1. Citations in this paragraph are from S. G. E. Lythe, The Economy of Scotland in Its European Setting, 1550–1625 (Edinburgh, 1960), pp. 24–5.
2. Ibid., pp. 3–4.
3. Cited in Peter Aitchison and Andrew Cassell, The Lowland Clearances (East Linton, 2003), p. 18.
4. Cited in A. J. S. Gibson and T. C. Smout, Prices, Food and Wages in Scotland 1550–1760 (Cambridge, 1995), p. 231.
5. Sir Robert Sibbald, Provision for the Poor in Time of Dearth and Scarcity (Edinburgh, 1699), pp. 2–3.
6. Ian Whyte, Agriculture and Society in Seventeenth-Century Scotland (Edinburgh, 1979), p. 168.
7. NRA(S) 879, Douglas-Home Papers, 55/3, Sir Robert Pollock to the Duke of Douglas anent his Grace’s estate in Dundee, 7 December 1759.
8. Malcolm Gray, ‘The Social Impact of Agrarian Change in the Rural Lowlands’, in T. M. Devine and R. Mitchison, eds., People and Society in Scotland, vol. I: 1760–1830 (Edinburgh, 1988), p. 54.