, Yves, 579
Congress for Cultural Freedom, Milan (1955). 447
Connelly, Marc, 217
Connes, Alain, 746
Connolly, Cyril, 285
Connor, Eugene (‘Bull’), 523
Connor, John, 383
Conquest, Robert, 316; The Great Terror, 482; New Lines, 464
Conrad, Joseph, 99, 182, 234, 245, 714, 768; Heart of Darkness, 48–51
Coolidge, Calvin, 208
Cooper, David, 502
Cooper, Lane, 726
Copenhagen: Institute of Theoretical Physics, 256–8
Corner, George Washington, 426
Cornford, Frances, 152
Cornwell, John, 701
Cottingham, E. T., 184–5
Courant, Richard, 352, 362
Cowell, Henry, 513
Crane, Diana: Transformation of the Avant-Garde, 511
Crete: Arthur Evans in, 15–17
Crick, Francis, 375, 478–81, 614, 703; The Astonishing Hypothesis, 700–1
Cro-Magnon, France, 370–1
Croce, Benedetto, 65
Crosland, Alan, 326
Crosland, Anthony, 447
Crossman, Richard, 447
Crystal, David: English as a Global Language, 705
Cuba: missile crisis (1962), 445, 517, 566
Cullen, Countee, 216
‘Culture, Ideas, Values’ (CIV) university course (Stanford), 731
Cunard, Nancy, 416
Cunliffe, Marcus, 704, 717
Cunningham, Merce, 510, 512–15
d’Abernon, Edgar Vincent, Viscount, 229
Dachau, 311
Daily Mail (London), 339
Dal Co, Francesco, 622
Dale, Henry, 473
Dalí, Salvador, 204, 307
Dalton, Hugh, 384
Dalton, John, 2, 20
Dameshek, William, 660
Darlington, C. D., 319, 321
Darrow, Clarence, 207
Dart, Raymond, 371
Darwin, Charles: attacked by Catholic Church, 67; Conrad and, 48; cynicism, 759; Dennett idealises, 3, 694; effect on American life, 453; effect on religious thinking, 53, 188; Freud follows, 13; Hofmannsthal and, 30; influence on Hitler, 242; influence on playwrights, 346; Marx admires, 474; Mendel and, 18; Nietzsche and, 40; Picasso and, 60–1; revolutionary idea, 13; and Scopes trial (Tennessee), 207; Skinner and, 496; universality, 756; On the Origin of Species, 40, 65, 122, 246, 371–2
Darwin, Major Leonard, 113
Davenport, Charles B., 113
Davidson, Basil: Old Africa Rediscovered, 462, 556–7, 713
Davie, Donald, 464
Davies, Arthur, 126–7
Davis, Marion, 348
Davis, Natalie Zemon, 736
Davis, Sammy, Jr, 523
Davis, Stuart, 86
Dawkins, Richard, 616–17, 692–3, 696; The Blind Watchmaker, 693; The Selfish Gene, 619–20, 651, 693
Day Lewis, Cecil, 332, 334
Debord, Guy: Society of the Spectacle, 547–8
Debussy, Claude, 23, 56, 58–9, 130–1, 142
Dedalus, Stephen (fictional character), 194–5
de Forest, Lee, 477
Degas, Edgar: sale of paintings (1917), 175
Degenerate Art (and Music) exhibitions see Entartete Kunst (and Musik) de Kooning, Willem, 355, 511–12
Delaunay, Robert, 63, 129
de Man, Paul, 730, 735
Denby, David: Great Books, 733–4
Denby, Edward, 354
Denmark see Copenhagen
Dennett, Daniel, 3, 616, 692, 696, 701, 703; Darwin’s Dangerous Idea, 694
Derain, André, 60, 62, 144, 409
Derrida, Jacques, 627, 630–1, 633, 637, 708, 735
Desai, Anita, 715, 762; The Village by the Sea, 709
Deutsch, Helene, 505
Deutsche Hochschule für Politik, 223, 226
de Valera, Eamon, 373
Devine, George, 463
Dewey, John, 41, 77–8, 281–2, 670, 672
Diaghilev, Serge, 130–1, 164, 199, 357
Diamond, Jared: Guns, Germs and Steel, 752–3, 755
Dichter, Ernest, 446
Dicke, Robert, 570
Dickinson, Goldsworthy Lowes, 174
Diederichs, Eugen, 240
Dietrich, Marlene, 221
Dillingham Commission (USA, 1910), 116
Diop, C. A.: The African Origin of Civilisation, 729
Dior, Christian, 414
Dirac, Paul, 258, 373, 508
Dix, Otto, 157, 163, 300, 302, 351
Dobb, Maurice: Studies in the Development of Capitalism, 561
Dobzhansky, Theodosius, 371, 372
Dodge, Mabel, 126–7, 142
Dollimore, Jonathan and Alan Sinfield: Political Shakespeare, 716–17
Dongen, Kees van, 409
Doniol-Valcroze, Jacques, 636
Donleavy, J.P.: The Ginger Man, 429
Doppler, Christian, 265
Dos Passos, John, 334, 347
Douglas, J. W. B.: All Our Future, 534
Douglas-Hamilton, Ian, 611–12
Douglass, Andrew Ellicott, 252–3
Dove, Arthur, 63
Dreiser, Theodore, 285, 334, 453; Financier, 209
Dresden, 52, 54
Dreyfus, Alfred, 24, 45, 327
d’Souza, Dinesh: Illiberal Education, 730–32
Dublin, 194
Duboar, King of Benin, 49
Du Bois, William Edward Burghardt, 109–12, 121, 124, 215–16, 283, 654; Souls of Black Folk, 110
Dubos, René, 583
Dubuffet, Jean, 414
Duchamp, Marcel, 128, 162, 512, 514; Nude Descending a Staircase, 128
Dudley, John, 398
Dulbecco, Renato, 700
Duncan, Isadora, 24
Dunn, Linwood, 348
Dunoyer de Segonzac, André, 409
Du Pont Company, 343
Duras, Marguerite, 638
Durkheim, Emile, 65, 599
Dutschke, Rudi, 536
Dworkin, Andrea, 531–2
Dworkin, Ronald: Taking Rights Seriously, 644–5, 650–1, 656
Dylan, Bob, 523, 584
Dyson, Sir Frank, 184–5
Eagleton, Terry, 716
Eastman, Max, 347
Eckart, Dietrich, 173
Eckhart, Meister, 296
École Normale Supérieure, Paris, 407, 627
Eddington, Sir Arthur, 183–5, 256, 264, 302
Edelman, Gerald, 701
Edison, Thomas, 87
Egypt: universities, 73; see also Valley of the Kings
Ehrenburg, Ilya, 334
Ehrenfels, Christian von, 31–2
Ehrlich, Paul, 105–7, 113
Ehrman, Claudia, 663
Eichmann, Adolf, 6, 504–5
Einstein, Albert: attends Pauling lecture, 268; Bohr follows, 142, 261; and Cézanne, 61–2, 63; denounced in Germany, 232; and development of nuclear fission, 396; Eddington and, 183–5; Mach influences, 37; ostracised in First World War, 145; and quantum theory, 23, 93, 261; relativity theories, 93–6, 132–4, 183–5, 274, 571, 744
Eisenstein, Serge, 327–8, 330
Eisler, Hanns, 313
Ekwensi, Cyprian, 713; People of the City, 460
Eldredge, Niles, 692, 696, 750
Eli Lilly (pharmaceutical company), 616
Eliot, Charles Williams, 74, 726
Eliot, T. S.: Aldous Huxley meets, 297; on ancient myth, 193, 208; on Bergsonism, 67; in Bertrand Russell circle, 99; on culture and society, 450–3, 456, 462, 464, 466–7, 634, 706; love of classical world, 246; Nietzsche influences, 39; on ‘no going back’, 767; Nobel Prize, 450; rejects Auden poems, 333; rejects Orwell’s Animal Farm, 387; and sex in modern world, 199; Sinclair Lewis and, 208–9; on Ulysses, 195; and Virginia Woolf, 201; Ash Wednesday, 751–2; Notes towards a Definition of Culture, 450–1, 723; The Waste Land, 186, 188–91, 195, 450, 458, 751–2
Eliot, Vivien (née Haigh-Wood), 188
Ellington, Duke, 216
Ellis, Henry Havelock, 279, 423, 597
Ellison, Ralph, 391, 460, 462; Invisible Man, 458
Elman, Mischa, 356
Eltanin (US ship), 553, 555
Eluard, Paul, 203, 334, 336; Les nécessités de la vie et les conséquences des rêves, 164, 203
Emilio, John d’ and Estelle Freedman: Sexuality in America, 424
Empson, William, 338, 464
Engelmann, Paul, 159
Engels, Friedrich, 42
English Stage Company, 463
Enola Gay (airplane), 13
Enright, D.J., 464
Entartete Kunst (Degenerate Art)
exhibition (1937), 305, 312–13, 350
Entartete Musik (Degenerate Music)
exhibition (1937), 313
Erickson, Milton, 664
Erikson, Erik, 277, 506
Ernst, Max, 162, 203–4, 313, 350, 354; Two Children Threatened by a Nightingale, 203
Esalen Institute, Big Sur, California, 599
Essenes (sect), 574
Evans, (Sir) Arthur, 15–17, 119
Evans, Hiram W, 207–8
Evans, Sir John, 15
Evernden, Jack, 487
Explorer (US space vehicle), 484
Fackel, Die (periodical), 192
Fairbanks, John, 71, 179
Falk, O. T. and Partners, 270
Falla, Manuel de, 130
Fanon, Frantz, 411, 414, 460, 526–8, 762; The Wretched of the Earth, 520–7
Farben, I. G. (chemical group), 343
Farber, Leslie, 427
Faubus, Orville, 459
Faulkner, William, 283–4; Absalom! Absalom!, 284
Fauset, Jessie, 216
Febvre, Lucien, 557–9
Federn, Paul, 15
Feigl, Herbert, 306, 379
Feininger, Lyonel, 302, 313, 355
Feldstein, Martin, 648
Fenichel, Otto, 223, 274, 505
Ferber, Edna, 217
Ferenczi, Sandor, 664
Ferlinghetti, Lawrence, 455
Fermi, Enrico, 393–4, 398, 507
Fessenden, Reginald, 210
Feuchtwanger, Lion, 231, 354, 356
Feyerabend, Paul Karl, 679
Feynman, Richard, 741
Fichte, Johann, 74
Finland: universities, 73
Firth, Raymond, 376
Fischer, Eugen, 310
Fish, Stanley, 716, 721, 723, 731–32, 735
Fisher, R. A., 699
Fiske, William, 41
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 215; The Great Gatsby, 197–9
Flaubert, Gustave, 234, 714
Fleischmann, Raoul, 217
Fleming, Sir Alexander, 367–8
Flemming, Walther, 114
Flexner, Abraham, 303, 305
Fliess, Wilhelm, 142
Florensky, Pavel, 324
Florey, Howard Walter, Baron, 367–8
Fokine, Mikhail, 358
Fontenelle, Bernard de, 245
Ford, Henry, 6, 142
Förster, Bernard, 39–40
Forster, E. M., 174
Förster-Nietzsche, Elisabeth, 39–40, 173
Fortes, Meyer, 277
Fortune, Reo, 281
Fossey, Dian, 608; Gorillas in the Mist, 610–11
Foster, Norman, 622
Foucault, Michel, 39, 627–31, 633–4, 663
Fournier, Alfred, 104
Fox, William, 87
Fraeckel-Conrat, Heinz, 749
France: in First World War, 145; intellectuals in, 411–12, 625–34, 743–4; and Treaty of Versailles, 173–7; universities in, 627
Franco, General Francisco, 336
Frank, Karl see Hagen, Paul
Frank, Philipp, 235
Frankfurt School, 225–6, 305–6, 331, 502
Frankfurter, Felix, 400
Franklin, Rosalind, 479–81
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austro-Hungary, 144–5
Frazer, Sir James, 30, 61, 116, 223; The Golden Bough, 60, 68, 141, 88
Frazier, E. Franklin: The Negro Family in the United States, 390
Freed, Alan, 457
Freeman, Derek: Margaret Mead and the Samoa, 665
Frege, Gottlob, 100–1, 112, 271, 352; Grundgesetze der Arithmetik, 158 French Connection, The (film), 625
Frenkel, Naftaly Aronovich, 543
Frenkel-Brunswik, Else, 306
Freud, Anna, 307
Freud, Jakob (Sigmund’s father), 14, 112
Freud, Sigmund: on alienation, 53; Ardrey criticises, 607; attacked and questioned, 493–4, 498, 665; attitude to religion, 141; belief in instincts, 56; breach with Jung, 139–42; Breton influenced by, 202–3; character and manner, 11; Conrad rejects, 51; and dreams, 229; on ego and id, 135–6; and First World War, 150; French interest in, 634; Harold Bloom on, 724; Horney criticises, 275; influence, 61, 138, 140; Ionesco and, 419; late translation into French, 137; and Marx, 502–3, 632; Masson attacks, 663–4; modernist reliance on, 759–61; moves to London and dies, 306–7; on Nordau, 43; psychoanalytical failure, 761; on ‘rabble’, 44; resistance to, 58; sabotages reason, 188; and Schnitzler, 28, 55; stays in post-1919 Vienna, 180; suffers cancer of mouth, 273; on superego, 297–8; Teilhard de Chardin and, 578; theories, 13, 19–20, 27, 30, 34, 56; on ‘underworlds’, 25; university education, 74; and Wagner-Jauregg, 152; and Wolf Man, 144; Civilisation and its Discontents, 7, 273–4, 297, 437; The Future of an Illusion, 273; The Interpretation of Dreams, 11–14, 51, 135, 761; Moses and Monotheism, 307; The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, 150; Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality, 106; Totem and Taboo, 135, 141–2, 273; see also unconscious, the
Freud, Sophie, 180
Freundlich, Otto, 350
Frick, Henry Clay, 119
Frick, Wilhelm, 273
Friedan, Betty: The Feminine Mystique, 430–1, 432, 529
Friedkin, William, 625
Friedman, Milton, 282, 523, 544, 645–8, 650–1, 656, 767; Capitalism and Freedom, 519–20; Free to Choose (with Rose Friedman), 646–7
Friedman, Rose, 645–7, 650–1
Friedmann, Alexander, 264, 266
Frisch, Karl von, 304, 606
Frisch, Otto, 258, 392–3, 395–6
Fröbel, Friedrich, 78
Fromm, Erich, 275, 305, 308, 354, 376, 432, 436–8, 503, 505; The Sane Society, 437
Frosch, Paul, 20
Frost, Robert, 495, 542; A Boy’s Will, 126
Fry, Roger, 127, 201
Fry, Varian, 353–4, 357
Fu Sinian, 179
Fuad, Prince Ahmad, 73
Fuchs, Klaus, 482, 507
Fuentes, Carlos, 706, 708
Fukuyama, Francis: The End of History and the Last Man, 754–5, 759, 761
Fuld, Caroline, 303
Furtwängler, Wilhelm, 356
Fussell, Paul, 6; The Great War in Modem Memory, 145–6, 156
Gabo, Naum, 164
Gagarin, Yuri, 484, 566
Gaitskell, Hugh, 447
Galbraith, John Kenneth, 447, 454, 649, 652, 655, 704, 761; The Affluent Society, 441–3, 445–7; The Culture of Contentment, 652–4; The Good Society, 652, 654; The New Industrial State, 590–2, 605
Gallo, Robert, 660
Gallup, George Horace, 333, 432
Galsworthy, John, 51
Galton, Francis, 44
Gamow, George, 508, 569–70
Gance, Abel, 157
Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand (Mahatma), 273
García Lorca, Federico, 335, 409
García Márquez, Gabriel, see Márquez, Gabriel García
Garet, Jedd, 512
Garvey, Marcus, 216
Gates, Bill, 605
Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri, 144
Gauguin, Paul, 58–9, 127, 181
Gay, John: The Beggar’s Opera, 231
Gay, Peter, 221, 226
Geertz, Clifford, 674–6, 679, 714; The Interpretation of Cultures, 674; Local Knowledge, 675–6
Geiger, Hans, 262
Gein, Ed, 490
Geli-Mann, Murray, 509, 569, 747
Gellhorn, Martha, 409
Gellner, Ernest: The Psychoanalytic Movement, 664–5
Genentech (company), 605, 616
Genet, Jean, 414–16, 418, 531
George, Stefan, 57, 64, 172, 226–7, 241
Germany: anti-Semitism in, 295–6, 355–6, 394, 436; dominance in ideas, 26; in First World War, 145; Nazi art in, 311–12; persecution of arts and sciences in, 300–9, 312–13, 753; pre-and post-First War conditions, 172–3; refugees flee to USA and London, 303–6, 350; religious persecution in, 314–15; rise of Nazism in, 240, 294–6, 300, 304, 314; in Second World War, 361; and Treaty of Versailles, 173–6; universities, 74; see also Weimar Republic; individual places and institutions
Gérôme, Jean-Léon: Snake Charmer, 714
Gertler, Mark, 297
Gestapo, 300–1, 307, 315
Geva, Tamara, 359
Giacometti, Alberto, 414
Gide, André, 138, 200, 354, 409; The Counterfeiters, 200–1; Journals, 413
Gielgud, John, 640
Gilbert, Stuart, 194n
Gilbert, Walter, 615
Gilgamesh, 250
Gill, Brendan, 423
Gilpin, Charles, 216
Gingrich, Newt, 730
Ginsberg, Allen: Howl, 429, 454–6
Ginsberg, Morris, 306
Giraudoux, Hippolyte Jean, 412
Giscard d’Estaing, Valéry, 621, 623
Glackens, William, 86
Glazer, Nathan, 447, 704; Beyond the Melting Pot (with Patrick Moynihan), 532
Gleick, James: Chaos, 747
Glenn, John, 566
Gobineau, Arthur de, 42, 242, 243
Godard, Jean-Luc, 637, 639
Goddard, H. H., 148–9
Gödel, Kurt, 235, 270–1, 306, 352, 362–3, 668
Goebbels, Joseph, 300–1, 309, 313, 328–9, 331, 356
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 54–5
Gold, Harvey, 482
Gold, Thomas, 508
Golding, William: Lord of the Flies, 642
Goldstein, Al, 529
Gollancz, Victor, 286–7, 387
Gombrich, Ernst, 183
Gomperz, Theodor, 30
Goncharova, Natalya, 164–5
Goodall, Jane, 608–10; In the Shadow of Man, 609
Goodman, Paul, 596
Goodwin, Brian: How the Leopard Changed Its Spots, 748
Gorer, Geoffrey, 277
Göring, Hermann, 297
Gorky, Arshile, 510
Gorky, Maxim, 318, 321–3
Gorlova, Zinaïda, 43
Göttingen, 259
Gottlieb, Michael, 657–8
Gottschaldt, Kurt, 310
Gould, Stephen Jay, 616, 692, 696–9, 750; The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm (with R. Lewontin), The Mismeasure of Man, 696; Wonderful Life, 697
Graham, Martha, 510, 513, 515
Grasset, Bernard, 409
Graves, Robert, 153, 464
Great Train Robbery, The (film), 86–7
Great Zimbabwe, 556
Greco, Juliette, 412
Greenberg, Clement, 511
Greenberg, Joseph: Language in the Americas, 690–1
Greene, Brian: The Elegant Universe, 744
Greene, Graham, 343
Greene, Michael, 745–6
Greenglass, David, 482
Greenwood, Arthur, 384
Greer, Germaine: The Female Eunuch, 530
Grenfell, Julian, 145
Gribbin, John, 96
Grierson, John, 327
Griffith, D. W. (David Wark), 87–9
Griffith, Paul, 624
Grillparzer, Franz, 158
Gropius, Walter, 221–4, 304–5, 331, 622
Gross, Otto, 136
Grosz, George, 163, 221, 230–1, 300; Republican Automatons, 163
Grote, George, 729
Groves, Leslie, 397
Grundig, Hans, 301
Guber, Boris, 324
Guenther, H. F. K., 296
Guernica, 336
Guggenheim, Peggy, 510
Guitry, Sacha, 409
Gunn, Thom, 464
Gurdjieff, George Ivanovich, 642
Gurney, Ivor, 153
Guth, Alan, 741
Guzzardi, Peter, 739–40
Haakon, Paul, 359
Habermas, Jürgen, 32, 633–4, 671
Hacker, Andrew: Two Nations, 654–5, 761
Hadar, Ethiopia, 612–13
Hadden, Briton, 211
Haeckel, Ernst, 41, 171, 581
Hagen, Paul (or Karl Frank), 353
Hahn, Otto, 394–6
Haig, General Douglas (later 1st Earl), 145–6
Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia, 612
Haidane, J. B. S., 473
Haley, Bill, 457
Hall, G. Stanley, 78, 278
Halston (fashion designer), 663
Halverson, H. M., 494
Hankey, Maurice, 1st Baron, 365
Hannaford, Ivan, 391
Harding, Warren, 208
Hardy, George, 362
Harford, James, 482–3
Haring, Keith, 663
Harkness, Edward, 119
Harlem, New York, 215–16
Harrington, Michael: The Other America, 520–2, 656
Harris, Judith Rich: The Nurture Assumption, 759
Hartmann, Heinz, 235
Harvard University, 74–6, 78, 732; Graduate School of Business Studies, 78–9
Harvey, David: The Condition of Postmodernity, 679–81
Harvey, William, 147
Hata, Sachachiro, 105–6
Hauptmann, Elisabeth, 231
Hauptmann, Gerhart, 227, 231
Hauser, Arnold, 27, 181, 376
Hausmann, Raoul, 163
Haussman, Baron Georges-Eugène, 52
Hawking, Stephen, 739–43; A Brief History of Time, 739
Hayek, Friedrich von, 183, 381, 386–7. 544, 549, 551, 645, 656, 665; The Constitution of Liberty, 517–18, 520; The Road to Serfdom, 378–9, 517
Hayman, Ronald, 135, 232
Haynes, C. Vance, 555
Hearst, William Randolph, 348–9
Heartfield, John, 163, 300, 350–1
Heatley, N. G., 367–8
Heckel, Erich, 55, 163
Hefner, Hugh, 529
Hegel, G. W. F., 235, 242, 380, 408, 754
Heidegger, Martin: background and ideas, 233–4; in continental school of philosophy, 32; Hannah Arendt studies with, 307–9, 502; influence on Bonhoeffer, 314; Kafka and, 239; Karl Mannheim attends lectures, 376; Marcuse studies under, 502; Nietzsche influences, 39; and religious thinkers, 575–6; Rilke anticipates, 228; Sartre influenced by, 408, 410; on submitting, 752; Being and Time, 233–4, 308–9
Heiden, Konrad, 354
Heinkel, Ernst, 269
Heisenberg, Werner, 258–61, 267, 270–1, 373, 397, 668
Heider, Walter, 267–8, 373
Helmer, Olaf, 306
Hemingway, Ernest, 215, 285, 286, 334–5, 339. 409, 704, 715; For Whom the Bell Tolls, 335
Hempel, Carl, 306
Henderson, Fletcher, 216
Henking, H., 114
Hennings, Emmy, 161
Henri, Robert, 85–6
Herrnstein, Richard J. (and Charles
Murray): The Bell Curve, 698–700
Hertz, Heinrich, 21, 210, 366
Herzl, Theodor, 28, 44–5, 56
Hilbert, David, 24, 260, 270–1, 352
Hildebrand, Alan, 687–8
Hill, Andrew, 613
Hill, Christopher, 467, 561–2; Puritanism and Revolution, 561; The World Turned Upside Down, 603–5
Hill, Thomas: Most Pleasaunte Art of the Interpretation of Dreames, 602
Hiller, E. T.: The Strike, 282
Hilton, Rodney, 467, 561–2
Himmelfarb, Gertrude, 735–6
Himmler, Heinrich, 295, 307, 309, 311, 315, 581
Hindemith, Paul, 55n, 131, 222, 231–2, 313, 351, 356
Hiroshima, 387, 401, 729
Hiroshima mon amour (film), 638
Hirschmann, Eduard, 15
Hirt, August, 311
Hitchcock, Alfred, 490–1
Hite, Shere, 531–2
Hitler, Adolf: anti-Semitism, 242–3, 307; assassination attempt on, 315; at art school in Vienna, 43; becomes Chancellor, 300; effect on German culture, 753; and German individuality, 294; ideology, 240–4, 295; love of classical world, 246; makes will, 311; Musil disparages, 236; and Olympic Games (1936), 329; orders death of Bonhoeffer, 315; personal effect, 4; in prison, 239; rise to power, 173, 176, 222; and Rosenberg’s Mythus, 295–7; schooling with Wittgenstein, 158; sees Strauss’s Salome, 54; and socialist uprising (1918), 163; and suppression of art, 295, 301–2; taste in art, 311–13; Mein Kampf, 240–3, 311
Hobhouse, Arthur, 174
Hobsbawm, Eric, 285, 467; Primitive Rebels, 561
Höch, Anna, 163
Hoffmann, Eric Achille, 104
Hofmannsthal, Hugo von, 28–30, 32–3, 36–7, 44, 55, 59, 136, 180, 192, 227–8, 274, 330, 415; Idyll on an Ancient Vase Painting, 29
Hofstadter, Richard, 79, 85, 704, 757; Anti-lntellectualism in American Life, 207, 704
Hoggart, Richard: The Uses of Literacy, 465–6
Holborn, Haajo, 223
Hölderlin, Friedrich, 233
Holloway, Christopher, 464
Hollywood, 326–7, 357, 636
Hook, Sidney, 235, 447
Hoover, Herbert, 646
Hope, Francis, 152
Hopper, Edward, 86
Horgan, John: The End of Science, 755–7. 766
Horkheimer, Max, 225, 305–6, 357, 376, 502
Horne, Lena, 523
Horney, Karen, 223, 274, 306, 505; The Neurotic Personality of Our Time, 275–6
Horowitz, Irving Louis, 761; The Decomposition of Sociology, 764–5
House of German Art, Munich, 311, 313
Houtermans, Fritz, 400
Howard, Ebenezer, 521, 581
Howe, Irving, 439, 447, 761
Howells, Dean: Rise of Silas Lapham, 209
Hoyer, Hermann, 312
Hoyle, Fred, 508
Hubble, Edwin, 265–7, 346, 508, 569, 752, 756
Hubble, Grace, 266
Hudson, Rock, 66
Hughes, Langston, 215–16
Hughes, Robert, 61, 167, 204, 336, 512
Hughes, Ted, 608, 641
Hulme, T. E., 66
Hülsenbeck, Richard, 161, 163
Hume, David, 678
Hungary, 181–2; 1956 revolt in, 537; see also Austro-Hungarian Empire
Hunter, George William: Civic Biology, 207
Huntington, Samuel: The Clash of Civilisations and the Remaking of World Order, 767 Hurok, Sol, 348
Husserl, Edmund, 31–3, 35–7, 65–6, 75. 87. 90, 233–4, 237, 309, 408, 502; Logical Investigations, 31
Hutchinson, George, 217n
Huxley, Aldous, 99, 266; Brave New World, 297–9; The Doors of Perception, 597
Huxley, Julian, 340, 371, 372, 577
Huxley, Thomas Henry, 74, 372
Ibsen, Henrik, 171
Ijimere, Obotunde, 713
Illich, Ivan: Deschooling Society, 535–6
Immaterial, The exhibition (Paris 1985), 681
Incas, 118–21
India: cultural crisis, 762–3; fiction of, 709–12; universities, 73
Inge, William Ralph, Dean of St Paul’s, 290–1, 575, 767; God and the Astronomers, 290
Institute of Red Professors, 317, 317–18
International Centre of Genetic Epistemology, Geneva, 500
International Congress of Modern Architecture (CIAM), 331
International Monetary Fund, 389
Ionesco, Eugène, 412, 414, 418–20, 757
Iran: universities, 73
IRCAM (Institut de Recherche et de Co-ordination Acoustique/Musique; ‘Petit Beaubourg’), 621, 623–4
Isherwood, Christopher, 297, 332
Israel: in Yom Kippur War (1973). 589
J’accuse (film), 157
Jackson, Mahalia, 523
Jacob, Max, 129
Jacobs, Jane: The Death and Life of Great American Cities, 520–2, 581, 622, 680, 761
Jacobson, Roman, 353
Jacoby, Russell: The Last Intellectuals, 761
James, Henry, 75
James, William, 41, 65, 67, 74–8, 90, 110, 306, 550, 597, 770; Pragmatism, 75; Varieties of Religious Experience, 770
Jameson, Fredrick: The Political Unconscious, 715–16
Janco, Marcel, 161
Janowitz, Hans, 222
Jansky, Jan, 147
Japan: atom-bombed (1945). 401–2; culture and psychology analysed, 402–4; gains concessions in China, 178; modernisation, 70–1; universities, 73
Jarry, Alfred, 163; Ubu Roi, 23
Jaspers, Karl, 308–9
Jawlensky, Aleksey, 64, 161
Jazz Singer, The (film), 326
Jefferson, Thomas, 112
Jeffreys, Alec, 682–3
Jencks, Christopher: Inequality, 534–5, 700
Jenney, William Le Barron, 81
Jennings, Elizabeth, 464
Jensen, Arthur, 526, 534
Jesus Christ, 574–5, 578
Jewish Colonial Trust, 45
Jews: achievements, 244; Bergson retains faith, 67; and Eichmann trial, 504–5; in France, 630; Freud on, 307; and honour, 44–5; repression in and emigration from Nazi Germany, 67, 243. 302, 309. 327, 352–7, 394. 435. 606; in Vienna, 28, 56; and Zionism, 4$, see also anti-Semitism in Index of Ideas and Subjects
Jiang Qing, 539–40
Joachim, Johann, 54
Johanson, Don, 612–14, 688
John XXIII, Pope: Mater et Magistra (encyclical), 579; Pacem in Terris (encyclical), 580
John, Augustus, 99
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 74
Johns, Jasper, 511–12, 514
Johnson, Alvin, 353–4
Johnson, Charles, 215; The Negro in American Civilisation, 282–3, 654
Johnson, James Weldon, 110
Johnson, Lyndon Baines, 516, 519, 522–3, 525, 533, 536, 566, 581
Johnson, Philip, 332, 621–2
Johnson, Virginia, 426–7, 429, 529; see also Masters, William Howell
Joliot, Frédéric, 262, 393, 396
Joliot-Curie, Irène, 262–3, 393. 396
Jolson, Al, 326
Jones, Ernest, 306–7
Jones, James: From Here to Eternity, 584
Jones, R. V., 365
Jones, Sir William, 690, 708
Joplin, Scott, 112, 216
Journal of Educational Psychology, 499
Joyce, James: on ancient myth, 208; and Beckett, 416; on ‘big words’, 1; love of classical world, 246; meets Proust, 199; and Musil, 236–7; Ulysses, 161, 186, 189, 193–5, 215
Judd, Neil, 253
Jung, Carl Gustav, 12, 15, 139–42, 419, 494, 500, 578, 664, 761; Modern Man in Search of a Soul, 274; Psychology of the Unconscious, 135; Symbols of Transformation, 140; see also unconscious, the
Kadushin, Charles, 592
Kafka, Franz, 104, 183, 237–9, 417, 503, 759; The Castle, 238–9; ‘Metamorphosis’, 238; The Trial, 238–9
Kahnweiler, Daniel Henry, 62, 144
Kaiser Wilhelm Institut for Anthropology and Human Genetics (KWI), 309–10
Kaluza, Theodor, 744
Kamin, Leon J., 697
Kandinsky, Wassily, 55–6, 64–5, 165, 221, 305, 355
Kant, Immanuel, 37, 68, 74
Kantorowicz, Ernst, 226
Kapitza, Peter, 263–4, 541
Karsavina, Tamara, 130
Kästner, Erich, 229
Katayev, Ivan, 324
Katkow, Janet, 663
Kattwinkel, Wilhelm, 485
Kauffman, Stuart: The Origins of Order, 694. 748
Kazin, Alfred: On Native Grounds, 347–9. 726
Kelly, Ian, 683
Kelvin, William Thomson, Baron, 124
Kendrew, John, 481
Kennedy, Andrew, 416
Kennedy, Edward, 216
Kennedy, John F., 516–17, 519–20, 566–7, 583
Kennedy, Michael, 54–5
Kennedy, Robert, 536
Kent, Rockwell, 86
Kenyatta, Jomo, 485
Kenyon, F. G.: The Bible and Archaeology, 574
Keppel, Frederick, 390
Kermode, Frank: Sense of an Ending, 7 Kernan, Alvin: The Death of Literature, 757–8
Kerner report, 525
Kerouac, Jack (Jean-Louis Lebris de
Kerouac), 454; On the Road, 455–6
Kesey, Ken: One Flew ova the Cuckoo’s Nest, 584
Kessler, Leonard, 509–10
Key, Ellen: The Century of the Child, 77, 227
Keynes, John Maynard, Baron, 144, 159–60, 174–7, 340–2, 377–8, 384, 386–9, 629, 646; The Economic Consequences of the Peace, 174, 340; The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, 342
Khlebnikov, Velimir, 165, Khomeini, Ayatollah, 711
Khrushchev, Nikita S., 482, 516–17, 542
Kibberd, Declan, 194
Kierkegaard, Soren, 133, 770
Kill Devil Hill, North Carolina, 82
Kimball, Roger: Tenured Radicals, 731
King, Martin Luther, 523–4, 527–8, 533, 536
Kinsey, Alfred, 422, 426–7, 429, 432; Sexual Behaviour in the Human Female, 425; Sexual Behaviour in the Human Male, 423–5
Kinsey Institute, Bloomington, Indiana, 529
Kipling, Rudyard, 81
Kirchner, Ernst Ludwig, 55, 163, 301, 313, 351
Kirshans, Vladimir, 324
Kirstein, Lincoln, 357–8
Kissinger, Henry, 589
Kitasato Shibasaburo, Professor, 105–6
Kitchener, Field Marshal Horatio
Herbert, 1st Earl, 145
Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, 82, 84–5
Klee, Paul, 172, 300–2
Klein, Melanie, 223, 274–5
Klement, Richard see Eichmann, Adolf
Klemperer, Otto, 313, 354, 357
Klimt, Ernst, 35
Klimt, Gustav, 35–6, 56, 59, 136, 158; Philosophy, 36
Klineberg, Otto, 390
Klyuev, Nikolai, 317
Knight, Arthur, 326
Knopf, Alfred A., 216; and Blanche, 423
Knossos, Crete, 15–17
Koch, Kenneth, 512
Kodály, Zoltán, 181
Kohler, Wolfgang, 360
Kojève, Alexandre, 408, 410, 625
Kokoschka, Oskar, 59, 145, 159, 227, 350, 355
Kollwitz, Käthe, 145, 300
Kol’tsov, Michael, 334
Kolyma, 315–16, 482
Kooning, Willem de see de Kooning, Willem
Kops, Bernard, 464
Korolev, Sergei Pavlovich, 482–4, 567
Krafft-Ebing, Baron Richard von, 14, 33–5, 53–4; Psychopathia sexualis, 33
Kramer, Peter: Listening to Prozac, 761
Kraus, Karl, 28, 35, 56, 180, 231; The Last Days of Mankind, 157, 192–3 Kravchenko, Victor: I Chose Freedom, 413
Kreisler, Fritz, 356
Kreutz, Johnny, 232
Kristol, Irving, 447, 704
Kropotkin, Prince Peter, 42
Krugman, Paul, 648–9; Peddling Prosperity, 652
Krupp, Alfred, 241
Ku Klux Klan, 207–8
Kubelik, Jan, 241
Kubizek, August, 243
Kubrick, Stanley, 584
Kuhn, Thomas, 668, 669, 670, 676; Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 488–9, 597, 618
Kuhn, Walt, 127–8
Kun, Béla, 234
Kupka, Frantisek, 63
Laborit, Henri, 501
Lacan, Jacques, 408, 624, 625–7, 629–31, 634, 669; Ecrits, 626
Ladipo, Duro, 713
Ladurie, Emmanuel le Roy see le Roy
Ladurie, Emmanuel
Laetoli, Tanzania, 613
La Folette, Robert, 383
Laforgue, Jules, 128
Lagarde, Paul, 240
Laing, Ronald D., 502–3, 527, 626–7, 644; The Divided Self, 491
Lam, Wilfredo, 354
Lamb, Horace, 158
Lamb, Willis, 508
Landau, Lev, 258
Landes, David: Wealth and Poverty of Nations, 755, 764
Landesco, John: Organised Crime in Chicago, 282
Lane, Allen, 337–40
Lang, Fritz, 357
Langbehn, Julius, 240
Langevin, Paul, 132
Lanz von Liebenfels, George, 243
Lapouge, Count Georges Vacher de, 42, 44, 206
Larionov, Mikhail, 164
Larkin, John, 82
Larkin, Philip, 464–5; The Less Deceived, 464
La Rocca, Nick, 216
Lascaux, France, 369–70
Lasch, Christopher: The Culture of Narcissism, 599–601, 605, 620, 761
Laski, Harold, 306
Lasky, Melvin J., 447
Lasswell, Harold, 376
Last Year in Marienbad (film), 639
Laubenstein, Linda, 657
Lautréamont, comte (Isidore Ducasse), 409
Laval, Léon, 359
Lavoisier, Antoine-Laurent, 489
Lawrence, D. H., 99, 142, 280, 297, 422, 531, 581, 759; Lady Chatterley’s Lover, 429; Sons and Lovers, 136–7
Lawrence, Ernest, 473, 507
Lawrence, Florence, 89
Lawrence, Frieda (née von Richthofen), 136
Lawrence, T. E., 249, 714
Lazersfeld, Paul, 439
League of Nations, 177
Leakey, Frieda, 486
Leakey, Louis, 484–7, 556, 607, 609, 612, 688
Leakey, Mary, 484–7, 607, 612–13–14, 688; Olduvai Gorge, 607
Leakey, Richard, 612
Leary, Timothy, 596–7
Leavis, F. R., 338, 451–2, 454, 464, 465–70, 489, 706, 723; The Common Pursuit, 452; The Great Tradition, 452
Leavis, Queenie D., 451; Fiction and the Reading Public, 338–40
Leavitt, Henrietta, 265
Lebanon: universities, 73
le Conte, Joseph, 43
Le Corbusier (Charles-Edouard Jeanneret), 223–4, 331–2, 521, 622
le Duc, Violette, 421
Lee, Brenda, 457
Lefkowitz, Mary and Guy MacLean (eds): Black Athena Revisited, 728–9
Léger, Fernand, 355
Lehman, David: The Last Avant-Garde, 512
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von, 99–100, 746
Leigh, Janet, 490–1
Lelevich, Klychkov, 324
Lemaître, Georges, 265–6, 508
Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VASKhNIL), 474
Lenin All-Union Academy of Sciences, 318
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich, 37, 165
Le Nôtre, André, 173
Lenz, Fritz, 310
Lenz, Max, 20
Leonov, L. M.: Russian Forest, 323
Leopold II, King of the Belgians, 51
Leopold III, King of the Belgians, 367
le Roy Ladurie, Emmanuel, 627; Montaillou, 560; The Peasants of Languedoc, 557, 560
Levi-Civita, Tullio, 352
Lévi-Strauss, Claude, 354, 421, 423, 461–2, 488, 627, 630, 675; De près et de loin, 2; Tristes Tropiques, 461
Levine, Lawrence: The Opening of the American Mind, 725–6
Levy, Julien, 510
Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien, 274
Lewinski, Robert, 361–2
Lewis, David Levering, 217n
Lewis, Sinclair, 186, 208–9, 212, 285, 347; Babbitt, 208–12, 215
Lewisohn, Richard, 147
Lewontin, Richard, 692, 696–8; see also Gould, Stephen Jay
Leznai, Anna, 181
Liadov, Anatol, 130
Libby, Willard F., 563
Lichtenstein, Roy, 511
Liebermann, Max, 300, 302
Liebknecht, Karl, 163
Lifar, Serge, 409
Lilienthal, Otto, 84
Limits to Growth see Club of Rome
Linde, Andrei, 741–2
Linton, Ralph, 494
Lipchitz, Jacques, 354
Lippmann, Walter, 704
Lipset, Seymour Martin, 447
Lissitzky, Eliezer, 164–5
Little Rock, Arkansas, 459
Liushits, Benedikt, 324
Lloyd George, David, 174, 177, 218, 383
Locke, Alain, 215, 216
Lodge, Sir Oliver, 157
Loew, Marcus, 87
Löffler, Friedrich, 20
Lombroso, Cesare, 45, 48, 148
London see individual institutions
London, Fritz, 267–8, 373
London, Jack, 453
London School of Economics, 292
Long, Breckinridge, 354
Loos, Adolf, 34–5, 192, 223
Loos, Anita, 266
Lorenz, Konrad, 309–10, 606
Lorre, Peter, 357
Los Alamos, New Mexico, 398–9
Lovejoy, Arthur: The Great Chain of Being, 77
Lovelock, James, 693
Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, Arizona, 265
Lowell, Robert, 538
Lowentha Robert, 649
Luce, Henry, 211
‘Lucy’ (hominid skeleton), 612
Ludendorff, General Erich, 171
Lueger, Karl, 12, 43, 45
Lukács, George, 181–3, 234–5, 376; History and Class Consciousness, 234 Luks, George, 86
Lumière, Auguste and Louis, 24, 87
Lunacharsky, Anatoli, 37, 165–7
Lunts, Daniel, 541
Luo jialun, 179
Luther, Martin, 296
Luxembourg, Rosa, 163
Lu Xun (Zhou Shuren or Chou Shujen), 178
Lyell, Sir Charles, 41
Lynch, Dan, 737, 739
Lynd, Robert and Helen: Middletown, 212–15, 424, 439, 453
Lyotard, Jean-François, 681; The Postmodern Condition, 667–8, 671, 673
Lysenko, Trofim, 319–21, 390, 473–6, 488, 540–1
Maar, Dora, 336, 411
Macbeth Gall, New York, 85
MacCarthy, Desmond, 277
McCarthy, Senator Joseph, 434–5, 452
McCosh, James, 726
McCusick, Victor, 700
Macdonald, Dwight, 439
McGinn, Colin, 701
Mach, Ernst, 32, 36–7, 94
Machu Picchu, 120–1, 248
Maclnnes, Colin, 459, 462–3, 672n
Maclntyre, Alasdair: Whose Justice? Which Rationality?, 678–9
McIntyre, Dr John, 49
McKay, Claude, 216
Mackay, Ellin, 218
Macke, August, 144
Mackenzie, Compton, 286
McKie, Robin, 615
McKim, Mead and White (New York
construction company), 86
MacLean, Guy, 728
McLuhan, Marshall, 331, 546–7, 592
MacNeice, Louis, 332
Maddox, John: What Remains to Be Discovered, 701, 756–7
Madge, Charles, 386
Maeterlinck, Maurice, 24
Magee, Bryan: Confessions of a Philosopher, 767–8
Magritte, René, 205
Mahfouz, Naguib, 713
Mahler, Gustav, 37, 54, 56–71, 158
Mahler-Werfel, Alma, 354, 356
Mailer, Norman, 531, 537–8, 592, 600; An American Dream, 537–8; Armies of the Night, 537–8
Maillol, Aristide, 59
Malevich, Kasimir, 164–6
Malinowski, Bronislaw, 142, 279, 307
Malkin, Joseph, 356
Mallarmé, Stephane, 23, 128
Mallowan, Sir Max, 337
Malraux, André, 61, 334–6, 354, 413; L’Espoir, 335
Malthus, Thomas R., 242
Mamet, David: American Buffalo, Glengarry Glenn Ross, 717 Manchester Guardian: on Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, 50
Manco Inca, 118–21
Mandelbrot, Benoit, 747
Mandelstam, Nadezhda, 324
Mandelstam, Osip, 317, 322–4
Manet, Edouard, 127, 162
Manguin, Henri, 60
Manhattan Project, 397, 399, 506
Mann, Heinrich, 229, 354, 357
Mann, Katia (née Pringsheim), 135
Mann, Lynda, 682–3
Mann, Thomas, 64, 135, 142, 173, 228, 232, 353, 356, 503, 758; Death in Venice, 135–7, 171–2; The Magic Mountain, 228–9, 234
Mannheim, Karl, 181–2, 305, 381–2, 387, 439, 441; Diagnosis of Our Time, 376–8
Mansfield, Katherine, 99, 104
Mantoux, Etienne, 176
Mao Zedong, 180, 539
Mapangubwe, 557
Mapplethorpe, Robert, 663
Marc, Franz, 55, 64, 144, 172, 301
March, Harold, 137
Marconi, Guglielmo, 210
Marcuse, Herbert, 39, 225, 308, 502–3, 505, 596, 604, 644, 730; Eros and Civilisation, 503; An Essay on Liberation, 545–6; One-Dimensional Man, 503, 537, 584
Margulis, Lynn, 685
Marie von Thurn und Taxis-Hohenlohe, Princess, 227
Maritain, Jacques, 334, 353
Marquesas Islands, 494
Marquet, Albert, 60
Márquez Gabriel García, 706, 770; One Hundred Years of Solitude, 707–9
Marsden, Ernest, 92
Marshall, Thurgood, 525
Martin, John, 359
Marx, Karl: admires Darwin, 474; and alienation, 599; Bertrand Russell’s interest in, 100; and deconstruction, 632; failed connection with Freud, 753; forecasts collapse of capitalism, 224–5; and Freud, 502–3, 632; Gellner attacks, 665; on immiseration, 596; Popper attacks, 380; and Russian science, 318; Schumpeter opposes, 377–8; and Social Darwinism, 42
Masaryk, Jan, 353, 412
Masaryk, Tomás, 30
Maser, Werner, 242–3
Maslow, Abraham, 664; The Psychology of Science, 596–7
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 74, 497
Massine, Léonide, 130, 203
Masson, André, 204, 354
Masson, Jeffrey: Against Therapy, 663–4
Masters, William Howell, 426–7, 429; Human Sexual Inadequacy (with
Virginia Johnson), 529; Human Sexual Response (with Virginia Johnson), 427
Mathematical Review, 351–2
Mathieu, René, 414
Matisse, Henri, 60, 62, 144, 353
Matisse, Pierre, 350
Maugham, W. Somerset, 278
Mauriac, François, 334
Maurras, Charles, 409
Maxwell, James Clerk, 20–2, 29, 210, 256, 743
May, Frederick, 191
May, Rollo, 664
Mayakovsky, Vladimir, 167, 322, 325
Mayer, Maria, 507
Mayerhold, Vsevelod, 324
Mayr, Ernst, 372–3; The Growth of Biological Thought, 19; Systematics and the Origin of Species, 371
Mead, Margaret, 118, 142, 277–81, 423, 431–2, 462, 577, 665–6; Coming of Age in Samoa, 278–9, 665
Medawar, Sir Peter, 759
Medvedev, Roy, 540–1
Medvedev, Zhores, 540–1
Meidner, Ludwig, 302, 350
Meitner, Lise, 392, 395–6
Menchu, Rigoberta, 731
Mencken, H., 279
Mendel, Pater Gregor, 18–20, 36, 113–14, 320
Mendeleev, Dmitri Ivanovich, 258
Mengele, Josef, 310
Menninger, Karl, 423
Meredith, James, 524
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 408, 410–12, 421, 626
Merriam, Charles, 282
Messiaen, Oliver, 413–14, 623
Meyer, Carl, 222
Meynert, Theodor, 30
Michurin, I. V., 474
Microsoft Corporation, 605
Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 223–4, 304–5, 622
Milhaud, Darius, 356
Mill, John Stuart, 99, 548
Miller, Arthur, 640; Death of a Salesman, 437
Miller, Henry, 531
Miller, Herbert, 283
Miller, L. S., 684
Millett, Kate: Sexual Politics, 531
Mills, C. Wright, 447, 449, 454, 459, 595–6; The Power Elite and other tides, 439–41
Minotaur, 17
Mintz, Leo, 457
Miró, Joan, 204
Mitchell, Juliet: Women’s Estate, 530–1
Modersohn-Becker, Paula, 227
Modigliani, Amedeo, 294, 354, 718
Moholy-Nagy, Laszlo, 304–5, 354
Molotov, Vyacheslav M., 482; non-aggression pact with Ribbentrop (1939), 320, 413
Moltke, Helmut von, 241
Mondrian, Piet, 129, 355
Monet, Claude, 64
Monod, Jacques, 616–18
Montagnier, Luc, 660
Montagu, Ashley, 390, 423
Montaillou, 560
Montand, Yves, 627
Monteux, Pierre, 131
Montgomery, Alabama, 458, 524
Montherlant, Henri de, 422
Montignac, France, 368–9
Moog, Robert, 624
Moore, G. E., 99–100, 174
Moreau, Jeanne, 639
Morgan, T. H., 112, 113–17, 121, 267, 318–20, 346, 372
Morgan, William Jason, 554
Morozov, Georgy, 541
Morozov, Ivan, 164
Morrell, Lady Ottoline, 175, 201, 291, 297
Morris, Desmond, 616
Morris, Earl, 253
Morris, Simon Conway: The Crucible of Creation, 697
Morris, William, 223
Morrison, Blake, 465
Morrison, Toni: Beloved and other tides, 705
Morrow, William, 279
Morton, Jelly Roll, 216
Moscow, 165
Mosley, Sir Oswald, 367
Mosse, George L., 240–1, 240–1
Motherwell, Robert, 355, 510
Mount Wilson, California, 265, 267
Moynihan, Daniel P., 534, 704
Moynihan, Patrick see Glazer, Nathan
Mr. Hulot’s Holiday (film), 414, 637
Muggeridge, Malcolm, 294
Muhammad Adh-Dhib, 574
Müller, Karl Otfried, 728
Mumford, Lewis, 521; The Culture of Cities, 289; Technics and Civilisation, 288
Munch, Eduard, 35
Muncie, Indiana, 212
Munich: character, 172; Degenerate Art exhibition in, 312–13; secession in, 59, 64
Munro, Neil, 49
Murray, Charles: Losing Ground, 653–4, 767; see also Herrnstein, Richard J.
Murray, George, 103
Murrow, Edward R., 352
Murry, John Middleton, 297
Museum of Modern Art, New York, 331
Musil, Robert, 37, 183, 236; The Man without Qualities, 236–7 Mussolini, Benito, 273 Myrdal, Gunnar: An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy, 390–1, 423, 458, 644, 654–5
Nabis, Les (group), 59
Nabokov, Vladimir: Lolita, 429–30
Nachtsheim, Hans, 309–10
Nagasaki, 387, 401, 729
Nagel, Thomas, 701; Mortal Questions, 673; The View from Nowhere, 673–4
Naipaul, Sir Vidia S., 711; A House for Mr Biswas and other tides, 712; travel books, 762–3
Nambu, Yoichiro, 745
Narayan, R. K., 709
Narborough, Leicestershire, 682–3
Nash, Ogden, 218
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 567, 737
National Air and Space Museum, Washington, 729
National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC, 657
National Organization of Women, 431, 524
Needham, Joseph, 577
Negro peoples: appearance in Africa, 556–7; see also US minorities, racial neighborhood effect (education), 519
Neruda, Pablo, 334, 706
Neue Freie Presse (Vienna), 44–5
Neugebauer, Otto, 352
Neumann, Franz, 223, 225, 360
Neumann, Heinz, 413
Neumann, Johann (or John) von, 102, 363, 507
Neumann, Sigmund, 223
Neurath, Otto, 180, 235–6
Nevinson, C. R. W, 154
New Republic (periodical), 388
New School for Social Research, New York, 354
Newton, Sir Isaac, 21–2, 99, 602, 743; Principia Mathematica, 99
New Vienna Daily, 57
New York: art movement in, 85–6; buildings, 80, 82, 86, 331
New York Native (journal), 658
New York Times, 96–7, 665
New York World’s Fair (1939), 327
New Yorker (periodical), 211, 217–18, 504–5, 520, 582
New Zealand, universities, 73
Nicholson, Virginia, 348
Niebuhr, Helmut Rheinhaid, 80
Nietzsche, Friedrich: Conrad follows, 48; death, 65; and fascism, 234; French discover, 408; Hofmannsthal and, 30; influence, 39–40, 55, 90, 135; logical-positivist reaction against, 235; Nordau reads, 43; Picasso influenced by, 61; relations with Rilke, 227; Spengler influenced by, 171
Nijinska, Romola, 358
Nijinsky, Vaslav, 130–1
Nixon, Richard M., 568, 644–5
Nolde, Emil, 163, 222, 301, 312–13; Years of Struggle, 301
Noll, Richard, 760
Nordau, Max, 43–4, 48, 172
Northcliffe, Alfred Harmsworth, Viscount, 339
Nozick, Robert, 548–9, 644, 673; Anarchy, State, and Utopia, 550
Nureyev, Rudolf, 627, 663
Nussbaum, Martha: Cultivating Humanity, 732
O’Brien, Conor Cruise, 721
Oh! Calcutta! (stage musical), 529
Ohain, Hans von, 269–70
O’Hanlon, Redmond: Joseph Conrad and Charles Darwin, 49
O’Hara, Frank, 512
O’Hara, John, 218
Okigbo, Christopher, 713
Okri, Ben, 713
Okunev, Ivan Vasilievich, 315–16
Oldenburg, Claes, 511
Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, 485–7, 607, 688
Oliphant, Mark, 256, 366, 392–3, 396
Oliver, George, 103
Olivier, Laurence, 640
Olympic Games: 1904, St Louis, 112; 1936, Berlin, 329 & n
O’Neill, Ella, 345
O’Neill, Eugene, 216–17, 345–7, 717–18
Only One Earth (report), 583
Ophüls, Max, 637
Oppenheimer, Frank, 401
Oppenheimer, Robert, 401, 507
Opportunity (magazine), 282
Orbison, Roy, 457
Orpen, Sir William, 173–4
Ortega y Gasset, José, 331, 447, 599, 767; Revolt of the Masses, 291–2
Orwell, George (Eric Blair), 186, 285–8, 334, 337, 346, 464, 466, 472, 768; Animal Farm, 386–7, 413, 472; Down and Out in Paris and London, 286; Nineteen Eighty-Four, 472–3, 481; The Road to Wigan Pier, 287
Osborn, Henry Fairchild, 206
Osborne, John: Look Back in Anger, 463, 466, 470
Otis Brothers (elevator manufacturers), 8in
Oud, J. P., 224
Ovington, Mary, 108–9, 111
Owen, Wilfred, 145, 154–6
Owens, Jesse, 329
Ozenfant, Amédée, 355
Pach, Walter, 127
Pacific-Antarctic Ridge, 553
Packard, Vance, 445–6
Pallot, James, 639
Pangaea, 122
Panofsky, Erwin, 223, 305–6, 355, 360
Pappenheim, Bertha (‘Anna O’), 13, 55
Pargellis, Andrew, 749
Paris: cafes in, 411–12; Dada in, 163–4; intellectual and cultural life in (‘Left Bank’), 411–20; Picasso in, 23–5; rebuilt by Haussman, 52; Universal Exhibition (1900), 24; universities in, 627; see also Pompidou Centre
Park, Robert E., 216, 281–2, 390
Parker, Dorothy, 217
Parkes, Andrew, 97
Parks, Rosa, 458, 524
Parsons, Talcott, 629
Passchendaele, battle of (Great War), 146
Pasternak, Boris, 322–4
Pater, Walter, 5
Paterson, Annabel: Shakespeare and the Popular Voice, 717
Paul VI, Pope, 580
Pauli, Wolfgang, 258–9
Pauling, Linus, 266–8, 343–4, 374, 477–80, 615n
Pauling, Peter, 480
Pavlov, Ivan, 318
Paz, Octavio, 706, 763
Peano, Giuseppe, 101
Pearl Harbor, 354, 371, 397
Pechstein, Max, 301
Peebles, P.J. E., 569–70
Peierls, Rudolf, 392–3, 396
Peirce, Charles Sanders, 75–6
Penguin Books, 337–40
Penrose, Roger, 271, 701–2, 740
Penthouse (periodical), 529
Penzias, Arno, 569–70
Perelman, S. J., 218
Perkins, Anthony, 490–1, 663
Perkins, David, 196
Perls, Fritz, 664
Peru, 118–20
Perutz, Max, 267, 481
Pestalozzi, Johann, 78
Peter, Paul and Mary, 523
Pettigrew, Thomas, 534
Pevsner, Anton, 164
Piaf, Edith, 414
Piaget, Jean, 500, 629, 631, 634
Piano, Renzo, 621–2
Picabia, Francis: Pensées sans langage, 164
Picasso, Conchita, 24
Picasso, Pablo: Apollinaire and, 129; artistic career, 58–63; collaborates with Satie on Parade, 203, 257; designs sets for Diaghilev, 130, 199; Gide and, 201; influence on Rilke, 227; James Joyce evokes, 193; in Paris, 23–5, 59, 411; refuses to emigrate to USA, 353; studies Munch, 35; withdraws money from Paris bank (1914), 144; Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 58–9, 61–4, 131; Guernica, 332, 335–7
Pickford, Mary (née Gladys Smith), 88–9
Pierre Matisse Gallery, New York, 350, 355, 510
Pigou, Arthur, 383
Pincus, Gregory, 428–9
Pinker, Steven, 692, 695
Pinter, Harold, 418
Pirandello, Luigi, 191, 201, 412; Henry IV, 186, 191–2, 195; Six Characters in Search of an Author, 191 Pirsig, Robert: Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, 597–8
Piscator, Erwin, 229, 231, 354
Pitchfork, Colin, 683
Pitman, Walter III, 553
Pius X, Pope and St: Editae (encyclical), 68; Pascendi Dominici Gregus (encyclical), 67–8
Pius XII, Pope: Humani Generis (encyclical), 575–6
Pizarro, Gonzalo, 118
Planck, Karl, 145
Planck, Max: on conservatism of scientists, 489; criticises Mach, 37; discussed at St Louis World Fair, 112; family background and values, 5, 20, 757; German education, 74; on light behaving as particle, 260; and quantum physics, 21–3, 29, 36, 93, 95, 134, 258; Schlick studies under, 235; Schrödinger succeeds, 373; son killed in war, 145
Plato, 380
Playboy (periodical), 529
Playfair, Sir Nigel, 231
Ploetz, Alfred, 242
Plumb, J. H., 220
Podhoretz, Norman: Making It, 600
Poincaré, Jules-Henri, 94, 112, 132
Polanyi, Karl, 447, 471
Polanyi, Michael, 183, 471–2, 488, 596; Science, Faith and Society, 471
Polkinghorne, John: Beyond Science, 767
Pollock, Friedrich, 225
Pollock, Jackson, 355, 510, 624
Pommer, Erich, 222
Pompidou Centre, Paris, 621–3, 681
Pompidou, Georges, 621
Popes see John XXIII; Pius X; Pius XII
Popova, Lydia, 164
Popper, Karl, 183, 235, 386–7, 441, 767–8; The Logic of Scientific Discovery, 488; The Open Society and Its Enemies, 379–81
Porter, Cole, 342–3
Porter, Edwin, 87
Porter, Fairfield, 512
Porter, Roy: The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, 665–6
Post, George, 80
Postman, Neil, 770–1
Pötsch, Leopold, 158
Pound, Ezra, 188–90, 334
Prague, 238
Preminger, Otto, 599
Presley, Elvis, 457
Pribram, Karl, 27
Priestley, J. B., 338
Priestley, Joseph, 489
Princeton University, 75; Institute for
Advanced Studies, 303
Prinzhorn, Hans, 295
Prokofiev, Sergei, 130, 513
Proust, Marcel, 28, 137, 199; A la recherche du temps perdu, 137–8, 186, 199–200, 417
Psycho (film), 490–1
Puccini, Giacomo, 54; La Bohème, 24
Putnam, Hilary, 676–7, 701
Quatre Cents Coups, Les (film), 638
Queneau, Raymond, 412, 626
Quine, Willard van Orman, 644, 677, 732
Quinn, John, 126, 128, 190
Qumran, 574
Rabelais, François, 558
Rachmaninoff, Sergei, 356
Radice, Lisanne, 293
Radiocarbon (journal), 563
Rahv, Philip, 439, 459
Rainer, Yvonne, 515
Ramsay, Frank, 160
Randall, John, 366
Rank, Otto, 15
Rao, Raja, 706, 709
Rapaport, David, 306
Ras Shamra, 251–2
Rathenau, Walther, 302
Ratzel, Friedrich, 42
Rauschenberg, Robert, 511–14
Ravel, Maurice, 130–1
Rawls, John, 673; A Theory of Justice, 548–50, 620, 644, 650
Ray, Man, 86, 356
Ray, Satyajit, 712
Raynal, Maurice, 336
Read, Herbert, 334, 336
Reader’s Digest (periodical), 211, 217
Reagan, Ronald, 648–9
Reconstructing Individualism (essays), 730
Red Guards (China), 539–40
Reed, John, 86
Rees, Martin, 743
Rees, Rawlings, 151
Reich, Charles: The Greening of America, 583–6
Reich, Wilhelm, 223, 274, 354
Reichenbach, Hans, 306
Reik, Theodor, 505
Reinhardt, Max, 54, 353
Reith, John (later Baron), 219
Renfrew, Colin: Archaeology and Language, 691–2; Before Civilisation, 562–4
Renoir, Jean, 357, 637
Resnais, Alain, 639
Reston, James, 704
Rewald, John, 127
Rexroth, Kenneth, 455
Rhodes, Richard, 134, 262, 395
Richard, Jules, 271
Richards, I. A., 338, 465
Richardson, R. G. D., 352
Richardson, Tony, 463, 663
Richet, Charles, 113, 157
Richter, Hans, 161
Riefenstahl, Leni, 328, 329
Riesman, David, 592, 731; The Lonely Crowd, 432–6, 438–9, 442, 447, 449, 452, 454, 457, 470, 595, 599, 650
Rift Valley, East Africa, 555
Rilke, Rainer Maria, 186, 227–9, 233, 241, 244, 331; Duino Elegies, 227
Rimbaud, Arthur, 128
Rimsky-Korsakov, Nicolai
Andreyevich, 130, 164
Rivers, Larry, 512
Rivers, W. H., 155
Robbe-Grillet, Alain, 627, 639; Les Gommes, 413
Robeson, Paul, 215
Roche, Hélène, 613
Rock, Dr John, 428–9
Rockefeller Foundation, 352
Rockefeller, John, 119
Rodchenko, Alexander, 165–8
Rogers, Carl, 664
Rogers, Guy, 729
Rogers, Richard, 621–2
Rohmer, Eric, 636
Rolland, Romain, 161
Rollo, Charles, 423
Romero, Carlos, 118–19
Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad, 49, 91
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 353
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 306–7, 326–7, 342, 383, 386, 396, 400, 646; death, 401
Roosevelt, Theodore, 79, 110–11
Rorty, Richard, 735, 770; Objectivity, Relativism, and Truth, 670–3; Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature, 669–71, 676, 679
Rose, Hajo, 350
Rose, Steven, 692, 696
Rosen, Dr John, 663
Rosenberg, Alfred, 172, 295, 301, 313, 409; Der Mythus des 20. Jahrhunderts, 295–8, 315
Rosenberg, Harold, 511, 721n
Rosenberg, Isaac, 145, 154–5
Rosenberg, Julius and Ethel, 482
Rosenfeld, Isaac, 511
Rosenquist, James, 511
Ross, Harold, 217–18
Rostow, W. W.: The Stages of Economic Growth, 443–5
Roszak, Theodore: The Making of a Counter Culture, 595–8, 601, 605 Roth, Philip: Portnoy’s Complaint, 529, 584, 600
Rothé, Jean Pierre, 554
Rothko, Mark, 510
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 245
Routledge, George, 376, 378
Rowntree, Seebohm, 384–5
Roy, Claude, 336
Royal Commission on Population (1944; Great Britain), 428
Royal Court Theatre, London, 463
Royal Society, London, 261, 472
Royer, Clemence August, 42
Rubens, Heinrich, 22–3
Rubinstein, Artur, 356–7
Runyon, Damon, 409
Rushdie, Salman, 706, 715; Midnight’s Children, 710; The Satanic Verses, 710–12
Ruskin, John, 39, 332
Russell, Alys (née Pearsall Smith), 101; Religion and Science, 291
Russell, Bertrand: and 1900 Paris Exposition Universelle, 24; Aldous Huxley meets, 297; as ‘analytic’ philosopher, 32, 75; background and character, 99, 107; debates with John Dewey, 77; and World War I, 144–5; influence on Eliot, 189; and Keynes, 174–5; on logic of music, 58; and proliferation of mathematics, 352; Quine on, 677; status, 65, 98; Wittgenstein and, 99, 159–60; Principia Mathematica (with A. N. Whitehead), 101–2, 270–1; Principles of Mathematics, 100, 158
Russia (and USSR): cinema in, 329–30; Communism in, 293–4, 754; development of atomic weapons in, 400–1, 507–8; in World War I, 145; Great Terror in, 320–1, 323–4; Gulag in, 315–16, 542–4; psychiatric abuse in, 540–1; science in, 473–6, 481–4; Socialist Realism in, 322–3; Soviet
Russia (and USSR)—cont’d control of arts and sciences in, 316–25; space rockets and travel, 482–5, 566–8; Stalinist repression, 412–13; universities, 73, 317; and world spread of communism, 517
Rutherford, Ernest (later Baron), 90–3, 98, 107, 112, 133–4, 142, 183, 256–7, 261–3, 392–4
Ryazanov, Nikolai, 234
Ryle, Gilbert, 236
Sacher-Masoch, Leopold von, 33
Sachs, Hanns, 11, 505
Sacks, Oliver, 760; The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, 642
Sacy, Silvestre de, 714
Sagan, Françoise: Bonjour Tristesse, 429
Said, Edward, 51, 714–15, 762; Orientalism, 714
Saint Louis, Missouri: Wainwright Building, 81–2; World’s Fair (1903), 112
Saint-Exupéry, Antoine de, 334
Saint-Saëns, Camille, 131
Sakharov, Andrei, 541
Salam, Abdus, 743
Salinger, J. D.: The Catcher in the Rye, 584
Salmon, André, 129
Samoa, 278–9, 665
Samuelson, Paul, 648–9, 704
Sandberg, Wilhelm, 622
Sanger, Fred, 615
Santa Fe Institute, New Mexico, 748
Santayana, George, 110, 324
Sarajevo, 144
Sarnoff, David, 210
Saroyan, William, 409
Sarraute, Nathalie, 416
Sarris, Greg, 721
Sartre, Jean-Paul: as ‘continental’ philosopher, 32; education and background, 286, 407–9; effect on religious thinkers, 575; existentialist philosophy, 233, 407–10, 421, 627, 638, 770; ‘famille’, 412, 421; Lévi-Strauss attacks, 630; and Marcuse’s negation, 503; Nietzsche influences, 39; political beliefs, 410–13, 416; Rorty synthesises, 669; and Simone de Beauvoir, 421
Sarzec, Ernest de, 249
Sassoon, Siegfried, 99, 145, 155
Satie, Erik, 23, 157, 203
Saussure, Ferdinand de, 626, 630
Sautuola, Don Marcelino de, 369
Saxl, Fritz, 223
Say, Jean-Baptiste, 341
Schaeffer, Claude, 251
Schaller, George, 611
Schaudinn, Fritz, 104–5
Scherchen, Hermann, 313
Scherman, Harry, 211
Schiele, Egon, 180
Schiller, Friedrich von, 234
Schlemmer, Oskar, 300–2, 351
Schlesinger, Arthur, 721
Schlick, Moritz, 160, 183, 235–6, 270, 379
Schliemann, Heinrich, 15–16, 54
Schmidt-Rottluff, Karl, 294, 351
Schnitzler, Arthur, 28–30, 32, 36, 44, 55, 59, 192, 227–8; Lieutenant Gustl, 38; The Road into the Open, 28
Schoenberg, Arnold: character and appearance, 55–6; in Entartete Musik exhibition, 313; influence of atomic physics and anthropology on, 3; Kandinsky hears, 64; musical innovations, 56–60, 129, 230; Strauss on, 55; Stravinsky and, 142; in USA, 355–7; in Vienna, 37, 192; Das Buch der hängenden Gärten, 57; Erwartung, 58–9, 61; Pierrot lunaire, 58–9; Second
String Quartet, 57–9; Violin Concerto (Opus 36), 356; Von Heute auf Morgen, 232
Schoenberg, Mathilde (née von Zemlinsky), 56–7
Schofield, Paul, 640
Schonberg, Harold, 56, 129
Schönerer, Georg Ritter von, 43, 243
Schopenhauer, Arthur, 39
Schramm, Percy, 223
Schrödinger, Erwin, 260, 267, 362; What is Life?, 373–4
Schuch, Ernst von, 52
Schulte, Cardinal, Archbishop of Cologne, 297
Schultze-Naumburg, Paul: Kunst und Rasse, 294–5, 297
Schumacher, E. F., 376
Schumacher, Fritz: Small Is Beautiful, 585–6
Schumann-Heink, Ernestine, 54–5
Schumpeter, Joseph: Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy, 376–8
Schuyler, James, 512
Schwartz, Robert, 660
Schwarz, John, 745
Schweitzer, Albert: Quest for the Historical Jesus, 576
Schwitters, Kurt, 162, 193, 302, 350–1, 355; ‘Merz’ paintings, 162
Scopes, John: trial, 207
Scotland: universities, 74
Scott, Carson Pirie, 82
Scott, J. D., 464
Screw (periodical), 529
Scriabin, Aleksandr, 56
Scruton, Roger, 5; Intelligent Person’s Guide to Modern Culture, 767
Seaborg, Glenn, 507
Searle, G. D. & Co., Chicago, 429
Searle, John, 701–2
Seberg, Jean, 639
Segrè, Emilio, 507
Seier, Eduard, 118
Self, Jim, 515
Sembene, Ousmane, 713
Sen, Amartya, 642, 649–50, 655, 762; Poverty and Famines, 651–2
Senghor, Léopold, 460
Serner, Walter, 161
Seurat, Georges, 59
Seveso, Italy, 586
Shakespeare, William: Harold Bloom on, 724; and modern cultural studies, 716–17, 725–6; Peter Brook directs, 640–1
Shankar, Ravi, 712
Sharpy-Shafer, E. A., 103
Shattuck, Roger, 24
Shaw, George Bernard, 340, 383
Shchukin, Sergey, 164–5
Shelter Island, New York, 508
Shentalinsky, Vitali, 316, 322, 323
Shephard, Alan, 567
Sherrington, Sir Charles, 367
Shils, Edward, 376, 390, 447, 721n
Shing-Tung Yau, 744
Shirer, William, 361
Shivarov, Nikolai, 323
Shockley, William, 476–8
Shostakovich, Dmitri, 47, 55?, 475; Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District, 323
Shub-ad, Queen, 250
Sibelius, Jean, 56
Siedlung see Bauhaus
Signoret, Simone, 627
Silicon Valley, California, 478
Sillitoe, Alan, 464
Simenon, Georges, 409
Simmel, Ernst, 151, 505
Simmel, George, 181
Simon, Théodore, 500
Simpson, George Gaylord, 371, 577
Sinclair, Upton, 231
Sinfield, Alan, 716
Sitter, W. de, 183
Sitwell, Sir Osbert, 215
Skinner, Burrhus Fred, 677, 695; Science and Human Behaviour, 494–8, 500; Verbal Behaviour, 496
Slessor, Marshal of the RAF Sir John, 365
Slim, Field Marshal William, Viscount, 365
Slipher, Vesto, 265
Sloan, John, 86
Slodki, Marcel, 161
Smit, Jan, 687
Smith, Adam: The Wealth of Nations, 650
Smith, Charlotte, 88
Smith, J. Russell: North America, 212
Smith, John Maynard, 692, 695
Smith, Roger, 3
Smith, Stevie, 423
Snezhnevsky, Andrei, 541
Snow, Sir Charles P. (later Baron), 5, 133, 256, 471, 489; The Two Cultures, 468–70
Snowden, Frank, 728
Sobell, Morton, 482
Society for Psychical Research, 157
Soddy, Frederick, 91
Solotaroff, Theodore, 511
Solow, Robert, 593n, 648–9
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 39, 541–2; The Gulag Archipelago, 482, 541–4
Sombart, Werner, 171, 244, 768
Somme, battle of the (Great War), 146
Sontag, Susan, 592; ‘Against
Interpretation’, 515; AIDS and its Metaphors, 662; Illness as Metaphor, 636, 661–2
Sony (Japanese company), 477
Sorley, Charles Hamilton, 145
Soupault, Philippe, 163
South Africa: apartheid in, 526
Soyinka, Wole, 461; Myth, Literature and the African World, 713
Spanish Civil War (1936–9), 334–7
Spearman, Charles, 149
Spectator (periodical), 469
Speer, Albert, 329
Spencer, Barbara, 652
Spencer, Herbert, 41–2, 293, 453
Spencer, Stanley, 154, 157
Spender, Stephen, 332–4
Spengler, Oswald, 39, 188, 208, 408, 410, 768; The Decline of the West, 171—3, 294, 310, 381
Spinoza, Baruch de, 99
Spiro, Eugen, 350
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, 714–15
Spock, Benjamin, 538
Stalin, Josef V., 4, 293, 329–30, 386–7, 410, 412–13, 482–3, 761; Five Year
Plan of, 316–18; repression of arts by, 322–4; and science, 473–5
Stanley, Sir Henry Morton, 49–50
Starling, E.H., 102
Steichen, Edward, 80
Stein, Gertrude, 24, 60, 126–7, 142, 165
Stein, Leo, 60–1, 165
Steinbeck, John, 297, 409
Steiner, George, 757
Steiner, Rudolf, 64
Stekel, Wilhelm, 14, 138, 142
Stella, Frank, 511
Sten, Jan, 324
Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle), 422
Stent, Gunther: The Coming of the Golden Age, 755, 758, 766
Stern, W., 148
Stevens, Wallace, 347, 718
Stewart, Ian: Life’s Other Secrets, 748–9, 752
Stieglitz, Alfred, 63, 80, 288
Still, Clyfford, 510–11
Stockhausen, Karlheinz, 623–4
Stoddard, Lothrop, 390
Stonewall raid (New York, 1969), 526
Stoppard, Tom, 718
Storey, David, 464
Strachey, Lytton, 99, 159, 174–5, 297
Strauss, Johann, 12
Strauss, Richard, 30, 37, 56–7, 60, 74; Elektra, 54–5, 59, 61, 759; Salomé, 52–4, 59, 64, 759
Stravinsky, Igor: describes Schoenberg, 56; in Entartete Musik exhibition, 313; influenced by Debussy, 131, 142; music for Diaghilev ballet, 129–31; as
patron of Ciurlionis, 63; rejects
stylistic innovations, 55?; in USA, 356–7; Rénard, 199; Le Sacre du Printemps, 129–32
Stroheim, Erich von, 327
Strominger, Andrew, 744
Stromme, Stein, 744
Stumpf, Carl, 237
Sturm, Der (periodical), 300
Subaltern Studies (journal), 714–15
Sullivan, Mrs Cornelius J., 127
Sullivan, Harry Stack, 275, 277
Sullivan, Louis Henry, 80–1
Sumer, 249–51
Summers, Larry, 652
Sumner, William Graham, 41
Susskind, Leonard, 745
Sutton, Walter, 114
Swanson, Robert, 605, 616
Switzerland see Zurich
Sydney Opera House, 622
Symons, Julian, 472
Syria: university, 73
Szathmáry, Eörs see Smith, John May-nard: The Major Transitions in Evolution
Szilard, Leo, 180, 396, 398
Taft, William Howard, 111
Tafuri, Manfredo, 622
Taieb, Maurice, 612
Taine, Hippolyte, 66
Taine, Kathleen, 338
Tallents, Sir Stephen, 327
Tapiès, Anton, 414
Tarsis, Valery: Ward 7, 540
Tati, Jacques, 414, 514, 637
Tatlin, Vladimir, 164–7
Taueber, Sophie, 161
Taut, Bruno, 224
Tawney, Richard Henry, 186–7, 208, 210, 306, 384, 437; The Acquisitive Society, Religion and the Rise of Capitalism, 187
Taylor, F. B., 122
Taylor, Frederick Winslow: Principles of Scientific Management, 79, 680
Taylor, Gordon Rattray, 616
Teilhard de Chardin, Marie-Joseph-Pierre, 577–8; The Phenomenon of man, 578
Teller, Edward, 180, 396, 507–8
Temple, William, Archbishop of
Canterbury: Christianity and the Social Order, 381–2, 388
Temps modernes, Les (journal), 410–12
Tennant, Admiral Sir William, 365
Tereshkova, Valentina, 566
Terman, Lewis, 149–50
Texas Instruments, 477
Tharp, Twyla, 515
Thatcher, Margaret, 647–50
Thom, René, 748
Thomas, Keith: Religion and the Decline of Magic, 602–5
‘Thomas, Sim’, 413
Thomas, W. I., 282
Thompson, D’Arcy Wentworth: On Growth and Form, 749
Thompson, E. P., 465, 467; The Making of the English Working Class, 561–2
Thomson, Sir Joseph John, 21, 49, 93, 144, 183
Thorak, Josef, 312
Thrasher, Frederic: The Gang, 282
Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania, 667
Thurber, James, 218
Thurow, Lester: Zero-Sum Society, 652
Tillich, Paul, 234, 305, 360, 575–6
Time magazine, 211, 217–18, 220
Times Literary Supplement, 202
Timmins, Nicholas, 384
Tinbergen, Nikolaas, 606
Tizard, Sir Henry, 365, 393, 396
Toch, Ernst, 313
Toland, Gregg, 348
Tolkien, J. R. R., 581
Tolstoy, Count Lev Nikolayevich, 234
Tomlinson, Ray, 738
Toomer, Jean, 216
Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri de, 24
Toynbee Hall, London, 186
Trenet, Charles, 409
Trilling, Lionel: Beat generation rejects, 456, 465; defence of liberalism and high culture, 452, 454, 462, 467, 600, 634, 706, 733; on fiction’s aims, 674; on Leavis-Snow two cultures debate, 469–70; on university’s role, 723; The Liberal Imagination, 452, 733
Trotsky, Leon, 86
Truffaut, François, 637, 638
Truman, Harry S., 401, 507; Doctrine, 474
Tschermak, Erich, 18
Tupolev, Andrei, 482
Turgenev, Ivan Sergeyevich, 234
Turing, Alan, 102, 361–5, 492
Turkana, Lake, Kenya, 688
Turkey: universities, 73, 351
Turnbull, Colin, 642
Turner, Joseph Mallord William, 39
Turner, Ken, 569
Tuskegee Institute, Montgomery, Alabama, 110
Tutankhamen, 246, 248, 574
Tutuola, Amos: The Palm-Wine Drinkard, 460 291 gallery, New York, 63 2001: A Space Odyssey (film), 584
Tzara, Tristan, 161–3
Ugarit see Ras Shamra
United States of America: anti-Communism in, 434 & n; anti-Semitism in, 327, 350, 353, 435, 646; atomic research in, 506–7; black power in, 523–5; census, 655; economic planning in, 388, 390; environmental protection in, 583; European refugees in, 303–6, 350, 353–7, 435, 502; free market in, 646–7; industrial production, 589–90; New Deal in, 326, 341, 383; oil imports, 590; popular culture in, 704; poverty in, 520–1; space rockets and travel, 566–8; and teaching of literary canon, 723–5; universities in, 73–5, 78, 281, 722–3, 730–32; in World War II, 397; see also individual places and institutions
University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), 356
Updike, John: Rabbit and other tides, 718–19
Ur (or Chaldea), 249–50
Urey, H. C., 684
Uruk, 249
Ussher, James, Archbishop of Armagh, 124
Utah, University of, 738
Utzon, Jörn, 621–2
Vafa, Cumrun, 744
Valley of the Kings, Egypt, 246–7
Van Allen, James, 484
Vanderbilt, Mrs Cornelius, 215
van Doren, Carl, 216
Van Gogh, Vincent, 58, 127
Van Vechten, Carl: Nigger Heaven, 216–17
Vargas Llosa, Mario: The Green House and other tides, 706–7
Varmus, Harold and Robert Weinberg: Genes and the Biology of Cancer, 661
Vassiliev, Sergei and Grigori, 330
Vatican: condemns modernism, 68; Holy Office, 66; prohibited books, 297; see also individual popes
Vatican Ecumenical Council, Second (Vatican II), 579–80
Vauxcelles, Louis, 60, 62
Vavilov, Nikolai Ivanovich, 311, 319—21, 323
Veblen, Oswald, 352
Veblen, Thorsten, 41–2
Vemork, Norway, 400
Veneziano, Gabriele, 744–5
Venus (novel), 104
Versailles, Treaty of (1919), 173–8, 273
Vertov, Dziga, 168
Vienna: aesthetics in, 29; anti-Semitism in, 94, 192, 243; child psychology in, 499; Circle, 37, 75, 235–6, 270, 306, 379; coffee houses in, 27; consequences of 1919 peace in, 180; Freud in, 12, 14; Grienstiedl Cafe, 28, 34, 56; Jung Wien group in, 28; Karl Kraus in, 192–3; preeminence in ideas, 26–8, 30–3, 36–7, 56; Ringstrasse, 26, 34–5; Secession artists, Jugendstil 35; Therapeutic nihilism in, 27
Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, 15
Vietnam: US war in, 533, 536, 538, 585
Vilcabamba (Inca city), 118–19, 121
Vincennes, University of (Paris), 627
Vinci, Leonardo da, 252
Vkhutemas school, Moscow, 165
Vlaminck, Maurice de, 60, 409
Vollard, Ambroise, 62
Vries, Hugo de, 17–18, 36, 112–14, 318
Vuillard, Edouard, 59
Vulpian, Daniel, 103
Waddington, C. H.: The Scientific Attitude, 378
Wagner, Cosima, 53
Wagner, Otto, 34–5
Wagner, Richard, 56, 61, 128, 171; Tannhäuser, 45
Wagner-Jauregg, Julius von, 151–2
Wain, John, 464
Walden, Herwarth, 300
Walker, A’Lelia, 215
Walker, Alice: The Color Purple, 705
Walker, Kenneth, 147
Wall Street crash (1929), 273, 326, 340, 646
Wallace, De Witt, 211
Waller, Fats, 216
Walling, William, 108–9, 111
Walpole, Sir Robert, 231
Walter, Bruno, 158, 357
Walters, Barbara, 599
Warburg, Aby, 223, 305
Warburg Institute of Art, 223, 226, 305
Ward, Barbara, 583
Ward, Lester, 41
Warhol, Andy, 331, 510–12, 514
Warner, Sam, 87
Washington, Booker T., 109–11, 458
Washington University Medical School, St Louis, Missouri, 426
Wassermann, August, 105
Watson, James Dewey, 375, 478–81, 700
Watson, John B., 112
Watts, Harry, 328
Weatherall, Sir David, 666
Weatherall, Miles, 660
Webb, Beatrice, 188, 292–4, 383
Webb, Sidney, 187, 292–4, 306, 383; Soviet Communism (with Beatrice
Webb), 292
Webb, W. L., 544
Weber, Max, 45–8, 56, 74, 112, 173, 188, 236, 432, 440, 593; The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, 46–7
Webern, Anton von, 37, 56, 230, 313, 623
Webster, H. C., 262
Wedekind, Frank, 16, 64, 231
Wegener, Alfred, 122–3, 553
Weidenreich, Franz, 371
Weill, Kurt, 222, 231–2, 313
Weimar Republic, 173, 221–4, 226, 228, 231, 244
Weinberg, Robert, 661
Weinberg, Steven, 743; The First Three Minutes, 570–1
Weininger, Otto, 12, 32–3, 35, 59, 194, 199
Weinstock, Dr Harry, 493
Weiss, Peter: Marat/Sade, 640–1
Weizmann, Chaim, 307
Welles, Orson, 348–9
Wells, H. G., I, 48, 340, 383; War of the Worlds, 348
Wen Chung-pei, 577
Werfel, Franz, 161, 354, 357
Weschler, Lawrence, 357
Wesker, Arnold, 464
Wharton, Edith: The Age of Innocence, 209
Wheeler, John, 572
Whistler, James McNeill, 24, 35
White, E. B., 218
White, Harry Dexter, 389
White, Michael, 96
White, Tim, 613–14
Whitehead, Alfred North, 24, 58, 98, 100–2, 185, 271, 451; Principia Mathematica (with Bertrand Russell), Whitman, Walt, 726
Whitney, Gertrude Vanderbilt, 127
Whittle, Frank, 268–70
Whole Earth Catalogue, 595
Whyte, W. H.: Organisation Man, 438–40, 457, 584
Wickramasinghe, Chandra, 762
Wiene, Robert, 222
Wigan, 287
Wigner, Eugene, 180, 396, 507
Wilde, Oscar, 24, 39, 43; Salomé, 53
Wilder, Burt, 108
Wilder, Thornton, 409
Wilkins, A. F., 366
Wilkins, Maurice, 375, 478–81
Williams, Raymond, 235, 331, 465–8, 632, 634–5, 715–16; Culture and Society, 466
Williams, Robley, 749
Williamson, Henry, 581
Wilson, Allan, 689–90
Wilson, Edmund, 137
Wilson, Edward O., 616–18, 620, 651, 692–3, 698, 731; Consilience, 771; Sociobiology, 618
Wilson, Harold, 384
Wilson, Robert, 569–70
Wilson, Woodrow, 112, 174, 177
Winckelmann, Johann, 54–5
Winston, Brian, 739
Winter, Jay, 6; Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning, 157
Wirth, Louis: The Ghetto, 282
Wisconsin Plan, The, 383
Wissler, Clark, 212
Witten, Edward, 744–5
Wittgenstein, Ludwig: analytical philosophy, 32, 75; attends Königsberg conference, 270; and Beckett, 418; and Bertrand Russell, 99, 158–60; Dworkin cites, 644; family and career, 158–9; in World
War I, 145, 157–9, 172, 183; ideas, 160–1; and Keynes, 174; and Lacan, 626; reads Spengler, 173; Rorty on, 669–70; and therapeutic nihilism, 12; Turing meets, 363; and Vienna Circle, 37; Philosophical Investigations, 492–6; Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, 145, 157, 159–60, 164, 192, 236, 492
Wittgenstein, Margarete, 158
Wolfe, Tom, 598–9, 601, 620; The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby, 584
Wolff, Christian, 74
Wollheim, Gert, 350
Woltmann, Ludwig, 240
Woodstock music festival (1969), 537
Woolf, Leonard, 174, 293
Woolf, Virginia, 189, 201, 210, 276, 293, 759; Jacob’s Room, 186, 193, 195, 201–2, 276; A Room of One’s Own, 276–7
Woolley, Sir Leonard, 249–50, 340
World Bank, 389
World Health Organization (WHO), 498–9
Woytinsky, W. S., 389–90
Wright, Richard, 458–9
Wright, Robert, 758–60; The Moral Animal, 751
Wright, Wilbur and Orville, 83–5
Wundt, Wilhelm, 139, 149
Yagoda, Genrikh, 321
Yale University, 75
Yan (or Yen) Fu, 178
Yao Wenyuan, 538–9
Yeats, William Butler, 23, 156, 194–7; omits Owen from Oxford Book of Modern Verse, 156
Yerkes, Robert, 149–50, 206
Yezhov, N. I., 324
Yom Kippur War (1973), 589
Young, Andrew, 525
Young, Michael: The Rise of the Meritocracy, 448–9, 698
Yung Wing, 70
Zabel, William, 446
Zadkine, Ossip, 355
Zehme, Albertine, 58–9
Zemlinsky, Alexander von, 56
Zentralblatt für Mathematik und ihre Grenzgebiete, 352
Zervos, Christian, 336
Zhdanov, Andrei, 320, 412, 474
Zhou Enlai, 540
Zhoukoud, Adolf, 311, 313
Ziegler, Adolf, 312
Zimbabwe, 556–7
Zimbalist, Efrem, 356
Znaniecki, Florian, 282
Zola, Emile, 24, 43, 209, 245, 327
Zuckmayer, Carl, 231
Zukor, Adolph, 87
Zurich, 161, 229
Zweig, George, 569
Zweig, Stefan, 28, 44, 228, 307, 353