Love Knowledge

1. Plato, The Dialogues of Plato, trans. R. E. Allen (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984), vol. 1, Stephanos 17a–18a. Hereafter, all quotes use the Stephanos system of pagination found in most modern editions of Plato.

2. Gregory Vlastos, Socratic Studies (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), p. 4.

3. For a detailed account, see Jonathan Lear’s Open Minded (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998), p. 162.

4. Sigmund Freud, “Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality,” in James Strachey, ed., Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud (London: Hogarth, 1953) 7:134. Hereafter SE followed by volume and page number.

5. Otto Apelt, Platonische Aufsätze (Leipzig: Teubner, 1912), pp. 96–108.

6. Søren Kierkegaard, The Concept of Irony, ed. and trans. H. V. Hong and E. H. Hong (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989), p. 214.

1. Pierre Hadot, Philosophy as a Way of Life (Oxford: Blackwell, 1995), p. 158.

2. Sigmund Freud, “Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego,” SE 18:91.

3. Sigmund Freud, “Resistance to Psychoanalysis,” SE 19:218.

4. Plato, Symposium, trans. A. Nehamas and P. Woodruff (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1989), Steph. 191D.

5. Jacques Lacan, The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis, ed. Jacques-Alain Miller, trans. Alan Sheridan (New York: Norton, 1981), p. 235.

6. Jonathan Lear, Open Minded (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1998), p. 150.

7. See Nehamas’s introduction to the Symposium, p. xxv.

1. Benedict Spinoza, Ethics, trans. E. Curley (London: Penguin, 1996), V, P67. I follow the traditional reference system for the Ethics—beginning with the part in Roman letters, D for definitions or P for propositions followed by their number, and C or S for the corollary or the scholium.

2. Stuart Hampshire, Spinoza and Spinozism (Oxford: Clarendon, 2005), p. vii.

3. Gilles Deleuze, “Spinoza and Us,” in Spinoza: Practical Philosophy (San Francisco: City Lights, 1988), p. 122.

4. In a famous letter to Max Born, a leading proponent of an indeterminist interpretation of quantum theory, Einstein wrote, “you believe in a God who plays dice, and I in complete law and order in a world which objectively exists”; The Born-Einstein Letters, 1916–1955: Friendship, Politics and Physics in Uncertain Times, trans. Irene Born (New York: Walker, 1971), December 4, 1926. Interestingly, Einstein also confessed his belief in Spinoza’s utterly rational and necessary God: “I believe in Spinoza’s God, Who reveals Himself in the lawful harmony of the world, not in a God Who concerns Himself with the fate and the doings of mankind”; P. A. Schilpp, ed., Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist (Chicago: Open Court, 1970), pp. 659–660.

1. Jean Jacques Rousseau, Reveries of the Solitary Walker, trans. Peter France (New York, Penguin, 1979), p. 27; hereafter Reveries, followed by the page number.

2. Quoted in Maurice Cranston, The Solitary Self (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997), p. 5.

3. See, for example, Eli Friedlander, J. J. Rousseau: An Afterlife of Words (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004), p. 11; hereafter An Afterlife of Words.

4. René Descartes, Meditations on First Philosophy, ed. John Cottingham (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), Second Meditation, 25; hereafter, Second Meditation.

5. Ludwig Wittgenstein, Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, trans. D. F. Pears and B. F. McGuinness (New York: Routledge, 1992), 6.4311.

6. Rainer Maria Rilke, Rilke on Love and Other Difficulties, trans. John J. L. Mood (New York: Norton, 1975), pp. 27–28.

1. Friedrich Nietzsche, On the Genealogy of Morals, trans. Walter Kaufmann (New York: Vintage, 1989), preface, §1. Hereafter all quotes are followed by part and section number.

2. See Walter Kaufmann’s introduction to On the Genealogy of Morals in the Basic Writings of Nietzsche (New York: Modern Library, 2000), p. 447.

3. Alexander Nehamas, Life as Literature (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1995), pp. 1–4.

4. Friedrich Nietzsche, Will to Power, ed. and trans. Walter Kaufmann (New York: Vintage, 1968), § 452.

5. Michel Foucault, “Nietzsche, Genealogy, History,” in Language, Counter-Memory, Practice, ed. Donald F. Bouchard, trans. Donald F. Bouchard, Sherry Simon (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1977), p. 142.

1. Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish, trans. Alan M. Sheridan-Smith (New York: Vintage, 1995), p. 198.

2. Michel Foucault, The Birth of the Clinic, trans. Alan M. Sheridan-Smith (New York: Vintage, 1994), p. 174.

3. Gilles Deleuze, Foucault, ed. and trans. Seán Hand (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1986), p. 95.

4. Michel Foucault, “The Minimalist Self,” in Lawrence D. Kritzman, ed., Politics, Philosophy, Culture (New York: Routledge, 1988), p. 12.

5. Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality, vol. 2: The Use of Pleasure, trans. Robert Hurley (New York: Vintage, 1990), pp. 8–9; hereafter UP.

1. Derrida, directed by Kirby Dick and Amy Ziering Kofman (Jan Doe Films, 2002).

2. Jacques Derrida, Memories for Paul de Man (New York: Columbia University Press, 1986).

3. Jacques Derrida, Psyche: Invention of the Other, ed. Peggy Kamuf and Elizabeth G. Rottenberg (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2007); hereafter IO.