Index

Abella, Irving 451

Aberhart, William 18, 329, 410

Acorn, Milton 34

L’Action française 337

L’Action nationale 337

Académie française 469

Acadians 31

Afterlife of George Cartwright, The (Steffler), 428

Aguéli, Ivan 199

Alberta 121, 238, 244, 257, 265, 345

American annexation 85, 137, 138, 305, 307, 310

American colonialists, demands by 267, 268

American Exceptionalism (Lipset) 224

American ideal 123

American left 180

American ownership 158

American painting, images in 202; controlled atmosphere in 203

American revolution 92, 267, 268

Americaphilia 306

Anciens Canadiens, Les (de Gaspé) 20, 69, 429

Andre, Harvie 492

Angenot, Marc 254

animism 39, 100, 107, 18596, 199, 205, 207

anti-Americanism 159

anti-tax movements (California) 256

Arcand, Denys 61

Arctic 82, 83, 157

Arctic Council 97, 156

Asbestos Strike 114, 316

Athlone, Countess of 41112

Atwood, Margaret 34, 52, 74, 139, 417, 445

Australia 55, 127

Automatistes, Les 205

Bach, J.S. 200

Bagot, Sir Charles 366, 367

Baldwin, Dr. J. 112, 328, 472, 497

Baldwin, Robert 12, 6466, 76, 84, 85, 98, 109, 111, 112, 114, 115, 124, 134, 137, 168, 181, 183, 233, 252, 279, 328, 329, 334, 335, 340, 341, 347, 349, 354, 365, 367, 368, 382, 447, 472, 297, 500, 505, 506

Balkans 62, 287

Baltic league, attempts to reconstruct 276

Barbeau, Marius 39, 40, 197, 220, 221

Barcelona 274

Barman, Jean 37

baseball 152, 480

Basque terrorist movement (ETA) 280

Basques 267, 280

Bear (Engel) 193

Bégin, Monique 316, 49697

Belgians 267, 277 Belgium 277, 279, 280

Bergh, Richard 199

Berlusconi, Silvio 49

Bethune, Norman 360

Bilingualism and Biculturalism Commission 121

Bingham, George 203

Bismarck, Otto von 129

Bissonnette, Lise 73

Blackwater (Ekman) 194

Blair, Tony 275

Blake, Edward 147, 349, 472, 483

Blake, William 48384

Blaser, Robin 431

Bob Edwards Award 73

Bonaparte, Napoléon I 209, 253

Bombardier 52

Borden, Robert 66, 88, 352, 353, 355, 382, 386

Borduas, Paul-Émile 14, 198, 200, 205, 207, 316

Bouchard, Lucien 11, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 57, 144, 232, 234, 235, 237, 239, 251, 25960, 261, 262, 265, 279, 280, 28486, 294, 296, 309, 318, 319, 326, 338, 392, 394, 410, 456

Bouchard, Paul 312, 313

Bouchard, T.D. 303

Boudin, Eugène 203, 204

Bourassa, Henri 67, 83, 218, 219, 234, 310

Bourassa, Robert 394, 404

Bourget, Bishop (Monsignor) 33, 34, 68, 84, 305, 308, 313, 375, 504

Bowering, George 188, 427, 430

Brant, Joseph 92, 98, 105, 106

Brant, Molly 105

Brassard, Jacques 296

Brault, Jacques 142

Britain 8, 15, 53, 59, 269, 368, 371, 372

British Columbia 31, 35, 37, 38, 41, 121, 158, 183, 244, 265, 283

British North American (BNA) Act 97

Brown, Eric 39

Bruchard, Joseph 312

Bruchési, Mgr. 309

Brulé, Étienne 165

Brunet, Michel 19, 20, 23, 110, 302, 310, 314, 445, 453

Buies, Arthur 33, 139

Bush, Jack 205

Business Council on National Issues (BCNI) 157, 481, 482, 504

Butala, Sharon 195

Cameron, George Frederick 144

Canada, a nuanced society 323, 327; break-up of 249, 26567, 282, 285, 286, 292, 294; creation myth 45; violent outbreaks in 276

Canadian art, similarities to Scandinavian and Russian 199201

Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) 414, 421; French-language 163

Canadian education, weakness in politics and history 24245

Canadian experiment, the 123, 125, 348, 505

Canadian, geography, effect of 69, 71, 121, 132, 160, 283

Canadian missionaries in China 168

Canadian Nordicity (Hamelin) 190

Canadian painters, fear of prettiness 204

Canadian painting, as animist object 207 Canadian sensibility, the uncontrolled 204

Canadian society, complexity of 222

Canadian war images 142

Canadiens 104, 106, 107

capitalism 475, 476

Cardinal, Douglas 40

Caron, René-Édouard 335

Carr, Emily 39, 40, 135, 142, 202, 205

Carrall, Dr. Robert 39

Cartier, Georges-Étienne 26, 38, 76, 123, 124, 134, 173, 183, 233, 234, 306, 336, 339, 341, 343

Cartier, Jacques (explorer) 233

Cascadia movement 38

Casgrain, Thérèse 303

Catalans 27374, 282

Catalonia 267, 27274

Cézanne, Paul 200

Chanlat, Alain 219

Charest, Jean 11, 233, 296

Charlottetown Conference 177, 263

Château Clique 20, 24, 38, 67, 334, 370, 443, 500

Chauveau, Pierre-Joseph-Olivier 134, 305307, 374

Chechnia 281

Chicoutimi 42, 74

Children’s Crusade (1212) 402

Chirac, Jacques 288

Chouinard, Marie 73

Chrétien, Jean 67, 144, 183, 213, 232, 233, 237, 262, 293

city-states, Canadian cities as 41

Clark, Greg 360

Clarke, George Elliott 12930, 430

Claxton, Brooke 67, 180, 471

Cohen, Leonard 58, 246

Cohen, Matt 150

colonial mind-set 21, 22, 362, 464

Confederation 38, 85, 123, 263, 295, 330, 335, 340, 496

conscription (1942), effect on voters 263

constitutional obsession 213, 214, 326

constitutions 174, 266, 289, 326

Cooper, William 24, 25

Copps, Sheila 47

corporatism 113, 124, 280, 301, 315, 479, 487, 502

Corsica 267, 281, 280, 283

coups d’état 13, 25, 244, 378

Crawford, Isabella Valancy 58, 194

Creighton, Donald 28, 86, 109, 143, 160, 357, 371

Crémazie, Octave 427

culture 7476, 121, 262, 263, 299, 304, 409415, 41824

Curnoe, Greg 203, 205, 207

cut-backs 137, 483, 486; to education and Medicare 184

Cuvillier, Austin 112, 334

Czechoslovakia 269

Czech Republic 271, 272

Czechs 270, 272

Dafoe, J.W. 218, 329

Danes 276

Dante Alighieri 208

Davies, Roberston 52, 60, 141, 193, 416, 427

d’Aquino, Thomas, 482, 483, 484

de Boucherville, Charles Boucher 305

de Champlain, Samuel 160, 165, 166, 233

de Cosmos, Amor 38

de Decker, Jacques 278

de Gaspé, Philippe Aubert 20, 69 de Gaulle, Charles 37579

de Kooning, Willem 203

de Varennes, Pierre Gaultier 44

death penalty (U.S.) 162

decentralization 278, 283, 314, 500, 501, 507

Déclaration de souveraineté (Quebec) 241, 267

Declaration of Independence (American) 267

Declaration of July 31 (1837) 63

democracy 255, 348, 361, 391, 406, 447, 460, 461, 468, 469, 472, 484, 487, 489, 494, 498; direct 253, 256; representative 247, 253, 257, 258; sign of a healthy 250

DesRochers, Alfred 147, 151

Derriennic, Jean-Pierre 31, 437

Dewing, Thomas 202

Dialogue in Translation (Hébert, Scott) 73

Diefenbaker, John 329, 385

Disneyland 58, 79, 419

Dorion, Antoine-Aimé 123

Douglas, Tommy 330, 384, 393

Dragland, Stan 90, 98, 211

Dragon Island (Godbout) 55

Dubois, René-Daniel 53, 150, 326, 395, 416

Duceppe, Gilles 286

Dumont, Fernand 23, 84, 85, 86, 313, 340, 342, 381, 408

Dumont, Gabriel 45, 93, 94, 95, 139, 220

Duplessis, Maurice 181, 261, 262, 302, 305, 309, 311, 312, 31416

Durham, Lord 336, 36366, 381

“Duties of the Citizen” (Larchwood, Ont., 1913) 130

east–west trade 168, 169

École du meuble 316

education 134, 135, 151, 449, 482; public 136, 168, 244, 303, 306, 439, 474, 475

Edwards, Bob 218

egalitarianism 224

Ekman, Kerstin 194, 429

Elgin, Lord 366, 367, 369

élites 16, 17, 20, 35, 59, 80, 89, 90, 105, 112, 124, 133, 137, 149, 157, 159, 163, 164, 206, 209, 213, 22527, 233, 253, 266, 289, 291, 304, 306, 320, 325, 328, 355, 368, 381, 412, 435, 440, 441, 466, 467, 506

Élysée Palace 287

Empire Pact 125

empires 353, 369, 380

Engel, Marion 193

England 15, 22, 103, 28183

English massacres 274

Enlightenment ideal 103

environmental movement 99; Greenpeace 99;Polanyi, Dr. John 99;Strong, Maurice 99;Suzuki, Dr. David 99

environmentalism 185

Erickson, Arthur 40

Espmark, Kjell 10, 189, 424

Euripides 454

European Community 270, 273, 276

European immigrants in Canada, dependency on Natives 91

European modernism 201

European painters, northern 197200

Ewen, Paterson 200, 203, 207

false populism 257, 258, 261, 262, 323, 447, 456, 458, 459, 487

false populists 49, 258, 262, 300, 332, 462, 485, 496, 503

Family Compact 24, 38, 65, 85, 177, 334, 443, 451, 500

Farmers’ Manifesto 443

farmers’ reform movements 256

Favreau, Guy 316

Fawcett, Brian 58

fear 16, 17, 47, 151, 490, 504

federalism 346, 347

federalists 239, 292, 293, 449, 461

Fifth Business (Davies) 141, 193, 416, 429

Findley, Timothy 141

Fini, Gianfranco 49

Finland 276, 283

First World War, see World War One

Flemish people 277, 278

foreign ownership 158, 159

“Four Strong Winds” (Ian and Sylvia) 72

France 8, 15, 22, 30, 53, 59, 102, 207, 209, 269, 277, 281, 282, 303, 370, 374

Franco-Manitobans 58, 89

francophonie, la 73

Frank, Jacques 279

Fraser, Brad 61

Fraser Institute 493

Fréchette, Louis 71

Free Education Act 134

free trade 36, 136, 137; treaties 148, 149

Free Trade Agreement, Canada–U.S. (FTA) 87, 158, 273, 396, 398, 400, 404, 407. Also see North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

French language 168, 274, 282

French Revolution 33

French River 284

Friesen, Gerald 43, 44, 168

frontiers 101, 103, 115

Frulla, Lisa 262

Frye, Northrop 73, 220

Frying Pan Island 166

Gallen-Kallela, Akseli 198

Garneau, François-Xavier 5

Garneau, Hector de Saint-Denys 7, 139, 386

Gaullism 86, 87

Gault, Hamilton (Hammy) 352

Gauvreau, Claude 19394

George, David Lloyd 352

Georgian Bay (la mer Douce) 165, 284

Gérin-Lajoie, Paul 316

Germany 102, 277

Girard, François 61

globalization 9, 124, 138, 225, 227, 442, 476, 477, 504

Godbout, Abélard 302305, 31518, 339

Godbout, Jacques 14, 22, 55, 116, 152, 348, 419

Goldsmith, Oliver 146

Gordon, Walter 475

Gouin, Lomer 309, 310

Gould, Glenn 55, 82, 210, 416

Grand Coteau, Battle of 44

Grandfather Law (U.S.) 130

Grant, Cuthbert 45

Grant, George 86, 109, 133, 192, 220, 473

Gray, John 471

Greer, Allan 106, 328

Grégoire, Gilles 317 Gretzky, Wayne 152

Groulx, Abbé 19, 86, 89, 143, 189, 302, 310, 312, 313

Group of 7 (G7) 170

Group of Seven 86, 14243, 165, 204, 205207

Guerilla Beach (Ross) 141, 422

“Hadji Murat” (Tolstoy) 281

Hadrian, Emperor 266

Haida sculpture 40

Hamelin, Jean 33940

Hamelin, Louis-Edmond 190, 467

Hammershoi, Vilhelm 201

Harper, Elijah 21113

Harris, Lawren 40, 142, 198, 199, 200, 202, 205

Harris, Mike 11, 49, 51, 75, 96, 240, 248, 251, 258, 261, 279, 280, 332, 409, 448, 486, 487, 493, 504

Hautes Études commerciales 219

Havel, Vaclav 271, 272, 44546

Hébert, Anne 73, 18889, 221, 254, 365, 413, 427, 433

Helliwell, John 168

Heroes 4, 139, 140, 144, 187, 325, 343, 187, 352, 455, 456

Heroic 248, 253, 254, 260, 301, 302, 305, 306, 309, 313, 325, 327, 454

heroines, literary 429

Highway, Tomson 55, 416

Hinks, Francis 328

Hitler, Adolf 277

Hobbes, Thomas 103, 104

hockey 143, 144, 152, 47981

Homer, Winslow 202

Hopper, Edward 202, 204

Howe Institute, C.D. 493, 504

Howe, Joseph 24, 76, 123, 171, 172

Hughes, Col. Sam 438

Hungarians 270, 271

Huntington, Herbert 24

Hutchinson, Bruce 34

Ian and Sylvia 72

Icefields (Thomas Wharton) 56

Idea of the North, The (Gould, verbal

symphony) 210

immigrants 91, 127, 130, 153, 440, 458

immigration 134, 151

Indian alliances 161

individualism 155, 172, 224, 299, 505

Innis, Harold 34, 43, 116, 169, 173, 219, 253, 325, 485

l’Institut canadien 307, 308

Internet 324

Inuit 83, 97, 294, 508

Ionesco, Eugène 241

Irish 267, 280, 281

isolation 55, 56, 61, 78, 81, 466; versus solitude 62

Isuma 112, 508

Italy 58

James Bay deal 96

Jackson, A.Y. 142, 199, 204

Japanese Canadians 31, 114, 282, 346

Jenkins, Roy 370

Jenness, Diamond 191

Johnson, Al 330

Johnson, Daniel 11, 233, 262

Johnson, Sir William 105107

Joli-Coeur, André 176

Joyce, James 116

Jung, Carl G. 33 Jungian archetypes 207

Jungian movement 192

Kane, Paul 39

Kaplinski, Jaan 188

Kelly, John 90, 99

Kierans, Eric 444

Kilbourn, William 219

King, William Lyon Mackenzie 125, 142, 180, 263, 349, 350

King Leary (Quarrington) 193

Klein, A.M. 223, 255, 409, 423, 478

Klein, Ralph 157, 240, 257, 279, 280, 504

Kogawa, Joy 31, 188

Kostash, Myrna 419

Lacoursière Commission 244

La Grand Ordonnance (Louis IX) 209

Lac Saint-Jean 59, 329, 448, 449

Laferrière, Dany 415

LaFontaine, Louis-Hippolyte 12, 26, 65, 66, 76, 112, 114, 115, 124, 134, 234, 274, 279, 302, 306, 328, 329, 332, 334, 335, 33840, 343, 347, 505; address to electors of Terrebonne, 133, 306, 328, 334

LaFontaine–Baldwin handshake 130, 137, 175, 177, 182, 183

Lalonde, Michèle 470

Lamontagne, Maurice 316

Landry, Bernard 28, 35, 157, 261, 269, 318, 504

language 6973, 78, 84, 209, 247, 261, 416, 418, 42225, 431, 446, 456, 457, 462, 501, 503; as communication 251, 254, 255; mythology of a lost past 302; degrading of original meanings 252; translation 73; regulated 210

langue d’oc 209

langue d’oïl 209

Lapalme, Georges-Émile 75, 181, 262, 303, 316, 444, 455

Lapointe, Ernest 88, 234, 338, 343

Lapointe, Gatien 55, 185

Laurendeau, André 125

Laurier, Wilfred 26, 76, 87, 88, 125, 17880, 215, 233, 235, 237, 254, 274, 308, 310, 338, 339, 340, 348, 349, 372, 382, 403, 444,

457, 472, 495

le Calloc’h, Bernard 530

Lee Kuan Yew 284

Lemieux, Jean-Paul 199, 200

Lepage, Robert 52, 61

Lermontov, Mikhail 62, 153

Lesage, Jean 181, 304, 305, 31618

Lévesque, René 18, 279, 280, 302, 304, 305, 31618, 456

Lightfoot, Gordon 236, 427

Lindquist, Sven 423, 485

Lipchitz, Jacques 201

London, England 22, 267, 275, 369

Longchamps, Renaud 79

Los Angeles 256

Lougheed, Peter 89, 329

Lougheed, Senator James 89, 329

Luddites 23

Lukacs, Attila 41, 201

MacDonald, J.E.H. 199, 205, 208

Macdonald, John A. 76, 85, 86, 88, 123, 173, 178, 336, 338, 371

MacEwen, Gwendolyn 189

Mackenzie, Alexander 153

Mackenzie, William Lyon 12, 24, 62, 64, 66, 109, 328, 359, 505

MacLennan, Hugh 60, 69, 193

MacNab, Sir Allan 177, 504

Maeterlinck, Maurice-Polydore-Marie-Bernard 279

Magritte, René-François-Ghislain 279

Major, Kevin 141

Malaysia 284

Mandel, Eli 72

Manichee 298

manifest destiny 105, 109

Manitoba 89, 188, 282, 331, 338, 346, 413

Manitoba School Question 501

Manning, Preston 144, 248, 252, 286, 296, 387, 452

Maquiladora 399, 400

Marcotte, Gilles 417

Maritimes 25, 35, 82, 121, 285

Massey, Vincent 180

Matvejevitch, Predrag 287, 297

Marchand, Félix 302, 304, 309, 310, 316, 318, 339, 412

Marx, Karl 302

Maurras, Charles 337

Maurrasian nationalism 337, 338, 356, 363, 378, 380

McCarthy, D’Alton 33, 34, 68, 84, 223, 261, 330, 337, 338, 340, 451, 504

McClung, Nellie 11213, 142

McDougall, Colin 141

McGee, Thomas D’Arcy 76, 86, 496

McKay, Don 150, 193

McKenna, Frank 11, 489

McLuhan, Marshall 169, 173, 219

Meciar, Prime Minister of Slovakia 269, 270, 272

Medicare 497, 506

Meech Lake 21113

Meighen, Arthur 86, 384, 388, 469

Meilleur, Jean-Baptiste 134, 245, 306

memory 253, 263, 405, 499

mépris de soi 342, 381, 389

Mercier, Honoré 215, 223, 301, 302, 305, 30810, 313, 317, 318, 344,

Métis 8, 18, 31, 32, 41, 43, 44, 46, 8994, 114, 167, 197, 220, 282, 336

Métis Rebellion 220

Mexico 398, 399, 401

Michaud, Yves 44748

Milne, David 142, 203

Mintzberg, Henry 219

Miron, Gaston 150

“Mon Pays” (Vigneault) 72

Montgomery, L.M. 33

Montreal 8, 41, 59, 62, 68, 77, 16265, 296, 328, 377; Mount Royal, naming of 233

Montreal School 19, 23, 28, 86, 87, 189, 302, 313, 316, 344, 445

Morency, Pierre 55, 150, 193, 417, 427

Morrice, J.W. 77, 198, 199, 202, 204, 205, 207

Morton, Desmond 323

Morton, W.L. 18, 44, 45, 53, 68, 347, 386

mother countries 32, 108, 370, 410

Mounted Police 109, 391, 392

Mowat, Farley 141

Mowat, Oliver 301, 309, 344

Mulroney, Brian 47, 66, 67, 125, 183, 213, 310, 35759, 386, 387, 396

Mulroney/Gottlieb approach to relations with U.S. 495

multiculturalism 439

Multilateral Agreement of Investment (MAI) 459, 460

Munch, Edvard 198, 199, 202

Munk, Peter 52 Munro, Alice 52, 189, 255, 264, 416, 426

Murray, General James 374

Museum of Civilization 40, 150

Museum of Modern Art (New York) 39

My Father’s Son: Memories of War and Peace (Mowat) 141

Mystic North, The (Nasgaard) 198201

mystification 3, 6, 13, 26, 447, 464

mythology, deformed 6, 13, 26, 48, 54, 119, 231, 392, 447

Naipaul, V.S. 373, 467, 476

Nasgaard, Roald 198

narrative poetry 41516

narrow nationalists 129, 148, 268

National Assembly 267, 317

National Gallery 39

National Museum, Ottawa 39

National Policy 178

nationalism 5, 176, 225, 241, 271, 27375, 277, 298, 389, 411, 499; deformed 183

nationhood, road to 175

nation-states 8, 9, 13, 46, 56, 101, 103, 107, 108, 119, 153, 222, 223, 282, 283, 286, 287, 290, 445

Native culture, role of 90, 100

Native nations: Algonquin 91, 161; Cree 197; Exchemin 161; Huron 161, 166; Iroquois 91; Mohawk 92; Montagnais 91; Ojibwa 197; Sioux 44; Tsimshian 39

Native treaties 295

Natives 12, 39, 40, 43, 45, 46, 88, 89, 9499, 103105, 108, 127, 128, 197, 211, 223, 294

Nazi Germany 222

Near, Harry 492

Nelligan, Émile 77, 78

Nelson, Wolfred 64, 65, 109, 336

Nemni, Monique 243

neo-conservatives 49, 57, 157, 183, 260, 271, 496

New England 29, 35, 36

New France 302, 323; religious structures 106

Newfoundland 17, 83, 162

Niagara River 92

Nichol, bp 7, 117, 415, 450

No Man’s Land (Major) 141

nordicity 190, 210

Nordström, Karl 198, 199

Norquay, John 89, 92

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 87, 158, 239, 272, 372, 396, 399403, 407

north–south argument 156

“North West Passage” (Rogers) 72

northern alienation 465

northern countries, creative bonds with other 188

northern images in painting 199, 202; magic realism in 203;uncontrolled quality in 203

Norway, 277, 283

Nova Scotia 24, 122, 134

Nunavut, negotiations 97

Oblomov (Goncharov) 189

October Crisis, see War Measures Act

Official Languages Act 219, 458

O’Leary, Dostaler 31112

omnibus bill (Ontario) 258, 485

Ondaatje, Michael 52, 151, 207, 221, 415

Ontario 32, 35, 66, 82, 121, 125, 158, 194, 238, 244 Ontario language education law (1912) 114, 250, 254, 259

Ontario Securities Commission 489

oral tradition 219

Orange newspapers (Toronto) 217

Orange Order 32, 33, 108, 129, 328, 330, 332, 351, 445

originality 123, 125, 169; myth of 122

Osborne, Ken 242

other, the 6, 12, 13, 51, 61, 108, 131, 236, 298, 303, 447, 448, 450, 453

Ottawa 18, 46, 47, 67, 165, 212, 23841, 296, 303, 315, 351, 389, 394

Ottawa River 165, 284

Paasikivi, Juho 69

Pacific coast 167

Pacific Islands 198

Padlock Law 114, 282

Painchaud, Paul 157

Painters Eleven 205

Pakenham, Thomas 354

Paoli, Pascal 281

Papineau, Louis-Joseph 12, 24, 28, 6264, 66, 109, 124, 267, 305, 306, 313, 328, 359, 505

Paré, Jean 408, 462

Parent, Étienne 335

Paris, 22, 41, 59, 77, 127

Parizeau, Jacques 11, 48, 147, 234, 235, 255, 257, 260, 261, 265, 267, 269, 294, 303, 310, 367

Parkman, Francis 89

Parliament Buildings, Montreal, burning of 114

Patterson, Graeme 115

Pearson, Lester B. 181, 373, 376, 453, 493

Péguy, Charles 296

Pelletier, Gérard 75, 312, 316

Pépin, Jean-Luc 316

Peterloo Massacre, Manchester (1819) 23

Picasso, Pablo 39, 116, 200

Pierre the healer 192, 193

Platonist vs. Socratic approach 11011

Political parties: Bloc Québécois 177, 286, 296, 332; CCF 18, 181, 330; Conservative 65, 385; Créditiste 317;Liberal 65, 241, 249, 262, 387, 403, 405; New Democratic (NDP) 18; Parti National 308; Parti Québécois (PQ) 19, 33, 46, 75, 169, 176, 177, 236, 238, 241, 249, 262, 285, 308, 311, 312, 317, 390; Progressive 18, 180; Reform 18, 33, 177, 252, 332, 477; Social Credit 18, 346; Union Nationale 308, 314, 317

poverty, endemic 224, 507

Powell, Dr. I.W. 39

Prague 269, 272

prairies 43, 58, 149, 167

Pratt, Christopher 201

Pratt, E.J. 71, 147

Pratt, Mary 41

premiers’ conference (1996) 280

Prendergast, Maurice 202, 203

Pressault, Melanie 234

Prince Edward Island 24, 122, 134

prisons 486

propaganda 14, 15, 143

Proulx, Monique 8, 125, 426

Proust, Marcel 75

public debate 214, 218, 245, 285, 301, 311, 421, 441

public readings 221 public (common) good, the 3, 86, 96, 109, 123, 183, 216, 238, 289, 292, 299, 300, 303, 309, 319, 327, 336, 454, 455, 482, 485, 490, 491, 494, 499, 501, 502, 504, 506, 507

Pujol, Jordi 272, 273, 276

Purdy, Al 188, 416

Puvis de Chavannes, Pierre-Cécile 203

Quai d’Orsay 379, 380

Quarrington, Paul 193

Quebec 17, 18, 28, 29, 31, 32, 35, 37, 47, 51, 60, 66, 68, 75, 121, 125, 129, 158, 163, 178, 189, 211, 234, 238, 239, 243, 244, 248, 249, 254, 261, 265, 269, 272, 273, 284, 292, 293, 304, 305, 310, 316, 326, 330, 332, 339, 350, 356, 442, 489, 506; Act of 1774 267, 289, 293; Arts Council 262;Easter Riots (1918) 383; Conference (1864) 86; Hydro 316; referendum (1995) 291, 295; wounds from 263, 264; francophone culture 262

Quebec City 59, 65, 74, 163, 289, 296, 303

Quebecers 236, 237, 240, 250, 253, 255, 316, 334, 392

Queenston Heights, Battle of 92

Quiet Revolution 33, 75, 181, 303, 316, 318, 350, 423

racism 437, 450, 452;anti-Asian 31, 324; anti-blacks 161; anti-Chinese 31; anti-French 340; anti-Semitism 31, 324, 346, 452

Radio-Canada 163, 420

Rae, Bob 75, 361

railroads 167, 173, 174

Ralston, Keith 37

reality 255, 444, 473, 477, 478, 481, 504; and the unexpected 232; expressed through literature 195

Rebellion Losses Bill 336

Rebellions (1837) 63, 64, 85, 313, 328

reconciliation 289, 290, 297, 327, 388, 501, 502, 507, 508

Red River Valley 44

Red Toryism 133

referenda 11, 46, 4852, 23237, 239, 241, 242, 245, 294,

reform coalition 123

reform movements 106, 109, 179, 180, 443

Reformation, The 266

reformers 122, 123, 133, 175, 279, 302, 303, 316, 328, 329, 334, 472

refugees 128, 133, 169

Refus global (Borduas) 205, 206, 307, 316

Reid, Bill 40

religion of change 324

Renan, Ernest 30

Rez Sisters, The (Highway) 5556, 416

Ricard, André 150

Ricard, François 417, 423

Riefenstahl, Leni 13

Riel, Louis 18, 45, 93, 212, 466; Laurier’s defence of 217

right, rise of the 180

Rimouski 112

Riopelle, Jean-Paul 198, 200, 205

rivers, highways of communication 284

Robinson, Theodore 202 Robson, John 39

Rogers, Stan 72, 14647

Roma (Gypsy) 271

Roman Empire 266

Romanow, Roy 13

Ross, Oakland 141

Rothko, Mark 203

Rousseauian view 107, 189

Roy, Gabrielle 497

Royal Commission on Native Affairs 296

rural idyll 158, 189

Russell, Peter 83, 500

Russia 55, 82, 107, 157, 207, 270, 276, 283

Russian north, relationship to Canada’s 156

Russian sculpture 201

Ryan, Claude 326, 327

Ryder, Albert 203

Ryerson, Egerton 109, 134, 245

St. Lawrence River 165, 284

Saguenay 161, 488

Salinas, President (Mexico) 396, 398, 399

Salish beliefs 191, 192

Salut Galarneau! (Godbout) 152

Saskatchewan 18, 66, 90

Sauvé, Paul 316

Scandinavia 42, 55, 107, 267

Scandinavian Art Show, 1913 (Buffalo) 199

Scandinavians 136, 276, 277, 282

Schönberg, Arthur 125

scholasticism 208, 210, 214

Scott, Duncan Campbell 8889, 190

Scott, F.R. 413

Scott, Frank 73

Scottish Assembly 275

Scottish uprisings 281

Scotland 267, 274, 275, 283

Scots, emigration of to Canada 274, 275

Second World War, see World War Two

Séguin, Maurice 19, 23, 110, 310,

312, 313, 340, 345, 438, 463

Seigneurial Rights 124

self-interest 21, 36, 226, 257, 443, 482, 485, 490, 492, 496, 500; group 279

separation, threat of death in 293

Short Sad Book, A (Bowering) 430

Shoyama, Tommy 330

Siamese twins 12, 14, 33, 116, 207

Siege of Ottawa 18

Sifton, Clifford 178, 329

Singapore 284

slavery (U.S.) 104

Slovakia 267, 269, 27072, 283

Smith A.J.M. 194, 198, 207

social contract 18, 212, 258, 259, 324

social programs and cuts 240, 268, 474, 483

social reform 180, 329

solidarity 49, 257, 299, 301, 302, 309, 319, 445, 446

solitudes 418, 428

Somalia Enquiry Report 489

song-lines, Aboriginal 147, 324

Sort de l’Amérique, Le (Godbout) 22

Soviet Union 82, 267

Spain 36, 103, 274, 359, 360

special relationships 36, 37

spiritualism 186

sports, as commodity 47981

Statute of Westminster 83, 88

Steffler, John 428 Stockholm blood bath (1520) 276

Strachan, Bishop 134

strategic leaps (eight) 182

strategy 171, 175, 177, 178, 18082, 236, 237, 260, 503

Strindberg, August 198, 200, 246

suffragette movement 256, 449

Sun Tzu 175, 179, 180

Sweden 277, 283

Swedes 276

Swedish Academy 276

Szymborska, Wisl/awa 471

Tadoussac 161

Tanner, Henry 203

Taschereau, Louis-Alexandre 309, 310

Taylor, Charles 30, 347, 386

technocracy 148, 302, 502

technocrats 147, 401

technology 324, 325

Tecumseh 92, 368

Temptations of Big Bear, The (Wiebe) 94

Têtes à Papineau, Les (Godbout) 14, 116

Thatcher, Margaret 275

Thiel Gallery, Stockholm 199

32 Short Films About Glenn Gould (Girard) 61

Thomson, Tom 199

Thoreau, Henry David 18788, 192

Tito, Josip 288

Tolstoy, Leo 113, 141, 200, 281, 489

Toronto 17, 41, 64, 68, 163, 258, 259, 313

traitors 176, 237, 302, 394, 446

transfer payments 136, 183

trappers 197

Treaty of Paris 127

Treaty of Versailles 354

triangular foundation, Canada’s 88, 119

Trinity College yell 135

Triumph of the Will (Riefenstahl) 13

Trudeau, Pierre 75, 144, 181, 234, 237, 274, 316, 338, 339, 343, 390, 39395, 413

Trudel, Marcel 445

Trutch, Jospeh 472

Tupper, Charles 134, 135

Turp, Daniel 283, 295

Two Solitudes (MacLennan) 60

Tylor, E.B. 186

Ultramontane movement 32, 33, 108, 124, 134, 302, 308, 314, 330, 453

Ultramontanes 129, 305307

Unidentified Human Remains and the True Nature of Love (Fraser) 61

Unified Parliament of Canada 334

unilingualism 67, 444

Union election, first 329

United Farmers of Manitoba 384

United Nations 128, 270

United States 8, 15, 24, 36, 37, 87, 102, 103, 110, 121, 129, 148, 155, 160, 207, 267, 270, 280, 282, 303, 305, 370, 397, 400, 442, 477, 478

Utopia 140, 439, 447; anti-Utopia 140

Van Horne, Sir William 77

Vancouver 38, 40, 167

Varley, F.H. (Fred) 142, 204, 205

Vatican 266

Victoria, B.C. 135

Viger, Denis Benjamin 109 Vigneault, Gilles 72, 146, 427, 428

voting patterns 162

War of 1812–14, Upper Canada 84

War Measures Act 60, 114, 39395

Wars, The (Findley) 141

Walloons 277

Warhol, Andy 203, 204

Washington 37, 268, 358, 403

Washington, George 105, 267

Watch That Ends the Night, The (MacLennan) 141, 193

Wells, Clyde 212, 213

West, Canadian 26, 33032, 337

western civilization, the rift between reality and mythology 13

Western Visions (Gibbins, Arrian) 17, 18

Wharton, Thomas 55

Widerberg, Frans 200

Wiebe, Rudy 94, 190, 195

Wijkmark, Carl-Henning 412

Willumsen, Jens 200

Winnipeg General Strike (1919) 60, 383

Wittgenstein, Ludwig 186, 192

Wood, Henry 329

Woodcock, George 93, 139, 220

Woodsworth, J.S. 329

World War One 30, 88, 93, 142, 277, 373, 401

World War Two 86, 276, 357

Young, David 196

Yugoslav peace accord 287

Yugoslavia 267

Zadkine, Ossip 201