B

BABE - baby; a child’s rag doll

BACCARE - stand back!

BACCHUS - the god of wine and the son of Zeus and Semele

BACCHANALS - drunken dance to Bacchus

BACKWARD - what lies behind; in the past

BACK - sound all the way through; rear of an army; support, backing; to mount (invented by Shk)

BACK-FRIEND - a bailiff (usually the bailiff approached from the back to arrest the criminal); false friend

BACKWARD - the past; behind

BACKWARDLY - perversely

BACON - a man from the country

BACON-FED - country-bred (the modern form is “chaw-bacon”); also slang for “fat”

BAFFLE - to disgrace

BAG - to retreat without surrender of any goods

BAIT - to harass (ie “bear-baiting”)

BAKED-MEATS - meat-pies, pastry

BALD - naked; bare; bare-headed

BALDRICK - a belt

BALE - evil; mischief; injury

BALK (1) - to let slip; to dispute logic

BALK (2) - a little mound or heap

BALKED - heaped up

BALLOW - syn for cudgel

BALM - to anoint with oil; to sooth, heal (used 3 times in Shk)

BALMY - fragrant and soothing (invented by Shk)

BALSAM - balm

BAN - to curse

BAND - bond; obligation; agreement or promise

BANDY - to strike or throw; to fight; to beat to and fro like a tennis ball

BANE - poison; murder, destruction, cause of death of another

BANK - to coast, skirt

BARM - yeast

BARN (1) - a child

BARN (2) - to store in a barn

BARNACLE - species of goose supposed to be hatched from sea shells

BASE (1) - a boy’s game, sometimes called “prisoners’ base”

BASE (2) - reason

BASE (3) - dark-coloured; low-lying

BASE-COURT - outer court of a mansion or castle

BASES - pleated skirt of cloth, brocade, or velvet, reaching from waist to knee

BASE-VIOL - an early version of a modern cello

BASILISK - a reptile, said to kill with its breath; large cannon, made of brass

BASIMECU - negative term for a Frenchman

BASTARD (1) - sweet Spanish wine

BASTARD (2) - counterfeit; false

BATE (1) - strife

BATE (2) - a bird’s beating wings

BATE (3) - to blunt; to reduce or diminish

BAT-FOWLING - catching birds in the dark with a bright light

BATLET - a small bat, used for beating clothes

BATTLE - army

BAVIN - brushwood

BAWCOCK - a fine fellow

BAWD - procurer

BAY - deep barking; to pursue with barking

BEADSMAN - one paid to pray for others (see hermits)

BEARING-CLOTH - child’s christening robe

BEAT - to flutter; to think deeply or ponder

BEAVER - face guard of a helmet

BEDLAM - the Hospital of St Mary of Bethelem in London, used as an insane asylum

BED PRESSER - lazy person

BEEF-WITTED - thick-headed

BEETLE (1) - a kind of mallet

BEETLE (2) - overhang threateningly

BEETLE-BROWS - bushy eyebrows

BEING (1) - life, existence

BEING (2) - abode; dwelling

BELDAME - grandmother; hag

BELLONA - the goddess of war (Macbeth is “Bellona’s bridegroom”)

BE-METE - to measure

BE-MOILED - to befoul with dirt

BENDING - submissive

BENVENUTO - welcome

BESHREW - curse

BERGOMASK - a rustic dance (named after the people of Bergamo, Venice)

BESTRAUGHT - distracted

BETEEM - to grant

BETIDE - to happen

BEZONIAN - a beggar; rascal

BIDING - abiding-place

BIGGEN - a night-cap

BILBERRY - the whortleberry

BILBO - a sword Comes from the sword Bilbao, known for its amazing blade

BILBOES - shackles on an iron bar locked to the floor

BILL - a bill-hook, a weapon

BIN - been, are

BIRD-BOLT - a bolt to be shot from a crossbow at birds

BIRDING - part hawking at partridges

BIRTH-STRANGLED - killed at moment of birth

BIS COCTUS - twice cooked

BISSON - blinding

BLANK - the white mark in the middle of a target

BLENCH - to move; flinch

BLENT - blended

BLIND-WORM - small, venomous snake

BLOOD-BOLTERED - hair matted with blood

BLOOD-DRINKING - “blood-drinking sighs” - reference to the belief that every sigh causes the heart to lose a drop of blood

BLOW - to inflate

BOARD - to make advances to; accost

BOB (1) - to taunt

BOB (2) - to cheat

BOB (3) - to bang or thump

BODGE - to give way

BODKIN - dagger; long pin for the hair

BOLD - to embolden

BOLLEN - swollen

BOLTED - sifted, refined

BOLTER - a sieve

BOLTING-HUTCH - a hutch in which meal was sifted

BOMBARD - a barrel, a drunkard

BOMBAST - padding

BONA-ROBAS - a harlot

BOND - that to which one is bound

BOOK - learning; writing on a tablet

BOOT - help, use

BOOT - advantage

BOOTLESS - without advantage, useless

BOOTS - bots, a kind of worm

BORE - calibre of a gun

BOREAS - the north wind

BORES - stabs

BOSKY - covered with underwood

BOSOM - wish, heart’s desire

BOTS - worms which infest horses

BOTCHER - cobbler

BOTTLE - a bundle of hay

BOURN - a boundary

BRACE - armour for the arm, state of defence

BRACH - a hound bitch

BRAID - deceitful

BRAVE - handsome, well-dressed

BRAVE - boast

BRAVERY - finery

BRAWL - a dance

BREAST - voice (Twelfth Night, 23)

BREATHE - to exercise

BREATHING - exercising

BREECHING - liable to be whipt

BREED-BATE - a breeder of debate, a mischief-maker

BREESE - the gadfly

BREWAGE - brewed drink

BRIBE-BUCK - a stolen buck

BRING - to attend one on a journey

BRINDED - striped

BRING - to attend one on a journey

BROCK - a badger, a term of contempt

BROKE - to act as a procurer

BROKEN - having lost some teeth by age

BROKEN MUSIC - the music of stringed instruments

BROKER - a sly and crafty knave

BROTHERHOOD - trading company

BROWNIST - a follower of a sect of Puritans

BRUIT (1) - noise, report, rumour

BRUSH - rude assault

BUBUKLES - pimples

BUCK - suds or lye for washing clothes in

BUCK-BASKET - the basket in which clothes are carried to the

BUCKING - washing

BUCK-WASHING - washing in lye

BUG - a bugbear, a spectre

BULLY-ROOK - a bragging cheater

BURGONET - a kind of helmet

BURST - to break

BUSKY - bushy

BUTT-SHAFT - a light arrow for shooting at a target