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NOTE: Works by Richard Holmes (RH) appear directly under title; works by others under author’s name
Abbey, Richard, 229, 231
Abelard, Peter, 297
Ackroyd, Peter, 47, 58, 309; Dickens, 60
Age of Wonder, The (RH): genesis, 16; presented to Royal Society, 35; subjects and aims, 43–4
Ainsworth, Harrison, 100
Airy, Sir George, 211
Albinson, Cassandra, 265, 273
Alexander the Great, 49–50
Allingham, William, 312
Allston, Washington, 102–3
Alzheimer’s disease, 91
Ampère, André Marie, 206
Analytical Review, 181, 190
Ancients, The (group), 310, 312, 327, 331
Anning, Mary, 115
Anti-Jacobin Review, 181–2, 184
Apreece, Jane, 163
Arago, François, 205, 207
Aristotle, 79
Arnold, Matthew, 246
Associationism, 83, 86–8
astronomy see cosmology
Athenaeum (magazine), 202
Atherley, Arthur, 270
Aubrey, John, 47–8, 125; Brief Lives, 48, 57
Auden, W.H., 35
Audubon, John James, 228–9
Austen, Jane, 116; Emma, 185; Sense and Sensibility, 192
Axel, Richard, 89
Babbage, Charles: and Mary Somerville, 205; and Ada Byron, 208–9; ‘Lectures on Astronomy’, 39
Backscheider, Paula: Reflections on Biography, 54
Bailey, Benjamin, 234
Baillie, Joanna, 209
Ball, Admiral Sir Alexander John, 10
balloons: development, 28, 32, 97–8; romance and appeal of, 97–100; Coleridge’s flight, 99–105
Banks, Sir Joseph, 23, 29–30, 35, 37, 114
Barbauld, Anna, 23–4, 183, 210
Barnes, Julian: Flaubert’s Parrot, 59
Barrington, Daines, 267
Bate, Walter Jackson, 227, 236
Baudelaire, Charles, 278
Bayley, John: Iris, 191
Beaumont, Sir George, 298
Becquerel, Antoine César, 206
Beddoes, Thomas, 288
Bell, Andrew, 300
Bentham, Mathilda: Dictionary of Celebrated Women, 184
Bentley, G.E.: Blake Records, 310; A Stranger in Paradise, 310
Berenson, Bernard, 145
Berenson, Mary, 145–7, 150
Bergson, Henri, 93
Big Bang Theory, 302
Biographie Universelle, 167
biography: importance of author’s physical involvement, 5–6; and ‘two-sided notebook’, 6; ‘vertical footnote’ technique, 33–4; as literary form, 47–9, 51, 53–4; as academic subject, 48–51, 54, 58–62, 64, 67–9; Samuel Johnson on, 51–2; proposed canon, 54–7; comparative, 58–9; narrative techniques, 63–6; and authorship, 68; rules for, 69–70; challenges conventions, 191–2; Mary Shelley and, 256–7; human time in, 258–9; Romantic, 281; Victorian revival, 314–16
Biot, Jean-Baptiste, 202, 205–6
Birrell, Francis, 151
Black, Joseph, 28
Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, 166
Blagden, Charles, 114
Blair, Robert: The Grave, 311, 334
Blake, Catherine (Kate), 311, 318, 329, 334–5
Blake, William: hostility to science, 22; Thomas Lawrence supports, 273; Preface to Milton, 307–8, 332; radical influence, 307–8; death, 310; neglected and misjudged by contemporaries, 310–12; as artist and illustrator, 311; Gilchrist researches and writes on, 312–13, 315–20, 326–35, 337–8; Samuel Palmer on, 316–17; in Felpham, 317, 329, 337; eccentric behaviour, 333–5; ‘Auguries of Innocence’, 24; ‘Jerusalem’ (poem), 307–8, 332; Jerusalem (‘Prophetic Book’), 326, 337; ‘London’, 308–9; ‘A Memorable Fancy’, 332; ‘Notes on Lavater’, 320, 332; Poetic Sketches, 320; Poetical Works (ed. William Rossetti, 1874), 335; ‘Prophetic Books’, 326, 336–7; Proverbs of Hell, 332; ‘Rossetti Notebook’, 309; Songs of Innocence and Experience, 273, 308, 310–11; ‘The Tyger’, 308–11; Visions of the Daughters of Albion, 327; The Wise and Foolish Virgins, 273–4
Blanchard, Jean-Pierre, 23, 32, 43, 97
Blessington, Margaret, Countess of, 276–7
Blood, Fanny, 63, 176, 187
Bloom, Harold, 310
Blücher, Field Marshal Gebhard Leberecht von, 275
Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich, 9, 30
Bogue, David, 314
Bolívar, Simón, 231
Book of Job: illustrated by Blake, 311, 316, 325
Boswell, James: as biographer, 47; and Zélide (Isabelle de Tuylle), 140, 142, 144, 147; visits Rousseau, 164; Life of Johnson, 52, 54–5, 57, 65–6
Bougainville, Antoine de, 29
Boyle, Robert, 114, 125
brain (human), 79–80, 89–91
Brawne, Fanny: letters to Keats, 221; Andrew Motion invokes, 225; love affair with Keats, 226–7, 233–5; on Keats’s power to attract, 228; Keats’s letters to, 236; moves to Hampstead Heath, 239; flirts with Charles Brown, 240; later marriage, 240; mourns Keats, 240
Brent, Charlotte, 102, 107
Brewster, Sir David, 201–2, 311; Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton, 58
Bright Star (Jane Campion; film), 226
Bristol Pneumatic Institute, 15
British Association for the Advancement of Science, 23
Bronowski, Jacob, 309
Brontë, Charlotte, 55, 57; Villette, 57
Brontë sisters, 116
Brown, Carlino (Charles’s son), 241
Brown, Charles Armitage: friendship with Keats, 224, 226–7, 230–1, 237–9; character and background, 237; fails to write Keats’s biography, 240; later life, 240; Narensky (comic opera), 237; Otho the Great (play, with Keats), 239
Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, 60, 167, 212
Browning, Robert, 212, 331
Bruder, Helen, 310
Buchan, John: The Thirty-Nine Steps, 90
Buck, Linda, 89
Buckley, Arabella, 208
Burke, Edmund: ‘A Philosophical Enquiry into the Origin of our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful’, 24
Burney, Fanny, 116, 149, 157, 185, 266; The Wanderer, 185
Burns, Robert, 232
Burrows, Johnnie (Anne Gilchrist’s brother), 322
Butts, Thomas, 328, 330–1, 334
Byatt, A.S.: Possession, 59
Byerley, Katharine, 296
Byron, Anne Isabelle, Lady, 116, 208
Byron, George Gordon, 6th Baron: and science, 23, 27, 36; on Newton’s apple, 26–7; biographies of, 57; Thomas Moore on, 57; view of Mme de Staël, 155, 165–6; posthumous fame, 222; death at Missolonghi, 246; and Shelley’s death, 248; sailing with Shelley, 250; effect on Shelley, 253; finances Leigh Hunt, 254; in Mary Shelley’s writings, 256; style, 269; meets Lady Blessington, 277; and Lawrence portrait of Charles Lambton, 278; on Coleridge, 286; Don Juan, 36; ‘Sonnet to Lake Leman’, 166; ‘Vision of Judgement’, 254
Calderón de la Barca, Pedro, 253
Calne, Wiltshire, 11
Campbell, Clarissa: Wollstonecraft’s Daughters, 192
Campion, Jane, 226–7
Canning, George: Lawrence portrait of, 276; ‘The Vision of Liberty’ (satirical poem), 184
Carlyle, Jane Welsh, 315
Carlyle, Thomas: and Gilchrist, 314–15, 321, 335; praises Gilchrist’s Blake, 331; Anne Gilchrist plans life of, 338; Life of Frederick the Great, 315
Caro, Robert: Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Power, 64–5
Caroline, Queen of George IV, 272
Cavalier, Jean, 76
Cavendish, Sir Charles, 118, 120–1
Cavendish, Margaret, Duchess of Newcastle (née Lucas): burial in Westminster Abbey, 13, 216; background, 116–17; soubriquet (‘Mad Madge’), 116, 132; marriage, 117–20; character, 118, 131; letters, 118–20; dress, 120–1, 125–6, 132; in Holland, 121; attends Royal Society meetings, 125–7; satirises Royal Society, 127–8, 130; on Nature, 129–30; notoriety, 207; opposes vivisection, 210; The Blazing World, 127–9; ‘The Hunting of the Hare’, 129–30; The Life of William Cavendish, 131; Observations on Experimental Philosophy, 131; Philosophical Letters, 129; Playes, 129; Poems and Fancies, 121–5, 127, 129; A True Relation of my Birth, Breeding and Life, 131
Cévennes, France, 6–7, 73–5
Chalmers, Alexander, 185
Chantrey, Sir Francis, 207–8, 216
Charles, Archduke of Austria, 275
Charles, Jacques-Alexandre, 97
Charlotte, Queen of George III, 268
Charlotte Dundas (steamship), 28
Charrière, Charles de, 141, 144, 147, 149
Charrière, Isabelle de see Tuyll, Isabelle de
Chastenay, Madame de, 160
chemistry, 29
Chevalier, Tracy, 310
Children of Albion: Poetry of the Underground in Britain (anthology), 308
chronometer, 27
Civil War (English), 117
Clapton, Eric, 167
Clarke, Charles Cowden, 224
Clarke, Marisse, 77–8; Wash Day and Bath Night (dissertation), 78
Clerk Maxwell, James, 201, 206
Coburn, Kathleen, 285
Coleridge, Hartley, 8, 298
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor: biography, 7; notebooks, 8, 297; travels, 9–10, 13, 30; in Malta, 10, 293; moon- and sun-worship, 10; opium addiction, 11, 14, 102, 283, 289, 293, 296; friendship with Davy, 13, 15–16, 21, 290, 293–4, 303; infatuation with Sara Hutchinson, 13–15; experiments with Humphry Davy, 15–16; and science, 21, 23–4, 105, 290, 303; on biography, 52; on memory, Associationism and forgetfulness, 81–4, 86, 92–3; balloon flight, 99–107; Poe admires, 100–1; Allston portrait (1814), 102–3; quarrel with Wordsworth, 103; and Mary Robinson, 193; Keats meets, 225, 230; lectures at Royal Institution, 281–5, 294–7, 300–4; walking, 281; poetic principles, 286–7; portrait (1799), 286; studies in Germany, 287–8; attends Davy’s Royal Institution lectures, 291–2; on Imagination, 293, 297–300; aesthetic theory, 297–8; on Education, 300–1; career as public lecturer, 302; reads Blake in manuscript, 310; The Ancient Mariner, 9, 100, 286, 301; ‘An Angel Visitant’, 15; Biographia Literaria, 11, 83, 86, 105, 164, 299–300, 302; ‘Dejection: an Ode’, 13; ‘The Eolian Harp’, 295; ‘Frost at Midnight’, 11, 82–3, 286; ‘Kubla Khan’, 8, 12, 15, 93, 99, 103, 226, 286, 289, 293; Lyrical Ballads (with Wordsworth), 190; Notebooks, 82; ‘Religious Musings’, 81–2; Shakespeare Criticism, 302; ‘Sonnet to the River Otter’, 11; The Theory of Life, 302; ‘To a Young Ass’, 286; ‘A Tombless Epitaph’, 12
‘Coleridge Among the Scientists’ (RH; lecture), 21
consciousness (human), 79–80
Constable, John, 106
Constant, Benjamin: relations with Madame de Staël, 141, 156, 161–2, 167; relations with Zélide, 141–4, 146, 151; Geoffrey Scott identifies with, 147; on Mme de Staël’s Corinne, 162; Adolphe, 141, 145, 165; Cahier Rouge, 161
Cook, Captain James, 22, 29, 37
‘Corinna, Corinna’ (blues song), 167
Cornwall, Barry, 234
cosmology: developments, 28, 41–2; Shelley on, 39; see also Herschel, William
Cottle, Joseph, 286
Courier (newspaper), 246
Cox, Jane, 234
Creation myth, 43
Creationism, 215
Crick, Francis: The Astonishing Hypothesis, 79
Croker, Rosamund, 276
Cromek, Robert Hartley, 334
Cunningham, Alan: Lives of the Most Eminent British Painters, 311
Curie, Marie, 114
Cusk, Rachel: Aftermath: On Marriage and Separation, 192
Cutting, Lady Sybil (later Scott), 145–7
Cuvier, Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert, Baron, 22
Dalton, John, 29
Dante Alighieri: Inferno, 311
Darwin, Charles, 21–2, 31, 214–15, 303; On the Origin of Species, 200, 323
Darwin, Erasmus, 23, 28, 42, 288, 302
Davy, Sir Humphry: relations with Coleridge, 13, 15–16, 21, 294, 303; as scientist, 23; and early anaesthesia, 29, 32, 289; Mayhew on, 33; as subject of biography, 35; influence on Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, 43; and Associationism, 84; painted by Thomas Lawrence, 267; status and fame, 267; lectures and demonstrates at Royal Institution, 281, 291–2, 297; invites Coleridge to lecture, 283, 285, 293, 295, 302–4; influenced by German Romantic science, 288; poetry, 290, 295; delivers Second Bakerian Lecture at Royal Society, 293–4; writes to Coleridge on imagination, 293; calorific experiments, 298; Salmonia, or Days of Fly-Fishing, 84
Dawkins, Richard, 39; Unweaving the Rainbow, 225
Defoe, Daniel: on Jack Sheppard, 52; fictional women, 186
de Morgan, August, 116
Denman, Maria, 317
De Quincey, Thomas, 296–7
Descartes, René, 121
Devonshire, Georgiana Duchess of, 266, 272
Dickens, Charles: and Ellen Ternan, 58; The Mudfog Papers, 199
Digby, Sir Kenelm, 68, 120
Domenichino: Cumaean Sybil (painting), 159
Don Juan (boat), 246, 250–3, 257
Dowden, Edward: life of Shelley, 59
Dr Johnson & Mr Savage (RH), 60
dreams, 80
Dryden, John, 50
Dylan, Bob, 167
East Anglia, University of, 61
Eclectic Review, 313
Edel, Leon: Writing Lives: Principia Biographica, 54
Edgeworth, Maria, 205; Belinda, 185
Edinburgh Review, 202, 205
education: Coleridge on, 300–1
Eliot, George, 116, 162, 192; The Mill on the Floss, 203–4
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 163
Endeavour, HMS, 30
Erdmann, David: Prophet Against Empire, 310
Etty, William, 313–14, 318
European Magazine, 180
Evans, Mary Ann see Eliot, George
Evelyn, John, 114, 126
evolution theory: Mary Somerville accepts, 214–15; Coleridge on, 302
exploration (geographic), 29–30
Fairfax, Vice-Admiral William, 203
Falling Upwards: How We Took to the Air (RH), 99
Faraday, Michael, 23, 201, 205, 207
Farington, Joseph, 270, 273
Farren, Elizabeth, 269
Felix Farley’s Bristol Journal, 102
Felpham, Sussex, 317, 329, 337
Fenwick, Elizabeth, 173–4
Ferry, Georgina, 115
Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 164
Finch, Francis Oliver, 317
fish: and memory, 84
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 225
Flaxman, John, 318, 331, 335
Footsteps (RH), 5–6
Ford, E. Onslow, 248
forgetting, 73, 75, 80, 85–6, 91–3
Forster, Johann and Georg, 29
Forster, John: life of Dickens, 58; popular biographies, 318; Oliver Goldsmith, 314
Fournier, Louis: The Cremation of Shelley (painting), 248
Frankenstein, Victor (fictional figure), 21–2
Franklin, Sir John, 30, 206
French Revolution: Thomas Lawrence and, 269
Friend, The (journal), 52, 303
Froude, James Anthony: Life of Thomas Carlyle, 56, 337
Fry, Elizabeth, 192
Frye, Northrop: Fearful Symmetry, 308, 310
Fuller, Margaret, 163, 192
Funnell, Peter, 265
Fuseli, Henry, 176, 178–9, 188, 335
Gardon, river (France; les Gardons), 73–4, 76–7
Gaskell, Elizabeth, 318; Charlotte Brontë, 55, 57, 315
Gassendi, Pierre, 120, 122
Gautier, Théophile, 277
Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis, 205–6
Gélieu, Isabelle de, 149
General Biographical Dictionary, The, 185
Genesis, Book of, 43
Gentleman’s Magazine, 171
George III, King, 267
George IV, King (earlier Prince Regent), 274–5
Germany: intellectual influence on Coleridge, 287–8
Gigante, Denise: The Keats Brothers, 228
Gilchrist, Alexander: researches and writes on Blake, 310, 312–18, 320, 326, 328, 330–1, 334–5, 339; ill health, 319; death, 321; quality of writing, 332–3; Life of Blake, 318, 330
Gilchrist, Anne (née Burrows; Alexander’s wife): marriage and children, 314, 319; walks with Alexander, 315; collects Blake watercolours, 317; acts as Alexander’s amanuensis, 319–20; background and career, 321–3; and Alexander’s death, 323–4; writings, 323, 338; completes and edits Alexander’s life of Blake, 324–31, 334, 336–9; in America writing on Whitman, 336; revises Blake biography, 336; cancer and death, 338; death of daughter Beatrice, 338; writes Blake entry for Dictionary of National Biography, 338; ‘Lost in the Woods’ (children’s story), 322
Gilchrist, Beatrice (Alexander’s daughter), 320–1; death, 338
Gillray, James, 182
Ginsberg, Allen, 308
Gittings, Robert, 227, 232–4, 236–7
Godet, Philippe: Madame de Charrière et ses Amis, 142–3, 146, 151
Godwin, William: writes life of Mary Wollstonecraft, 52, 55, 62–4, 175–82, 186–91; devastated by Mary’s death, 173; views and beliefs, 173; edits Mary’s Posthumous Works, 175, 182; attacked and criticised, 182–4, 186; first meets Mary, 188; biography of, 194; death, 195; Thomas Lawrence drawing of, 268–9; criticises Humphry Davy’s scientific work, 290–1; Caleb Williams, 173; An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice, 173, 176; Memoirs of the Author of a Vindication of the Rights of Women, 52, 55, 62–4, 179–80, 183, 186, 190, 196
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 30, 253; Faust, 9, 255; The Sorrows of Young Werther, 53, 178, 187
Gooden, Angelica, 167
Gordon, Lyndall, 62
Gosse, Sir Edmund: Father and Son, 59
Göttingen, Germany, 9
Graham, Mrs (earth scientist), 206
Graham, Sheilah: College of One, 225
Grahame, Kenneth: The Wind in the Willows, 89
gravity, 200
Gray, Francine du Plessix, 167
Greek War of Independence, 254
Green, Charles, 100, 102
Green, Joseph Henry, 303
Greenfield, Susan: The Human Brain: A Guided Tour, 89, 91, 92
Greer, Germaine, 310; The Boy, 248
Greig, Samuel, 204
Greig, Woronzow (Mary Somerville’s son), 204–5, 210, 213
Greta Hall, Keswick, 13–14
Guiccioli, Countess Teresa, 163, 277
Gunn, Thom: ‘Keats at Highgate’, 225
Halley, Edmund, 114
Hambling, Maggi, 115
Hamilton, Emma, Lady, 53
Hamilton, Ian: Keepers of the Flame, 59
Hamilton, Mary, 267–8
Hardy, Henriette l’, 149
Hardy, Thomas: Two on a Tower, 34
Harrison, Thomas, 27
Hartley, David: Observations on Man, His Frame, His Duty and His Expectations, 79–82, 89, 91, 93
Harvey, William, 128
Hawkins, Frances, 276
Haydn, Joseph, 38, 41–2; The Creation (oratorio), 40–1, 43
Haydon, Benjamin Robert, 231, 264
Hayley, William, 329, 336
Hays, Mary, 172, 183–4; Dictionary of Female Biography, 184
Hazlitt, William: on Coleridge’s ballooning, 101; on Godwin, 186; and Keats, 231; writing for Leigh Hunt, 254; on Lawrence’s portrait of Prince Regent, 275; ‘My First Acquaintance with Poets’, 255; The Spirit of the Age, 57
Héger, Constantin, 57
Heine, Heinrich, 159
Hemans, Felicia, 163
Henrietta-Maria, Queen of Charles I, 117, 120–1
Henry, Joseph, 202, 206
Hermenches, Chevalier Constant d’: Zélide’s correspondence with, 135–9, 143; Geoffrey Scott identifies with, 147
Herold, J. Christopher: Mistress to an Age, 160–1
Herschel, Caroline: and science, 16, 23, 35, 37–8, 41–2; astronomical discoveries, 113, 210; scientific writings, 114–15; made Honorary Fellow of Royal Astronomical Society, 115
Herschel, Sir John, 211; A Preliminary Discourse on the Study of Natural Philosophy, 29
Herschel, William: cosmological studies and discoveries, 23, 28, 32, 35, 37–43; and sister Caroline, 114; letter to Whewell on need for science books, 199; and Mary Somerville, 205–7
Historical Magazine, 180
Hitchcock, Alfred, 90
Hitler, Adolf, 57
Hobbes, Thomas, 79, 120
Hodgkin, Dorothy, 115
Hogg, Thomas Jefferson: life of Shelley, 59
Holcroft, Thomas, 173, 268–9
Holmes, Richard: in France, 6–7, 73–6; lectures at Royal Society, 35; teaches biographical studies, 48–9, 61–9; goes ballooning, 97–8; lectures at Harvard, 103; in Rome, 221; on Shelley’s drowning, 245; lectures on Romantic lecturing, 281
Holroyd, Michael, 47, 56
Hooke, Robert, 114, 125; Micrographia, 128
Hoppner, John, 274
Horace (Horatius Flaccus), 48
Howard, Luke: On the Moderation of Clouds, 106
Hugues, M. (farmer), 65
Humboldt, Alexander von, 30, 202, 206, 210; Cosmos, 210; Personal Narrative of a Journey to the Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent, 30–1
Hume, David: Treatise on Human Nature, 79
Hunt, James Leigh, 224, 231, 240, 251, 254, 258
Hutchinson, Sara (‘Asra’): in Coleridge’s Notebook, 8, 82; Coleridge’s love for, 13–15, 103; Coleridge’s poem to, 13
Hutton, James, 43
Huxley, Thomas Henry, 115
Huygens, Constantijn, 121
Hypatia of Alexandria, 113
imagination: Coleridge and, 293, 297–300
Imlay, Fanny (Mary Wollstonecraft’s daughter), 175, 188
Imlay, Gilbert, 63, 175–6, 178, 181, 188, 193
Jacobs, Diane, 62
Jasinski, Béatrice, 158
Jefferson, Thomas, 156
Jeffries, John, 43, 97
Jerningham, Edward, 284, 296–7
Job see Book of Job
Johnson, Joseph, 63, 174–5, 178–9, 181, 183–4, 188
Johnson, Robert, 167
Johnson, Samuel: Boswell’s life of, 52; biographical writings, 57; lives of, 57; on stage illusion, 298; Life of Mr. Richard Savage, 52, 65; Lives of the Poets, 55; ‘On Biography’, 51
Jones, Isabella, 234–5
Jones, Louisa, 175
Juniper Hall, Surrey, 157
Kant, Immanuel, 164
Keats, Frances (John’s mother), 227
Keats, George (John’s brother), 228–30
Keats, John: and science, 23, 38, 39; death in Rome, 221–2, 246; posthumous resonance and influence, 222–6, 241; imaginative powers, 223–4; friendship with Charles Brown, 224, 226–7, 230–1, 237–9; meets Coleridge, 225, 230; love affair with Fanny Brawne, 226–7, 233–5; biographies, 227–30, 237, 241; on brother George, 229; black eye playing cricket, 230; career, 231; circle of friends, 231; tour of Scottish Highlands, 231–2; and brother Tom’s death, 232; tuberculosis, 233, 239; and women, 233–5; letters to Fanny Brawne, 236; described by Charles Brown, 238; on ‘Negative Capability’, 299; ‘La Belle Dame Sans Merci’, 236, 229; ‘Bright Star’, 234, 235; ‘The Day is Gone’, 235; Endymion, 236, 231; ‘The Eve of St Agnes’, 226, 234, 237; ‘The Eve of St Mark’, 234; Hyperion, 230, 232, 236; ‘The Jealousies, or the Cap and Bells’, 233; Lamia, 235; ‘Ode to a Nightingale’, 224; ‘On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer’, 39–40; Otho the Great (play, with Brown), 239; Poems (1817), 231; ‘To Autumn’, 223, 226; ‘To Psyche’, 230
Keats, Tom (John’s brother), 232, 234, 238–9
Kemble, Fanny, 272
Kingsborough family, 179, 184
Kipling, Rudyard: Something of Myself, 89; ‘Wireless’ (story), 225
‘Knocking on Heaven’s Door’ (RH; lecture), 103
Korsakoff’s syndrome, 91
Kuhn, Thomas, 208
Lamb, Charles, 231, 310
Lamb, Mary, 192, 338
Lambton, Charles William, 264, 277
Lamorisse, Albert, 98
Lancaster, Joseph, 285, 300–1
Landor, Walter Savage, 240
Laplace, Pierre-Simon, Marquis de, 22, 28, 42–3; Méchanique Céleste (trans. by Mary Somerville as The Mechanism of the Heavens), 205; Exposition du Système du Monde, 42
Lardner, Dionysus, 208
Lavoisier, Antoine Laurent, 22
Lawrence, Sir Thomas: exhibition (National Gallery 2010), 263; reputation, 263–5, 277–8; background and career, 265–7; style, 267–70, 275; modest lifestyle and character, 270–1; romantic attachments, 272–3; finances and generosity, 273; as official court painter, 274–5; elected President of Royal Academy, 275; knighted, 275; official portraits of record, 276–8; exhibits in Paris, 277; portraits of children, 277; death, 278; Charles William Lambton (The Red Boy; painting), 264, 277–8; Laura Anne and Emily Calmady (painting), 277; ‘On Being Left Alone after Dinner’ (poem), 271; Satan as a Fallen Angel (drawing), 272; Satan Summoning his Legions (abandoned painting), 271
Lawrence, William, 23
Leavis, F.R., 278
Lee, Hermione: Body Parts, 245; Virginia Woolf, 65–6
Leigh, Mike, 216
Lenclos, Ninon de (Anne de Lenclos), 138, 149
Leonardo da Vinci: Codex Atlanticus, 92
Lewes, G.H.: Goethe, 315
Lexell, Anders Johan, 40
Liberal, The (journal), 254–5
Linnell, John, 317, 327–8, 331, 335
Lovelace, Augusta Ada, Countess (née Byron), 116, 208–9; Sketch of the Analytical Engine invented by Charles Babbage Esq, 209
Lucas, Charles, 117
Lunar Society, 42
Lyell, Sir Charles, 23, 31, 115
McEwan, Ian: Enduring Love, 225–6
Macmillan (publishers): and Gilchrist’s life of Blake, 318–21, 324, 327, 334, 336
Malkin, Benjamin Heath, 331
Malta, 10, 293
Mariano, Nicky, 145–6
Martin, Jonathan, 312
Martineau, Harriet, 116; Autobiography, 186
Marx, Groucho, 91
Maskelyne, Nevil, 113
Masters, Alexander, 47; Stuart: A Life Backwards, 65
Maugham, William Somerset, 47
Maurois, André: Ariel, 151; Mape: The World of Illusion, 272
Mayhew, Henry: The Wonders of Science, 33
Meade, Lady Selina, 276
Méchain, Pierre, 113
Mechanics’ Magazine, 202
memory: goddess of (Mnemosyne), 73; RH’s, 73, 75; academic enquiry into, 77; Hartley on association and, 79–82; Coleridge on, 81–2; and Associationism, 83–4; and human brain, 90–1; long-term, 92
memory boxes, 77–8, 82
Meredith, George, 325
Merivel, Sir Robert, 126, 343
Mersenne, Martin, 120
Messier, Charles, 40
Metternich, Prince Clemens Lothar Wenzel, 275
Mill, John Stuart: opposes vivisection, 210; and Shelley, 256; The Subjection of Women, 192
Millais, John Everett: The Eve of St Agnes (painting), 24–5
Miller, Lucasta: The Brontë Myth, 59
Milton, John: Paradise Lost, 40, 53, 272, 302
Mitchell, Joni, 167
Mitchell, Maria, 210–13
Mitford, Nancy, 57
Monarchon, Henriette, 149
Monthly Magazine, 181, 311
Monthly Mirror (magazine), 172
Moore, Thomas, 57
Morgan, Charles and Mary, 102
Mortimer, Raymond, 151
Motion, Andrew: poetry, 227; in Rome, 237; The Invention of Dr Cake, 225, 227, 233–4, 236; Wainewright the Poisoner, 60
Mountstuart, Lord, 270
Mr Turner (Mike Leigh; film), 216
Murdoch, Iris, 191
Murray, John (publisher), 164, 199–200, 205, 208, 213
Nadar, Félix, 99
Napoleon I (Bonaparte), Emperor of the French, 57, 155, 157, 164
nature: in German thought, 287, 294
Necker, Jacques, 159
Nelson, Admiral Horatio, Viscount, 53
Nelson, Willie, 167
New York Sun (newspaper), 99–100
Newcastle, Margaret, Duchess of see Cavendish, Margaret
Newcastle, William Cavendish, 1st Duke (earlier Marquis) of, 117–20, 131
Newton, Sir Isaac, 21–2, 24–7, 58, 104, 114, 224, 309
Nicolson, Harold: on Scott’s life of Zélide, 151; The Development of English Biography, 54; Some People, 151
Nicolson, Nigel: Portrait of a Marriage, 191
nitrous oxide (‘laughing gas’), 15, 29, 288
Norman, Sylva: The Flight of the Skylark, 59
North, Roger, 50
North, Thomas, 50
O’Donohue, Abigail (Charles Brown’s wife), 140
Oken, Lorenz, 287
Opie, Amelia (née Alderson), 149, 185; Adeline Mowbray, 185
Opie, John, 175, 185
Origo, Iris: Images and Shadows, 146
Osborne, Dorothy, 126
Ottery St Mary, Devon, 11–12
Owen, Robert, 192
Paine, Thomas, 63–4, 188
Palmer, Samuel, 316–17, 331, 335–6
Paolozzi, Eduardo: statue of Blake’s Newton, 22, 309
Papendieck, Charlotte, 268, 272
Paris: siege (1870–71), 98–9; Thomas Lawrence exhibits in, 277
Park, Mungo, 23, 30, 43; Travels in the Interior of Africa, 30
Parkinson’s disease, 91
Pascal, Blaise, 79
Pasquier, Suzette du, 150
Paul, Kegan, 179
Peacock, Thomas Love, 59
Peel, Sir Robert, 276
Penfield, Wilder, 90
Pepys, Samuel, 114, 125, 127, 129
Peyrat, Napoléon: Pasteurs du Désert, 76
Phillips, Thomas, 265
Piano, The (Jane Campion; film), 226
Pius VII, Pope, 275
Plath, Sylvia, 17
Playfair, William, 204
Plumly, Stanley: Posthumous Keats, 228
Plutarch, 61; Life of Alexander, 49–50
Pneumatic Institute, Clifton, 288
Poe, Edgar Allan: on Coleridge’s balloon flight, 99–100, 102–7; Eureka, 105; Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque, 101, 106
Pointon, Marcia, 265
Polwhele, Richard: ‘The Unsexed Females’ (poem), 182–3
Poole, Tom, 283
Priestley, Joseph, 23, 80–1, 288; History of Electricity, 288
Proust, Marcel: À la Recherche du Temps Perdu, 88–9, 93
‘Public Characters’ (publisher’s series), 194
Quarterly Review, 202
Red Balloon, The (Albert Lamorisse; film), 98
Reid, Thomas, 81
Revue Britannique, La, 311
Reynolds, John, 231
Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 263–4, 266
Richmond, George, 317, 335
Ritter, Johann Wilhelm, 287
Roberts, Captain, 251–2
Robinson, Henry Crabb, 284, 301, 318, 331; Reminiscences, 335; ‘William Blake: Artist, Poet and Religious Dreamer’, 318
Robinson, Mary (‘Perdita’), 183; Letter to the Women of England, 193–4
Roe, Nicholas: John Keats: A New Life, 230–1, 233–4, 236–7
Rogers, Samuel, 265
Roget, Peter, 288
Rolland, M. (farmer), 75
Romanticism: and science, 21–2, 24, 27, 36, 39; and biographical writings, 52–3
Rome: Keats’s death in, 221–2, 237
Roscoe, William, 180
Rossetti, Christina, 325, 331
Rossetti, Dante Gabriel: buys Blake manuscripts, 312, 322; Gilchrist meets, 318; and Gilchrist’s life of Blake, 325; wife’s death, 325
Rossetti, William Michael, 312, 319, 325, 327–8, 335
Roszak, Theodore: The Making of a Counter Culture, 308
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 164, 277; Confessions, 322
Royal Academy, London: Lawrence exhibits at, 268
Royal Astronomical Society, London, 115
Royal Institution, London: lectures, 281–5, 290–5, 300–4
Royal Society of London: RH presents The Age of Wonder to, 35–6; celebrates 350th anniversary (2010), 113–14; and role of women in science, 114, 116; Margaret Cavendish attends meetings, 125–7; Margaret Cavendish satirises, 127–8, 131; Mary Somerville disbarred from Fellowship, 207; Davy lectures at, 293–4; Philosophical Transactions, 42, 114
Rubens, Peter-Paul, 298
Sackville-West, Vita, 59, 146–7, 151, 191
Sadler, James, 103–5, 107
Sage, Laetitia, 23
St Clair, William, 62
Sainte-Beuve, Charles Augustin, 142–3, 160
Salomon, Johann Peter, 40
Sandoz-Rollin, Caroline de, 150
Savage, William, 282
Schelling, Friedrich: Naturphilosophie, 9, 287
Schiff, Stacy, 57
Schuchard, Marsha: Why Mrs Blake Cried, 310
science: and literature, 16–17, 21–2; women in, 16, 23, 38, 114–16; Coleridge and, 21–2, 105; and technological development, 27–8; discoveries, 28–9; biographies, 32–3, 43–4; writings, 199; divisions and specialisms, 201–2
Scott, Geoffrey: biography of Isabelle de Tuyll (The Portrait of Zélide), 142–51
Scott, Sir Walter: unaware of Blake, 311
Sedgwick, Adam, 207
Severn, Joseph, 221, 224, 231, 240
Shakespeare, William: Hamlet, 11; Romeo and Juliet, 163; Venus and Adonis, 299
Shelley, Mary (née Godwin): and science, 16, 23, 38–9; biographies of, 59; birth, 63; Mme de Staël’s influence on, 167; infancy, 175; elopes with Shelley, 195; on mother (Mary Wollstonecraft), 195–6; posthumous fame, 222; and Shelley’s death, 247–8; on Shelley’s passion for boating, 250; and Shelley’s final sailing trip, 251–2; writing for Leigh Hunt, 254; counterfactual biographies, 256–7; life after Shelley’s death, 256–8; ‘The Bride of Modern Italy’, 254; Falkner, 257; The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck, 257; Frankenstein, 43, 53, 195, 256; The Last Man, 195, 256; Lodore, 257; ‘Note to the Poems of 1822’, 248
Shelley, Percy Bysshe: biography by RH, 5; and science, 23; boating on Lake Geneva with Byron, 166; death by drowning, 245–50, 252–3; tomb and monuments, 248; sailing experience, 250–1; radicalism and beliefs, 253–6; translating, 253–4; unfulfilled prospects, 255–7; on human time, 258; Leavis criticises, 278; Naturism, 333; ‘Adonais’, 222, 229; ‘Alastor’, 249; Hellas, 195; The Indian Enchantress, 253; ‘Odes to Liberty’, 254; ‘A Philosophical View of Reform’, 254; Queen Mab, 38, 258; The Revolt of Islam, 195; The Triumph of Life, 249, 253; ‘A Vision of the Sea’, 249
Shelley, Percy Florence, 255
Shelley, Sir Timothy, 255
Sheppard, Jack, 52
Shortland, Michael and Richard Yeo (eds): Telling Lives in Science, 33
Siddal, Elizabeth (D.G. Rossetti’s wife), 325
Siddons, Sarah, 266, 272
Sidetracks (RH), 5
Sismondi, Jean Charles Léonard de, 161
Skeys, Hugh, 176–7
smell: and association, 88–9
Smiles, Samuel: Self-Help, 315
Smith, Charlotte, 183
Snow, C.P.: ‘The Two Cultures’, 21, 43
Somerville, Martha (Mary’s daughter), 205–6, 209, 213, 215–16
Somerville, Mary: and science, 16, 23; background, 203–4; in France, 205; translates Laplace, 205; Chantrey bust, 207–8, 216; fame and recognition, 207, 216; invited to Cambridge, 207; and Ada Byron (Lovelace), 208; character and manner, 208; moves to Italy, 209–10, 213; unsettled private life, 209; Maria Mitchell meets and admires, 211–13; beliefs, 214–15; in old age, 215–16; death and burial, 216; Oxford college named for, 216; on evolution and teleology, 303; Molecular and Microscopic Science, 213–14; On the Connexion of the Physical Sciences, 29, 199–202, 205–6; later editions, 208, 210; Personal Recollections, 215; Physical Geography, 210, 212, 215
Somerville, Mary, Jr (Mary’s daughter), 205–6, 213
Somerville, William, 204–6, 209, 211; death, 213–14
Southey, Robert: life of Nelson, 53; letter from Coleridge on association, 92; on Godwin’s Memoirs of Mary Wollstonecraft, 180; on Coleridge’s Royal Institution lectures, 300–1; on Blake, 310
Spenser, Edmund, 223
Spurling, Hilary, 47, 57
Staël, Albertine de, 155, 157
Staël, Anne Louise Germaine de Staël-Holstein, Baronne de (née Necker): and Benjamin Constant, 141, 156, 161–2, 167; and Zélide, 144, 147–8, 151; background, 155–6; illegitimate child, 155, 157; lifestyle, 157; friendships and network, 158; biographies of, 159–60; fondness for father, 159–60; turban, 159–60; effect on Byron, 165–6; reputation and influence, 166–8; Corinne, 141, 155, 159, 162–3, 167; Correspondence Générale 1788–1809, 158; Delphine, 158, 161; On the Character of Monsieur Necker and his Private Life, 160; On Germany, 155, 163–5, 167; Reflections on Suicide, 158
Stanley, Virginia, 68
Steffens, Henrik, 287
Stendhal (Marie-Henri Beyle), 277
Stevenson, Robert Louis, 6–8; Travels with a Donkey in the Cévennes, 10, 76
Stowe, Harriet Beecher, 162
Strachey, Lytton, 69, 150; Eminent Victorians, 47, 143; Queen Victoria, 151
Stukeley, William, 24–5, 224
Sunstein, Emily, 62
Swift, Jonathan, 128
Swinburne, Algernon Charles, 309, 319, 325; William Blake: A Critical Essay, 335–7
Tatham, Frederick, 317, 328, 335
Taylor, Harriet, 192
Taylor, John, 229, 234–5
Ternan, Ellen, 58
Thackeray, William Makepeace: Vanity Fair, 278
Thirty-Nine Steps, The (Alfred Hitchcock; film), 90
Thomas, Edward: ‘Old Man’ (poem), 87–8
Thompson, E.P., 310
Thurman, Judith, 57
Ticknor, George, 164
Tocqueville, Alexis de: Democracy in America, 164
Todd, Janet, 62
Tomalin, Claire, 47, 57, 58, 62; The Life and Death of Mary Wollstonecraft, 190
Trelawny, Edward John: and Charles Brown, 240; and Shelley’s cremation, 245, 247–8; funerary inscription for Shelley, 247; on Shelley’s sailing experience, 250; and Shelley’s drowning, 252; Records of Shelley, Byron and the Author, 247
Turner, J.M.W., 210
Tuyll, Ditie de, 136
Tuyll, Isabelle de (‘Belle de Zuylen’; ‘Zélide’): appearance and character, 135–6; correspondence with Hermenches, 135–9, 143; marriage to Charrière, 135, 140–1, 144; life’s aims, 136–8; writings, 137, 142, 149; correspondence with Boswell, 140, 144, 148; relations with Benjamin Constant, 141, 143–4, 146, 148, 161; Geoffrey Scott writes biography, 142–52; clandestine affair, 149; women friends, 149–50; Caliste, 139, 142, 149; Letters from Mistress Henley published by her Friend, 141; Letters written from Neufchâtel, 141; Three Women, 139, 149
Upton, Hon. Mrs, 272
Uranus, 32, 35, 39–40
Vaughan, William, 278
Verne, Jules: Cinq Semaines en Ballon, 98
Victoria, Queen, 114
Vivian, Charles, 252
Voltaire, François Marie Arouet: Zélide reads, 136–7; and Hermenches, 139; Contes Philosophiques, 151; Letters on the English Nation, 25
Wallace, Alfred Russel, 31, 214, 303
Wallace, William, 204
Walpole, Horace, 182
Walpurgisnacht, 9
Walter Scott Publishing Company (London and Boston), 192
Ward, Aileen, 227
Waterhouse, John William: La Belle Dame Sans Merci (painting), 225
Waterton, Charles, 30
Watt, James, 28
Wedgwood family, 183
Weekes, Horatio, 248
Weingarten, Renée, 161, 167
Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of, 276
Wernicke’s aphasia, 91
West, Shearer: Portraiture, 264
Westall, Richard, 269
Westfall, Richard: Never at Rest (The Life of Isaac Newton), 58
Westminster Review, 256
Wharton, Edith, 145, 147, 150–1
Whewell, William, 199, 201–2, 207, 211–12, 214
White, Newman Ivey: life of Shelley, 59
Whitman, Walt, 336–7
Wilberforce, William, 276
Williams, Edward, 250–3
Williams, Helen Maria, 183
Williams, Jane: and Shelley’s death, 247, 252; Shelley addresses verses to, 253
Wilson, Frances, 47
Wilson, Mona, 309
Wolff, Herman St John, 273
Wolff, Isabella, 272–3, 275
Wollstonecraft, Elizabeth (Mary’s sister), 177
Wollstonecraft, Everina (Mary’s sister), 173, 177
Wollstonecraft, Mary (later Godwin): Godwin’s life of, 52, 55, 62–4, 171, 175–82, 186–91; biographies of, 57; and Scott’s biography of Zélide, 149; suicide attempts, 158, 176, 189; shocks by asking ‘men’s questions’, 159; reputation and influence, 171–2, 182–5, 190, 192, 195; death in childbirth, 172–3, 190; illegitimate child by Imlay, 175–6, 188; religious beliefs, 187; inspires romantic novels and writings, 192–4; Mary Shelley on, 195–6; Elements of Morality for the Use of Children (trans. from German), 172; Historical and Moral View, 172; Letters to Imlay (unpublished), 178–9, 181; Letters Written from Scandinavia, 164, 172; Maria, or The Wrongs of Women (unfinished), 174–5; Posthumous Works (ed. Godwin), 175, 178, 195; The Rights of Man, 172; Thoughts on the Education of Daughters, 172; Vindication of the Rights of Women, 172, 174, 186, 188, 190, 193
Woman Reading William Blake (collection), 310
women: and science, 16, 23, 38, 114–16; biographies of, 57; excluded from membership of scientific societies, 114; education, 194
Wood, Anthony à, 48
Woolf, Virginia: and biography, 66–7; on Margaret Cavendish, 132; affair with Vita Sackville-West, 151; essay on Mary Wollstonecraft, 192; Flush, 60; Orlando, 56, 59, 67
Wordsworth, Dorothy: relations with Coleridge, 8, 13; Coleridge describes, 291
Wordsworth, Mary (née Hutchinson), 13
Wordsworth, William: relations with Coleridge, 8–9, 11, 13; and Humphry Davy, 21; and science, 23, 26; criticises biography, 52; quarrel with Coleridge, 103; reads Blake in manuscript, 310; Anne Gilchrist plans life of, 338; ‘Daffodils’, 299; Lyrical Ballads (with Coleridge), 290; The Prelude, 26
Wren, Sir Christopher, 114
Wroe, Ann: Pilate, 60
Wulf, Andrea: The Invention of Nature, 31
Wylie, Georgiana (George Keats’s wife), 228–30
Yale Center for British Art, New Haven: Lawrence exhibition, 264–5
Yeats, William Butler, 309
Young, Edward: Night Thoughts, 311
Zélide see Tuyll, Isabelle de