Romans 1
[BACK TO [1]] 1:3 Or who according to the flesh
[BACK TO [2]] 1:4 Or was declared with power to be the Son of God
[BACK TO [3]] 1:5 Or that is
[BACK TO [4]] 1:13 The Greek word for brothers and sisters (adelphoi) refers here to believers, both men and women, as part of God’s family; also in 7:1, 4; 8:12, 29; 10:1; 11:25; 12:1; 15:14, 30; 16:14, 17.
[BACK TO [5]] 1:17 Or is from faith to faith
[BACK TO [6]] 1:17 Hab. 2:4
Romans 2
[BACK TO [7]] 2:6 Psalm 62:12; Prov. 24:12
[BACK TO [8]] 2:24 Isaiah 52:5 (see Septuagint); Ezek. 36:20, 22
[BACK TO [9]] 2:27 Or who, by means of a
Romans 3
[BACK TO [11]] 3:12 Psalms 14:1–3; 53:1–3; Eccles. 7:20
[BACK TO [12]] 3:13 Psalm 5:9
[BACK TO [13]] 3:13 Psalm 140:3
[BACK TO [14]] 3:14 Psalm 10:7 (see Septuagint)
[BACK TO [15]] 3:17 Isaiah 59:7, 8
[BACK TO [16]] 3:18 Psalm 36:1
[BACK TO [17]] 3:22 Or through the faithfulness of
[BACK TO [18]] 3:25 The Greek for sacrifice of atonement refers to the atonement cover on the ark of the covenant (see Lev. 16:15, 16).
Romans 4
[BACK TO [19]] 4:3 Gen. 15:6; also in verse 22
[BACK TO [20]] 4:8 Psalm 32:1, 2
[BACK TO [21]] 4:17 Gen. 17:5
[BACK TO [22]] 4:18 Gen. 15:5
Romans 5
[BACK TO [23]] 5:1 Many manuscripts let us
[BACK TO [24]] 5:2 Or let us
[BACK TO [25]] 5:3 Or let us
Romans 6
[BACK TO [26]] 6:6 Or be rendered powerless
[BACK TO [27]] 6:23 Or through
Romans 7
[BACK TO [28]] 7:5 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit.
[BACK TO [29]] 7:7 Exodus 20:17; Deut. 5:21
[BACK TO [30]] 7:18 Or my flesh
[BACK TO [31]] 7:25 Or in the flesh
Romans 8
[BACK TO [32]] 8:2 The Greek is singular; some manuscripts me
[BACK TO [33]] 8:3 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit; also in verses 4–13.
[BACK TO [34]] 8:3 Or flesh, for sin
[BACK TO [35]] 8:10 Or you, your body is dead because of sin, yet your spirit is alive
[BACK TO [36]] 8:11 Some manuscripts bodies through
[BACK TO [37]] 8:15 The Greek word for adoption to sonship is a term referring to the full legal standing of an adopted male heir in Roman culture; also in verse 23.
[BACK TO [38]] 8:15 Aramaic for father
[BACK TO [39]] 8:20, 21 Or subjected it in hope. 21For
[BACK TO [40]] 8:28 Or that all things work together for good to those who love God, who; or that in all things God works together with those who love him to bring about what is good—with those who
[BACK TO [41]] 8:36 Psalm 44:22
[BACK TO [42]] 8:38 Or nor heavenly rulers
Romans 9
[BACK TO [43]] 9:5 Or Messiah, who is over all. God be forever praised! Or Messiah. God who is over all be forever praised!
[BACK TO [45]] 9:9 Gen. 18:10, 14
[BACK TO [46]] 9:12 Gen. 25:23
[BACK TO [47]] 9:13 Mal. 1:2, 3
[BACK TO [48]] 9:15 Exodus 33:19
[BACK TO [49]] 9:17 Exodus 9:16
[BACK TO [50]] 9:20 Isaiah 29:16; 45:9
[BACK TO [51]] 9:25 Hosea 2:23
[BACK TO [52]] 9:26 Hosea 1:10
[BACK TO [53]] 9:28 Isaiah 10:22, 23 (see Septuagint)
[BACK TO [54]] 9:29 Isaiah 1:9
[BACK TO [55]] 9:33 Isaiah 8:14; 28:16
Romans 10
[BACK TO [56]] 10:5 Lev. 18:5
[BACK TO [57]] 10:6 Deut. 30:12
[BACK TO [58]] 10:7 Deut. 30:13
[BACK TO [59]] 10:8 Deut. 30:14
[BACK TO [60]] 10:11 Isaiah 28:16 (see Septuagint)
[BACK TO [61]] 10:13 Joel 2:32
[BACK TO [62]] 10:15 Isaiah 52:7
[BACK TO [63]] 10:16 Isaiah 53:1
[BACK TO [64]] 10:18 Psalm 19:4
[BACK TO [65]] 10:19 Deut. 32:21
[BACK TO [66]] 10:20 Isaiah 65:1
[BACK TO [67]] 10:21 Isaiah 65:2
Romans 11
[BACK TO [68]] 11:3 1 Kings 19:10, 14
[BACK TO [69]] 11:4 1 Kings 19:18
[BACK TO [70]] 11:8 Deut. 29:4; Isaiah 29:10
[BACK TO [71]] 11:10 Psalm 69:22, 23
[BACK TO [72]] 11:26 Or and so
[BACK TO [73]] 11:27 Or will be
[BACK TO [74]] 11:27 Isaiah 59:20, 21; 27:9 (see Septuagint); Jer. 31:33, 34
[BACK TO [75]] 11:31 Some manuscripts do not have now.
[BACK TO [76]] 11:33 Or riches and the wisdom and the
[BACK TO [77]] 11:34 Isaiah 40:13
[BACK TO [78]] 11:35 Job 41:11
Romans 12
[BACK TO [79]] 12:6 Or the
[BACK TO [80]] 12:8 Or to provide for others
[BACK TO [81]] 12:16 Or willing to do menial work
[BACK TO [82]] 12:19 Deut. 32:35
[BACK TO [83]] 12:20 Prov. 25:21, 22
Romans 13
[BACK TO [84]] 13:9 Exodus 20:13–15, 17; Deut. 5:17–19, 21
[BACK TO [85]] 13:9 Lev. 19:18
[BACK TO [86]] 13:14 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit.
Romans 14
[BACK TO [87]] 14:10 The Greek word for brother or sister (adelphos) refers here to a believer, whether man or woman, as part of God’s family; also in verses 13, 15 and 21.
[BACK TO [88]] 14:11 Isaiah 45:23
[BACK TO [89]] 14:23 Some manuscripts place 16:25–27 here; others after 15:33.
Romans 15
[BACK TO [90]] 15:3 Psalm 69:9
[BACK TO [91]] 15:8 Greek circumcision
[BACK TO [92]] 15:9 2 Samuel 22:50; Psalm 18:49
[BACK TO [93]] 15:10 Deut. 32:43
[BACK TO [94]] 15:11 Psalm 117:1
[BACK TO [95]] 15:12 Isaiah 11:10 (see Septuagint)
[BACK TO [96]] 15:21 Isaiah 52:15 (see Septuagint)
Romans 16
[BACK TO [97]] 16:1 Or servant
[BACK TO [98]] 16:1 The word deacon refers here to a Christian designated to serve with the overseers/elders of the church in a variety of ways; similarly in Phil. 1:1 and 1 Tim. 3:8, 12.
[BACK TO [99]] 16:3 Greek Prisca, a variant of Priscilla
[BACK TO [100]] 16:7 Or are esteemed by
[BACK TO [101]] 16:24 Some manuscripts include here May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with all of you. Amen.
[BACK TO [102]] 16:26 Or that is