All index entries shown here correspond to the page numbers within the printed edition only. Within this digital format these page numbers allow for cross referencing only.
Adorno, Theodor 158
Aesop’s fables 42
aesthetic style 5
animals; see also Snow White; Cinderella
animal toys 27–8
communication between 152
as helpers of human characters 8, 31, 35, 38
and natural environment 163, 164–5, 166
and young viewers 119
animation
animators 3
accurate portrayal of jungle 122–3
use of colour in nature 88, 106
of artefacts 157–8
fairy tales and nature 163–4
in Finding Nemo 129–30
and humans 166
interface between human, animal and machine 53–4
key phases in 13–14
modes of configuring the world 166
and past 166
significant developments 162
viability of 7
Annie Hall 44
Apple Mac computers 155
Arcadia 61
Arcadia (literature) 9–10
Aristocats 79
Attenborough, David 165
awareness of environment shaped by art 2
Bachelard, Gaston 107–8, 133, 145–6
Ball, Doug 123
Balsamo, Anne 53
Bambi 1, 3–4, 16, 61–77, 79, 80, 106, 141
and anti-war policies 74
apocalyptic ending 136
association with animal protection 4–5
audience and environmental issues 73–4
and concept of nest 108
and conservation 61–77
contrast with WALL•E 141–2
Eden myth 61–3
and hunting lobby 73–4
man disturbing natural harmony 64, 141
natural world depicted in 112, 142, 162
at odds with wartime sensibilities 4
pastoral genre in see pastoral
significance of fire 72–3
significance of mother’s death 76–7
story line 61
use of multi-plane cameras 6
variety of animal species in 24–5
and wild nature 61
and Yosemite National Park 65–8
bananas, significance of 110–12
‘Bare Necessities’ 108–9
Barney, Richard 104–5
Barrell, John 10
Barrier, Michael 5
Baudrillard, J. 89
Beatrix Potter, compared to Disney 35
Beauty and the Beast 14, 41, 47; see also characters, the Beast; characters, Belle
contrasted with Snow White 44
Fascist imagery 45
image of bygone age 56
image of rural life 44–5
love parable 48–50
move away from idealized American location 45
technological background in 54
Beaver Valley 34
Beecher, Catherine 30
La Belle et la bête 48
Benjamin, Walter 53–4
Berardinelli, J. 135
Berger, John 126
Blake, William 158
The Blue Planet 129
Bonnett, Michael vii, 2
Bourdieu, Pierre 153
Braudy, Leo 93, 118, 127, 129, 134
Brer Rabbit stories 7
Brockmeier, J. 64
Brooks, Albert 130
Brother Bear 1, 15, 94–5, 119, 163, 166
Buell, Lawrence 10–11
Bull, John 10
Burroughs, Edgar Rice 104, 120, 125
racist image of Black Africans 125
Burt, Jonathan 79
Call of the Wild 80
cameras, multi-plane 6
characters
Ariel
challenging authority figure 40–41
desire for human world 43
marriage to Prince Eric 42
as modern heroine 40
sense of rootlessness 40–41
Aurora 36–8
Bagheera 16, 101, 105, 107, 113–15
Baloo 16, 100, 104–5, 107–10, 113–15
Bambi
growing up 61
vulnerability of 68
character of 48
contrasting civilized and wild aspects of character 51–2
as organic cyborg 54
preferred by children to human 52
seen as phallic symbol 50
symbolizing lost innocence 50
sympathy from Belle 49–51
character of 45–7
indifference to animals 48
sympathy to Beast 49–51
Cinderella
affiliations with nature 34
idealized figure of 35, 39, 57
Cogsworth 54–5
Colonel Hathi 104
Cruella De Vil 1
Donald Duck 7
EVE 142–3, 150, 152, 154, 156–7
Flic 150
Gaston 45
character of 47–8
good fairies (Fauna, Flora, Merryweather) 36–7
Hal 149–52
Jiminy Cricket 149
Kenai 94
King Triton 40–41
Louis (Little Mermaid) 41
Lumière 55
Maurice (Belle’s father) 54
Meeko 150
Mrs Potts 55
Mr Ray 131–2
Baloo and Bagheera as father figures 115
dependence on larger creatures 103
desire to imitate animals 104
facility for mimicry 121
theme of survival 101–2
vulnerability 107
Mumble 165
Nemo 130
Pocahontas 15, 45, 82–95, 150, 163
Prince Eric 41–2
Queen Maleficent (Sleeping Beauty) 36
the Queen (Snow White) 8
compared to Ursula 43
contrasted with Snow White 21
in witch role 20
Rapunzel 163
Scar 128
servant/utensils (Beauty and the Beast) 52–3
Seven Dwarfs 12, 22, 26, 28–9, 32, 51
Grumpy 32
seen as children by Snow White 31
Shere Khan 102
as melodramatic villain 121
Snow White
contrasted with Queen 21
development of 20
journey of self discovery 12
nature subsumed by Queen 21
relationship with animals 26–7, 31
as role model 32
facility for mimicry 121
relationship with Jane 121–2, 125–6
WALL•E 142–57
Chicken Little 164
Chinese version of story 34
compared to Beatrix Potter 35
compared to Grimm story 35–6
compared to Sleeping Beauty 36
compared to Snow White 35
homemaker stereotype 40
and period values 34
release of 34
and wild nature 34
Clare, John 10
cleanliness, significance in Snow White 28–32, 51
Clements, Ron 163
Cocteau, Jean 48
Cold War social values 33–4, 39
Collins, Lindsey 143
Collins, Phil 127
colours used to depict nature 88, 106
comic sideshows to main themes 86
communication see WALL•E
conservation 65
consumerism 141, 143, 145–6, 152–3, 157
The Country and the City 9
Crocodile Dundee 163
Cubitt, Sean 151
cyborgs 53–4
de Beaumont, Jeanne-Marie Leprince 46
DeGeneres, Ellen 130
The Deserted Village 9
and Darwinian theory see Darwinian theory
Disney Corporation 2; see also Eisner, Michael
dominance in animated features 5
films after 1990 119
golden years 33
legal copyright issues 126
response to public perceptions 80
size of 113
values 142
Disney, theme parks 123–4
Disney, Walt
as head of company 13
self image of 13
domestic role of heroines 56–7
domestic settings for films 79
Douglas, Mary 28–30
Durham, Jimmy 147–8
Eagleton, Terry 32
Ebert, R. 135
ecological imbalance 128
Edelstein, David 129
Eden myth 61, 62, 63; see also Bambi
Egglestone, Ralph 143
Eisenstein on Disney 1
changes to Disney Corporation 118
and Environmental Media Association 13, 80
films produced during Eisner era 14–15, 117
Eliade, Mircea 21–2
Eliot, M. 13
engagement through sentiment 2–4
environment; see also nature
politics of 161
rise in concern for 79–80
Environmental Media Association see Eisner, Michael
fairy tales
adaptations 14
and morals 46
and nature 163
pastoral genre in see pastoral themes
Pastoral Symphony 88
feelings of audience 2
Feinberg, Daniel 143
female
aspirational heroines 41
attractiveness of characters 45
evil nature of 24
homemaker stereotype 32, 40, 56–7
Finding Nemo 1, 15–16, 119, 149, 162, 165
animal behaviour in 132–3
appeal linked to water sports 135
human effects on ocean ecology 135–6
image of sadistic child 135
images of natural world 136
integration of accuracy and fantasy 133
as morality tale 129
ocean as source of wonder 137
Pixar animation in 106
quality of animation 129–30
relationship with environment 162
story line 130
theme of knowledge 130–31
wild ocean and aquarium parallels 134
forest fires 70–73
Freebay 145
Freeganism 145
French, Philip 130
Freud, Sigmund 19
Fritzke, Sue 71
frontier, concept of 89–90, 92
Galbraith, J.K. 113
Garrard, Greg. 136
gender stereotypes 32, 40, 56–7, 154
Gifford, T. 9
Golden Age 61
Gonzalez, Jennifer 54–6
Gorillas in the Mist 125
Graves, Robert 158
Grimell, Joseph 67–8
Grimm, brothers Jacob and Wilhelm 19, 21, 23, 28, 34–5
Hamlet 129
Hansen, Miriam 53
Happy Feet 165–6
Harré, R. 64
Harris, Daniel 153
Heaney, Seamus 10
Hello, Dolly 155–6
Henry IV 129
Herrick, Robert 46
historical contexts 4–5
Holland, Bert 144
Holland, Daniel 144
home, as key issue in films 8
Home on the Range 164
Horkheimer, Max 158
Hoy, S. 30
Hughes, Ted 10
human identity, in Tarzan and Jungle Book 120–21
101 Dalmations 79
Hunter, Jeffrey 130
identity see human identity
immersion, significance of in Snow White 21–2
Indians see North American Indian
Ingold, Tim 127
insects see animals
Ivakhiv, Adrian 152
Jacoby, Karl 69–71
Jacques, Zoe 155
Jameson, Fredric 165
Jaws 130
Jobs, Steve 155
The Jungle Book 1, 15–16, 40, 64, 67, 79, 162, 166
bananas 110–12
central survival theme 101–2
colours of Gauguin in 106
and concept of nest 108
and Darwinian theory see Darwinian theory
Disney’s treatment of Kipling’s story 99–100
protection of young 107
relationship with environment 162
relationships between characters 105, 108
theme of home 105–7
unrealistic animal characters in 100
Keane, Glen 88
Keaton, Buster 151
Kirikou 163
Klocek, Noah 144
Knowledge of Angels 103
Krech, Shepard, III 85
Ktaadn 12
Kuenz, Jane 52
Lady and the Tramp 79
language
absence of 151–2
repositioning 152
Lasky, Jeremy 144
Lawrence, D.H. 131–2
L’Horlogère 55
The Lion King 1, 15–16, 64, 67, 80–81, 119, 128
parallels with Elizabethan drama 128–9
realism 130
The Little Mermaid 14, 39–57, 129, 149, 163, 166
introduction of modern heroine 40
The Living Desert 79
London, Jack 80
Louv, Richard 167
Maclean, Sorley 10
Madagascar 164–5
Means, Russell 83
Milton, Kay 76
Mühlhäuser, P. 64
multi-plane cameras 6
Murphy, Patrick 5, 24, 42, 100
Musker, John 163
National Parks 70–72
Native Americans see North American Indian
nature; see also Pocahontas; Spirit; WALL•E
American preoccupation with 118
colours used to portray 88, 106
genre of nature 118
images portrayed in Snow White 20
perceptions of 162
repressed values of 134
sympathetic 19–20
in Tarzan 124
wild nature 1, 24, 33–4, 36, 40, 49, 61, 64, 80–81, 134, 136, 164
‘nature-deficit disorder’ 167
nest
concept of 107–8
in Bambi 108
in Jungle Book 108
North America
frontier, concept of 90
wilderness see wilderness
North American Indians
and buffalo 90–91
contrasted with white settlers 89
distortion in films 84–6
Ocelot, Michel 163
Over the Hedge 164
pastoral
American 10–11
association with wilderness 11–12
genre in animated films 8–10
in heroine’s existence 57
mode 9
seen by Georgian poets 9–10
seen by twentieth-century poets 10
seventeenth century 36
The Penguin Book of English Pastoral Verse 10
place, iconography of 143
Plumwood, Val 151
best film on American Indians 83
conflict between cultures 82
criticized for sentimentality 83–4
distorted view of nature 87
ideologies in 84
physical image of Pocahontas 88–9
story line 81–3
treatment of animals in 87
Pom Poko 164
Pound, Ezra 10
predatory instincts 67
The Princess and the Frog 162–3
Princess Mononoke 108
product placement 155
Pyne, Stephen 70
Raby, P. 125
Ratatouille 164
realism 5–7
The Reef 165
robots 142–57
Roe, Frank 92
Romanticism 153
Roszak, Theodore 114–15
Rousseau, Le Douanier 16, 101, 106, 123
Rudnick, Paul 88
Runte, A. 66
St Pierre, Dan 123
Scanlon, J. 31
Schullery, Paul 75
science-fiction see WALL•E
Seal Island 33
The Searchers 130
The Secret Garden 101
Sells, L. 43
sentiment in animations 3–4
Shakespeare, William 166
Shark Tale 165
The Shining 130
Sidney, Sir Philip 9–10
homemaker stereotype 40
Slotkin, Richard 90
Snow White
compared with Cinderella 35
and fairy tale adaptation 19–38
homemaker stereotype 40
key elements 12
key values 20
Seven Dwarfs, representation of 12
variety of animal species in 24–5
views of nature 1, 23, 161, 162
Snow-drop 19
Snyder, Gary 67
Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron 15, 89–93
Stanton, Andrew 129–30, 134, 141, 147, 149
Star Wars series 152
stereotypes see gender stereotypes
Strong, Pauline Taylor 83–4, 88
survival, as central theme in Jungle Book 101–2
swampland, significance of in Snow White 22
The Sword in the Stone 129
Symmons Roberts, Michael 145, 146
Tarzan 15–16, 64, 80, 119, 121–37
background realism 123
Darwinian theory see Darwinian theory
image of scientists 125
nature-orientated primitive 127
nature theme 124
representations of animals 125–6
story line 120
Taylor, D. 64
technological background in films 54
The Tempest 166
Tess of the d’Urbervilles 9
Tilton, R. 82
Toy Story 135
toys, animal 27–8
The Trespasser 131–2
tropical settings 15–16, 64, 99–115, 119
True-Life Adventures 33–4
A Turtle’s Tale 165
underwater environment 40, 134
in fiction 129
Up 166
Vallone, Lynne 30
Viyakovic, Peter 102
WALL•E 141–60
communication 151–3
and consumerism 141, 143, 145–6, 153, 157
contrast with Bambi 141–2
and environmentalist agenda 141, 162, 164–5
and science fiction 142
WALL•E see characters, WALL•E
Walsh, Jill Paton 103
Ward, Annalee 128
Warner, Marina 23, 27–8, 34, 39, 42, 47, 50
Wasko, Janet 113
waste see WALL•E
Watts, Steven 33–4
Wayne, John 130
Weber, Max 155
‘Whistle While You Work’ 25
The Wild 164–5
Wild Fang 80
wild nature see nature
wilderness; see also Pocahontas; Spirit
and pastoral 11–12
Women in Love 132
Woolverton, Linda 52
Yosemite National Park see Bambi