This chapter incorporates material from Chapter 8 of T. M. Devine, The Transformation of Rural Scotland (Edinburgh, 1999 edn).
1. J. Naismith, General View of the Agriculture of the County of Clydesdale (Edinburgh, 1794), pp. 52–4.
2. OSA (Fife), p. 471.
3. Ibid. (Angus), p. 532.
4. Ibid. (Ayrshire), parish of Colmonell.
5. Ibid., parish of Kilwinning.
6. OSA (Aberdeenshire), passim.
7. NRS, Sheriff Court Processes (Hamilton), SC37/8/18, Lybell of Removing by J. Crawford (1779); SC37/8/20, Lybell of Removing by M. Baillie (1783).
8. NRS, Dalhousie Muniments, GD45/18/2268, Memorandum on Edzell Estate (1767).
9. OSA (Ayrshire), parish of Colmonell.
10. NRS, CH2/376/3, Kirk Session of Wiston, 7 June 1752.
11. NRS, HR581/4, Heritors’ Meetings, Douglas parish, November 1764.
12. OSA (Lanarkshire), p. 143.
13. J. Naismith, General View of Lanarkshire, pp. 52–4. (Clydesdale?)
14. OSA (Fife), p. 372.
15. Ibid. (Ayrshire), parish of Sorn.
16. Ibid. (Lanarkshire), pp. 583–6.
17. C. A. Whatley, ‘How Tame were the Scottish Lowlanders?’, in T. M. Devine, ed., Conflict and Stability in Scottish Society, 1700–1850 (Edinburgh, 1990), p. 21.
18. Ibid., pp. 21–2; C. G. Brown, ‘Protest in the Pews’, in Devine, Conflict and Stability, pp. 83–105, and C. G. Brown, The Social History of Religion in Scotland since 1700 (London, 1987), p. 104.
19. Whatley, ‘How Tame were the Scottish Lowlanders?’, p. 21.
20. NRS, Sheriff Court Processes (Cupar), SC20/5/29.
21. Ibid. (Dunblane), SC44/22/33.
22. A recent major study of Scottish Criminality, Anne-Marie Kilday, Crime in Scotland, 1660–1960 (London, 2018), comes to a similar conclusion.