APPENDIX THREE

Privately owned intelligence units

There are quite a few, of all shapes and sizes. Most of them are émigré formations like the Ukrainian Socialist Party which is an anti-Communist Russian group based in Munich. There also is the Natsionalno Trudovi Soyuz (NTS) or National Labour Alliance which has been going since the early thirties. It has Whites and all sorts of Soviet Army deserters mixed up with ex-Vlassov men (a Nazi puppet army). It is especially interested in putting men into the USSR to spread propaganda because it feels that the USSR is on the verge of revolt. It is said to have links with the Gehlen Bureau and the CIA. NTS men were parachuted into Soviet territory in April 1953, but their trial didn’t come until much later because Soviet Intelligence didn’t want to endanger a man named Georg Müller who had penetrated the NTS in 1948. The trial said the men were trained at Starnberg school in shooting, radio, forging, sabotage and parachuting. They publish newsheets: Za Rossiou (For Russia) and Nashy Dni (Our Days). NTS also controls International Research on Communist Techniques.

The most famous private organization is the Crusade for Freedom headed by Eugene Holman (Standard Oil Esso, New Jersey) which ran Radio Free Europe and Radio Free Europe Press. The RFE has twenty-eight transmitters and employs well over one thousand persons. Some people think that RFE was too provocative in its broadcasts to Hungary during the revolt.

Another organization is the International Service of Information Foundation Inc. which is run by Air Force Reserve Colonel Amoss on a grant from a millionaire businessman. Information Bureau West is a private news agency which concentrates upon building a minutely detailed picture of the DDR (East Germany) from press, radio, visitors and Government sources.

The radical right gets quite a lot of support from business; one insurance company alone has distributed thirty million anti-Communist pamphlets. Savings banks and oil companies are especially generous, and large companies have bought TV time for anti-Communist rallies.